EP0381192B1 - Ventilation device for roofs - Google Patents

Ventilation device for roofs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0381192B1
EP0381192B1 EP90101911A EP90101911A EP0381192B1 EP 0381192 B1 EP0381192 B1 EP 0381192B1 EP 90101911 A EP90101911 A EP 90101911A EP 90101911 A EP90101911 A EP 90101911A EP 0381192 B1 EP0381192 B1 EP 0381192B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air permeation
region
flaps
cap
cap according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP90101911A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0381192A1 (en
Inventor
Fritz Gödl
Hubert Rickert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Scheffler & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Norm AMC AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19893903157 external-priority patent/DE3903157C2/en
Priority claimed from DE19893913994 external-priority patent/DE3913994A1/en
Application filed by Norm AMC AG filed Critical Norm AMC AG
Publication of EP0381192A1 publication Critical patent/EP0381192A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0381192B1 publication Critical patent/EP0381192B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/17—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for
    • E04D13/174—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for on the ridge of the roof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fan cap to be provided in the ridge or ridge area for rear ventilation of roofs with a fastening area, a central area having air passage openings and an edge area, the air passage openings being designed as chimney-like elongated hole openings running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cap and the opening planes of the air passage openings preferably at least essentially parallel run to the level of the central area.
  • Fan caps of the type in question have been known for some time; they are arranged in the ridge or ridge area of a roof to avoid possible damage caused by moisture formation.
  • the air inlet or outlet openings for such roofs are generally provided in the eaves and ridge area.
  • a fan cap of the type in question in which the air passage openings are approximately rectangular and the longer side of which runs parallel to the ridge.
  • the air passage openings are surrounded by an upstanding bead. Starting from this edge bead provided near the top of the cap, the air passage openings extend like a chimney far below the cap underside, air holes being provided in the walls delimiting the air passage openings to ensure an air flow.
  • a fan cap is known ( DE - A - 35 11 798 ), in which the edge region is profiled at right angles in the longitudinal direction in a meandering or undulating manner. This creates depressions that form the air flow channels. Chimney-like air passage openings are provided in the central area.
  • the known fan cap, from which the invention is based, is not optimally designed in terms of flow technology, so that the desired vacuum formation, which is necessary for adequate ventilation of a roof space, is not always guaranteed under certain conditions. If this necessary vacuum formation is not achieved, however, the roof space is inadequately vented so that moisture remains in it, which can lead to considerable damage to the roof structure over time.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing and developing the known fan cap in such a way that a very pronounced vacuum formation is achieved largely independently of the respective inflow direction and in particular also with low inflow and thus a particularly effective roof ventilation is achieved.
  • the problem outlined above is now achieved in that at least some of the air passage openings are preceded by a pivotally mounted flap, which can be pivoted in the event of an inflow from the outside into a position which changes the free flow cross section for the incoming air and can be reset in particular by its own weight. Due to this design, flow and pressure conditions always arise with inflows from the most varied directions, which particularly effectively promote the desired air circulation from the inside to the outside.
  • the flaps are pivoted when there is an air flow, this constant pivoting also ensuring mobility in the long term.
  • the flaps can be pivoted about horizontal axes or also about vertical axes. In the case of a pivotable mounting about vertical axes, several, preferably two, partial flaps can also be provided per air passage opening.
  • transverse webs on the outer surface of the cap, in particular to support the ridge tiles, and to arrange the air passage openings and the associated flaps between two such webs.
  • the webs running in the transverse direction promote the lifting of the flaps and always ensure clear flow guidance.
  • the fan cap according to the invention is advantageously of central symmetry, at least when viewed in the longitudinal direction. If the fan cap is flowed against from one side, the flaps on this side are raised, while the flaps on the other, opposite, outflow side remain in their starting position.
  • the fastening area 1 is provided on the edge with a gradation 13 of, for example, approximately 1 mm, the width of which is selected such that the non-stepped central area is approximately 30 mm and the entire central area is approximately 50 mm, so that adapted supports for different beam widths are created.
  • a gradation 13 of, for example, approximately 1 mm, the width of which is selected such that the non-stepped central area is approximately 30 mm and the entire central area is approximately 50 mm, so that adapted supports for different beam widths are created.
  • the central region 2 of the fan cap which is made of plastic material, is particularly important for the desired cap suction function, since the air passage openings 4 designed as elongated holes are provided here.
  • the air passage openings 4 are designed like a chimney, whereby the suction function is considerably improved, and extend in the form of an elongated row of holes with a small mutual distance over the length of the cap.
  • the mouth plane 5 of each air passage opening 4 runs essentially parallel to the plane of the central region 2, and the longitudinal walls 7, 8 of the individual air passage openings 4 have different inclinations with respect to the plane of the central region 2, such that in the direction of the flow running from the inside to the outside sets a predeterminable reduction in cross-section.
