EP0381573B1 - Système de stabilisation mécanique à contre-rotation à rotors séparés - Google Patents

Système de stabilisation mécanique à contre-rotation à rotors séparés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0381573B1
EP0381573B1 EP90400248A EP90400248A EP0381573B1 EP 0381573 B1 EP0381573 B1 EP 0381573B1 EP 90400248 A EP90400248 A EP 90400248A EP 90400248 A EP90400248 A EP 90400248A EP 0381573 B1 EP0381573 B1 EP 0381573B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
support
working
bearings
reaction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90400248A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0381573A1 (fr
Inventor
Gérard Atlas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe Europeenne de Propulsion SEP SA
Original Assignee
Societe Europeenne de Propulsion SEP SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Europeenne de Propulsion SEP SA filed Critical Societe Europeenne de Propulsion SEP SA
Publication of EP0381573A1 publication Critical patent/EP0381573A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0381573B1 publication Critical patent/EP0381573B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/24—Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control
    • B64G1/28—Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control using inertia or gyro effect
    • B64G1/283—Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control using inertia or gyro effect using reaction wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/24—Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control
    • B64G1/244—Spacecraft control systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/24—Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control
    • B64G1/28—Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control using inertia or gyro effect

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a mechanical stabilization system with counter-rotation with separate rotors, comprising a support to be stabilized, a useful rotor mounted on the support using bearings and secured to a useful member including at least one parameter. associated with the rotation of the useful rotor is variable as a function of time, a first electric motor interposed between the support and the useful rotor to ensure the rotational drive of the useful rotor, the first motor comprising polar ground masses secured to the support, a opposing rotor, a second motor for driving the opposing rotor, a detector interposed between the useful rotor and the support for measuring said parameter associated with the rotation of the useful rotor to which a predetermined law of motion is imposed as a function of time, and a first control circuit receiving the signals emitted by the first detector to modify the operating characteristics of u first motor so as to comply with said predetermined movement law for the useful rotor.
  • Such disturbances can generally be considered negligible when the support has a large mass, as is the case for example for a large ship.
  • the disturbances become substantial and must be compensated for, if the support has a relatively reduced mass or must maintain a very precise position. This is particularly the case for satellites having to maintain a well-defined attitude in orbit or subject to microgravity requirements: systems on board a satellite, such as antenna rotation systems or non-constant speed solar panels tend to intolerably disturb the stability of the satellite in the absence of stabilization systems.
  • a counter-rotation movement is imparted to a reaction wheel incorporated in the gyroscopic platform and provided with a shaft coaxial with the axis of the gyroscopic platform and driven in rotation in opposite direction with respect to the latter using an electric reaction wheel motor, the stator of which is mounted on the gyroscopic platform and the rotor is integral with said coaxial shaft.
  • a second direct drive motor whose stator is integral with the support and the rotor is integral with the axis of the gyroscopic platform is used both for driving the gyroscopic platform to give it a angular position or a speed of rotation according to a predetermined law and to compensate for parasitic torques due to friction in the bearings or to the presence of electric supply cables which prevent angular rotations greater than 2 ⁇ radians.
  • the control circuit associated with the electric reaction wheel motor has a bandwidth located in a higher frequency range than the bandwidth of the control circuits associated with the direct drive motor.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks and to allow the production of a mechanical stabilization device more convenient to implement, more precise, less bulky and which allows a widening of possible applications.
  • a mechanical stabilization system with counter-rotation with separate rotors comprising a support to be stabilized, a useful rotor mounted on the support using bearings and secured to a useful member including at least one parameter. associated with the rotation of the useful rotor is variable as a function of time, a first motor interposed between the support and the useful rotor to ensure the rotational drive of the useful rotor, the first motor comprising polar masses wound integral with the support, a rotor antagonist, a second motor for driving the antagonist rotor, a detector interposed between the useful rotor and the support for measuring said parameter associated with the rotation of the useful rotor to which a predetermined law of motion is imposed as a function of time, and a first servo circuit receiving the signals emitted by the first detector to modify the operating characteristics of the first motor r so as to comply with said predetermined law of motion for the useful rotor, characterized in that the opposing rotor is mounted on the support by means of bearing
  • the alignment of the useful rotor and the opposing rotor independently mounted by means of bearings on the support is achieved by means of a monobloc sheath secured to the support on which all the bearings are mounted.
  • the alignment of the useful rotor and of the opposing rotor independently mounted by means of bearings on the support is achieved by means of two sleeves connected to each other by nested flanges made integral with the support, the support bearings of the useful rotor and of the opposing rotor being mounted respectively on each of said sleeves.
  • the useful rotor and the opposing rotor are partially nested one inside the other in a coaxial manner, the opposing rotor is mounted inside the useful rotor, the second motor being interposed between the support and the opposing rotor in a cantilevered part of said opposing rotor and the support bearings of the opposing rotor are mounted on the useful rotor, the bearings of which are themselves mounted on the support to be stabilized so as to define a rotating assembly of reduced bulk.
  • the opposing rotor is connected to the support by means of the useful rotor, but the movements of the opposing rotor remain independently controlled by the second electric motor, the coiled pole masses of which are fixed directly to the support.
  • the invention can be applied to various rotary assemblies mounted on support structures on land, at sea, in the air, in the sea, in space with or without the presence of gravity forces.
  • the support consists of a satellite or a space station and the useful member mounted on the useful rotor consists of a rotating member such as an antenna or a solar panel.
