EP0385665A2 - Briquettes - Google Patents

Briquettes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0385665A2
EP0385665A2 EP90301942A EP90301942A EP0385665A2 EP 0385665 A2 EP0385665 A2 EP 0385665A2 EP 90301942 A EP90301942 A EP 90301942A EP 90301942 A EP90301942 A EP 90301942A EP 0385665 A2 EP0385665 A2 EP 0385665A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
coal
content
fuel particles
briquette according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90301942A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0385665A3 (en
Inventor
Duncan Taylor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RYAN INTERNATIONAL PLC
Original Assignee
RYAN INTERNATIONAL PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB898904351A external-priority patent/GB8904351D0/en
Application filed by RYAN INTERNATIONAL PLC filed Critical RYAN INTERNATIONAL PLC
Publication of EP0385665A2 publication Critical patent/EP0385665A2/en
Publication of EP0385665A3 publication Critical patent/EP0385665A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
    • C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/04—Raw material of mineral origin to be used; Pretreatment thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with fuel briquettes and, in particular, fuel briquettes suitable for open fire use.
  • fuel briquettes are made from fine coals having low smoke emission, such as anthracite.
  • a fuel briquette comprising fuel particles bonded together by means of a cured organic binder, wherein the fuel particles comprise coal having a volatiles content of 10 to 14%, a fixed carbon content of 77 to 87% (such as 78 to 85%), and an ash content of 3 to 8% (such as 3 to 7%), all percentages being by weight on a dry basis.
  • the fuel particles typically have a moisture content of up to 15%, a sulphur content not exceeding 2% (for example, not more than 1%), a chlorine content not exceeding 1% (for example, not more than 0.1%), these percentages being again by weight, and a calorific value of 28,000 to 36,000 kJ/kg (such as 32000 to 35000 kJ/kg) on a dry basis.
  • the coal used in the briquettes according to the invention may be dry steam coal; in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the coal may be a blend of two or more of anthracite coal, coking coal, lignite, bituminous or semi-bituminous coal or petroleum coke.
  • the coal may further contain one or more ash modification agents wihch are such as to improve the combustion properties of the briquettes by reducing the volume of uncombusted carbonaceous material falling into the undergrade.
  • ash modification agents wihch are such as to improve the combustion properties of the briquettes by reducing the volume of uncombusted carbonaceous material falling into the undergrade.
  • Preferred examples of such materials are iron oxide, magnesium sulphate, or sodium orthophosphate (or a mixture of two or more thereof).
  • Such ash modification agents may be present in an amount of 0.05 to 3% by weight, based on the weight of the coal.
  • the briquettes according to the invention are particularly suitable for open fire use, by virtue of their relatively high volatiles content (compared to anthracite), which is, however somewhat lower than current commercial products for open fire burning.
  • the briquettes according to the invention have a sufficiently high volatile content to make them easily ignitable, but longer burning than most current commercial open fire products.
  • the briquettes according to the invention are capable of meeting statutory requirements for smokeless fuels, and can have very satisfactory physical strength.
  • the present invention further comprises a briquetting process, which comprises mixing fuel particles comprising coal as defined above with a minor amount of a curable binder, forming the mix into briquettes, and allowing the binder to cure.
  • the fuel particles typically have a particle size of not exceeding 22mm, such as 0 to 6 millimetres.
  • the particle size generally corresponds to what is known as "duff".
  • the binder used in the briquettes according to the invention may comprise, for example, a polyvinyl alcohol (e.g., as disclosed in GB2138442 or EP135785), molasses (e.g., as disclosed in GB2181449 or GB2187754), bitumen, starch, or a lignosulphonate.
  • a polyvinyl alcohol e.g., as disclosed in GB2138442 or EP135785
  • molasses e.g., as disclosed in GB2181449 or GB2187754
  • bitumen e.g., as disclosed in GB2181449 or GB2187754
  • bitumen e.g., as disclosed in GB2181449 or GB2187754
  • bitumen e.g., as disclosed in GB2181449 or GB2187754
  • bitumen e.g., as disclosed in GB2181449 or GB2187754
  • the binder should be such that it is curable at less than 500°C; more preferred are binders which are curable at less than 350°C (such as 150 to 350°C). Curing is, accordingly, preferably carried out at a temperature in the range of 300-350°C.
  • the mix may be formed into briquettes by any conventional technique, such as extrusion, roll-pressing, die-pressing, or rotary table pressing.
  • the resulting briquettes may, if desired, be post-treated so as to improve their water-resistance, appearance, or other properties, by any conventional technique.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

Briquettes for open fire use comprise fuel particles bonded together by fuel particles bonded together by means of a cured organic binder. The fuel particles comprise coal (such as dry steam coal) having a volatiles content of 10 to 14% by weight, a fixed carbon content of 77 to 87% by weight, and an ash content of 3 to 8% by weight on a dry basis.