  • the longitudinal wall 7 of the air passage opening 4 located on the outer edge is more inclined than the opposite longitudinal wall 8.
  • the edge region 3 is provided with support bumps 10 which are formed from the material of the edge region 3 by appropriate deformation.
  • the support bumps 10 can have different heights depending on the particular application; however, it is sufficient to provide two support hump heights, for example support hump 10 with a height of 6 mm or support hump 10 with a height of 12 mm.
  • the support bumps 10 preferably have a more inclined wall on the inflow side than the side facing the central region 2, where the boundary wall can run perpendicular to the plane of the edge region 3.
  • the outer edge of the edge region 3 is preferably angled at an obtuse angle, so that an edge strip 12, for example 3 mm wide, is formed.
  • a spoiler strip 11 is provided, which extends over the length of the fan cap.
  • the height of the spoiler strip 11 is less than the height of the longitudinal walls 7, 8 of the air passage openings 4 and is preferably about 3 mm.
  • the spoiler strip 11 is expediently inward by approximately 15 °, ie. H. inclined towards the air passage openings 4.
  • the fastening region 1 and the central region 2 together form an angle of approximately 150 °, and the edge region 3 expediently forms an angle of approximately 45 ° with the horizontal.
  • the air passage openings 4 are always located at the same outer point in relation to the different ridge tiles used in practice, and thus the desired and required vacuum is guaranteed for each type of ridge tile. This is achieved by changing the width dimension V of the central region 2 in accordance with the respective requirements, but always keeping the distance K between the outer edge of the cap and the air passage openings 4 constant.
  • the dimension V can be 40/50/60/70 mm, but the dimension K remains unchanged.
  • Fig. 2 shows the fan cap according to Fig. 1 from above.
  • the through openings 4 which run along a longitudinal line and which can be provided in the region of their center with a connecting or stiffening web 14 which is located in the region of the mouth plane 5 of the air through openings 4.
  • the support bumps 10 are each located in the area between two successive air passage openings 4 and in the middle area in between.
  • the fastening area 1 is provided with a plurality of openings 15 which are at the same mutual distance.
  • the effective slot width of an air passage opening 4 is preferably 12 mm and the slot length of an air passage opening 4 is 125 mm, the arrangement being such that there is a fan cross-sectional area of 105 cm 2 on one side of the cap; this dimensioning produces particularly good values, even when there is a pronounced acute-angle flow against the air passage openings 4 in practice.
  • the mutual spacing of the air passage openings 4 which follow one another in a line is expediently approximately 15 mm, while an open area of slightly more than 30 mm is provided at the end regions of the respective cap, which can be used for overlapping.
  • FIG. 3 now shows a section of a fan cap according to the teaching of the invention, namely with flaps 16 provided on the fan cap.
  • a pivotably mounted flap 16 is connected upstream of each air passage opening 4.
  • the flaps 16 can be pivoted in the event of an inflow from the outside into a position which changes the free flow cross section for the inflowing air.
  • the free air flow cross section which results between the outer cap surface and the ridge tiles (not shown) which overlap it is preferably reduced by the flaps 16 pivoted in the direction of their end position (their starting position is shown).
  • the flaps 16 are each pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis 18.
  • the pivot axes 18 are adjacent to the air passage openings 4, which are designed as elongated holes and extend in the longitudinal direction of the cap. Furthermore, the flaps 16 are aligned parallel to the elongated air passage openings 4.
  • Transverse webs 20 are provided on the outer surface of the cap. The webs 20 extend approximately from the central region 2 to approximately the lower edge of the respective edge region 3.
  • the air passage openings 4 and the associated flaps 16 are each arranged between two such webs 20.
  • the webs 20 are preferably also designed to support the ridge tiles (not shown).
  • the air passage openings 4 have a chimney-like shape. Here they have the chimney-like air openings 4 delimiting longitudinal walls 7, 8 have a lower height than the associated flaps 16.
  • projections 22 are provided to limit the pivoting movement of the flaps 16.
  • the flaps 16 are somewhat longer than the air passage openings 4 designed as elongated hole openings.
  • the projections 22 are each arranged on the two sides of the air passage openings 4.
  • the height of the projections 22 corresponds at least substantially to the height of the flaps 16, but is less than the height of the webs 20, which preferably support the ridge tiles.
  • the pivot axes 18 of the flaps 16 directly adjacent to the air passage openings 4 are mounted in the webs 20.
  • recesses are provided in the webs 20, the cross-section of which is substantially larger than that of the pivot axis 18 in question.
  • the height of the flaps 16 corresponds at least essentially to the width of the air passage openings 4 measured in the transverse direction of the cap.
  • Fig. 3 shows the flaps 16 in their starting position. In this starting position, the flaps 16 are still a slight distance from the outer surface of the cap in order to form a gap, so that the air flow can act on the flaps from below and lift them up. Because of the central symmetrical design seen in the longitudinal direction, the flaps 16 are accordingly raised on the wind inflow side, while they remain in their initial position on the wind downstream side. The flaps 16 are each reset by their own weight. In principle, however, it is also conceivable to make the necessary provision for. B. ensure by spring elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Self-Closing Valves And Venting Or Aerating Valves (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

