EP0383597B1 - Planar antenna - Google Patents
Planar antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0383597B1 EP0383597B1 EP19900301627 EP90301627A EP0383597B1 EP 0383597 B1 EP0383597 B1 EP 0383597B1 EP 19900301627 EP19900301627 EP 19900301627 EP 90301627 A EP90301627 A EP 90301627A EP 0383597 B1 EP0383597 B1 EP 0383597B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- planar antenna
- ground plane
- dielectric substrate
- antenna according
- plane plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
- H01Q21/0081—Stripline fed arrays using suspended striplines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
Description
- The present invention generally relates to planar antennas, and more particularly, to a planar antenna with an arrangement of a plurality of antenna elements which can receive a microwave directly transmitted, for example, from a broadcasting satellite.
- With the recent advance in space development techniques and telecommunication technology, the so-called Direct Broadcasting by Satellite (DBS) reception antenna system has acquired a greater importance in terms of industry. This kind of system includes a so-called parabolic antenna or a planar antenna as receiving means. Especially, the planar antenna has many advantages. As it is small in thickness, the planar antenna is not bulky and is easy to handle. Moreover, it is highly immune to damage by wind or snow, is easy to install, and has an appearance superior to the parabolic antenna. Therefore, there exists an increasing demand these days for further development and improvement in the planar antenna.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the DBS receiving system including a planar antenna. Referring to the diagram, a
planar antenna 20 generally includes a plurality ofantenna elements 22 arranged two-dimensionally and combined by afeeder 24. Anoutput terminal 26 of the feeder network is connected to aconverter 28 for converting frequency of a microwave transmitted from a broadcasting satellite (not shown) and received by theantenna elements 22 from about 12 GHz into about 1 GHz. Theconverter 28 is connected through acoaxial cable 30 to atuner 32, which is connected to atelevision set 34. - Referring to Fig. 1, operation of a general DBS receiving system will be described. A microwave transmitted from a broadcasting satellite (not shown) simultaneously reaches each of the
antenna elements 22 as a plane wave. Theantenna elements 22 are excited by the microwave so that high-frequency signals are induced therein. The high-frequency signals are entered in theconverter 28 through thefeeder 24. Thefeeder 24 will be selected to be of a length which allows the high-frequency signals from theantenna elements 22 to be combined in the same phase before being applied to theconverter 28. - The signals that have been converted to be of about 1 GHz frequency and amplified in the
converter 28 are applied to thetuner 32. Thetuner 32 extracts those on desired channels out of the signals that have been frequency-converted to be in the 1 GHz band, separates them into audio and video signals, and supplies them to thetelevision set 34. - A detailed description of the planar antenna is provided, for example, in "PLANAR ANTENNAS FOR SATELLITE RECEPTION" by Koichi Ito et al (IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BROADCASTING, Vol. 34, No. 4, December 1988, pp. 457-464). In the following, outline of a conventional planar antenna will be described.
- Referring to Fig. 3, an
antenna element 22 employed in the conventional planar antenna is a suspended line feeder antenna including adielectric substrate 42, aradiating element 36 formed of a conductor on one side of thedielectric substrate 42, afeeder 24, afirst ground plane 38 that is formed of a conductor, arranged to face the surface of thedielectric substrate 42 having theradiating element 36 formed thereon and has aprojection 46 extending to contact thedielectric substrate 42 on the periphery of theantenna element 22 and aradiation hole 44 for passing a microwave therethrough at a portion facing theradiating element 36, and asecond ground plane 40 that is formed of a conductor, arranged on the side opposite to thefirst ground plane 38 with respect to thedielectric substrate 42 and has aprojection 48 extending towards thedielectric substrate 42 for supporting, together with theprojection 46, the dielectric substrate therebetween. - Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an arrangement of the
radiating elements 36 and thefeeder 24. The planar antenna includes a two-dimensional arrangement of 200 to 1000antenna elements 22 shown in Fig. 3. - Referring to Fig. 3, the
antenna element 22 includes a microstrip resonator constituted of thedielectric substrate 42, theradiating element 36, thefirst ground plane 38 with theradiation hole 44, and thesecond ground plane 40. Thedielectric substrate 42 is supported by theprojections ground planes feeder 24 is supported by thedielectric substrate 42 in the air so as to reduce loss of the signals propagated through thefeeder 24. - The radiating
element 36 has dimensions to resonate to a radio wave of a frequency in the microwave band (about 12 GHz) employed in the DBS reception. That is, the radiatingelement 36 is a disc of a microwave-length multiplied by 1.84/π in diameter or a square with sides of about a half-microwave length. - The microwave transmitted from a broadcasting satellite (not shown) reaches the
