EP0378623A1 - Object safety protection and force measurement - Google Patents

Object safety protection and force measurement

Info

Publication number
EP0378623A1
EP0378623A1 EP89907010A EP89907010A EP0378623A1 EP 0378623 A1 EP0378623 A1 EP 0378623A1 EP 89907010 A EP89907010 A EP 89907010A EP 89907010 A EP89907010 A EP 89907010A EP 0378623 A1 EP0378623 A1 EP 0378623A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
force
medium
cells
releasing
cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89907010A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kan-Chee Lee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LEE KAN CHEE
Original Assignee
LEE KAN CHEE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LEE KAN CHEE filed Critical LEE KAN CHEE
Publication of EP0378623A1 publication Critical patent/EP0378623A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M13/00—Other supports for positioning apparatus or articles; Means for steadying hand-held apparatus or articles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • E04H9/0235—Anti-seismic devices with hydraulic or pneumatic damping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
    • B60R19/20—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact containing mainly gas or liquid, e.g. inflatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
    • B60R19/20—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact containing mainly gas or liquid, e.g. inflatable
    • B60R19/205—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact containing mainly gas or liquid, e.g. inflatable inflatable in the direction of an obstacle upon impending impact, e.g. using air bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/42—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects extending primarily along the sides of, or completely encircling, a vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/30—Mounting of propulsion plant or unit, e.g. for anti-vibration purposes
    • B63H21/302—Mounting of propulsion plant or unit, e.g. for anti-vibration purposes with active vibration damping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D25/00—Emergency apparatus or devices, not otherwise provided for
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/02—Piers; Abutments ; Protecting same against drifting ice
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/04—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
    • F16F9/0472—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall characterised by comprising a damping device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R2021/0002—Type of accident
    • B60R2021/0013—Free fall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R2021/0065—Type of vehicles
    • B60R2021/0093—Aircraft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R2021/0293—Additional pads or cushions in vehicle compartments, e.g. movably mounted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/04—Padded linings for the vehicle interior ; Energy absorbing structures associated with padded or non-padded linings
    • B60R2021/0407—Padded linings for the vehicle interior ; Energy absorbing structures associated with padded or non-padded linings using gas or liquid as energy absorbing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D2201/00—Airbags mounted in aircraft for any use

