EP0378259A1 - High-voltage connection wire - Google Patents
High-voltage connection wire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0378259A1 EP0378259A1 EP90200017A EP90200017A EP0378259A1 EP 0378259 A1 EP0378259 A1 EP 0378259A1 EP 90200017 A EP90200017 A EP 90200017A EP 90200017 A EP90200017 A EP 90200017A EP 0378259 A1 EP0378259 A1 EP 0378259A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- insulation sheath
- connection wire
- copolymer
- sheath
- voltage connection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 polyethylene vinylacetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005670 poly(ethylene-vinyl chloride) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical class [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009781 Myrtillocactus geometrizans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000009125 Myrtillocactus geometrizans Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007706 flame test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YJOMWQQKPKLUBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(2+);phthalate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YJOMWQQKPKLUBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013872 montan acid ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- YPMOSINXXHVZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylideneantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=S YPMOSINXXHVZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YEAUATLBSVJFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraantimony hexaoxide Chemical compound O1[Sb](O2)O[Sb]3O[Sb]1O[Sb]2O3 YEAUATLBSVJFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/443—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds
Definitions
- the invention relates to a high-voltage connection wire for use in display devices such as, in particular, TV receivers and monitors for computers.
- the known high-voltage connection wires comprise an insulating sheath which is provided about the central conductor, said sheath being manufactured from polyethylene which, if desirable, is made to be flame-extinguishing by the addition of additives such as a bromine compound, cross-linked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, irradiated polyvinyl chloride, tetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene or silicone rubber.
- additives such as a bromine compound, cross-linked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, irradiated polyvinyl chloride, tetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene or silicone rubber.
- connection wires Both the electrical and the mechanical properties of the special high-voltage connection wires mentioned above must meet high requirements as regards, for example, the flame-extinguishing character, temperature resistance, moisture resistance, flexibility, permissible voltage and variation of the permissible voltage as a function of the stress present or developed in the wire. Since the wires, as stated above, are applied in displays which are used indoors in very large numbers, international research institutes keep a close check on the quality of the connection wires, both when a novel type of wire is introduced and in the subsequent period of use. It should be kept in mind that the connection wires in said display devices bring about the electric connection between the high-voltage unit and the display tube present therein. The temperature may vary substantially in this type of apparatus; besides, the wires must be passed between a variety of components, so that sharp curves are formed which bring about mechanical stress in the connection wire.
- the fluorine-containing insulation materials used so far have the advantage of a favourable temperature resistance but they are very expensive.
- polyethylene is anything but flame-extinguishing or fire-retardant.
- the polyvinyl chloride insulation material used has a low temperature resistance.
- connection wire in which the conductor is surrounded by a first insulation sheath of a copolymer of propene and at least one other alkene, the first insulation sheath being coated with a second insulation sheath which comprises polyvinyl chloride or a copolymer thereof and which is further provided with flame-extinguishing additives.
- connection wire is of exceptional quality and is completely safe for use.
- the connection wire is, in particular, highly resistant to varying climatological conditions such as temperature, humidity and the like. A relatively high electric voltage load is permissible for a long period of use and at varying mechanical stresses as a result of bending.
- the first insulation sheath is important to obtain suitable dielectric properties. In particular, the first insulation sheath provides a sufficient insulation resistance.
- connection wire comprising a first insulation sheath of polypropylene has a favourable insulation resistance in the straight condition of the wire.
- Tests have been carried out using connection wires comprising a tin-plated copper conductor having a diameter of 0.8 mm and a first insulation sheath of polypropylene.
- the layer thickness of the first insulation sheath differs, the diameter of the first insulation sheath being 1.9 mm; 2.1 mm and 2.3 mm, respectively.
- connection wires can suitably be used with voltage loads of 20 kV, 30kV and 40 kV, respectively, at temperatures up to 105 o C. However, these values apply to a straight connection wire.
- connection wire is bent to a radius of curvature which is approximately 10 times the wire diameter or less, the permissible voltage load is reduced by 40-60%.