  • FIG. 1 the schematic representation of a rotating assembly comprising a useful rotor 10 to which is attached by a shaft 11 extending axially the useful rotor 10 a useful member 1 such as an antenna for example, whose angular position or a another parameter linked to the rotation of the useful rotor 10, such as the torque, the acceleration or the speed must be continuously adjusted according to a predetermined law, without disturbances being transmitted to the support 6 on which the useful rotor 10 is mounted, for example at the level of the shaft 11, by means of bearings 12, 13 for example of the bearings type.
  • a useful member 1 such as an antenna for example
  • an opposing rotor 21 to which is attached an opposing inertia member 20 is mounted on the support 6 using bearings 22, 23 which can be of the bearing type and undergoes an actively controlled movement in the opposite direction to that of the useful rotor 10 and of a value such that the support 6 does not undergo disturbance generated by the various moving members , that is to say that the variations in overall angular momentum felt by the support are zero.
  • a first electric motor 3 controlled by first electronic control circuits not shown in the drawing is interposed between the useful rotor 10 and the support 6 and contributes to imparting to the useful rotor 10 and to the useful member 1 a rotational movement controlled according to variable and predetermined movement parameters evolving over time.
  • a second electric motor 4 controlled by second control circuits not shown in the drawings drives the opposing rotor 21 and consequently the reaction member 20 in the opposite direction to the useful rotor 10. Thanks to the slave motors 3 and 4 the useful rotor 10 and the opposing rotor 21 are driven relative to the support 6 of opposite direction speeds according to a ratio which results from the equality of the kinetic moments acquired by each of these rotors 10.21 of so as to maintain zero the total angular momentum.
  • a detector 33 (which has only been shown in FIGS. 3 to 5) is interposed between the useful rotor 10 and the support 6. This detector measures the parameter (for example: speed, or torque, or acceleration) associated with the movement of the useful rotor 10, to which we want to impose a predetermined law as a function of time. The value of this parameter, measured by the detector 33, is transmitted to the servo circuits which modify the appropriate operating characteristics of the motor 3, so as to comply with the predetermined law of motion for the useful rotor 10. Whatever this law is , the rotation of the opposing rotor 21 prevents disturbances being transmitted to the support 6.
  • the parameter for example: speed, or torque, or acceleration
  • a detector 44 (which has only been shown in FIGS. 3 to 5) is interposed between the support 6 and the opposing rotor 21 (FIG. 3 to 5) to provide information to the control circuits associated with the second electric motor 4 , which control circuits are synchronous to the control circuits of the main motor 3.
  • each electric motor 3, 4 comprises a rotor frame 32, 42 without windings mounted on the corresponding rotor 10, 21 and pole masses 31, 41 provided with windings fixed on the support 6
  • connection between the electrical power sources and the motors 3, 4 can be very simplified and produced by static conductors and the amplitude of the rotations of each of the rotors is in no way limited by connection wires. .
  • the maximum positive or negative angles which the useful rotor 10 and the opposing rotor 21 can travel are practically unlimited and can constitute a large number of turns.
  • the invention applies quite well to the case where the moment of inertia JA of the opposing rotor 21 is substantially less than the moment of inertia JU of the useful rotor 10, which imposes on the opposing rotor 21 large amplitudes which can reach a large number of turns.
  • the opposing rotor 21 and the opposing inertia member 20 constitute with the armature 42 of the motor 4 and the bearings 22 , 23 a rotating assembly with a mass significantly lower than the rotating assembly constituted by the useful rotor 10, the useful member 1, the armature 32 of the motor 3, and the bearings 12, 13, which also makes it possible to operates a motor 4 of substantially smaller size than the motor 3 and therefore does not significantly increase the overall mass of the system.
  • the speed of rotation of the opposing rotor 21 must be higher than that of the useful rotor 10.
  • FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the alignment of the useful rotor 10 and of the opposing rotor 21 mounted independently by means of bearings 12, 13 resp. 22, 23 on the support 6 is produced by two sleeves 61, 62 interconnected by flanges 63, 64 fitted together by a pin system, for example of the tenon 65 - mortise 66 type, the flanges 63, 64 being themselves fixed to the body of the support 6, not shown, by traditional fixing means 7.
  • the bearings 12, 13 and 22, 23 for supporting the useful rotor 10 and the opposing rotor 21 are mounted respectively on each of the sleeves 61, 62, and the coaxiality of the rotors 10 and 21 is thus ensured in a precise manner while retaining the convenience of mounting and control of the rotors 10, 21 and of the associated motors 3, 4 which remain independent of each other.
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment aiming to present the same advantages as the embodiment of FIG. 4 with regard to ensuring the coaxiality of the rotors 10 and 21.
  • the alignment of the useful rotor 10 and of the opposing rotor 21 mounted independently using the bearings 12, 13 resp. 22, 23 on the support 6 is produced by a monobloc sleeve 60 fixed to the body of the support 6, not shown, by connection means 7, and on which are mounted all of the bearings 12, 13 and 22, 23 .
  • FIG. 2 relates to a second embodiment of the invention in which the useful rotor 110, 111 and the opposing rotor 121, to which the useful member 1 and the opposing inertia member 20 are connected respectively, are each driven by a motor 3, 4 comprising a rotor frame without windings 132 resp. 142 secured respectively to the useful rotor 110 and to the opposing rotor 121 and to the pole masses with windings 131, resp. 141 mounted on the support 6.
  • FIG. 2 has a greater compactness than the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5 insofar as, while cooperating with a motor 4, the stator 141 is mounted on the support 6, the opposing rotor 121 is partially fitted into the useful rotor 110 and is mounted inside the latter using bearings 122, 123, the motor 4 and the member d antagonistic inertia 20 being mounted in cantilever on the antagonistic rotor 121.
  • the useful rotor 110 is itself mounted on the support 6, as in the other embodiments, using bearings 112, 113 which may for example be ball bearings, but could also, as in the other embodiments, be constituted for example by magnetic bearings or by gas bearings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP90400248A 1989-01-31 1990-01-30 Système de stabilisation mécanique à contre-rotation à rotors séparés Expired - Lifetime EP0381573B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8901217 1989-01-31
FR8901217A FR2642552B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1989-01-31 1989-01-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0381573A1 EP0381573A1 (fr) 1990-08-08
EP0381573B1 true EP0381573B1 (fr) 1994-06-01