Definitions

  • a vibration damper has been invented damping vibration in all directions. It is limited applying to the constant force and with a square wave pattern. See U.S. Pat. No. 3,145,012.
  • Isolating Platforms have been invented absorbing or cushioning as a shock or impact resistant. See U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,351,027 and 3,679,159.
  • a shock absorbing platform has been invented absorbing vibration from equipment and adjusting vibration damping. See U.S.S.R. Pat. No. 585,255.
  • Tests of the invention have been conducted. The test results are coincided with the principle and function of the invention. A significant amount of force, in each test, has been released from the forcing system into the space.
  • Figure 1 is the plan view of a schematic presentation of the principle, function and construction of the structure of the invention performed in a testing model which is not limited to the entire application, extension, improvement and refinement of the principle, function and construction of the structure of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is the elevation of a machine, equipment or instrument. It is the schematic presentation of the application of the invention to a moving or stationing object for the release of impact from vibration. The means of releasing and refilling medium in the particular forcing system are applicable to vibration.
  • Figure 3 is the elevation of a machine, equipment or instrument. It is the schematic presentation of the application of the invention to a moving or stationing object for the release of impact from vibration.
  • the means of storing force in the medium in the particular forcing system is applicable to vibration.
  • Figure 4 is the sectional elevation of a building.
  • Figure 5 is the plan view of Figure 4. They are the schematic presentation of the application of the invention to a stationing object for the release of impact from earthquake. The means of releasing and refilling medium in the particular forcing system are applicable to earthquake.
  • Figure 6 is the sectional elevation of a building.
  • Figure 7 is the plan view of Figure 6. They are the schematic presentation of the application of the invention to a stationing object for the release of impact from earthquake. The means of storing and releasing force in the medium of the particular forcing system is applicable to earthquake.
  • Figure 8 is a plan view of a car.
  • Figure 9 is a side elevation from Figure 8. They are the schematic presentation of the application of the invention to a moving object for the release of impact from crash in the particular forcing system.
  • Figure 10 is a special arrangement of medium cells.
  • Figures 12 and 13 are the side and front elevations of an airplane respectively. They are the schematic presentation of inflating medium into the cell structures to a moving object for the release of impact from crash in case of emergency landing.
  • Figures 14 and 15 are the side elevations of wheels of airplanes. They are the schematic presentation of the application of the invention to the moving objects for the release of impact from crash in cases of normal landing and take off or emergency landing and take off.
  • Provisions are made to accommodate the elements of the objects such as steering wheel, dash board, seats and lights of a car, wheels and jet engines of an airplane, etc.
  • FIG. 1 of the attached drawings herein is shown a best mode for carrying out the present invention by means of a schematic testing model and it is also a force measuring instrument which comprises a striking force 2 acting on a first moveable panel 12 through a first cell 6 into a first medium 5 then acting on a second moveable panel 12 through a second cell 6 into a second medium 5 then acting on a third moveable panel 12 supported by the elastic scales 15, the forcing system releasing by the force releasing means 10, the reacting force 3 responding to the striking force 2 indicated on a reacting force record pin 4 or a force measuring means 11.
  • the reacting force 3 is less than the striking force 2, by the principle of the energy force releasing from the forcing system into the space.
  • the supporting members, frames, foundation or the like 16 are constructed and shown on FIG. 1.
  • the testing model may be used one cell or multiple cells.
  • FIG. 2 shows another best mode for carrying out the invention which is applying the same principle to release the force from the forcing system into the space. It comprises an object 1 of vibrating machine, equipment or instrument, force impacting on a moveable panel 12, through the cells 6 and mediums 5, supported by a fixed panel 13 and a foundation 16, the force releasing means 10 in function on one cell 6, and the medium refilling means 8 in function on the other cell 6 at the same time. So that, the functions of the force releasing and the medium refilling are continuing taken place at both sides under the object 1 during the occurrence of the forcing system.
  • FIG. 3 shows another best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises an object 1 of vibrating machine, equipment or instrument, force impacting on a moveable panel 12, through the elastic mediums 5, supported by a fixed panel 13 and a foundation 16, the force storing means 9 in function on one medium and the force releasing means 10 in function on the other medium at the same time. So that, the functions of the force storing and the force releasing are continuing taken place at both sides under the object 1 during the occurrence of the forcing system.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show another best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises an object 1 of a building structure due to an earthquake force acting on the foundation and the frame 16, thereby earthquake force through the cells 6 and the mediums 5, according to the nature of the earthquake force may acting on all directions, the force releasing means 10 in function when the cells and mediums subjected to certain amount of force, and the medium refilling means 8 in function after the force released. These functions are continuing taken place to protect the building structure during the occurrence of the earthquake.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show another best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises an object 1 of a building structure due to an earthquake force acting on the foundation and the frame 16, thereby earthquake force through the mediums 5, according to the nature of the earthquake force may acting on all directions, the force storing means 9 in function when the mediums 5 subjected to a certain amount of force, and the force releasing means 10 in function after the force stored and the acting force is away from the mediums. These functions are continuing taken place to protect the building structure during the occurrence of the earthquake.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show another best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises an object 1 of a vehicle due to a crash in an accident, the impact force acting on some of the cells 6 to the mediums 5 therein, the force releasing means 10 in function when the cells and medium subjected to a certain amount of force. This is to protect the vehicle and passengers in case of accident.
  • FIG. 10 shows a special arrangement of medium cells in two directions which comprises a moveable panel 12, subjected to a striking force thereby, force first acting to two horizontal cells 6 and the mediums 5 therein, the force releasing means 10 in function when the cells and mediums subjected to a certain amount of force, then the force second acting to the vertical cell 6 and the medium 5, the force releasing means 10 in function when the cell and medium subjected to certain amount of force.
  • Cells are supported by a fixed panel 13. This two directions of cell arrangement is to release one striking force in two or more times.
  • FIG. 11 shows the arrangement of the cells 6 within cells 6 which comprises multiple cells and medium therein, and the force releasing means 10 therewith. According to the same principle and function, the force is released from the forcing system into the space in a multiple times, therefore the reacting force will be further reduced.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show a best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises a moving object 1 of an airplane in case of emergency landing, with cells 6, mediums 5, medium inflating means 7 and force releasing means 10. All cells are to be inflated when they are in use, otherwise all cells are not inflated and stored in the body of the airplane.
  • FIG. 14 shows a best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises a number of cells 6 and mediums 5 in a loop arrangement, with force releasing means 10, medium refilling means 8, and the object 1 of a wheel. According to the same principle and function, the rolling force reacting to the wheel will be continuously reduced.
  • FIG. 15 shows a best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises a number of elastic mediums 5 in a radius arrangement, with force storing means 9 force releasing means 10, and the object 1 of a wheel. According to the same principle and function, the rolling force reacting to the wheel will be continuously reduced.
  • FIGS. 16 and 17 are the same as FIGS. 12 and 13 which comprises the same elements except a number of deceleration and balancing means are equipped for use and stored in the body of the airplane.
  • the reacting force is less than the striking force by the principle of the energy force releasing from the forcing system into the space.
  • Object The objects are included, but not be limited to, land, air and water vehicles, passengers, related facilities, building structures, occupants, vibrating machines, sensitive equipments and instruments, and dangerous goods such as dynamite, nuclear fuel and chemical substances.
  • Striking force is a force acting on an object.
  • Energy force is a force created by a striking force in a medium of a forcing system. It is confined either by a cell structure or force storing means.
  • Reacting force is a force responding to a striking force.
  • Mediums are included, but not be limited to, air, gases, solids, liquids and elastic materials.
  • Medium cell structure Medium cell structures are made of suitable elastic and rigid materials.
  • Medium cell structure inflating means A means inflates the cell structure with suitable medium.
  • Medium refilling means A means refills medium into the medium cell structure.
  • Force releasing means A means releases energy force from the forcing system into the space.
  • Force measuring means A means measures the amount of forces in a particular forcing system.
  • Space Space is an unlimited open space or and a confined space.
  • Panels are the movable and fixed relative to an object.
  • Function The medium is functioning to create and release the energy force due to a striking force in a particular forcing system. The release of energy force will not react to the object by the principle of force releasing into the space.
  • Force storing means A means stores energy force in the medium. It is functioning while a striking force acts on the elastic medium. The elastic medium is shortening in the direction of the striking force. The energy force is confined and stored in the medium until the striking force or vibrating force moves away from the elastic medium. Then the elastic medium is free to return to its original configuration without reacting to the object by the principle of force releasing into the space.
  • Deceleration and balancing means A means decelerates and balances the object while it is in motion.
  • the system of the invention is so designed, preceding to the vibration or earthquake taking place, that the cell structures, elastic mediums, objects and the supporting structures are stable and capable to withstand to the dead loads, live loads, superimposed loads and wind loads in compliance with the codes and regulations as required by the relevant Jurisdictions.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Details Of Measuring And Other Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