Description

  • The present invention is concerned with fuel briquettes and, in particular, fuel briquettes suitable for open fire use.
  • Many processes for briquetting coal particles are known. A long established process involves the use of a high temperature binder, such as bitumen or pitch. More recently, interest has been centred on low temperature binders, such as molasses, polyvinyl alcohol, lignosulphonates, starch and the like, as these enable the emission of smoke and other polluting products from the briquetting plant to be minimised.
  • Generally, fuel briquettes are made from fine coals having low smoke emission, such as anthracite.
  • We have now developed a fuel briquette in which the fuel particles can be of relatively lower grade coal.
  • According to the present invention, therefore, there is provided a fuel briquette comprising fuel particles bonded together by means of a cured organic binder, wherein the fuel particles comprise coal having a volatiles content of 10 to 14%, a fixed carbon content of 77 to 87% (such as 78 to 85%), and an ash content of 3 to 8% (such as 3 to 7%), all percentages being by weight on a dry basis.
  • The fuel particles typically have a moisture content of up to 15%, a sulphur content not exceeding 2% (for example, not more than 1%), a chlorine content not exceeding 1% (for example, not more than 0.1%), these percentages being again by weight, and a calorific value of 28,000 to 36,000 kJ/kg (such as 32000 to 35000 kJ/kg) on a dry basis.
  • The coal used in the briquettes according to the invention may be dry steam coal; in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the coal may be a blend of two or more of anthracite coal, coking coal, lignite, bituminous or semi-bituminous coal or petroleum coke.
  • The coal may further contain one or more ash modification agents wihch are such as to improve the combustion properties of the briquettes by reducing the volume of uncombusted carbonaceous material falling into the undergrade. Preferred examples of such materials are iron oxide, magnesium sulphate, or sodium orthophosphate (or a mixture of two or more thereof). Such ash modification agents may be present in an amount of 0.05 to 3% by weight, based on the weight of the coal.
  • The briquettes according to the invention are particularly suitable for open fire use, by virtue of their relatively high volatiles content (compared to anthracite), which is, however somewhat lower than current commercial products for open fire burning. The briquettes according to the invention have a sufficiently high volatile content to make them easily ignitable, but longer burning than most current commercial open fire products. The briquettes according to the invention are capable of meeting statutory requirements for smokeless fuels, and can have very satisfactory physical strength.
  • The present invention further comprises a briquetting process, which comprises mixing fuel particles comprising coal as defined above with a minor amount of a curable binder, forming the mix into briquettes, and allowing the binder to cure.
  • The fuel particles typically have a particle size of not exceeding 22mm, such as 0 to 6 millimetres. The particle size generally corresponds to what is known as "duff".
  • The binder used in the briquettes according to the invention may comprise, for example, a polyvinyl alcohol (e.g., as disclosed in GB2138442 or EP135785), molasses (e.g., as disclosed in GB2181449 or GB2187754), bitumen, starch, or a lignosulphonate.
  • It is preferred that the binder should be such that it is curable at less than 500°C; more preferred are binders which are curable at less than 350°C (such as 150 to 350°C). Curing is, accordingly, preferably carried out at a temperature in the range of 300-350°C.
  • The mix may be formed into briquettes by any conventional technique, such as extrusion, roll-pressing, die-pressing, or rotary table pressing.
  • The resulting briquettes may, if desired, be post-treated so as to improve their water-resistance, appearance, or other properties, by any conventional technique.

Claims (12)

1. A fuel briquette comprising fuel particles bonded together by means of a cured organic binder, wherein the fuel particles comprise coal having a volatiles content of 10 to 14%, a fixed carbon content of 77 to 87%, and an ash content of 3 to 8%, all percentages being by weight on a dry basis.
2. A fuel briquette according to claim 1, wherein said fuel particles have a moisture content of up to 15%.
3. A fuel briquette according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said fuel particles have a sulphur content not exceeding 2%.
4. A fuel briquette according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein said fuel particles have a chlorine content not exceeding 1%.
5. A fuel briquette according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein said fuel particles have a calorific value of 28,000 to 36,000 kJ/kg on a dry basis.
6. A fuel briquette according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein said fuel particles have a particle size of not exceeding 22mm.
7. A fuel briquette according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein said coal comprises dry steam coal.
8. A fuel briquette according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein said coal comprises a blend of two or more of anthracite coal, coking coal, bituminous or semi-bituminous coal, lignite or petroleum coke.
9. A fuel briquette according to any of claims 1 to 8, which contains 0.05 to 3% by weight of one or more ash modification agents selected from iron oxide, magnesium sulphate and sodium orthphosphate.
10. A briquetting process, which comprises mixing fuel particles comprising coal having a volatiles content of 10 to 14%, a fixed carbon content of 77 to 87%, and an ash content of 3 to 8%, all percentages being by weight on a dry basis, with a minor amount of a curable binder, forming the mix into briquettes, and allowing the binder to cure.
11. A briquetting process according to claim 10, wherein said fuel particles are as defined in any of claims 2 to 9.
12. A briquetting process according to claim 4 or 5, wherein said curing is carried out at a temperature in the range of 150-350 degrees Celsius.
EP19900301942 1989-02-25 1990-02-23 Briquettes Withdrawn EP0385665A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB898904351A GB8904351D0 (en) 1989-02-25 1989-02-25 Briquettes
GB8904351 1989-02-25
GB898927805A GB8927805D0 (en) 1989-02-25 1989-12-08 Briquettes
GB8927805 1989-12-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0385665A2 true EP0385665A2 (en) 1990-09-05
EP0385665A3 EP0385665A3 (en) 1990-12-19

