EP0385129B1 - Short-trajectory projectile having means for reducing the range - Google Patents

Short-trajectory projectile having means for reducing the range Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0385129B1
EP0385129B1 EP90102159A EP90102159A EP0385129B1 EP 0385129 B1 EP0385129 B1 EP 0385129B1 EP 90102159 A EP90102159 A EP 90102159A EP 90102159 A EP90102159 A EP 90102159A EP 0385129 B1 EP0385129 B1 EP 0385129B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
trajectory
short
range
reducing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90102159A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0385129A1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Meister
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Original Assignee
Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG filed Critical Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Publication of EP0385129A1 publication Critical patent/EP0385129A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0385129B1 publication Critical patent/EP0385129B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/48—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a short-range projectile with means for shortening the trajectory of the projectile according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • part of the projectile tip consists of a material which melts due to the air resistance (see CH Patent No. 532 240 and EP Patent No. 0 036 232).
  • a destabilization body is attached to the floor of the projectile, which projects into the flow-free space behind the projectile and which initiates the destabilization as soon as it emerges from the diminishing one , flow-free space protrudes (see Swiss Patent No. 667 723).
  • DE-A-3 422 659 describes a projectile with a steel jacket which has a cylindrical outer contour in its rear region and tapers conically towards the rear. On this conically tapered part of the steel jacket there is an annular body which consists of a material which wears out under the action of the air flowing past the cylindrical outer contour. This reduces the aerodynamic drag in flight and increases the flight path.
  • LU-A-53 302 describes a braking device on a bomb, which essentially consists in that the surface of the bomb is provided over a certain length at its front end with grooves which are only exposed after a certain flight duration.
  • the object which is to be achieved with the present invention is to create a short-range projectile which is particularly simple to manufacture and which enables a predetermined shortening of the trajectory.
  • the short-range floor 10 has a projectile body 11 which is provided with an axial blind bore 12 at its front end. A projectile tip 13 is inserted into this blind bore 12 and is held in the blind bore 12 by means of a thread 14.
  • the projectile body 11 has a second blind bore 15 at its rear end, into which, for example, a light set can be inserted.
  • the projectile body 11 is also provided with a swirl band 16.
  • This short-track floor 10 is essentially exactly the same as a normal projectile is formed and differs only by means of shortening the trajectory of the projectile while the projectile is already in its trajectory.
  • the deviation of the trajectory from the trajectory of a normal projectile should be less than 1% during the first 200 meters.
  • the trajectory of the short-range storey should not match the trajectory of a normal storey for more than 4000 meters.
  • the shortening of the trajectory is shown in Fig.2.
  • Two corresponding trajectories of the projectile are shown for each elevation a of the weapon. These two trajectories coincide with each other on route A -B.
  • C is the normal trajectory of a projectile and D is the shortened trajectory that results from the change in the surface of the projectile due to the air friction on the trajectory from A - B.
  • the length of this distance A - B depends on the elevation a of the weapon.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kurzbahngeschoss mit Mitteln zum Verkürzen der Flugbahn des Geschosses nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a short-range projectile with means for shortening the trajectory of the projectile according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Bei einem bekannten Kurzbahngeschoss dieser Art, mit einem Geschosskörper und einer beim Geschossflug sich abtrennenden Geschossspitze, besteht ein Teil der Geschossspitze aus einem durch den Luftwiderstand schmelzenden Material (siehe CH-Patent Nr. 532 240 und EP-Patent Nr. 0 036 232).In a known short-range bullet of this type, with a projectile body and a projectile tip separating during the projectile flight, part of the projectile tip consists of a material which melts due to the air resistance (see CH Patent No. 532 240 and EP Patent No. 0 036 232).

Bei einem anderen bekannten Kurzbahngeschoss dieser Art, mit Mitteln zum Destabilisieren des Geschosses am Ende der ersten Flugphase, ist am Boden des Geschosses ein Destabilisierungskörper befestigt, der in den strömungsfreien Raum hinter dem Geschoss hineinragt und der die Destabilisierung einleitet, sobald er aus dem sich verkleinernden, strömungsfreien Raum herausragt (siehe CH-Patent Nr. 667 723).In another known short-range projectile of this type, with means for destabilizing the projectile at the end of the first flight phase, a destabilization body is attached to the floor of the projectile, which projects into the flow-free space behind the projectile and which initiates the destabilization as soon as it emerges from the diminishing one , flow-free space protrudes (see Swiss Patent No. 667 723).