radiating element 36 through theradiation hole 44 to excite it, inducing a high-frequency signal. The induced high-frequency signal is propagated through thefeeder 24 as described above and entered in theconverter 28 of Fig. 1. Since a number of high-frequency signals from theantenna elements 22 are combined in the same phase and entered in theconverter 28, reception of the satellite broadcast signal can be attained with good output. - The conventional planar antenna has, however, drawbacks as will be described below. Each antenna element is too small to provide high gain. Therefore, a number of antenna elements are necessary to receive the DBS with high-fidelity. A number of antenna elements need to be connected together for combining the outputs. This result in a longer feeder, increasing loss of the received signals in the feeder. In addition, as a number of antenna elements are closely arranged, mutual coupling occurs between the feeders and between the feeder and the antenna elements, also increasing loss of the received signals. Consequently, receiving efficiency of the conventional planar antenna has been low.
- EP-A-0 108 463 describes a planar antenna in which two layers clamp a dielectric sheet therebetween with no space between layer and sheet. Each antenna element has a circular aperture in one of the layers and a circular recess in the other layer, which together define a waveguide-like cavity. The dielectric sheet supports two transmission lines which extend, mutually orthogonal, into this cavity.
- EP-A-0 252 779 describes a planar antenna in which two self-supporting earth plates are disposed on respective sides of a dielectric sheet. The two plates have co-operating circular apertures at each antenna element, which expose a pair of mutually orthogonal transmission lines supported by the dielectric sheet. This structure may also include, on respective sides thereof, arrays of closed rear cavities and open front cavities, arranged in correspondence with the circular apertures.
- The present invention has been made to solve the aforementioned problems.
- An aspect of the present invention is to improve the receiving efficiency of a planar antenna.
- Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a planar antenna which can offer good reception with fewer antenna elements.
- Still another aspect of the present invention is to provide a planar antenna which can receive signals with a receiving efficiency improved by a smaller number of antenna elements that have been made to show higher gain.
- A further aspect of the present invention is to reduce loss of received signals in a feeder which derives them from antenna elements.
- A still further aspect of the present invention is to reduce in length a feeder which derives received signals from antenna elements.
- The invention provides a planar antenna for receiving incoming radio waves, comprising:
a dielectric substrate having a first surface and a second surface;
a first ground plane plate arranged to face said first surface with a predetermined first distance therebetween and having an arrangement of a plurality of openings which allow passage of said radio waves therethrough to reach said dielectric substrate;
a second ground plane plate arranged to face said second surface with a predetermined second distance therebetween;
an arrangement of a plurality of radiating elements formed on said first surface in correspondence with the arrangement of said plurality of openings each radiating element having a smaller area than that of the associated opening;
signal deriving means formed on said first surface for combining signals which have been induced by said radio waves in each of said radiating elements to derive an antenna output signal; and
waveguide means provided at each of said openings, said waveguide means being adapted to guide and concentrate said radio waves that arrive at the opening to and on said associated radiating element;
each of said waveguide means comprising sidewall members formed by portions of said first ground plane plate which extend from the periphery of said opening into the space defined by said first predetermined distance to define a waveguide path. - According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waveguide path defined by the sidewall members is in the form of a frustum which has said opening as a bottom surface and a second opening smaller than said opening as a top surface.
- Radio waves that have arrived at an opening of the first ground plane plate are guided by the waveguide means toward a radiating element and simultaneously concentrated thereon. That is, the incoming radio waves are guided by the waveguide path having a frustum configuration defined by the sidewall members, and applied to the radiating element through the second opening.
- The second opening has a smaller area than the opening of the first ground plane plate and the radio waves travelling in the waveguide path are reflected to be concentrated on the second opening. Therefore, the amount of the radio waves applied to the radiating element becomes larger when compared with a case where no such waveguide member is used. Accordingly, the amount of the signals induced in each of the radiating elements also becomes larger.