A ventilation device for roofs is described, which possesses a plurality of individual ducts (4) in the form of elongated holes and lying in a row, in front of which ducts are arranged flaps (16) which are preferably pivotably mounted and which can pivot, when subjected to an incident flow from outside, into a position which changes the free flow cross-section. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine im First- oder Gratbereich vorzusehende Lüfterkappe zur Hinterlüftung von Dächern mit einem Befestigungsbereich, einem Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen aufweisenden Mittelbereich und einem Randbereich, wobei die Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen als kaminartige, parallel zur Kappenlängsrichtung verlaufende Langlochöffnungen ausgebildet sind und die Mündungsebenen der Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen vorzugsweise zumindest im wesentlichen parallel zur Ebene des Mittelbereichs verlaufen.The invention relates to a fan cap to be provided in the ridge or ridge area for rear ventilation of roofs with a fastening area, a central area having air passage openings and an edge area, the air passage openings being designed as chimney-like elongated hole openings running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cap and the opening planes of the air passage openings preferably at least essentially parallel run to the level of the central area.

Lüfterkappen der in Rede stehenden Art sind seit geraumer Zeit bekannt; sie werden im First- oder Gratbereich eines Daches angeordnet, um mögliche Schädigungen durch Feuchtebildung zu vermeiden. Die Lufteintritts- bzw. Luftaustrittsöffnungen für solche Dächer sind im allgemeinen im Trauf- und Firstbereich vorgesehen.Fan caps of the type in question have been known for some time; they are arranged in the ridge or ridge area of a roof to avoid possible damage caused by moisture formation. The air inlet or outlet openings for such roofs are generally provided in the eaves and ridge area.

Im Stand der Technik, von dem die Erfindung ausgeht (DE - U - 87 13 110), ist eine Lüfterkappe der in Rede stehenden Art bekannt, bei der die Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen etwa rechteckig ausgebildet sind und deren längere Seite parallel zum First verläuft. Zur Verhinderung des Einfließens von Wasser in die Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen sind die Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen von einem nach oben überstehenden Randwulst umgeben. Ausgehend von diesem nahe der Kappenoberseite vorgesehenen Randwulst erstrecken sich die Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen kaminartig bis weit unter die Kappenunterseite, wobei in den die Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen begrenzenden Wandungen Luftlöcher zur Gewährleistung einer Luftströmung vorgesehen sind.In the prior art, from which the invention is based ( DE-U-87 13 110 ), a fan cap of the type in question is known, in which the air passage openings are approximately rectangular and the longer side of which runs parallel to the ridge. In order to prevent water from flowing into the air passage openings, the air passage openings are surrounded by an upstanding bead. Starting from this edge bead provided near the top of the cap, the air passage openings extend like a chimney far below the cap underside, air holes being provided in the walls delimiting the air passage openings to ensure an air flow.

Weiterhin ist eine Lüfterkappe bekannt (DE - A - 35 11 798), bei der der Randbereich in Längsrichtung rechtwinklig mäanderförmig oder wellenförmig profiliert ist. Hierdurch entstehen Vertiefungen, die die Luftströmungskanäle bilden. Im Mittelbereich sind kaminartige Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen vorgesehen.Furthermore, a fan cap is known ( DE - A - 35 11 798 ), in which the edge region is profiled at right angles in the longitudinal direction in a meandering or undulating manner. This creates depressions that form the air flow channels. Chimney-like air passage openings are provided in the central area.

Die bekannte Lüfterkappe, von der die Erfindung ausgeht, ist strömungstechnisch nicht optimal ausgebildet, so daß die gewünschte Unterdruckbildung, die für eine ausreichende Entlüftung eines Bedachungsraumes notwendig ist, unter bestimmten Bedingungen nicht immer gewährleistet ist. Wird diese notwendige Unterdruckbildung aber nicht erzielt, so wird der Bedachungsraum unzureichend entlüftet, so daß in diesem Feuchtigkeit verbleibt, was im Laufe der Zeit zu einer erheblichen Schädigung der Dachkonstruktion führen kann.The known fan cap, from which the invention is based, is not optimally designed in terms of flow technology, so that the desired vacuum formation, which is necessary for adequate ventilation of a roof space, is not always guaranteed under certain conditions. If this necessary vacuum formation is not achieved, however, the roof space is inadequately vented so that moisture remains in it, which can lead to considerable damage to the roof structure over time.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, die bekannte Lüfterkappe derart auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, daß weitestgehend unabhängig von der jeweiligen Anströmrichtung und insbesondere auch bei geringer Anströmung eine sehr ausgepragte Unterdruckausbildung erreicht und damit eine besonders wirksame Dachhinterlüftung erzielt wird.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing and developing the known fan cap in such a way that a very pronounced vacuum formation is achieved largely independently of the respective inflow direction and in particular also with low inflow and thus a particularly effective roof ventilation is achieved.

