EP0377378A1 - Method and apparatus for the remote control of a drill string equipment by information sequences - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the remote control of a drill string equipment by information sequences Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0377378A1
EP0377378A1 EP89403647A EP89403647A EP0377378A1 EP 0377378 A1 EP0377378 A1 EP 0377378A1 EP 89403647 A EP89403647 A EP 89403647A EP 89403647 A EP89403647 A EP 89403647A EP 0377378 A1 EP0377378 A1 EP 0377378A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
sequence
equipment
drill string
time
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89403647A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0377378B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Bardin
Guy Pignard
Jean Boulet
Pierre Morin
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
    • E21B47/18—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves through the well fluid, e.g. mud pressure pulse telemetry
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for remotely controlling drilling equipment.
  • the present invention avoids these drawbacks and untimely tripping is no longer possible because, according to the present invention, the detection of a predetermined sequence of events relating to one or more quantities detectable at the bottom of the well is required (sequence which may also be qualified as information sequence) before triggering the desired action.
  • Such quantities can be in particular quantities linked to the fluid flowing in the drill string or to the mechanical connection that constitutes the drill string.
  • the present invention relates to a method of remote control of at least one drill string equipment from an instruction issued from the surface, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - transmission from the surface of a first sequence of information conforming to a predetermined sequence, - detection of a second sequence resulting from the transmission of the first sequence and comparison of this second sequence with another predetermined sequence, - control of said equipment only in the case where there is similarity between these last two sequences.
  • this other sequence differs from the predetermined sequence transmitted on the surface only to take account of the transformations possibly due to transmission.
  • the sequences can relate to the variations as a function of time of at least one of the quantities of the following set: flow rate of the drilling fluid, speed of rotation of at least part of the drill string, or weight on the tool.
  • the sequences can also combine at least two quantities of said set.
  • the sequences can relate to the flow of drilling fluid and can include a phase of increase in flow from a first level of flow to a second level of flow in a given period of time.
  • Variations in the quantity or quantities may be carried out within a given minimum and / or maximum given period of time. Thus, it is possible according to the present invention, to define windows in time.
  • the present invention also relates to a device for remote control of at least one drill string equipment from information emitted at the surface.
  • This device comprises means for transmitting information, means for detecting said information, the latter being connected to means for actuating said equipment.
  • the emission means can be fluid pump drilling, the detection means can comprise a flow meter and a unit for processing flow measurements and the actuation means can comprise at least one solenoid valve.
  • the solenoid valve can put in communication, when energized, a reserve of pressurized oil with a chamber whose variation in volume causes the actuation of said equipment.
  • the device according to the invention may comprise a valve allowing the discharge of the oil contained in the chamber in the reserve, when the oil pressure prevailing in the oil reserve is lower than the pressure prevailing in the chamber.
  • the equipment can be a bent element with variable angle.
  • the equipment can be a stabilizer with variable geometry.
  • Figures 1 and 2 relate to a simple example of a sequence based on a fluid flow rate.
  • the actuation is done if the flow of fluid flowing in the drill string changes from one level to another within a given period of time.
  • the flow measurement is made by means of a measurement of the differential pressure Pd between the neck 1 where the pressure is designated P1 and the upstream part 2 where the pressure is designated P2 of a venturi 3, which presents l he advantage of a simple geometry creating little pressure drop and avoids the use of moving parts.
  • Pd P2 - P1
  • the pressure difference between the upstream part 2 and the neck 1 of the venturi 3 is measured by two piezoresistive sensors 4 and 5, the gauge bridges of which are connected in differential mounting.
  • the holding range of the sensors can be from 0 to 750 bars.
  • Their differential measurement range can be from 0 to 40 bars.
  • the accuracy of the measurement may be of the order of 1%.
  • the device according to the invention may include an electronic assembly having the functions, in the case of the example of FIG. 1: - supplying sensors 4 and 5 and carrying out the measurement; - the detection of a flow sequence starting with a zero flow, or considered as such Qmini, followed by the exceeding of a threshold value Qact, adjustable at the surface before the descent into the well.
  • This exceeding of the threshold value Qact must be done within a given time period DT which follows the restart of the flow rate, this time period DT can be 5 to 10 minutes.