- With the planar antenna according to the present invention, the incoming radio waves can be received by a smaller number of radiating elements, providing the same outputs as in the conventional planar antenna. The reduction in number of radiating elements makes it possible to reduce the length of a signal deriving network such as a feeder which connects the radiating elements together to derive an antenna output signal. With the reduction of feeder length, the feeder loss is also reduced. Furthermore, since the radiating elements with enlarged spacings therebetween provide good output, mutual couplings between the radiating elements and the feeder or between the feeders are reduced in magnitude. As a result, the feeder loss is further reduced, improving receiving efficiency.
- Consequently, a planar antenna with an improved receiving efficiency can be provided.
- The foregoing and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
- Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional DBS reception system.
- Fig. 2 is a plan view of a plurality of radiating elements and feeders.
- Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a single antenna element of a conventional planar antenna.
- Fig. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a planar antenna according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a part of the planar antenna according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a partial fragmentary perspective view of the planar antenna according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a sectional side elevation of a first ground plane.
- Fig. 8A is a perspective view of a first member of the first ground plane.
- Fig. 8B is a perspective view of a second member of the first ground plane.
- Fig. 9 is a schematical diagram showing an arrangement of radiating elements, feeders and radiation holes of the planar antenna according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figs. 10 and 11A are plan views of the first member of the first ground plane.
- Figs. 11B and 11C are sectional views of the first member of the first ground plane.
- Figs. 12 and 13A are plan views of the second member of the first ground plane.
- Figs. 13B and 13C are sectional views of the second member of the first ground plane.
- Fig. 14 is a sectional view of an antenna element of a planar antenna according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 15 is a plan view of a first ground plane showing a radiation hole formed in a planar antenna according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 16 is a sectional view taken in the direction of the arrows XVI-XVI of Fig. 15.
- Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the first ground plane and the radiation hole shown in Figs. 15 and 16.
- Referring to Figs. 4 to 6, a
planar antenna 58 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes adielectric substrate 42 havingradiating elements 36 andfeeders 24 formed on one side, adielectric spacer 52 arranged on the side of thedielectric substrate 42 on which the radiatingelements 36 are formed, afirst ground plane 50 formed of a conductor to be arranged on thedielectric spacer 52 and having a plurality of radiation holes 66 of the same dimensions each formed in a position corresponding to one of the radiatingelements 36, adielectric spacer 54 arranged on the opposite side of thedielectric substrate 42 with respect to thefirst ground plane 50, and asecond ground plane 56 formed of a conductor arranged under thedielectric spacer 54. - The
first ground plane 50 includes afirst member 50a havingsquare openings 62 each of which is formed in a position corresponding to one of the radiatingelements 36, and asecond member 50b having openings 64 of the same configuration as that of theopenings 62. The first andsecond members openings - Referring to Fig. 8A, on any opposite sides of the
square opening 62 in thefirst member 50a, there is formed one pair ofisosceles trapezoid extensions opening 62. Similarly, referring to Fig. 8B, on the opposite sides of thesquare opening 64 that do not correspond to the sides of theextensions isosceles trapezoid extensions - The first and
second members dielectric spacer 52, thedielectric substrate 42, thedielectric spacer 54 and thesecond ground plane 56 are fixed to each other byscrews 60a to 60d at their corners. The first andsecond members openings first ground plane 50. Each one of theopenings 62 is superposed on one of theopenings 64 and forms aradiation hole 66, sides of which are defined by sidewalls 67 formed of one pair of theextensions extensions - Configuration and dimension of the
extensions radiation hole 66 has a sectional contour of a small square at the bottom (where thefirst ground plane 50 contacts the dielectric spacer 52) and a sectional contour of a large square at a surface of thefirst ground plane 50. Therefore, as shown in Figs. 5 to 7, theradiation hole 66 forms an electromagnetic horn which extends to take the form of a frustum of pyramid. - Referring to Fig. 9, an arrangement of the radiating
elements 36 and a circuit pattern of thefeeders 24 are formed on a dielectric substrate (not shown) by etching a conductive foil. Each of the radiatingelements 36 is a square with one side being of about a half-microwave length. The radiatingelements 36 and the radiation holes 66 are formed in such positions as will allow them to be superposed in a concentric relationship with each other in assembly. - In this preferred embodiment, each side of the radiating