Die zuvor aufgezeigte Aufgabe ist nun dadurch gelöst, daß zumindest einem Teil der Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen jeweils eine schwenkbar gelagerte, bei einer Anströmung von außen in eine den freien Strömungsquerschnitt für die anströmende Luft verändernde Stellung schwenkbare und insbesondere durch das Eigengewicht rückstellbare Klappe vorgeschaltet ist. Aufgrund dieser Ausbildung ergeben sich bei Anströmungen aus den unterschiedlichsten Richtungen stets solche Strömungs- und Druckverhältnisse, welche die angestrebte Luftzirkulation von innen nach außen besonders wirksam fördern. Die Klappen werden bei einer Luftanströmung verschwenkt, wobei dieses ständige Schwenken auch die Beweglichkeit auf Dauer sicherstellt. Hierbei können die Klappen um horizontale Achsen oder auch um vertikale Achsen verschwenkbar gelagert sein. Im Falle einer schwenkbaren Lagerung um vertikale Achsen können auch mehrere, vorzugsweise zwei Teilklappen je Luftdurchtrittsöffnung vorgesehen sein.The problem outlined above is now achieved in that at least some of the air passage openings are preceded by a pivotally mounted flap, which can be pivoted in the event of an inflow from the outside into a position which changes the free flow cross section for the incoming air and can be reset in particular by its own weight. Due to this design, flow and pressure conditions always arise with inflows from the most varied directions, which particularly effectively promote the desired air circulation from the inside to the outside. The flaps are pivoted when there is an air flow, this constant pivoting also ensuring mobility in the long term. The flaps can be pivoted about horizontal axes or also about vertical axes. In the case of a pivotable mounting about vertical axes, several, preferably two, partial flaps can also be provided per air passage opening.

Gemäß einer zweckmäßigen Ausführungsvariante ist vorgesehen, daß der sich zwischen der Kappenaußenfläche und den diese übergreifenden Firstziegeln ergebende freie Luftströmungsquerschnitt durch die in Richtung auf ihre Endlage hin verschwenkten Klappen vermindert ist. Die den Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen vorgeschalteten Klappen sind bevorzugt den Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen unmittelbar benachbart.According to an expedient embodiment variant, it is provided that between the outer surface of the cap and the ridge tiles that overlap it resulting free air flow cross-section is reduced by the flaps pivoted towards their end position. The flaps upstream of the air passage openings are preferably immediately adjacent to the air passage openings.

Von Vorteil ist es, an der Kappenaußenfläche quer verlaufende, insbesondere zur Abstützung der Firstziegel dienende Stege vorzusehen und die Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen sowie die zugeordneten Klappen jeweils zwischen zwei derartigen Stegen anzuordnen. Die in Querrichtung verlaufenden Stege begünstigen das Anheben der Klappen und gewährleisten stets eine eindeutige Strömungsführung.It is advantageous to provide transverse webs on the outer surface of the cap, in particular to support the ridge tiles, and to arrange the air passage openings and the associated flaps between two such webs. The webs running in the transverse direction promote the lifting of the flaps and always ensure clear flow guidance.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lüfterkappe ist in vorteilhafter Weise zumindest in Längsrichtung betrachtet mittensymmetrisch ausgebildet. Wird hierbei die Lüfterkappe von einer Seite angeströmt, so werden die Klappen auf dieser Seite angehoben, während die Klappen auf der anderen, gegenüberliegenden Abströmseite in ihrer Ausgangsstellung verbleiben.The fan cap according to the invention is advantageously of central symmetry, at least when viewed in the longitudinal direction. If the fan cap is flowed against from one side, the flaps on this side are raised, while the flaps on the other, opposite, outflow side remain in their starting position.

Im einzelnen gibt es nun verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die erfindungsgemäße Lüfterkappe auszugestalten und weiterzubilden. Einerseits darf dazu auf die dem Patentanspruch 1 nachgeordneten Patentansprüche, andererseits auf die folgende Beschreibung in Verbindung mit einer in der Zeichnung dargestellten, bevorzugten Ausführungsform verwiesen werden. In der Zeichnung zeigt