  • the electronics can be put on standby until the next flow cut. Any actuation command is then impossible; - the setting of the flow threshold value which can be done on the basis of 16 positions, the increment between the positions being 100 liters per minute for water.
  • FIG. 2 represents a curve for variation of the flow rate Q as a function of time t.
  • This curve 6 corresponds to a flow sequence effectively giving rise to the actuation of the member to be controlled
  • the dotted horizontal line corresponds to the Qmini flow
  • the upper horizontal line corresponds to the Qact activation or activation flow threshold.
  • Qfor corresponds to the usual flow during drilling.
  • the pumps are then stopped at the surface, so that the flow detected by the electronic assembly is less than Qmini.
  • the portion 7 of the curve corresponds to the drop in flow to the almost zero level, in any case less than Qmini. This level is reached at time t2.
  • the electronic system counts the time, so as to establish whether the time elapsed between the instant t4 and the instant t5 when the flow reached the flow Qact, is less than a predetermined time DT.
  • Figure 1 shows a logic diagram corresponding to what has been described in relation to Figure 2.
  • the flow rate Q passing at a given instant in the venturi 3 is determined from the pressures P1 and P2, in particular by making the difference between these two pressures.
  • a first test is then carried out on the flow rate Q, by comparing it with a flow rate Qmini.
  • the Qmini flow rate is low and may be close to zero.
  • the clock is initialized to zero, otherwise there is no intervention on the clock.
  • a second test is then carried out, comparing the flow rate Q to an actuation flow rate Qact. If the flow Q is lower than the flow Qact, we return again to the first test, but with a new value of flow. Of course, the clock time has been increased.
  • the value of this indication corresponds to the time it took for the flow to go from the Qmini value to the Qact value.
  • the third test compares this indication to a maximum delay DT.
  • the flow sequence is a valid control sequence and there is actuation, for example by opening a solenoid valve.
  • the detection system should be put on standby until the detected flow rate becomes equal to or less than Qmini.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B represent an embodiment of the device according to the present invention applied to the actuation of a bent element at variable angle.
  • a tubular element has in its upper part a thread 8 allowing the mechanical connection to a drill string or to a drill string and in its lower part a thread 9 allowing the fixing of the continuation of the train rods or drill string.
  • the bent element comprises a shaft 10 which can slide in its upper part in the bore 11 of the body 12 and which can slide in its lower part in the bore 13 of the body 14.
  • This shaft has male grooves 15 meshing in female grooves of the body 12, alternately straight grooves 16 (parallel to the axis of the tubular body 12) and oblique (inclined relative to the axis of the tubular body 12), into which fingers 17 sliding along a perpendicular axis engage to that of the displacement of the shaft 10 and kept in contact with the shaft by springs 18, male splines 19 meshing with female splines of the body 14 only when the shaft 10 is in the high position.
  • the shaft 10 is equipped with a nozzle 20 in the low position, opposite which is a needle 21 coaxial with the movement of the shaft 10.
  • a return spring 22 maintains the shaft 10 in the high position, the grooves 19 meshing in the corresponding female grooves of the body 14.
  • the bodies 12 and 14 are free to rotate at the rotary surface 23, inclined with respect to the axes of the bodies 12 and 14 and composed of rows of cylindrical rollers 74 inserted in their raceways 25 and extractable through the holes 26 by removing the door 27.
  • a reserve of oil 28 is maintained at the pressure of the drilling fluid by means of an annular free piston 29.
  • the oil lubricates the sliding surfaces of the shaft 10 via the passage 30.
  • This passage may include a solenoid valve 31.
  • the bore 20 is carried by a tube 32 which is fixed to the shaft 10 by means of a ball joint 33.
  • This ball joint 33 as well as the ball joint allow during movement of the shaft 10 a deflection of the tube 32. This deflection remains low, since the maximum angle obtained by the bent elements is generally a few degrees.
  • the shaft 10 comprises a second piston 35.
  • This piston 35 defines with the tubular body 13 a chamber 36.
  • the piston 35 slides in the bore 13 made in the tubular body 14.
  • the chamber 36 communicates through the holes 37, 38 with the passage 30 comprising the solenoid valve 31 and therefore with the oil reserve 28 through the holes 39, 40 and 41.
  • the communication of the oil reserve 28 and the chamber 36 is carried out through the solenoid valve 31, when there is a valid control sequence, that is to say effectively corresponding to the actuation of the equipment to be ordered.
  • the reference 42 designates a venturi comprising a neck 43, an upstream zone 44 and a downstream zone 45, a pressure sensor 46 possibly differential, or two pressure sensors 4 and 5 as shown in FIG. 1.
  • This or these sensors are connected by electrical wires 49 to an electronic unit 47 which monitors the flow rates to detect the control sequence and trigger the actuation.
  • the electronic unit 47 is connected by electrical wires 48 to a solenoid valve or to a solenoid valve 31.
  • the reference 50 designates an external connector which makes it possible to communicate on the surface with the electronic unit 47 without dismantling the entire device according to the invention.