- polypropylene is substituted by a copolymer of polypropylene and at least one other alkene, bending and, hence, mechanical tensile stress, does not lead to a reduction of the voltage load. Consequently, also when the wire is bent, a voltage load of at least 20 kV,30 kV and 40 kV, respectively, is permissible for the above-mentioned diameters of the first insulation sheath of the high-voltage connection wire.
- connection wires according to the invention were bent substantially at increased temperatures and subjected to an additional mechanical tensile stress. Even under such extreme conditions, the connection wire according to the invention remains suitable for a high voltage load. Also at an increased temperature and under tensile stress, a connection wire according to the invention comprising a conductor having a diameter of 0.8 mm, a first insulation sheath having a diameter of 1.9 mm and a second insulation sheath having a diameter of 3.2 mm, can be used at a voltage of at least 30 kV.
- a similar wire comprising the same conductor, a first insulation sheath with a diameter of 2.1 mm and a second insulation sheath with a diameter of 3.5 mm can suitably be used for a voltage load of at least 45 kV at an increased temperature and under mechanical stress.
- a service voltage of at least 60 kV is obtained by means of a high-voltage connection wire according to the invention, which comprises a conductor with a diameter of 0.8 mm, a first insulation sheath with a diameter of 2.3 mm and a second insulation sheath with a diameter of 4.2 mm.
- the copolymer is, for example, a copolymer of propene and butene or of propene and hexene.
- a very suitable copolymer is the copolymer of propene and ethene. Both block copolymers and random copolymers can be used.
- the ethene content is 2-60% by weight. In the case of block copolymers the ethene content is preferably 10-30% by weight. In the case of random copolymers the ethene content is preferably 2-40% by weight.
- the durability of the copolymer can be extended by adding auxiliary agents such as stabilizers, antioxidants and similar additives in a customary manner.
- the second insulation sheath of the high-voltage connection wire ensures that the connection wire has a flame-extinguishing character.
- the polymer basic material of the second insulation sheath is polyvinyl chloride or a copolymer of vinyl chloride.
- a suitable copolymer is the copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene vinylacetate.
- a mixture of polyvinyl chloride and another polymer substance can be used such as, for example, a mixture of polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene vinylacetate.
- Polyvinyl chloride or a copolymer thereof already has fire-retardant properties in itself.
- the material of the second insulation sheath is additionally provided with flame-extinguishing additives which are known per se such as bromine compounds, in particular aromatic bromine compounds, for example, decabromine diphenyl or decabromine diphenyl oxide.
- flame-extinguishing additives which are known per se such as bromine compounds, in particular aromatic bromine compounds, for example, decabromine diphenyl or decabromine diphenyl oxide.
- inorganic oxides or sulphides can be used such as antimony oxide or antimony sulphide.
- the second insulation sheath may be provided with customary additives such as a filler, for example, calcium carbonate, stabilizers, antioxidants and lubricants.
- the flame-extinguishing properties are established in the so-called vertical-wire flame test.
- a Tirrill gas burner is used (a Bunsen burner in which the gas and air supply can be adjusted) as well as a metal housing comprising three wall portions, i.e. a bottom plate and two parallel side plates which are arranged perpendicularly on the bottom plate.
- a specimen of the high-voltage connection wire to be investigated is arranged in the centre of the housing, perpendicularly to the bottom plate and equidistantly from the side plates.
- the Tirrill gas burner is directed at the specimen, such that the fire tube of the burner is at an angle of 20 o to the vertically arranged specimen.
- Said specimen is subjected to a flame process in which it is heated by the gas flame of the Tirrill burner for 5 periods of 15 seconds each. These active periods are alternated with rest periods of 15 seconds also, during which no heating takes place.
- the gas flame has a length of 100-125 mm and has a blue, conical flame zone having a length of 38 mm.
- the temperature at the tip of the blue conical flame zone is approximately 800 o C.
- the tip of said blue flame zone touches the specimen. After the last active heating period, it was found that the specimen stopped flaming within one minute. Moreover, in the test period, no glowing or flaming particles have formed and/or come off the specimen.
- the high-voltage connection wire according to the invention can be provided with one or more reinforcement layers which are applied to the second insulation sheath, such as a layer of a metal braid which in turn is covered with a PVC sheath.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a conductor.