Fig. 1
im Schnitt eine mögliche Ausführungsform einer Lüfterkappe, nämlich insbesondere deren geometrische Ausgestaltung, jedoch ohne die den Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen vorgeschalteten Klappen,
Fig. 2
die Lüfterkappe nach Fig. 1 von oben und
Fig. 3
in einer perspektivischen Darstellung die bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer Lüfterkappe nach der Lehre der Erfindung.
In particular, there are various options for designing and developing the fan cap according to the invention. On the one hand, reference may be made to the claims subordinate to claim 1, on the other hand to the following description in connection with a preferred embodiment shown in the drawing. In the drawing shows
Fig. 1
on average one possible embodiment of a fan cap, namely in particular its geometric configuration, but without the flaps upstream of the air passage openings,
Fig. 2
1 from above and
Fig. 3
in a perspective view the preferred embodiment of a fan cap according to the teaching of the invention.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine Lüfterkappe mit einem Befestigungsbereich 1, einem Mittelbereich 2 und einem Randbereich 3, die über Knickstellen ineinander übergehen. Durch mittige Trennung dieser Kappe entstehen Kappenhälften, die in entsprechender Weise wie die Kappe eingesetzt werden können. Der Befestigungsbereich 1 ist randseitig mit einer beispielsweise etwa 1 mm betragenden Abstufung 13 versehen, deren Breite so gewählt ist, daß der nicht abgestfte Mittelbereich etwa 30 mm und der gesamte Mittelbereich etwa 50 mm beträgt, so daß angepaßte Auflagen für unterschiedliche Balkenbreiten entstehen. Diese Maßangaben stellen aber nur Beispiele dar. Der Mittelbereich 2 der aus Kunststoffmaterial bestehenden Lüfterkappe ist vor allem für die angestrebte Kappen-Saugfunktion von Bedeutung, da hier die als Langlochöffnungen ausgebildeten Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 vorgesehen sind. Die Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 sind kaminartig ausgebildet, wodurch die Saugfunktion erheblich verbessert ist, und erstrecken sich in Form eienr Langlochreihe mit geringem gegenseitigen Abstand über die Kappenlänge. Die Mündungsebene 5 jeweils einer Luftdurchtrittsöffnung 4 verläuft im wesentlichen parallel zur Ebene des Mittelbereichs 2, und die Längswandungen 7, 8 der einzelnen Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 besitzen bezüglich der Ebene des Mittelbereichs 2 unterschiedliche Neigungen der Art, daß sich in Richtung der von innen nach außen verlaufenden Strömung eine vorgebbare Querschnittsverringerung einstellt. Die außenrandseitig gelegene Längswandung 7 der Luftdurchtrittsöffnung 4 ist dabei stärker geneigt als die gegenüberliegende Längswandung 8.1 shows a fan cap with a fastening area 1, a middle area 2 and an edge area 3, which merge into one another via kinks. By separating this cap centrally, cap halves are created which can be used in the same way as the cap. The fastening area 1 is provided on the edge with a gradation 13 of, for example, approximately 1 mm, the width of which is selected such that the non-stepped central area is approximately 30 mm and the entire central area is approximately 50 mm, so that adapted supports for different beam widths are created. However, these dimensions are only examples. The central region 2 of the fan cap, which is made of plastic material, is particularly important for the desired cap suction function, since the air passage openings 4 designed as elongated holes are provided here. The air passage openings 4 are designed like a chimney, whereby the suction function is considerably improved, and extend in the form of an elongated row of holes with a small mutual distance over the length of the cap. The mouth plane 5 of each air passage opening 4 runs essentially parallel to the plane of the central region 2, and the longitudinal walls 7, 8 of the individual air passage openings 4 have different inclinations with respect to the plane of the central region 2, such that in the direction of the flow running from the inside to the outside sets a predeterminable reduction in cross-section. The longitudinal wall 7 of the air passage opening 4 located on the outer edge is more inclined than the opposite longitudinal wall 8.

Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Randbereich 3 mit Stützhöckern 10 versehenm die aus dem Material des Randbereichs 3 durch entsprechende Verformung gebildet sind. Die Stützhöcker 10 können unterschiedliche Höhe je nach dem jeweiligen Einsatzfalle aufweisen; es ist aber ausreichend, zwei Stützhöckerhöhen, beispielsweise Stützhöcker 10 mit einer Höhe von 6 mm oder Stützhöcker 10 mit einer Höhe von 12 mm vorzusehen. Die Stützhöcker 10 haben vorzugsweise anströmseitig eine stärker geneigte Wandung als der auf dem Mittelbereich 2 zugewandten Seite, wo die Begrenzungswand senkrecht zur Ebene des Randbereichs 3 verlaufen kann.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the edge region 3 is provided with support bumps 10 which are formed from the material of the edge region 3 by appropriate deformation. The support bumps 10 can have different heights depending on the particular application; however, it is sufficient to provide two support hump heights, for example support hump 10 with a height of 6 mm or support hump 10 with a height of 12 mm. The support bumps 10 preferably have a more inclined wall on the inflow side than the side facing the central region 2, where the boundary wall can run perpendicular to the plane of the edge region 3.

Der Außenrand des Randbereichs 3 ist vorzugsweise stumpfwinklig abgewinkelt, so daß ein beispielsweise 3 mm breiter Randstreifen 12 entsteht. Im Bereich des Übergangs zwischen dem Randstreifen 12 und dem Randbereich 3 ist eine Spoilerleiste 11 vorgesehen, die sich über die Länge der Lüfterkappe erstreckt. Die Höhe der Spoilerleiste 11 ist geringer als die Höhe der Längswandungen 7, 8 der Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 und beträgt vorzugsweise etwa 3 mm. Bezüglich der Ebene des Randbereichs 3 ist die Spoilerleiste 11 zweckmäßigerweise um etwa 15° nach innen, d. h. zu den Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 hin geneigt.The outer edge of the edge region 3 is preferably angled at an obtuse angle, so that an edge strip 12, for example 3 mm wide, is formed. In the area of the transition between the edge strip 12 and the edge area 3, a spoiler strip 11 is provided, which extends over the length of the fan cap. The height of the spoiler strip 11 is less than the height of the longitudinal walls 7, 8 of the air passage openings 4 and is preferably about 3 mm. With regard to the plane of the edge area 3, the spoiler strip 11 is expediently inward by approximately 15 °, ie. H. inclined towards the air passage openings 4.

Der Befestigungsbereich 1 und der Mittelbereich 2 schließen zusammen einen Winkel von etwa 150° ein, und der Randbereich 3 bildet mit der Horizontalen zweckmäßigerweise einen Winkel von etwa 45°.The fastening region 1 and the central region 2 together form an angle of approximately 150 °, and the edge region 3 expediently forms an angle of approximately 45 ° with the horizontal.