  • This connector is connected to the box 47 by electrical wires 51. It is also possible to program the electronic box or to empty the memories without dismantling the connection.
  • the electronic unit sends, possibly after a time delay adjustable in the workshop between 0 and 60 seconds, a control signal, for the opening of the solenoid valve 31, which will take place once the flow sequence detected.
  • This control signal can be maintained until the next stop of the flow or passage of the flow below the Qmini value.
  • the electronic unit can also memorize the hours at which a control signal has been transmitted.
  • the electronic box can be powered by a set of rechargeable or non-rechargeable batteries.
  • the supply voltage can be 24 volts, the power required for the operation of a solenoid valve is 15 watt.
  • the opening of the solenoid valve 31 puts the oil reserve 28 in communication with the chamber 36.
  • the flow of fluid which passes through the device creates a pressure drop which causes a force tending to act on the piston 29 to expel the oil from the reserve 28 towards the chamber 36.
  • the needle 21 includes a bead 52 so that, when the nozzle 20 arrives there, there is a variation in the pressure drop which results, at constant flow rate, in a detectable pressure variation at the surface, which informs the operators that the shaft 10 has reached its low position.
  • the rise of the shaft 10 is done by lowering or canceling the flow rate, so that the forces exerted on the pistons 29 and 35 are low enough for the spring 22 to return the shaft 10 to its high position. .
  • the solenoid valve 31 may include a valve authorizing the flow of oil to the oil reserve when there is a pressure gradient in this direction and blocks flow when the gradient is in the opposite direction.
  • Figure 6 schematically illustrates such an arrangement.
  • Reference 53 designates the oil reserve and its piston. These references correspond to references 29 and 28 in FIG. 3A.
  • the reference 54 designates the chamber for receiving the pressurized fluid and the working piston which correspond substantially to the references 16 and 35 of FIG. 3B.
  • the reference 55 designates a solenoid valve equipped with accessories.
  • Reference 56 designates the solenoid valve itself.
  • the reference 57 designates a manual safety valve
  • the reference 58 a non-return type valve which makes it possible to empty the chamber 59 when the pressure in the reserve 60 is lower than that of the chamber 59.
  • the reference 61 designates a calibrated valve authorizing the flow of the reserve 60 towards the chamber 59, if the pressure difference between these two zones is greater than a critical value which can be fixed at 40 or 50 bars.
  • the present invention can be applied to the actuation of a stabilizer with variable geometry, such as that described in patent FR-2,579,662.
  • the shaft 10 will be coaxial with the tubular bodies 12 and 14 and it will be useless to use the ball joint 33.
  • the present invention makes it possible to control two different pieces of equipment from two different sequences.
  • FIG. 5 represents two curves 62 and 63 corresponding to two different flow sequences.
  • the first curve 62 corresponds, for example, to the triggering of the actuation of a variable angle elbow and the second 63 to the actuation of a stabilizer with variable geometry and that of the elbow element with variable angle.
  • Such a procedure can be implemented by setting end to end a set strictly similar to that of FIGS. 3A and 3B and another derivative of FIGS. 3A and 3B, but which controls a stabilizer with variable geometry.
  • the actuation of the stabilizer is triggered the number of times necessary to put it in the desired position, then the actuation of the elbow element is triggered, without triggering the stabilizer, the number of times desired to put it in the desired position.
  • variable geometry stabilizer and the variable angle bent element are in the desired configurations.
  • Figure 4 shows a trigger sequence that avoids the use of an accurate flow sensor.
  • the debit sequence corresponds to a succession of crossings of two thresholds Q1 and Q2 which must be carried out within a period of less than DT.
  • sequences include a variation of a magnitude of the whole flow rate of the drilling fluid, speed of rotation of at least part of the drill string or weight on the tool in a maximum time, you can impose a minimum time and combine these two time limits.
  • the desired variation should occur in a window in predetermined time
  • the detected sequence triggers the command only if the variation of flow rates from Qmini to Qact takes place in a period of time greater than 5 minutes, but less than 10 minutes.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the remote control of at least one piece of drill-string equipment from an instruction transmitted from the surface. The method according to the invention involves the following steps - transmission from the surface of a first information sequence conforming to a predetermined sequence, - detection of a second sequence resulting from the transmission of the first sequence and comparison of this second sequence with another predetermined sequence, - if there is identity between these last two sequences, the control of said piece of equipment is carried out. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne une méthode et un dispositif pour commander à distance un équipement de train de forage.The present invention relates to a method and a device for remotely controlling drilling equipment.