element 36 and each side of the square section of theradiation hole 66 forms, for example, 45° with each other. While theoretically definite reasons therefor have not been found, it has been empirically known that this angle of 45° allows an antenna element to show a highest possible gain. The radiatingelement 36, together with thesecond ground plane 56, forms an unbalanced planar circuit resonator. - Referring to Figs. 2 to 9, operation of the planar antenna according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below. A microwave transmitted from a signal source such as a broadcasting satellite (not shown) reaches the
first ground plane 50 of theplanar antenna 58 as a planar wave. The microwave which has arrived at an opening of aradiation hole 66 in thefirst ground plane 50 further travels to the bottom of theradiation hole 66. At this time, such a microwave as having reachedsidewalls 67 of theradiation hole 66 is reflected there and further travels toward another opening formed in the bottom of theradiation hole 66 with its travelling direction changed. Therefore, inside theradiation hole 66, the waves reflected by the sidewalls and other direct waves are superposed and concentrated on the radiatingelement 36. - Since the radiating
elements 36 and thesecond ground plane 56 constitute a resonator, the radiatingelement 36 is excited by the microwave. In the radiatingelement 36, a high-frequency signal is induced by the incoming microwave. - The induced high-frequency signals are collected as received signals into the
converter 28 through thefeeders 24 as shown in Fig. 1. - In the planar antenna according to this preferred embodiment, the radiation holes 66 formed in the
first ground plane 50 serve as electromagnetic horns. Therefore, the radio waves that have arrived at a larger area than that of the radiatingelement 36 are concentrated on the radiatingelement 36 by theradiation hole 66. Accordingly, the radiatingelement 36 shows a higher gain, so that even a smaller number of the elements enables full reception of the microwaves. - Furthermore, since the antenna elements need not be arranged closely to each other, mutual couplings between the feeders and between the feeders and the radiating elements are reduced and thus loss of the received radio waves will be reduced. This enables also reduction in the entire length of the feeder, so that the loss of the received radio waves through the feeder will be further diminished.
- As shown in Fig. 9, if the
feeder 24 is arranged in a position where it is shielded by acavity 68 formed between adjacent tworadiation holes 66, the feeder loss can be further reduced. As a result, a planar antenna superior to the conventional one in its receiving efficiency can be obtained. - The first and
second members first member 50a, in which a punchedhole 62a as shown by hatching is formed by press work or the like. Thehole 62a has a form of a square with twoextensions - Referring to Figs. 11A to 11C, the two
isosceles trapezoids isosceles trapezoids opposite sides 67 of theradiation hole 66. - Referring to Figs. 12 to 13C, the
second member 50b also has ahole 64a formed therein which leaves likewise twoisosceles trapezoids isosceles trapezoids - The first and
second members first ground plane 50. Theisosceles trapezoids radiation hole 66. The angles formed between thesesidewalls 67 and thefirst ground plane 50 may be adjusted as desired by changing configuration of the punchedholes - In the preferred embodiment above, between the
dielectric substrate 42 and the first and second ground planes 50 and 56 there are interposed thedielectric spacers first ground plane 50, so that thosedielectric spacers - Meanwhile, circuit pattern of the
feeders 24 should be of different configurations depending on whether the microwave to be received is a right-handed circular-polarized wave or a left-handed one. These types of the circular-polarized waves assigned to the respective countries are predetermined. Further, on the circuit pattern of the feeders, there may be formed parts such as a chip resistor or an FET (Field Effect Transistor). - Referring to Fig. 14, there is shown an antenna element of a planar antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention. What is different in the antenna element shown in Fig. 14 from the conventional one in Fig. 3 is that below a
first ground plane 38 around aradiation hole 44 there is formed an electromagnetic horn defined by sidewalls 45. In Figs. 14 and 3, like parts are represented by like reference numerals and names. Since like parts have also like functions, detailed description thereof will not be repeated here. - Referring to Fig. 14, due to the electromagnetic horn formed by the
sidewalls 45, output of the radiatingelement 36 is increased when compared with that of the conventional one. Therefore, it is apparent that a planar antenna including the antenna elements according to this second preferred embodiment can receive microwaves at a high efficiency just as the planar antenna according to the first preferred embodiment. - According to the first preferred embodiment, the radiation holes 66 have a square section. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, but radiation holes formed on the first ground plane may have any section if only they can function as electromagnetic horns. Figs. 15 to 17 show the first ground plane of a planar antenna according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, where the radiation hole has not only a circular section but also corrugated sidewalls.