Unter anderem ist von Bedeutung, daß die Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 bezogen auf die verschiedenen, in der Praxis verwendeten Firstziegel stets am gleichen Außenpunkt liegen und damit der gewünschte und geforderte Unterdruck bei jedem Firstziegeltyp gewährleistet ist. Erreicht wird dies dadurch, daß das Breitenmaß V des Mittelbereichs 2 entsprechend den jeweiligen Anforderungen verändert wird, dabei jedoch stets der Abstand K zwischen dem Außenrand dar Kappe und den Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 konstantgehalten wird. Beispielsweise kann das Maß V 40/50/60/70 mm betragen, wobei jedoch das Maß K unverändert bleibt.Among other things, it is important that the air passage openings 4 are always located at the same outer point in relation to the different ridge tiles used in practice, and thus the desired and required vacuum is guaranteed for each type of ridge tile. This is achieved by changing the width dimension V of the central region 2 in accordance with the respective requirements, but always keeping the distance K between the outer edge of the cap and the air passage openings 4 constant. For example, the dimension V can be 40/50/60/70 mm, but the dimension K remains unchanged.

Fig. 2 zeigt die Lüfterkappe nach Fig. 1 von oben. Gut erkennbar sind hier die entsprechend einer Längslinie verlaufenden Durchtrittsöffnungen 4, die im Bereich ihrer Mitte mit einem Verbindungs- bzw. Versteifungssteg 14 versehen sein können, der im Bereich der Mündungsebene 5 der Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 gelegen ist. Die Stützhöcker 10 befinden sich jeweils in dem Bereich zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 und in dem dazwischenliegenden mittleren Bereich. Der Befestigungsbereich 1 ist mit mehreren, gleichen gegenseitigen Abstand aufweisenden Öffnungen 15 versehen.Fig. 2 shows the fan cap according to Fig. 1 from above. Clearly recognizable here are the through openings 4 which run along a longitudinal line and which can be provided in the region of their center with a connecting or stiffening web 14 which is located in the region of the mouth plane 5 of the air through openings 4. The support bumps 10 are each located in the area between two successive air passage openings 4 and in the middle area in between. The fastening area 1 is provided with a plurality of openings 15 which are at the same mutual distance.

Bevorzugt beträgt die wirksame Langlochbreite einer Luftdurchtrittsöffnung 4 12 mm und die Langlochlänge einer Luftdurchtrittsöffnung 4 125 mm, wobei die Anordnung so getroffen ist, daß sich auf einer Kappenseite eine Lüfterquerschnittsfläche von 105 cm² ergibt; diese Dimensionierung erbringt besonders gute Werte, und zwar sogar dann, wenn eine ausgeprägte spitzwinklige Anströmung der Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 in der Praxis erfolgt. Der gegenseitige Abstand der in einer Linie aufeinanderfolgenden Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 beträgt zweckmäßigerweise etwa 15 mm, während an den Endbereichen der jeweiligen Kappe ein Freibereich, der zur Überlappung genutzt werden kann, von etwas mehr als 30 mm vorgesehen wird.The effective slot width of an air passage opening 4 is preferably 12 mm and the slot length of an air passage opening 4 is 125 mm, the arrangement being such that there is a fan cross-sectional area of 105 cm 2 on one side of the cap; this dimensioning produces particularly good values, even when there is a pronounced acute-angle flow against the air passage openings 4 in practice. The mutual spacing of the air passage openings 4 which follow one another in a line is expediently approximately 15 mm, while an open area of slightly more than 30 mm is provided at the end regions of the respective cap, which can be used for overlapping.

Fig. 3 zeigt nun einen Abschnitt einer Lüfterkappe nach der Lehre der Erfindung, nämlich mit an der Lüfterkappe vorgesehenen Klappen 16. Jeder Luftdurchtrittsöffnung 4 ist eine schwenkbar gelagerte Klappe 16 vorgeschaltet. Die Klappen 16 sind bei einer Anströmung von außen in eine den freien Strömungsquerschnitt für die anströmende Luft verändernde Stellung verschwenkbar. Hierbei wird vorzugsweise der sich zwischen der Kappenaußenfläche und den diese übergreifenden Firstziegeln (nicht gezeigt) ergebende freie Luftströmungsquerschnitt durch die in Richtung ihrer Endlage verschwenkten Klappen 16 (gezeigt ist deren Ausgangslage) vermindert.3 now shows a section of a fan cap according to the teaching of the invention, namely with flaps 16 provided on the fan cap. A pivotably mounted flap 16 is connected upstream of each air passage opening 4. The flaps 16 can be pivoted in the event of an inflow from the outside into a position which changes the free flow cross section for the inflowing air. In this case, the free air flow cross section which results between the outer cap surface and the ridge tiles (not shown) which overlap it is preferably reduced by the flaps 16 pivoted in the direction of their end position (their starting position is shown).