Généralement, la commande d'un tel équipement se fait par un câble électrique Or, l'utilisation d'un câble représente une gène considérable pour le foreur du fait de la présence même du câble soit à l'intérieur du train de tiges, soit dans l'espace annulaire entre le train de tiges et les parois du puits.Generally, the control of such equipment is done by an electric cable Or, the use of a cable represents a considerable gene for the driller because of the very presence of the cable either inside the drill string, or in the annular space between the drill string and the walls of the well.

Il a été proposé d'effectuer de telles commandes par la détection d'un seuil de débit ou débit d'activation d'un fluide incompressible, comme décrit dans le brevet FR-2.575.793. De tels dispositifs peuvent présenter des déclenchements intempestifs de l'organe à commander, du fait de l'instabilité des écoulements dans le train de tige de forage.It has been proposed to carry out such commands by detecting a flow threshold or activation flow of an incompressible fluid, as described in patent FR-2,575,793. Such devices can have untimely trips of the member to be controlled, due to the instability of the flows in the drill string.

La présente invention évite ces inconvénients et les déclenchements intempestifs ne sont plus possibles car selon la présente invention, on impose la détection d'une séquence prédéterminée d'événements concernant une ou plusieurs grandeurs détectables en fond de puits (séquence qui pourra être également qualifiée de séquence d'information) avant le déclenchement de l'action souhaitée.The present invention avoids these drawbacks and untimely tripping is no longer possible because, according to the present invention, the detection of a predetermined sequence of events relating to one or more quantities detectable at the bottom of the well is required (sequence which may also be qualified as information sequence) before triggering the desired action.

De telles grandeurs peuvent être notamment des grandeurs liées au fluide s'écoulant dans le train de tiges ou à la liaison mécanique que constitue le train de tiges.Such quantities can be in particular quantities linked to the fluid flowing in the drill string or to the mechanical connection that constitutes the drill string.

On pourra ainsi utiliser le débit de fluides circulant dans le train de tiges, le poids sur l'outil et/ou la vitesse de rotation de l'outil.It will thus be possible to use the flow rate of fluids circulating in the drill string, the weight on the tool and / or the speed of rotation of the tool.

D'une manière plus générale la présente invention concerne une méthode de télécommande d'au moins un équipement de train de tiges de forage à partir d'une instruction émise depuis la surface, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte les étapes suivantes :
- émission à partir de la surface d'une première séquence d'informations conforme à une séquence prédéterminée,
- détection d'une deuxième séquence résultant de la transmission de la première séquence et comparaison de cette deuxième séquence à une autre séquence prédéterminée,
- commande dudit équipement seulement dans le cas où il y a similitude entre ces deux dernières séquences.More generally, the present invention relates to a method of remote control of at least one drill string equipment from an instruction issued from the surface, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- transmission from the surface of a first sequence of information conforming to a predetermined sequence,
- detection of a second sequence resulting from the transmission of the first sequence and comparison of this second sequence with another predetermined sequence,
- control of said equipment only in the case where there is similarity between these last two sequences.