- Referring to Figs. 15 to 17, according to the third preferred embodiment, the
first ground plane 50 of the planar antenna has a plurality of funnel-shaped radiation holes 74 arranged therein. Theradiation hole 74 is in the form of a frustum of cone which is defined by asidewall 75 and has a circular opening formed in a surface of thefirst ground plane 50 as a bottom surface, and an apex toward a radiating element (not shown) cut off in a direction parallel with the surface of thefirst ground plane 50. The cut-off side of the frustum forms anotheropening 78 of theradiation hole 74. - Inside the
sidewall 75 of theradiation hole 74, there are formed fourannular projections 76a to 76d. - With the
first ground plane 50 having the radiation holes 74 of the configuration shown in Figs. 15 to 17, the objects of the present invention can also be achieved. In other words, by concentrating the microwaves incident on theopening 74 with a relatively large area on theother opening 78 with a relatively small area by theradiation hole 74 to apply them to a radiating element (not shown), gains of the radiating elements can be increased. As a result, a planar antenna with a good receiving efficiency can be provided as in the first embodiment. - Meanwhile, the
first ground plane 50 of this third preferred embodiment may be obtained by moulding, for example, a metallised plastic. It goes without saying that the radiation hole may have any shape such as a hexagon as well as a square or circular one.
Claims (15)
- A planar antenna for receiving incoming radio waves, comprising:
a dielectric substrate (42) having a first surface and a second surface;
a first ground plane plate (38,50) arranged to face said first surface with a predetermined first distance therebetween and having an arrangement of a plurality of openings (44,66,74) which allow passage of said radio waves therethrough to reach said dielectric substrate (42);
a second ground plane plate (40,56) arranged to face said second surface with a predetermined second distance therebetween;
an arrangement of a plurality of radiating elements (36) formed on said first surface in correspondence with the arrangement of said plurality of openings (44,66,74), each radiating element having a smaller area than that of the associated opening;
signal deriving means (24) formed on said first surface for combining signals which have been induced by said radio waves in each of said radiating elements (36) to derive an antenna output signal; and
waveguide means provided at each of said openings (44,66,74);
characterised by:
said waveguide means being adapted to guide and concentrate said radio waves that arrive at the opening (44,66,74) to and on said associated radiating element (36);
each of said waveguide means comprising sidewall members (45,67,75) formed by portions (67a,67b,67c, 67d) of said first ground plane plate which extend from the periphery of said opening into the space defined by said first predetermined distance to define a waveguide path. - The planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein said waveguide path defined by said sidewall members (45,67,75) is in the form of a frustum which has said opening (44,66,74) as a bottom surface and a second opening smaller than said opening (44,66,74) as a top surface.
- The planar antenna according to claim 2, wherein said frustum is a frustum of pyramid.
- The planar antenna according to claim 3, wherein said frustum is a frustum of quadrangular pyramid.
- The planar antenna according to claim 4, wherein said sidewall members comprise isosceles trapezoids (70a,70b,72a,72b).
- The planar antenna according to claim 5, wherein said first ground plane plate (50) comprises two superposed conductive plates (50a,50b) each having a respective said plurality of openings (62,64) and providing a respective pair of said sidewall members (70a,70b;72a,72b).
- The planar antenna according to claim 2, wherein said frustum is a frustum of cone.
- The planar antenna according to claim 7, wherein said waveguide means further comprises projections (76a to 76d) provided on the sides of said sidewall members (75) defining said waveguide path.
- The planar antenna according to claim 7 or claim 8, wherein said first ground plane plate (50) comprises metallised plastic.
- The planar antenna according to claim 1, further comprising first plate supporting means for supporting said first ground plane plate (38,50) in a position spaced said first distance apart from said dielectric substrate (42).
- The planar antenna according to claim 10, wherein said first plate supporting means comprises a dielectric layer (52) sandwiched between said first ground plane plate (50) and said dielectric substrate (42).