- Said conductor is manufactured from, for example, Cu or Cu provided with a layer of Sn.
- the diameter of the conductor is not of essential importance. A suitable diameter ranges from, for example, 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
- the conductor may be solid or composed of a number of interwoven elementary wires, a so-called litz wire.
- a first insulation sheath 2 is provided around the conductor 1.
- a suitable method for doing this is an extrusion process.
- the thickness of the sheath 2 is determined by the voltage required during operation of the connection wire. Thus, the thickness may vary between, for example, 0.3 and 1.5 mm for service voltages of 10 kV to, for example, 100 kV or higher.
- the insulation sheath is manufactured from a copolymer of propene and ethene containing 20% by weight of ethene.
- a second insulation sheath 3 is provided around the first insulation sheath 2 by means of an extrusion process.
- the sheath 3 provides the high-voltage connection wire with flame-extinguishing properties.
- the thickness of the sheath 3 is adapted and attuned to that of the sheath 2, in such a manner that a larger layer thickness of sheath 2 leads to a larger thickness of sheath 3.
- a suitable layer thickness ranges from 1.0 to 3.0 mm.
- the sheath 3 has the following composition: 50% by weight PVC-EVA copolymer (Vinnol T.M.) 0.5% by weight lubricant (montanic acid-ester) 5% by weight stabilizer (dibasic lead phthalate) 1% by weight antioxidant (pentaerythrityl-tetrakis [3-(3,5-ditert.butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate] (Irganox T.M.) 10% by weight Sb2O3 12.5% by weight decabromine diphenyl 21% by weight CaMg(CO3)2
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a high-voltage connection wire for use in display devices such as, in particular, TV receivers and monitors for computers.
- The known high-voltage connection wires comprise an insulating sheath which is provided about the central conductor, said sheath being manufactured from polyethylene which, if desirable, is made to be flame-extinguishing by the addition of additives such as a bromine compound, cross-linked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, irradiated polyvinyl chloride, tetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene or silicone rubber.
- Both the electrical and the mechanical properties of the special high-voltage connection wires mentioned above must meet high requirements as regards, for example, the flame-extinguishing character, temperature resistance, moisture resistance, flexibility, permissible voltage and variation of the permissible voltage as a function of the stress present or developed in the wire. Since the wires, as stated above, are applied in displays which are used indoors in very large numbers, international research institutes keep a close check on the quality of the connection wires, both when a novel type of wire is introduced and in the subsequent period of use. It should be kept in mind that the connection wires in said display devices bring about the electric connection between the high-voltage unit and the display tube present therein. The temperature may vary substantially in this type of apparatus; besides, the wires must be passed between a variety of components, so that sharp curves are formed which bring about mechanical stress in the connection wire.
- The fluorine-containing insulation materials used so far have the advantage of a favourable temperature resistance but they are very expensive. The same applies to the cross-linked polyethylene used which is very expensive owing to the additional and labour-intensive cross-linking operation. Moreover, polyethylene is anything but flame-extinguishing or fire-retardant. The polyvinyl chloride insulation material used has a low temperature resistance.
- The above mentioned problems are solved by means of the connection wire according to the invention, in which the conductor is surrounded by a first insulation sheath of a copolymer of propene and at least one other alkene, the first insulation sheath being coated with a second insulation sheath which comprises polyvinyl chloride or a copolymer thereof and which is further provided with flame-extinguishing additives.
- The high-voltage connection wire according to the invention is of exceptional quality and is completely safe for use. The connection wire is, in particular, highly resistant to varying climatological conditions such as temperature, humidity and the like. A relatively high electric voltage load is permissible for a long period of use and at varying mechanical stresses as a result of bending. The first insulation sheath is important to obtain suitable dielectric properties. In particular, the first insulation sheath provides a sufficient insulation resistance.