Il est bien certain que cette autre séquence ne diffère de la séquence prédéterminée émise en surface que pour tenir compte des transformations dues éventuellement à la transmission.It is quite certain that this other sequence differs from the predetermined sequence transmitted on the surface only to take account of the transformations possibly due to transmission.

Les séquences peuvent concerner les variations en fonction du temps d'au moins l'une des grandeurs de l'ensemble suivant : débit du fluide de forage, vitesse de rotation d'une partie au moins du train de tiges, ou poids sur l'outil.The sequences can relate to the variations as a function of time of at least one of the quantities of the following set: flow rate of the drilling fluid, speed of rotation of at least part of the drill string, or weight on the tool.

Les séquences peuvent également combiner au moins deux grandeurs dudit ensemble.The sequences can also combine at least two quantities of said set.

Les séquences peuvent concerner le débit de fluide de forage et peuvent comporter une phase de montée en débit d'un premier niveau de débit à un deuxième niveau de débit dans un laps de temps donné.The sequences can relate to the flow of drilling fluid and can include a phase of increase in flow from a first level of flow to a second level of flow in a given period of time.

Les variations de la grandeur ou des grandeurs pourront s'effectuer dans un laps de temps minimum donné et/ou maximum donné. Ainsi, il est possible selon la présente invention, de définir des fenêtres en temps.Variations in the quantity or quantities may be carried out within a given minimum and / or maximum given period of time. Thus, it is possible according to the present invention, to define windows in time.

La présente invention concerne aussi un dispositif de télécommande d'au moins un équipement de train de tiges de forage à partir d'informations émises en surface.The present invention also relates to a device for remote control of at least one drill string equipment from information emitted at the surface.

Ce dispositif comporte des moyens d'émission de l'information, des moyens de détection de ladite information, ces derniers étant reliés à des moyens d'actionnement dudit équipement.This device comprises means for transmitting information, means for detecting said information, the latter being connected to means for actuating said equipment.

Les moyens d'émission peuvent être des pompes de fluide de forage, les moyens de détection peuvent comporter un débimètre et un boîtier de traitement des mesures de débit et les moyens d'actionnement peuvent comporter au moins une électrovanne.The emission means can be fluid pump drilling, the detection means can comprise a flow meter and a unit for processing flow measurements and the actuation means can comprise at least one solenoid valve.

L'électrovanne peut mettre en communication, lorsqu'elle est excitée, une réserve d'huile sous pression avec une chambre dont la variation de volume entraîne l'actionnement dudit équipement.The solenoid valve can put in communication, when energized, a reserve of pressurized oil with a chamber whose variation in volume causes the actuation of said equipment.

Le dispositif selon l'invention peut comporter un clapet permettant la décharge de l'huile contenue dans la chambre dans la réserve, lorsque la pression d'huile régnant dans la réserve d'huile est inférieure à la pression régnant dans la chambre.The device according to the invention may comprise a valve allowing the discharge of the oil contained in the chamber in the reserve, when the oil pressure prevailing in the oil reserve is lower than the pressure prevailing in the chamber.

L'équipement peut être un élément coudé à angle variable.The equipment can be a bent element with variable angle.