- The planar antenna according to claim 1, further comprising second plate supporting means for supporting said second ground plane plate (40,56) in a position spaced said second distance apart from said dielectric substrate (42).
- The planar antenna according to claim 12, wherein said second plate supporting means comprises a dielectric layer (54) sandwiched between said second ground plane plate (56) and said dielectric substrate (42).
- The planar antenna according to claim 1, further comprising dielectric substrate supporting means for supporting said dielectric substrate (42) spaced said first distance apart from said first ground plane plate (38) and spaced said second distance apart from said second ground plane plate (40).
- The planar antenna according to claim 14, wherein said dielectric substrate supporting means comprises:
a first projection member (46) provided on a surface of said first ground plane plate (38) which faces said dielectric substrate (42) to project and be in contact with said first surface of said dielectric substrate (42); and
a second projection member (48) provided on a surface of said second ground plane plate (40) which faces said dielectric substrate (42) to project in association with said first projection member (46) and be in contact with said second surface of said dielectric substrate (42) for supporting, together with said first projection member (46), said dielectric substrate (42) in a suspended manner therebetween.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3558389A JPH02214303A (en) | 1989-02-15 | 1989-02-15 | Planar array antenna |
JP35583/89 | 1989-02-15 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0383597A2 EP0383597A2 (en) | 1990-08-22 |
EP0383597A3 EP0383597A3 (en) | 1991-01-02 |
EP0383597B1 true EP0383597B1 (en) | 1995-05-10 |
Family
ID=12445791
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19900301627 Expired - Lifetime EP0383597B1 (en) | 1989-02-15 | 1990-02-15 | Planar antenna |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0383597B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH02214303A (en) |
AU (1) | AU631599B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69019194T2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4139245A1 (en) * | 1991-11-26 | 1993-05-27 | Ekkehard Dr Ing Richter | Small flat microwave slot aerial - has sec. transmitter structure of alternate dielectric and conductive layers |
US6034647A (en) * | 1998-01-13 | 2000-03-07 | Raytheon Company | Boxhorn array architecture using folded junctions |
US6140965A (en) * | 1998-05-06 | 2000-10-31 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Broad band patch antenna |
CA2478647A1 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2003-09-12 | Atrax As | Antenna |
CN104377450B (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2016-12-28 | 清华大学 | Waveguide trumpet array and method thereof and antenna system |
US10361476B2 (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2019-07-23 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Antenna structures for wireless communications |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4626865A (en) * | 1982-11-08 | 1986-12-02 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Antenna element for orthogonally-polarized high frequency signals |
FR2592233B1 (en) * | 1985-12-20 | 1988-02-12 | Radiotechnique Compelec | PLANE ANTENNA HYPERFREQUENCES RECEIVING SIMULTANEOUSLY TWO POLARIZATIONS. |
FR2596585B1 (en) * | 1986-03-26 | 1988-09-16 | Alcatel Thomson Faisceaux | NETWORK ANTENNA ON PRINTED CIRCUIT |
ES2046211T3 (en) * | 1986-06-05 | 1994-02-01 | Emmanuel Rammos | ANTENNA ELEMENT WITH A SUSPENDED MICRO-TAPE BETWEEN TWO MASS FLATS PERFORATED PERFORATED RADIANT HOLES, AND MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE. |
US4990926A (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1991-02-05 | Sony Corporation | Microwave antenna structure |
AU624342B2 (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1992-06-11 | Sony Corporation | Microwave antenna structure |
WO1989009501A1 (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1989-10-05 | British Satellite Broadcasting Limited | Flat plate array antenna |
-
1989
- 1989-02-15 JP JP3558389A patent/JPH02214303A/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-02-13 AU AU49740/90A patent/AU631599B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-02-15 DE DE1990619194 patent/DE69019194T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-02-15 EP EP19900301627 patent/EP0383597B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69019194D1 (en) | 1995-06-14 |
EP0383597A2 (en) | 1990-08-22 |
DE69019194T2 (en) | 1995-12-07 |
AU631599B2 (en) | 1992-12-03 |
JPH02214303A (en) | 1990-08-27 |
EP0383597A3 (en) | 1991-01-02 |
AU4974090A (en) | 1990-08-23 |
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