- In experiments leading to the invention it was found that a connection wire comprising a first insulation sheath of polypropylene has a favourable insulation resistance in the straight condition of the wire. Tests have been carried out using connection wires comprising a tin-plated copper conductor having a diameter of 0.8 mm and a first insulation sheath of polypropylene. The layer thickness of the first insulation sheath differs, the diameter of the first insulation sheath being 1.9 mm; 2.1 mm and 2.3 mm, respectively. It has been found, that such connection wires can suitably be used with voltage loads of 20 kV, 30kV and 40 kV, respectively, at temperatures up to 105oC. However, these values apply to a straight connection wire. If the connection wire is bent to a radius of curvature which is approximately 10 times the wire diameter or less, the permissible voltage load is reduced by 40-60%. If polypropylene is substituted by a copolymer of polypropylene and at least one other alkene, bending and, hence, mechanical tensile stress, does not lead to a reduction of the voltage load. Consequently, also when the wire is bent, a voltage load of at least 20 kV,30 kV and 40 kV, respectively, is permissible for the above-mentioned diameters of the first insulation sheath of the high-voltage connection wire.
- In other experiments, connection wires according to the invention were bent substantially at increased temperatures and subjected to an additional mechanical tensile stress. Even under such extreme conditions, the connection wire according to the invention remains suitable for a high voltage load. Also at an increased temperature and under tensile stress, a connection wire according to the invention comprising a conductor having a diameter of 0.8 mm, a first insulation sheath having a diameter of 1.9 mm and a second insulation sheath having a diameter of 3.2 mm, can be used at a voltage of at least 30 kV. A similar wire comprising the same conductor, a first insulation sheath with a diameter of 2.1 mm and a second insulation sheath with a diameter of 3.5 mm can suitably be used for a voltage load of at least 45 kV at an increased temperature and under mechanical stress. A service voltage of at least 60 kV is obtained by means of a high-voltage connection wire according to the invention, which comprises a conductor with a diameter of 0.8 mm, a first insulation sheath with a diameter of 2.3 mm and a second insulation sheath with a diameter of 4.2 mm.
- The copolymer is, for example, a copolymer of propene and butene or of propene and hexene. A very suitable copolymer is the copolymer of propene and ethene. Both block copolymers and random copolymers can be used. Preferably, the ethene content is 2-60% by weight. In the case of block copolymers the ethene content is preferably 10-30% by weight. In the case of random copolymers the ethene content is preferably 2-40% by weight. The durability of the copolymer can be extended by adding auxiliary agents such as stabilizers, antioxidants and similar additives in a customary manner.
- The second insulation sheath of the high-voltage connection wire according to the invention ensures that the connection wire has a flame-extinguishing character. The polymer basic material of the second insulation sheath is polyvinyl chloride or a copolymer of vinyl chloride. A suitable copolymer is the copolymer of vinyl chloride and ethylene vinylacetate. Alternatively, for example, a mixture of polyvinyl chloride and another polymer substance can be used such as, for example, a mixture of polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene vinylacetate. Polyvinyl chloride or a copolymer thereof already has fire-retardant properties in itself. This can be attributed to the HCl gas formed when polyvinyl chloride is decomposed, said gas preventing or strongly hampering the oxygen supply, so that the progress of the fire is retarded. In order to obtain a satisfactory flame-extinguishing character, the material of the second insulation sheath is additionally provided with flame-extinguishing additives which are known per se such as bromine compounds, in particular aromatic bromine compounds, for example, decabromine diphenyl or decabromine diphenyl oxide. Alternatively, inorganic oxides or sulphides can be used such as antimony oxide or antimony sulphide. Further, the second insulation sheath may be provided with customary additives such as a filler, for example, calcium carbonate, stabilizers, antioxidants and lubricants.
- The flame-extinguishing properties are established in the so-called vertical-wire flame test. In this test, a Tirrill gas burner is used (a Bunsen burner in which the gas and air supply can be adjusted) as well as a metal housing comprising three wall portions, i.e. a bottom plate and two parallel side plates which are arranged perpendicularly on the bottom plate. A specimen of the high-voltage connection wire to be investigated is arranged in the centre of the housing, perpendicularly to the bottom plate and equidistantly from the side plates. The Tirrill gas burner is directed at the specimen, such that the fire tube of the burner is at an angle of 20o to the vertically arranged specimen. Said specimen is subjected to a flame process in which it is heated by the gas flame of the Tirrill burner for 5 periods of 15 seconds each. These active periods are alternated with rest periods of 15 seconds also, during which no heating takes place. The gas flame has a length of 100-125 mm and has a blue, conical flame zone having a length of 38 mm. The temperature at the tip of the blue conical flame zone is approximately 800oC. The tip of said blue flame zone touches the specimen. After the last active heating period, it was found that the specimen stopped flaming within one minute. Moreover, in the test period, no glowing or flaming particles have formed and/or come off the specimen.