Die Klappen 16 sind jeweils um eine horizontale Achse 18 schwenkbar gelagert. Die Schwenkachsen 18 sind den als Langlochöffnungen ausgebildeten, sich in Längsrichtung der Kappe erstreckenden Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 benachbart. Ferner sind die Klappen 16 parallel zu den länglichen Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 ausgerichtet. An der Kappenaußenfläche sind querverlaufende Stege 20 vorgesehen. Die Stege 20 erstrecken sich in etwa vom Mittelbereich 2 bis annähernd zum unteren Rand des jeweiligen Randbereichs 3. Die Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 sowie die zugeordneten Klappen 16 sind jeweils zwischen zwei derartigen Stegen 20 angeordnet. Die Stege 20 sind vorzugsweise auch zur Abstützung der Firstziegel (nicht gezeigt) ausgebildet.The flaps 16 are each pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis 18. The pivot axes 18 are adjacent to the air passage openings 4, which are designed as elongated holes and extend in the longitudinal direction of the cap. Furthermore, the flaps 16 are aligned parallel to the elongated air passage openings 4. Transverse webs 20 are provided on the outer surface of the cap. The webs 20 extend approximately from the central region 2 to approximately the lower edge of the respective edge region 3. The air passage openings 4 and the associated flaps 16 are each arranged between two such webs 20. The webs 20 are preferably also designed to support the ridge tiles (not shown).

Bei der gezeigten Ausführungsform weisen die Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 eine kaminartige Form auf. Hierbei besitzen die die kaminartigen Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 begrenzenden Längswandungen 7, 8 eine geringere Höhe als die zugeordneten Klappen 16. Auf der Kappenaußenfläche sind Vorsprünge 22 zur Begrenzung der Schwenkbewegung der Klappen 16 vorgesehen. Die Klappen 16 sind etwas länger als die als Langlochöffnungen ausgebildeten Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4. Die Vorsprünge 22 sind jeweils an den beiden Seiten der Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 angeordnet. Die Höhe der Vorsprünge 22 entspricht zumindest im wesentlichen der Höhe der Klappen 16, ist jedoch geringer als die Höhe der vorzugsweise die Firstziegel abstützenden Stege 20. Die Schwenkachsen 18 der den Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4 unmittelbar benachbarten Klappen 16 sind in den Stegen 20 gelagert. Hierzu sind in den Stegen 20 Ausnehmungen vorgesehen, deren Querschnitt wesentlich größer ist als der der betreffenden Schwenkachse 18. Bei der gezeigten Ausführungsform entspricht die Höhe der Klappen 16 zumindest im wesentlichen der in Kappenquerrichtung gemessenen Breite der Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 4.In the embodiment shown, the air passage openings 4 have a chimney-like shape. Here they have the chimney-like air openings 4 delimiting longitudinal walls 7, 8 have a lower height than the associated flaps 16. On the outer surface of the cap, projections 22 are provided to limit the pivoting movement of the flaps 16. The flaps 16 are somewhat longer than the air passage openings 4 designed as elongated hole openings. The projections 22 are each arranged on the two sides of the air passage openings 4. The height of the projections 22 corresponds at least substantially to the height of the flaps 16, but is less than the height of the webs 20, which preferably support the ridge tiles. The pivot axes 18 of the flaps 16 directly adjacent to the air passage openings 4 are mounted in the webs 20. For this purpose, recesses are provided in the webs 20, the cross-section of which is substantially larger than that of the pivot axis 18 in question. In the embodiment shown, the height of the flaps 16 corresponds at least essentially to the width of the air passage openings 4 measured in the transverse direction of the cap.

Fig. 3 zeigt die Klappen 16 in ihrer Ausgangsstellung. In dieser Ausgangsstellung weisen die Klappen 16 noch einen geringfügigen Abstand zur Kappenaußenfläche auf, um einen Zwischenraum zu bilden, so daß die Luftströmung von unten an den Klappen angreifen und diese hochheben kann. Aufgrund der in Längsrichtung betrachtet mittensymmetrischen Ausbildung werden die Klappen 16 demnach auf der Windanströmseite angehoben, während sie auf der Windabströmseite in ihrer Ausgangslage verbleiben. Die Klappen 16 werden jeweils durch deren Eigengewicht rückgestellt. Grundsätzlich ist es jedoch auch denkbar, die erforderliche Rückstellung z. B. durch Federelemente sicherzustellen.Fig. 3 shows the flaps 16 in their starting position. In this starting position, the flaps 16 are still a slight distance from the outer surface of the cap in order to form a gap, so that the air flow can act on the flaps from below and lift them up. Because of the central symmetrical design seen in the longitudinal direction, the flaps 16 are accordingly raised on the wind inflow side, while they remain in their initial position on the wind downstream side. The flaps 16 are each reset by their own weight. In principle, however, it is also conceivable to make the necessary provision for. B. ensure by spring elements.

Während bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform jeder Luftdurchtrittsöffnung 4 eine gesonderte Klappe 16 zugeordnet ist, ist grundsätzlich auch denkbar, mehreren Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen eine gemeinsame Klappe zuzuordnen.While a separate flap 16 is assigned to each air passage opening 4 in the preferred embodiment, it is also fundamentally conceivable to assign a common flap to several air passage openings.