Un appareil pour dissiper les chocs constitue une protection de sécurité importante pour les objets en mouvement et fixes, et dissipe dans l'espace les chocs provenant d'accidents, de vibrations ou de tremblements de terre. Ledit appareil comporte un milieu (5), des structures alvéolaires (6) et un moyen pour dissiper la force (10). Il comprend également un milieu élastique (15), des moyens pour emmagasiner (9) et dissiper (10) la force. Des moyens supplémentaires de gonflage (7) et/ou de rechargement du milieu dans la structure alvéolaire (6), et de décélération et d'équilibrage d'un objet en mouvement (1) se montent sur ledit appareil. Ce dernier peut équiper des objets en mouvement et fixes dans des véhicules terrestres, aériens et maritimes, installations connexes, structures immobilières, et structures de support de machines vibrantes, matériels et instruments sensibles, et objets dangereux, afin d'assurer la protection des biens et des personnes. De même, un instrument (11) mesure l'intensité de la force dans un système particulier de compression.A shock dissipating device provides important safety protection for moving and stationary objects, and dissipates shocks from accidents, vibrations or earthquakes in space. Said apparatus comprises a medium (5), honeycomb structures (6) and a means for dissipating the force (10). It also comprises an elastic medium (15), means for storing (9) and dissipating (10) the force. Additional means for inflating (7) and / or recharging the medium in the honeycomb structure (6), and decelerating and balancing a moving object (1) are mounted on said device. The latter can equip moving and stationary objects in land, air and sea vehicles, related installations, real estate structures, and support structures with vibrating machines, sensitive equipment and instruments, and dangerous objects, in order to ensure the protection of property. and people. Likewise, an instrument (11) measures the intensity of force in a particular compression system.