L'équipement peut être un stabilisateur à géométrie variable.The equipment can be a stabilizer with variable geometry.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise et ses avantages apparaîtront plus clairement à la description qui suit d'exemples particuliers, nullement limitatifs, illustrés par les figures ci-annexées parmi lesquelles :

  • - la figure 1 représente un diagramme logique correspondant à une séquence d'informations concernant une grandeur liée au débit, en l'occurence la différence de pressions entre un point amont d'un venturi et la pression au col de ce venturi,
  • - la figure 2 illustre un exemple de variation de la différence de pression en fonction du temps, dans le cas de la séquence de la figure 1,
  • - les figures 3A et 3B montrent un dispositif permettant la mise en oeuvre de la méthode selon l'invention,
  • - les figures 4 et 5 représentent d'autres types de séquence, et
  • - la figure 6 illustre schématiquement un dispositif selon l'invention.
The present invention will be better understood and its advantages will appear more clearly on description which follows of particular examples, in no way limiting, illustrated by the appended figures among which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a logic diagram corresponding to a sequence of information concerning a quantity linked to the flow rate, in this case the difference in pressures between an upstream point of a venturi and the pressure at the neck of this venturi,
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example of variation of the pressure difference as a function of time, in the case of the sequence of FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B show a device allowing the implementation of the method according to the invention,
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 represent other types of sequence, and
  • - Figure 6 schematically illustrates a device according to the invention.

Les figures 1 et 2 concernent un exemple simple de séquence fondée sur un débit de fluide. Selon cet exemple, l'actionnement se fait si le débit de fluide circulant dans le train de tiges passe d'un niveau à un autre dans un laps de temps donné.Figures 1 and 2 relate to a simple example of a sequence based on a fluid flow rate. In this example, the actuation is done if the flow of fluid flowing in the drill string changes from one level to another within a given period of time.

La mesure de débit se fait par l'intermédiaire d'une mesure de la pression différentielle Pd entre le col 1 où la pression est désignée P₁ et la partie amont 2 où la pression est désignée P₂ d'un venturi 3, ce qui présente l'avantage d'une géométrie simple créant peu de pertes de charge et évite l'utilisation de pièces en mouvement.
Pd = P₂ - P₁The flow measurement is made by means of a measurement of the differential pressure Pd between the neck 1 where the pressure is designated P₁ and the upstream part 2 where the pressure is designated P₂ of a venturi 3, which presents l he advantage of a simple geometry creating little pressure drop and avoids the use of moving parts.
Pd = P₂ - P₁

La mesure de l'écart de pression entre la partie amont 2 et le col 1 du venturi 3 est réalisée par deux capteurs piézorésistifs 4 et 5 dont les ponts de jauges sont connectés en montage différentiel.The pressure difference between the upstream part 2 and the neck 1 of the venturi 3 is measured by two piezoresistive sensors 4 and 5, the gauge bridges of which are connected in differential mounting.

La plage de tenue des capteurs pourra être de 0 à 750 bars.The holding range of the sensors can be from 0 to 750 bars.

Leur plage de mesure différentielle pourra être de 0 à 40 bars.Their differential measurement range can be from 0 to 40 bars.

La précision de la mesure pourra être de l'ordre de 1 %.The accuracy of the measurement may be of the order of 1%.

Le dispositif selon l'invention pourra comporter un ensemble électronique ayant pour fonctions, dans le cas de l'exemple de la figure 1 :
- l'alimentation des capteurs 4 et 5 et la réalisation de la mesure ;
- la détection d'une séquence de débit débutant par un débit nul, ou considéré comme tel Qmini, suivi par le dépassement d'une valeur-­seuil Qact, réglable en surface avant la descente dans le puits. Ce dépassement de la valeur-seuil Qact devra se faire dans un laps de temps DT donné qui suit le redémarrage du débit, ce délai DT peut être de 5 à 10 minutes. Ce laps de temps DT écoulé, si la séquence n'a pas été complétée de la manière prévue, l'électronique peut être mise en veille jusqu'à la prochaine coupure de débit. Toute commande d'actionnement est alors impossible ;
- le réglage de la valeur-seuil de débit qui peut se faire sur la base de 16 positions, l'incrément entre les positions étant de 100 litres par minute pour de l'eau.The device according to the invention may include an electronic assembly having the functions, in the case of the example of FIG. 1:
- supplying sensors 4 and 5 and carrying out the measurement;
- the detection of a flow sequence starting with a zero flow, or considered as such Qmini, followed by the exceeding of a threshold value Qact, adjustable at the surface before the descent into the well. This exceeding of the threshold value Qact must be done within a given time period DT which follows the restart of the flow rate, this time period DT can be 5 to 10 minutes. After this time DT has elapsed, if the sequence has not been completed in the planned manner, the electronics can be put on standby until the next flow cut. Any actuation command is then impossible;
- the setting of the flow threshold value which can be done on the basis of 16 positions, the increment between the positions being 100 liters per minute for water.