Family

ID=26295016

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900301942 Withdrawn EP0385665A3 (en) 1989-02-25 1990-02-23 Briquettes

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0385665A3 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19961325C2 (en) * 1999-12-18 2001-11-15 Rheinische Braunkohlenw Ag Barbecue briquette for preparing food on an embers and process for its production
DE102007014173A1 (en) 2007-03-21 2008-09-25 Rheinbraun Brennstoff Gmbh Grillbrikett
EP2166065A2 (en) 2008-09-19 2010-03-24 Rheinbraun Brennstoff GmbH Coloured briquettes
WO2010084318A3 (en) * 2009-01-21 2011-08-11 Oxonica Materials Limited Solid fuel combustion process
EP2463357A1 (en) 2010-12-07 2012-06-13 Rheinbraun Brennstoff GmbH Lignite fuel coke briquette with dust binding agent
DE102018009389A1 (en) 2018-11-29 2020-06-04 Ingo Schuppler Object made of fine-grained material and a binder
US11905482B1 (en) 2023-08-03 2024-02-20 Mikhail Aleksandrovich Meschaninov Fuel briquette

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1546642A1 (en) * 1964-04-17 1969-05-22 Carbonnages Reunis Laura & Ver Binder and process for the production of agglomerates, in particular smokeless, water- and transport-resistant coal briquettes
FR1600121A (en) * 1968-03-15 1970-07-20
GB2138442A (en) * 1983-04-23 1984-10-24 Akzo Nv Fuel briquettes
GB2187754A (en) * 1986-03-14 1987-09-16 Coal Ind Coal briquetting process
EP0252332A2 (en) * 1986-07-11 1988-01-13 Ruhrkohle Aktiengesellschaft Process for manufacturing coal or coke briquets

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1546642A1 (en) * 1964-04-17 1969-05-22 Carbonnages Reunis Laura & Ver Binder and process for the production of agglomerates, in particular smokeless, water- and transport-resistant coal briquettes
FR1600121A (en) * 1968-03-15 1970-07-20
GB2138442A (en) * 1983-04-23 1984-10-24 Akzo Nv Fuel briquettes
GB2187754A (en) * 1986-03-14 1987-09-16 Coal Ind Coal briquetting process
EP0252332A2 (en) * 1986-07-11 1988-01-13 Ruhrkohle Aktiengesellschaft Process for manufacturing coal or coke briquets

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19961325C2 (en) * 1999-12-18 2001-11-15 Rheinische Braunkohlenw Ag Barbecue briquette for preparing food on an embers and process for its production
DE102007014173A1 (en) 2007-03-21 2008-09-25 Rheinbraun Brennstoff Gmbh Grillbrikett
EP2166065A2 (en) 2008-09-19 2010-03-24 Rheinbraun Brennstoff GmbH Coloured briquettes
DE102008048113A1 (en) 2008-09-19 2010-04-01 Rheinbraun Brennstoff Gmbh Colored briquettes
WO2010084318A3 (en) * 2009-01-21 2011-08-11 Oxonica Materials Limited Solid fuel combustion process
EP2463357A1 (en) 2010-12-07 2012-06-13 Rheinbraun Brennstoff GmbH Lignite fuel coke briquette with dust binding agent
DE102010053618A1 (en) 2010-12-07 2012-06-14 Rheinbraun Brennstoff Gmbh Lignite coke briquette with dust binder
DE102018009389A1 (en) 2018-11-29 2020-06-04 Ingo Schuppler Object made of fine-grained material and a binder
US11905482B1 (en) 2023-08-03 2024-02-20 Mikhail Aleksandrovich Meschaninov Fuel briquette

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0385665A3 (en) 1990-12-19

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