Description

DESCRIPTION
OBJECT SAFETY PROTECTION AND FORCE MEASUREMENT
TECHNICAL FIELD
My invention relates to safety protection for moving and stationing objects by releasing impact from crash, vibration or earthquake as well as a force measuring instrument. Said invention provides an important safety protection for objects of vehicles, passengers, building structures, occupants, properties, vibrating machines, sensitive equipments and instruments, and dangerous goods while a crash, vibration or earthquake occurs.
The development of the conception of the invention was originated at my childhood age. It repeatedly came to my mind when I was on board of a ship which was bumping against a pier. There was such a tremendous reacting force responding to the ship that I could not stand statically on board . I began to think, "Is there any way that the reacting force can be reduced or eliminated?" Many times, I observed that the explosion of a flying fire cracker was slowing, stopping or changing the motion of the object itself. I also observed the occurrences of a running car while a tire was flattening. In other observations, I have examined many structural cracks of structures and buildings which were subjected to minor and severe earthquake damages. The foregoing mentioned changes of the physical motions or configurations of objects are the results of energy release and transformation from the particular forcing systems.
BACKGROUND ART
Inflatable fluid cushions and air bags have been invented to provide impact cushioning and absorbing for passengers in vehicles. They are sensitive to the impact of the vehicles and the passengers are restrained. See, for examples, U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,781,203; 3,514,124; 3,514,125; 3,927,901; 3,964,255 and 4,565,535.
Impact bumpers have been invented for vehicles to absorb impact upon bumping against other objects. See, samples of U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,655,231 and 3,960,397. Earthquake protection by the apparatuses of isolation, suspension and spring connection has been invented to protect equipment and structure. They are the means of energy absorbing or force sliding due to vibration or earthquake. See U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,330,103; 4,351,515; 4,371,143 and 4,644,714.
Additional prior art references have been cited below:
A vibration damper has been invented damping vibration in all directions. It is limited applying to the constant force and with a square wave pattern. See U.S. Pat. No. 3,145,012.
Isolating Platforms have been invented absorbing or cushioning as a shock or impact resistant. See U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,351,027 and 3,679,159.
A leveling foundation has been invented to maintain a structural floor in a substantially level condition. See U.S. Pat. No. 4,191,496.
An earthquake isolation floor has been invented protecting against vibration by means of low friction elements and stressed springs. See U.S. Pat. No. 4,371,143.
A base plate on elastic support has been invented. It is a vibration damper with adjustable support condition. See U.S. Pat. No. 4,489,991.
A shock absorbing platform has been invented absorbing vibration from equipment and adjusting vibration damping. See U.S.S.R. Pat. No. 585,255.
None of the prior art references applies the principle of, the present invention, force releasing from a forcing system into a space.
Accordingly, there remains need for a new invention for the protection of moving and stationing objects of vehicles, passengers, building structures, occupants, properties, vibrating machines, sensitive equipments and instruments, and dangerous goods, and the unrestraint of passengers in vehicles and occupants in buildings while an actual crash, vibration or earthquake exists. DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
The purpose of this invention is to protect objects of vehicles, passengers, building structures, occupants, properties, vibrating machines, sensitive equipments and instruments, and dangerous goods such as dynamite, nuclear fuel and chemical substances due to an actual crash, vibration or earthquake. The striking force will be reduced in the particular forcing system by the principle of force releasing into the space.
The principle, function and structure of the invention can be applied and equipped onto all kinds of moving and stationing objects which are including, but not be limited to, land, air, water vehicles of cars, trucks, buses, trains, monorails, ships, airplanes, helicopters, and the related facilities of piers, airports, subways, guard rail for roadways, rail end stops, nuclear reactor blow out stops, building structures, properties as well as supporting structures of vibrating machines, sensitive equipments and instruments, and dangerous goods. Also, it is an instrument to measure force in a particular forcing system.
The advantages of applying this invention will reduce many damages from traffic accidents, will protect properties, goods and lives from crash, vibration or earthquake, and will have substantial amount of reduction of insurance premiums. Also, this invention will enhance our quality of life and secure a safe living environment.
VERIFICATION
Tests of the invention have been conducted. The test results are coincided with the principle and function of the invention. A significant amount of force, in each test, has been released from the forcing system into the space.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is the plan view of a schematic presentation of the principle, function and construction of the structure of the invention performed in a testing model which is not limited to the entire application, extension, improvement and refinement of the principle, function and construction of the structure of the invention. Figure 2 is the elevation of a machine, equipment or instrument. It is the schematic presentation of the application of the invention to a moving or stationing object for the release of impact from vibration. The means of releasing and refilling medium in the particular forcing system are applicable to vibration.