La figure 2 représente une courbe de variation du débit Q en fonction du temps t.FIG. 2 represents a curve for variation of the flow rate Q as a function of time t.

Cette courbe 6 correspond à une séquence de débit donnant lieu, effectivement, à l'actionnement de l'organe à commanderThis curve 6 corresponds to a flow sequence effectively giving rise to the actuation of the member to be controlled

Le trait horizontal pointillé correspond au débit Qmini, le trait horizontal supérieur correspond au seuil de débit d'activation ou d'actionnement Qact.The dotted horizontal line corresponds to the Qmini flow, the upper horizontal line corresponds to the Qact activation or activation flow threshold.

Sur ce diagramme, Qfor correspond au débit habituel en cours de forage.On this diagram, Qfor corresponds to the usual flow during drilling.

On décide de commander à l'instant t₁ le dispositif à actionner.It is decided to order at the instant t₁ the device to be actuated.

On stoppe alors les pompes en surface, de manière à ce que le débit détecté par l'ensemble électronique soit inférieur à Qmini.The pumps are then stopped at the surface, so that the flow detected by the electronic assembly is less than Qmini.

La portion 7 de la courbe correspond à la baisse de débit jusqu'au niveau presque nul, en tout cas inférieur à Qmini. Ce niveau est atteint à l'instant t₂.The portion 7 of the curve corresponds to the drop in flow to the almost zero level, in any case less than Qmini. This level is reached at time t₂.

A l'instant t₃, on redémarre les pompes et à t₄ et on franchit le seuil Qmini.At time t₃, the pumps are restarted and at t₄ and the threshold Qmini is crossed.

A partir de cet instant, le système électronique comptabilise le temps, de manière à établir si le délai écoulé entre l'instant t₄ et l'instant t₅ où le débit a atteint le débit Qact, est inférieur à un délai prédéterminé DT.From this instant, the electronic system counts the time, so as to establish whether the time elapsed between the instant t₄ and the instant t₅ when the flow reached the flow Qact, is less than a predetermined time DT.

Dans le cas de la figure 2, il a été supposé que la réponse est oui. Après un retard r = t₆ - t₇, il y a actionnement de l'organe à commander jusqu'à l'instant t₈. A partir de ce moment, il est possible de commander l'arrêt des pompes.In the case of Figure 2, it has been assumed that the answer is yes. After a delay r = t₆ - t₇, there is actuation of the member to be controlled until time t₈. From this moment, it is possible to control the stopping of the pumps.

La partie inférieure de la figure 1 montre un diagramme logique correspondant à ce qui a été décrit en relation avec la figure 2.The lower part of Figure 1 shows a logic diagram corresponding to what has been described in relation to Figure 2.

Le débit Q passant à un instant donné dans le venturi 3 est déterminé à partir des pressions P₁ et P₂, notamment en faisant la différence de ces deux pressions.The flow rate Q passing at a given instant in the venturi 3 is determined from the pressures P₁ and P₂, in particular by making the difference between these two pressures.

On effectue ensuite un premier test sur le débit Q, en le comparant à un débit Qmini. Le débit Qmini est faible et peut être voisin de zéro.A first test is then carried out on the flow rate Q, by comparing it with a flow rate Qmini. The Qmini flow rate is low and may be close to zero.

Dans le cas où le débit Q est inférieur ou égal à Qmini, on initialise l'horloge à zéro, dans le cas contraire on n'intervient pas sur l'horloge.In the case where the flow rate Q is less than or equal to Qmini, the clock is initialized to zero, otherwise there is no intervention on the clock.

On effectue ensuite un deuxième test, comparant le débit Q à un débit d'actionnement Qact. Si le débit Q est inférieur au débit Qact, on revient à nouveau au premier test, mais avec une nouvelle valeur de débit. Bien entendu, le temps de l'horloge a été incrémenté.A second test is then carried out, comparing the flow rate Q to an actuation flow rate Qact. If the flow Q is lower than the flow Qact, we return again to the first test, but with a new value of flow. Of course, the clock time has been increased.