Claims (15)

  1. A ventilation cap for the background ventilation of roofs, to be provided in the ridge- or hip region, with an attachment region (1), a middle region (2) having air permeation apertures (4) and an edge region (3), wherein the air permeation apertures (4) are constructed as flue-like slot apertures extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cap and the planes (5) of the mouths of the air permeation apertures (4) preferably extend at least substantially parallel to the plane of the middle region (2), characterised in that a flap (16) is disposed in front of at least part of the air permeation apertures (4), which flap is swivel-mounted and which when impinged against by a flow from the outside can swing into a position which varies the free cross-section of flow, and which in particular can reset itself due to its own weight.
  2. A ventilation cap according to claim 1, characterised in that each flap (16) is swivel-mounted about a horizontal axis (18) and is aligned parallel to the air permeation apertures (4).
  3. A ventilation cap according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that webs (20) are provided extending transversely on the outer surface of the cap, serving in particular to support the ridge tiles, and the air permeation apertures (4) and the associated flaps (16) are disposed between two webs (20).
  4. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the longitudinal walls (7, 8) delimiting the flue-like air permeation apertures (4) are of a height less than the associated flaps (16).
  5. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that projections (22) for restricting the swivelling movements of the flaps (16) are disposed on the outer surface of the cap, preferably on both sides of the air permeation apertures (4) in each case, and the height of the projections (22) at least substantially corresponds to the height of the flaps (16).
  6. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the free cross-section of flow which arises between the outer surface of the cap and the ridge tiles overlapping the latter is reduced by the flaps which have swung into their final positions.
  7. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the swivel pins (18) associated with the flaps (16) are mounted in the webs (20), preferably in recesses with a cross-section significantly larger than that of the swivel pins (18).
  8. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the height of the flaps (16) at least substantially corresponds to the width of the air permeation apertures (4) measured in the transverse direction of the cap.
  9. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that when adopting their initial position the flaps (16) are at a distance from the outer surface of the cap, in order to form an intermediate space.
  10. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that a row of flue-like air permeation apertures (4) disposed in a line is provided in the middle region (2), the mutual separation between which air permeation apertures is substantially the same as or somewhat greater than the slot width, and that in particular the slot length is about ten times greater than the slot width.
  11. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the longitudinal walls (7, 8) of the air permeation apertures (4) have slopes which are different in relation to the plane of the middle region (2) and which lead to a narrowing of the flue in the direction of flow, and the longitudinal wall (7) of the air permeation apertures (4) situated at the outer edge slopes more sharply towards the attachment region (1), in relation to the plane of the middle region (2), than does the longitudinal wall (8) situated on the side facing the attachment region (1).
  12. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the flue height is somewhat less than or substantially the same as the slot width.
  13. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the middle region (2) forms an obtuse angle with the edge region (3) and the distance of the row of air permeation apertures (4) from the kink (9) thus formed is constant, irrespective of the cap width measured between the outer edge and the attachment region (1) in each case, similarly irrespective of the distance of the air permeation apertures (4) from the outer edge of the cap, and in particular irrespective of the width of the middle region (2) in each case.
  14. A ventilation cap according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that a spoiler strip (11) extending over the length of the cap is provided at the outer edge of the cap, and the edge region (3) preferably has an angled edge strip (12).
  15. A ventilation cap according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, in relation to the air permeation apertures (4) provided in the middle region (2), support humps (10) formed in the edge region (3) by shaping are disposed in the region between each two successive air permeation apertures (4) and in the region of the centre of each air permeation aperture (4).
EP90101911A 1989-02-02 1990-01-31 Ventilation device for roofs Expired - Lifetime EP0381192B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3903157 1989-02-02
DE19893903157 DE3903157C2 (en) 1989-02-02 1989-02-02 Fan cap for rear ventilation of roofs
DE19893913994 DE3913994A1 (en) 1989-04-27 1989-04-27 Roof inside ventilation in ridge region
DE3913994 1989-04-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0381192A1 EP0381192A1 (en) 1990-08-08
EP0381192B1 true EP0381192B1 (en) 1993-10-20

Family

ID=25877384

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90101911A Expired - Lifetime EP0381192B1 (en) 1989-02-02 1990-01-31 Ventilation device for roofs

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0381192B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE96194T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59003097D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0381192T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2045585T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6958181B1 (en) 2003-09-05 2005-10-25 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Protected activators for use in leuco dye compositions

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1295788B (en) * 1964-01-13 1969-05-22 Eternit Ag Ridge vent
DE3511798A1 (en) * 1984-05-30 1985-12-05 Alfons 5758 Fröndenberg Knoche Ridge venting on roofs
DE8527095U1 (en) * 1985-09-21 1987-09-17 Gehring, Manfred, 7290 Freudenstadt, De
DE8713110U1 (en) * 1987-09-30 1988-01-21 Fleck, Oskar, 4354 Datteln, De
ES2063420T3 (en) * 1988-04-13 1995-01-01 Norm Amc Ag ROOF ROOF VENTILATION SYSTEM.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE96194T1 (en) 1993-11-15
DE59003097D1 (en) 1993-11-25
DK0381192T3 (en) 1993-11-15
EP0381192A1 (en) 1990-08-08
ES2045585T3 (en) 1994-01-16

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