In der DE-A-3 422 659 ist ein Geschoss mit einem Stahlmantel beschrieben, der in seinem Heckbereich eine zylindrische Aussenkontur aufweist und sich konisch nach hinten verjüngt. Auf diesem konisch verjüngten Teil des Stahmantels ist ein Ringkörper vorhanden, der aus einem Werkstoff besteht, der sich unter der Einwirkung der an der zylindrischen Aussenkontur vorbeiströmenden Luft verschleisst. Somit verringert sich der Luftwiderstandswert im Flug und die Flugbahn wird vergrössert.DE-A-3 422 659 describes a projectile with a steel jacket which has a cylindrical outer contour in its rear region and tapers conically towards the rear. On this conically tapered part of the steel jacket there is an annular body which consists of a material which wears out under the action of the air flowing past the cylindrical outer contour. This reduces the aerodynamic drag in flight and increases the flight path.

Ferner ist in der LU-A-53 302 eine Bremsvorrichtung an einer Bombe beschrieben, die im wesentlichen darin besteht, dass die Oberfläche der Bombe auf einer gewissen Länge an ihrem vorderen Ende mit Rillen versehen ist, die erst nach einer bestimmten Flugdauer freigelegt werden.Furthermore, LU-A-53 302 describes a braking device on a bomb, which essentially consists in that the surface of the bomb is provided over a certain length at its front end with grooves which are only exposed after a certain flight duration.

Die Verwendung von schmelzendem Material hat den Nachteil, dass sich das Geschoss im Sommer bei hohen Temperaturen anders verhält als im Winter bei niedrigen Temperaturen. Auch die Befestigung eines Destabilisierungskörpers ermöglicht keine präzise Flugbahnverkürzung, welche den heutigen Anforderungen entspricht.The disadvantage of using melting material is that the bullet behaves differently in summer at high temperatures than in winter at low temperatures. Even attaching one Destabilizing body does not allow precise trajectory shortening, which corresponds to today's requirements.

Die Aufgabe, welche mit der vorliegenden Erfindung gelöst werden soll, besteht in der Schaffung eines Kurzbahngeschosses, das sich besonders einfach herstellen lässt und eine vorgegebene Flugbahnverkürzung ermöglicht.The object which is to be achieved with the present invention is to create a short-range projectile which is particularly simple to manufacture and which enables a predetermined shortening of the trajectory.

Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorzugsweise wird als schmelzbares Material Polycarbonat verwendet.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of patent claim 1. Polycarbonate is preferably used as the fusible material.

Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemässen Kurzbahngeschosses sind im folgenden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung ausführlich beschrieben:Exemplary embodiments of the short-storey floor according to the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing:

Es zeigt:

  • Fig.1 einen Schnitt durch ein Kurzbahngeschoss, und
  • Fig.2 ein Flugbahnkarte.
It shows:
  • 1 shows a section through a short-range floor, and
  • Fig.2 a trajectory map.

Gemäss Fig.1 weist das Kurzbahngeschoss 10 einen Geschosskörper 11 auf, der an seinem vorderen Ende mit einer axialen Sackbohrung 12 versehen ist. In diese Sackbohrung 12 ist eine Geschossspitze 13 eingesetzt, die über ein Gewinde 14 in der Sackbohrung 12 gehalten ist. Der Geschosskörper 11 weist an seinem hinteren Ende eine zweite Sackbohrung 15 auf, in welche beispielsweise ein Leuchtsatz eigesetzt werden kann. Der Geschosskörper 11 ist ferner mit einem Drallband 16 versehen. Dieses Kurzbahngeschoss 10 ist im wesentlichen genau gleich wie ein normales Geschoss ausgebildet und unterscheidet sich bloss durch Mittel zum Verkürzen der Flugbahn des Geschosses, während sich das Geschoss bereits auf seiner Flugbahn befindet.According to FIG. 1, the short-range floor 10 has a projectile body 11 which is provided with an axial blind bore 12 at its front end. A projectile tip 13 is inserted into this blind bore 12 and is held in the blind bore 12 by means of a thread 14. The projectile body 11 has a second blind bore 15 at its rear end, into which, for example, a light set can be inserted. The projectile body 11 is also provided with a swirl band 16. This short-track floor 10 is essentially exactly the same as a normal projectile is formed and differs only by means of shortening the trajectory of the projectile while the projectile is already in its trajectory.