Family

ID=9378316

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90400248A Expired - Lifetime EP0381573B1 (fr) 1989-01-31 1990-01-30 Système de stabilisation mécanique à contre-rotation à rotors séparés

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5042753A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0381573B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA2008305A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE69009209T2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2057459T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2642552B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5692707A (en) * 1995-05-15 1997-12-02 Hughes Aircraft Company Universal spacecraft attitude steering control system
US5751078A (en) * 1996-10-03 1998-05-12 Lockheed Martin Corp. Missiles & Space Reactionless, momentum compensated payload positioner
US6107770A (en) * 1998-01-27 2000-08-22 Lockheed Martin Corporation Control system for counter-oscillating masses
GB0130021D0 (en) * 2001-12-15 2002-02-06 Renishaw Plc Reaction balanced rotary drive mechanism
US9090361B2 (en) * 2011-11-05 2015-07-28 Spacedesign Corporation Space vehicle comprising a multiple passenger bay module
US10155598B2 (en) 2011-11-05 2018-12-18 Spacedesign Corporation Commercially feasible method of flying repeated orbital missions using a space vehicle

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3341151A (en) * 1965-07-23 1967-09-12 Kampinsky Abe Apparatus providing a directive field pattern and attitude sensing of a spin stabilized satellite
US4219107A (en) * 1977-12-13 1980-08-26 Nasa Speed control device for a heavy duty shaft
DE2829432A1 (de) * 1978-07-05 1980-01-24 Peter Dr Kuemmel Kreiseldrallantrieb
US4230294A (en) * 1979-07-23 1980-10-28 Rca Corporation Closed loop roll control for momentum biased satellites
JPS61502740A (ja) * 1984-07-20 1986-11-27 ヒユ−ズ・エアクラフト・カンパニ− 章動制御サブシステムを有する回転安定化衛星
US4723735A (en) * 1984-12-28 1988-02-09 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Energy storage attitude control and reference system
US4752884A (en) * 1985-07-18 1988-06-21 Hughes Aircraft Company Precision platform pointing controller for a dual-spin spacecraft
US4824052A (en) * 1987-06-18 1989-04-25 Hughes Aircraft Company Nutation sensor and nutation control system for a dual-spin stabilized satellite

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2057459T3 (es) 1994-10-16
US5042753A (en) 1991-08-27
EP0381573A1 (fr) 1990-08-08
CA2008305A1 (en) 1990-07-31
FR2642552B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1991-05-24
DE69009209T2 (de) 1994-09-29
FR2642552A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-08-03
DE69009209D1 (de) 1994-07-07

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