Figure 3 is the elevation of a machine, equipment or instrument. It is the schematic presentation of the application of the invention to a moving or stationing object for the release of impact from vibration. The means of storing force in the medium in the particular forcing system is applicable to vibration.
Figure 4 is the sectional elevation of a building. Figure 5 is the plan view of Figure 4. They are the schematic presentation of the application of the invention to a stationing object for the release of impact from earthquake. The means of releasing and refilling medium in the particular forcing system are applicable to earthquake.
Figure 6 is the sectional elevation of a building. Figure 7 is the plan view of Figure 6. They are the schematic presentation of the application of the invention to a stationing object for the release of impact from earthquake. The means of storing and releasing force in the medium of the particular forcing system is applicable to earthquake.
Figure 8 is a plan view of a car. Figure 9 is a side elevation from Figure 8. They are the schematic presentation of the application of the invention to a moving object for the release of impact from crash in the particular forcing system.
Figure 10 is a special arrangement of medium cells.
Figure 11 is an arrangement of a number of medium cells within cells.
Figures 12 and 13 are the side and front elevations of an airplane respectively. They are the schematic presentation of inflating medium into the cell structures to a moving object for the release of impact from crash in case of emergency landing. Figures 14 and 15 are the side elevations of wheels of airplanes. They are the schematic presentation of the application of the invention to the moving objects for the release of impact from crash in cases of normal landing and take off or emergency landing and take off.
Figures 16 and 17 are the side and front elevations of an airplane respectively. They are the schematic presentation of the application of the invention by a means of parachute action to decelerate and balance a moving object, and a means of inflating medium into the cell structures on a moving object for the release of impact from crash in case of emergency landing.
Provisions are made to accommodate the elements of the objects such as steering wheel, dash board, seats and lights of a car, wheels and jet engines of an airplane, etc.
Elements and structures shown in all Figures are not limited to the sizes, shapes, arrangements, numbers, locations and combinations of the elements and structures of the invention.
DRAWING REFERENCE NUMERALS
1 object
2 striking force
3 reacting force
4 reacting force record pin
5 medium
6 medium cell structure
7 medium inflating means
8 medium refilling means
9 force storing means
10 force releasing means
11 force measuring means
12 moving panel
13 fixed panel
14 deceleration and balancing means
15 spring or elastic materials
16 supporting member, frame, foundation or the like BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Referring to FIG. 1 of the attached drawings, herein is shown a best mode for carrying out the present invention by means of a schematic testing model and it is also a force measuring instrument which comprises a striking force 2 acting on a first moveable panel 12 through a first cell 6 into a first medium 5 then acting on a second moveable panel 12 through a second cell 6 into a second medium 5 then acting on a third moveable panel 12 supported by the elastic scales 15, the forcing system releasing by the force releasing means 10, the reacting force 3 responding to the striking force 2 indicated on a reacting force record pin 4 or a force measuring means 11. According to the principle and theory of the present invention, the reacting force 3 is less than the striking force 2, by the principle of the energy force releasing from the forcing system into the space. The supporting members, frames, foundation or the like 16 are constructed and shown on FIG. 1. The testing model may be used one cell or multiple cells.
FIG. 2 shows another best mode for carrying out the invention which is applying the same principle to release the force from the forcing system into the space. It comprises an object 1 of vibrating machine, equipment or instrument, force impacting on a moveable panel 12, through the cells 6 and mediums 5, supported by a fixed panel 13 and a foundation 16, the force releasing means 10 in function on one cell 6, and the medium refilling means 8 in function on the other cell 6 at the same time. So that, the functions of the force releasing and the medium refilling are continuing taken place at both sides under the object 1 during the occurrence of the forcing system.
FIG. 3 shows another best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises an object 1 of vibrating machine, equipment or instrument, force impacting on a moveable panel 12, through the elastic mediums 5, supported by a fixed panel 13 and a foundation 16, the force storing means 9 in function on one medium and the force releasing means 10 in function on the other medium at the same time. So that, the functions of the force storing and the force releasing are continuing taken place at both sides under the object 1 during the occurrence of the forcing system. FIGS. 4 and 5 show another best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises an object 1 of a building structure due to an earthquake force acting on the foundation and the frame 16, thereby earthquake force through the cells 6 and the mediums 5, according to the nature of the earthquake force may acting on all directions, the force releasing means 10 in function when the cells and mediums subjected to certain amount of force, and the medium refilling means 8 in function after the force released. These functions are continuing taken place to protect the building structure during the occurrence of the earthquake.