Bei einem solchen Kurzbahngeschoss soll die Abweichung der Flugbahn von der Flugbahn eines Normalgeschosses während der ersten 200 Meter kleiner als 1% sein. Jedoch soll die Flugbahn des Kurzbahngeschosses nicht länger als während 4000 Metern mit der Flugbahn eines Normalgeschosses übereinstimmen.With such a short-range projectile, the deviation of the trajectory from the trajectory of a normal projectile should be less than 1% during the first 200 meters. However, the trajectory of the short-range storey should not match the trajectory of a normal storey for more than 4000 meters.

Es sind folgende Mittel zur Verkürzung der Flugbahn des Geschosses, während sich das Geschoss auf seiner Flugbahn befindet, anwendbar:

  • a) Eine Geschossspitze 13 aus Stahl oder Aluminium oder der ganze Geschosskörper 11 wird an seiner Oberfläche mit einer Kunststoffschicht 17 ganz oder teilweise überzogen. Bei dieser Kunststoffschicht 17 verändert sich die Oberflächen-Rauhigkeit durch die Luftreibung während des Geschossfluges so stark, dass der Luftwiderstand des Geschosses sich vergrössert und die Flugbahn des Geschosses stark verkürzt wird.
  • b) Die Oberfläche des Geschosses wird in definierter Weise aufgerauht oder z.B. mit Rillen oder Nuten versehen. Anschliessend wird auf dieses Geschoss eine Kunststoffschicht aufgetragen, bis die aufgerauhte oder mit Rillen versehene Oberfläche wieder ganz glatt ist. Diese Kunststoffschicht ist so ausgebildet, dass sie durch die Luftreibung abgetragen wird und die aufgerauhte oder mit Rillen Versehen Geschossoberfläche den Luftwiderstand des Geschosses bestimmt. Dieser Luftwiderstand ist dann so gross, dass sich die Flugbahn des Geschosses stark verkürzt.
The following means of shortening the trajectory of the projectile while the projectile is in its trajectory can be used:
  • a) A projectile tip 13 made of steel or aluminum or the entire projectile body 11 is completely or partially coated on its surface with a plastic layer 17. With this plastic layer 17, the surface roughness changes so much due to the air friction during the bullet flight that the air resistance of the bullet increases and the trajectory of the bullet is greatly shortened.
  • b) The surface of the projectile is roughened in a defined manner or provided with grooves or grooves, for example. A plastic layer is then applied to this floor until the roughened or grooved surface is completely smooth again. This plastic layer is designed so that it is removed by the air friction and the roughened or grooved surface of the projectile determines the air resistance of the projectile. This air resistance is then so great that the trajectory of the projectile is greatly shortened.

Die Verkürzung der Flugbahn ist in Fig.2 dargestellt. Für jede Elevation a der Waffe sind zwei entsprechende Flugbahnen des Geschosses dargestellt. Diese beiden Flugbahnen stimmen auf der Strecke A -B miteinander überein. Mit C ist die Normalflugbahn eines Geschosses bezeichnet und mit D ist die verkürzte Flugbahn bezeichnet, die sich aus der Veränderung der Geschossoberfläche durch die Luftreibung auf der Flugbahn von A - B ergibt. Wie aus der Fig.2 ersichtlich ist, ist die Länge dieser Strecke A - B von der Elevation a der Waffe abhängig.The shortening of the trajectory is shown in Fig.2. Two corresponding trajectories of the projectile are shown for each elevation a of the weapon. These two trajectories coincide with each other on route A -B. C is the normal trajectory of a projectile and D is the shortened trajectory that results from the change in the surface of the projectile due to the air friction on the trajectory from A - B. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the length of this distance A - B depends on the elevation a of the weapon.