- If desirable, the high-voltage connection wire according to the invention can be provided with one or more reinforcement layers which are applied to the second insulation sheath, such as a layer of a metal braid which in turn is covered with a PVC sheath.
- The invention will be explained by means of an exemplary embodiment and with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which the Figure is a cross-sectional view of a high-voltage connection wire according to the invention.
- In the Figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a conductor. Said conductor is manufactured from, for example, Cu or Cu provided with a layer of Sn. The diameter of the conductor is not of essential importance. A suitable diameter ranges from, for example, 0.5 to 1.5 mm. The conductor may be solid or composed of a number of interwoven elementary wires, a so-called litz wire. A
first insulation sheath 2 is provided around the conductor 1. A suitable method for doing this is an extrusion process. The thickness of thesheath 2 is determined by the voltage required during operation of the connection wire. Thus, the thickness may vary between, for example, 0.3 and 1.5 mm for service voltages of 10 kV to, for example, 100 kV or higher. The insulation sheath is manufactured from a copolymer of propene and ethene containing 20% by weight of ethene. - A
second insulation sheath 3 is provided around thefirst insulation sheath 2 by means of an extrusion process. Thesheath 3 provides the high-voltage connection wire with flame-extinguishing properties. The thickness of thesheath 3 is adapted and attuned to that of thesheath 2, in such a manner that a larger layer thickness ofsheath 2 leads to a larger thickness ofsheath 3. A suitable layer thickness ranges from 1.0 to 3.0 mm. Thesheath 3 has the following composition:50% by weight PVC-EVA copolymer (Vinnol T.M.) 0.5% by weight lubricant (montanic acid-ester) 5% by weight stabilizer (dibasic lead phthalate) 1% by weight antioxidant (pentaerythrityl-tetrakis [3-(3,5-ditert.butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate] (Irganox T.M.) 10% by weight Sb₂O₃ 12.5% by weight decabromine diphenyl 21% by weight CaMg(CO₃)₂
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL8900044A NL8900044A (en) | 1989-01-10 | 1989-01-10 | HIGH VOLTAGE CONNECTION WIRE. |
NL8900044 | 1989-01-10 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0378259A1 true EP0378259A1 (en) | 1990-07-18 |
EP0378259B1 EP0378259B1 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
Family
ID=19853922
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90200017A Expired - Lifetime EP0378259B1 (en) | 1989-01-10 | 1990-01-04 | High-voltage connection wire |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0378259B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH02227915A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69011695T2 (en) |
NL (1) | NL8900044A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6828022B2 (en) | 2000-02-21 | 2004-12-07 | Cables Pirelli | Fire-resistant and water-resistant halogen-free low-voltage cables |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03126309U (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 1991-12-19 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4310597A (en) * | 1978-07-10 | 1982-01-12 | Northern Telecom Limited | Low voltage electrical wire |
-
1989
- 1989-01-10 NL NL8900044A patent/NL8900044A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1990
- 1990-01-04 DE DE1990611695 patent/DE69011695T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-01-04 EP EP90200017A patent/EP0378259B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-08 JP JP2000719A patent/JPH02227915A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4310597A (en) * | 1978-07-10 | 1982-01-12 | Northern Telecom Limited | Low voltage electrical wire |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6828022B2 (en) | 2000-02-21 | 2004-12-07 | Cables Pirelli | Fire-resistant and water-resistant halogen-free low-voltage cables |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69011695T2 (en) | 1995-03-16 |
EP0378259B1 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
DE69011695D1 (en) | 1994-09-29 |
NL8900044A (en) | 1990-08-01 |
JPH02227915A (en) | 1990-09-11 |
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