FIGS. 6 and 7 show another best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises an object 1 of a building structure due to an earthquake force acting on the foundation and the frame 16, thereby earthquake force through the mediums 5, according to the nature of the earthquake force may acting on all directions, the force storing means 9 in function when the mediums 5 subjected to a certain amount of force, and the force releasing means 10 in function after the force stored and the acting force is away from the mediums. These functions are continuing taken place to protect the building structure during the occurrence of the earthquake.
FIGS. 8 and 9 show another best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises an object 1 of a vehicle due to a crash in an accident, the impact force acting on some of the cells 6 to the mediums 5 therein, the force releasing means 10 in function when the cells and medium subjected to a certain amount of force. This is to protect the vehicle and passengers in case of accident.
FIG. 10 shows a special arrangement of medium cells in two directions which comprises a moveable panel 12, subjected to a striking force thereby, force first acting to two horizontal cells 6 and the mediums 5 therein, the force releasing means 10 in function when the cells and mediums subjected to a certain amount of force, then the force second acting to the vertical cell 6 and the medium 5, the force releasing means 10 in function when the cell and medium subjected to certain amount of force. Cells are supported by a fixed panel 13. This two directions of cell arrangement is to release one striking force in two or more times. FIG. 11 shows the arrangement of the cells 6 within cells 6 which comprises multiple cells and medium therein, and the force releasing means 10 therewith. According to the same principle and function, the force is released from the forcing system into the space in a multiple times, therefore the reacting force will be further reduced.
FIGS. 12 and 13 show a best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises a moving object 1 of an airplane in case of emergency landing, with cells 6, mediums 5, medium inflating means 7 and force releasing means 10. All cells are to be inflated when they are in use, otherwise all cells are not inflated and stored in the body of the airplane.
FIG. 14 shows a best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises a number of cells 6 and mediums 5 in a loop arrangement, with force releasing means 10, medium refilling means 8, and the object 1 of a wheel. According to the same principle and function, the rolling force reacting to the wheel will be continuously reduced.
FIG. 15 shows a best mode for carrying out the invention which comprises a number of elastic mediums 5 in a radius arrangement, with force storing means 9 force releasing means 10, and the object 1 of a wheel. According to the same principle and function, the rolling force reacting to the wheel will be continuously reduced.
FIGS. 16 and 17 are the same as FIGS. 12 and 13 which comprises the same elements except a number of deceleration and balancing means are equipped for use and stored in the body of the airplane.
DESCRIPTION OF TERMS AND ELEMENTS
Theory: The reacting force is less than the striking force by the principle of the energy force releasing from the forcing system into the space. Object: The objects are included, but not be limited to, land, air and water vehicles, passengers, related facilities, building structures, occupants, vibrating machines, sensitive equipments and instruments, and dangerous goods such as dynamite, nuclear fuel and chemical substances.
Striking force: Striking force is a force acting on an object.
Energy force: Energy force is a force created by a striking force in a medium of a forcing system. It is confined either by a cell structure or force storing means.
Reacting force: Reacting force is a force responding to a striking force.
Medium: Mediums are included, but not be limited to, air, gases, solids, liquids and elastic materials.
Medium cell structure: Medium cell structures are made of suitable elastic and rigid materials.
Medium cell structure inflating means: A means inflates the cell structure with suitable medium.
Medium refilling means: A means refills medium into the medium cell structure.
Force releasing means: A means releases energy force from the forcing system into the space.
Force measuring means: A means measures the amount of forces in a particular forcing system.
Space: Space is an unlimited open space or and a confined space.
Panel: Panels are the movable and fixed relative to an object. Function: The medium is functioning to create and release the energy force due to a striking force in a particular forcing system. The release of energy force will not react to the object by the principle of force releasing into the space.
Force storing means: A means stores energy force in the medium. It is functioning while a striking force acts on the elastic medium. The elastic medium is shortening in the direction of the striking force. The energy force is confined and stored in the medium until the striking force or vibrating force moves away from the elastic medium. Then the elastic medium is free to return to its original configuration without reacting to the object by the principle of force releasing into the space.
Deceleration and balancing means: A means decelerates and balances the object while it is in motion.
The system of the invention is so designed, preceding to the vibration or earthquake taking place, that the cell structures, elastic mediums, objects and the supporting structures are stable and capable to withstand to the dead loads, live loads, superimposed loads and wind loads in compliance with the codes and regulations as required by the relevant Jurisdictions.
It is to be understood that although certain systems, forms, terms and objects of this invention have been presented and described, it is not to be limited thereto except as claims are included in the following claims.