Claims (2)

  1. Short-trajectory projectile having means for reducing the range of the projectile (10̸) whilst the projectile (10̸) is in flight, wherein the projectile surface is at least in parts made of a material which melts due to air friction whilst in flight, characterised in that the projectile surface comprises roughenings or grooves which are covered and smoothed with meltable material.
  2. Short-trajectory projectile according to claim 1, characterised in that polycarbonate is used as meltable material.
EP90102159A 1989-03-03 1990-02-03 Short-trajectory projectile having means for reducing the range Expired - Lifetime EP0385129B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH796/89 1989-03-03
CH79689 1989-03-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0385129A1 EP0385129A1 (en) 1990-09-05
EP0385129B1 true EP0385129B1 (en) 1993-05-05

Family

ID=4195388

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90102159A Expired - Lifetime EP0385129B1 (en) 1989-03-03 1990-02-03 Short-trajectory projectile having means for reducing the range

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US5001986A (en)
EP (1) EP0385129B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02242099A (en)
CA (1) CA2008033A1 (en)
DE (1) DE59001332D1 (en)
IL (1) IL93209A0 (en)
NO (1) NO169308C (en)
ZA (1) ZA90940B (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5259319A (en) * 1992-03-20 1993-11-09 Richard Dravecky Reusable training ammunition
US5501155A (en) * 1994-10-24 1996-03-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Hollow training round
DE10338185A1 (en) * 2003-08-20 2005-03-24 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Projectile head for a practice cartridge
KR101043308B1 (en) * 2009-01-30 2011-06-22 국방과학연구소 Method for reducing ranges of test shell, fuse device for reducing ranges and test shell having the same
US9157713B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-10-13 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Limited range rifle projectile
US9212876B1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-12-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Large caliber frangible projectile
WO2015183371A2 (en) 2014-03-10 2015-12-03 Nostromo, Llc Ammunition cartridge with induced instability at a pre-set range
US11156442B1 (en) * 2018-10-11 2021-10-26 U.S. Government As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Dynamic instability reduced range round
EP3872438B1 (en) * 2020-02-27 2023-06-07 Rabuffo SA Ammunition cartridge
SE545006C2 (en) * 2020-05-22 2023-02-28 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Projectile

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1578227B1 (en) * 1966-07-26 1971-04-01 Fridolin Schroth Drop bomb with braking surface
CH532240A (en) * 1970-12-08 1972-12-31 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Short course floor
US3732826A (en) * 1971-04-09 1973-05-15 E Johnson Cartridge
US3952662A (en) * 1974-05-29 1976-04-27 Greenlees William D Non-lethal projectile for riot control
US4140061A (en) * 1977-06-06 1979-02-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Short-range discarding-sabot training practice round and self-destruct subprojectile therefor
DE2756420C2 (en) * 1977-12-17 1985-02-07 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Bullet with automatic splitting effect
BE882272A (en) * 1980-03-18 1980-09-18 Herstal Sa TRAINING AMMUNITION
DE3045129C2 (en) * 1980-11-29 1984-08-23 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Practice floor
US4413566A (en) * 1981-07-31 1983-11-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Non-ablative projectile heat sensitive nose
EP0090888A1 (en) * 1982-03-05 1983-10-12 The Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Improvements in or relating to sub-projectiles for discarding sabot practice shot
CH667723A5 (en) * 1984-03-23 1988-10-31 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Short range anti-tank practice shell - has mushroom shaped de-stabilising body extended from rear cavity when speed falls, retained by line
DE3422659A1 (en) * 1984-06-19 1985-12-19 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Projectile with a cylindrical tail contour

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02242099A (en) 1990-09-26
DE59001332D1 (en) 1993-06-09
IL93209A0 (en) 1990-11-05
ZA90940B (en) 1990-11-28
NO169308C (en) 1992-06-03
NO894830L (en) 1990-09-04
NO894830D0 (en) 1989-12-04
US5001986A (en) 1991-03-26
CA2008033A1 (en) 1990-09-03
NO169308B (en) 1992-02-24
EP0385129A1 (en) 1990-09-05

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