Claims

1. A force measuring instrument applying a theory of reducing a reacting force due to a striking force by the principle of the force releasing from a forcing system into the space, comprising, in combination:
(a) a cell or cells structure made of suitable elastic and or rigid materials;
(b) a medium including air, gases, solids, liquidsd or elastic materials;
(c) a means for releasing force; and
(d) a means for scaling force.
2. An impact release apparatus protecting the moving and stationing objects of properties and lives due to impact from crash, vibration or earthquake by the principle of force releasing from a forcing system into the space, comprising, in combination:
(a) a cell or cells structure made of suitable elastic and or rigid materials;
(b) a medium including air, gases or liquids; and
(c) a means for releasing force.
3. An impact release apparatus protecting the moving and stationing objects of properties and lives due to impact from crash, vibration or earthquake by the principle of force releasing from a forcing system into the space, comprising, in combination:
(a) a medium of elastic material;
(b) a means for storing force; and
(c) a means for releasing force.
4. Said claim 2 thereby comprising a means of inflating the medium into said cell or cells structures.
5. The claim 2 thereby comprising a means of refilling of the medium into the cell or cells structure.
6. The claim 2 thereby comprising a movable and a fixed panels to the cell structure.
7. The claim 2 thereby comprising a number of cells in series arrangement.
8. The claim 2 thereby comprising a number of cells in parallel arrangement.
9. The claim 2 thereby comprising a number of cells in two directions arrangement.
10. The claim 2 thereby comprising a number of cells within cells arrangement.
11. The claim 2 thereby comprising a number of cells in a loop arrangement.
12. The claim 4 thereby comprising a means of deceleration and balancing of a moving object.
13. Said claim 3 thereby comprising movable and fixed panels.
14. The claim 3 thereby'comprising a number of elastic medium in a radius arrangement.
15. The claim 3 thereby including in combination of claim 2.
EP89907010A 1988-06-02 1989-05-31 Object safety protection and force measurement Withdrawn EP0378623A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US20195688A 1988-06-02 1988-06-02
US201956 1988-06-02

Publications (1)

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EP0378623A1 true EP0378623A1 (en) 1990-07-25

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EP (1) EP0378623A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03502596A (en)
KR (1) KR900702295A (en)
CN (1) CN1039112A (en)
AU (1) AU3749589A (en)
WO (1) WO1989012778A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4037485A1 (en) * 1990-11-24 1992-05-27 Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt SECURITY VEHICLE CELL
JPH11514727A (en) * 1995-11-06 1999-12-14 ユーロピアン コミユニテイ Energy absorber
IL120498A (en) * 1997-03-20 2001-04-30 Israel State External airbag protection system for helicopter
US6102611A (en) 1997-08-13 2000-08-15 Hero Products, Inc. Apparatus for protecting structural supports
JP4706240B2 (en) * 2004-11-26 2011-06-22 株式会社日立製作所 Seismic device for gantry in building
JP5267174B2 (en) * 2009-02-03 2013-08-21 ソニー株式会社 Stereolithography apparatus and modeling base
CN109084127B (en) * 2018-08-16 2020-07-03 江苏珂地石油仪器有限公司 Damping device for balancing instrument
IT201900018731A1 (en) * 2019-10-14 2021-04-14 Leonardo Spa AIRBAG SYSTEM OF SELF-ADAPTIVE TYPE FOR AIRCRAFT

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FR926845A (en) * 1946-05-13 1947-10-13 Fluid damper device
US4191496A (en) * 1977-01-05 1980-03-04 Becker Robert F Gas-bag supported structural foundation

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Title
See references of WO8912778A1 *

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AU3749589A (en) 1990-01-12
WO1989012778A1 (en) 1989-12-28
JPH03502596A (en) 1991-06-13
KR900702295A (en) 1990-12-06
CN1039112A (en) 1990-01-24

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