Si au deuxième test le débit Q est supérieur au débit Qact, on effectue alors un troisième test sur le temps indiqué par l'horloge.If on the second test the flow Q is greater than the flow Qact, a third test is then carried out over the time indicated by the clock.

La valeur de cette indication correspond au temps qu'il a fallu au débit pour passer de la valeur Qmini à la valeur Qact.The value of this indication corresponds to the time it took for the flow to go from the Qmini value to the Qact value.

Le troisième test compare cette indication à un délai maximum DT.The third test compares this indication to a maximum delay DT.

Si le temps indiqué par l'horloge est inférieur à DT, alors c'est que la séquence de débit est une séquence de commande valide et il y a actionnement, par exemple par l'ouverture d'une électrovanne.If the time indicated by the clock is less than DT, then the flow sequence is a valid control sequence and there is actuation, for example by opening a solenoid valve.

Dans le cas contraire, il convient de mettre le système de détection en veille jusqu'à ce que le débit détecté redevienne égal ou inférieur à Qmini.Otherwise, the detection system should be put on standby until the detected flow rate becomes equal to or less than Qmini.

Ceci peut être obtenu comme représenté à la figure 1, c'est-à-dire en revenant au début du premier test et en laissant s'incrémenter le temps de l'horloge.This can be obtained as shown in Figure 1, that is to say by returning to the start of the first test and allowing the clock time to increment.

Ainsi, il apparait clairement que, si en cours de phase de forage (ayant déjà duré pendant au moins un temps DT) avec un débit de liquide Qfor il y avait accidentellement une augmentation du débit de forage jusqu'au débit d'actionnement, l'actionnement en lui-même ne sera pas réalisé, car le délai pour passer de Qmini à Qact sera supérieur à DT.Thus, it clearly appears that, during the drilling phase (having already lasted for at least a time DT) with a flow of liquid Qfor, there was accidentally an increase in the drilling flow up to the actuation flow, l actuation in itself will not be carried out, because the time to pass from Qmini to Qact will be greater than DT.

Les figures 3A et 3B représentent un mode de réalisation du dispositif selon la présente invention appliqué à l'actionnement d'un élément coudé à angle variable.FIGS. 3A and 3B represent an embodiment of the device according to the present invention applied to the actuation of a bent element at variable angle.

Selon ce mode de réalisation, un élément de forme tubulaire comporte dans sa partie supérieure un taraudage 8 permettant la liaison mécanique à un train de tiges ou à une garniture de forage et dans sa partie inférieure un filetage 9 permettant la fixation de la suite du train de tiges ou de la garniture de forage.According to this embodiment, a tubular element has in its upper part a thread 8 allowing the mechanical connection to a drill string or to a drill string and in its lower part a thread 9 allowing the fixing of the continuation of the train rods or drill string.

L'élément coudé comporte un arbre 10 pouvant coulisser dans sa partie supérieure dans l'alésage 11 du corps 12 et pouvant coulisser dans sa partie inférieure dans l'alésage 13 du corps 14. Cet arbre comporte des cannelures mâles 15 engrenant dans des cannelures femelles du corps 12, des rainures 16 alternativement droites (parallèles à l'axe du corps tubulaire 12) et obliques (inclinées par rapport à l'axe du corps tubulaire 12), dans lesquelles viennent s'engager des doigts 17 coulissant suivant un axe perpendiculaire à celui du déplacement de l'arbre 10 et maintenus en contact avec l'arbre par des ressorts 18, des cannelures mâles 19 engrenant avec des cannelures femelles du corps 14 uniquement lorsque l'arbre 10 est en position haute.The bent element comprises a shaft 10 which can slide in its upper part in the bore 11 of the body 12 and which can slide in its lower part in the bore 13 of the body 14. This shaft has male grooves 15 meshing in female grooves of the body 12, alternately straight grooves 16 (parallel to the axis of the tubular body 12) and oblique (inclined relative to the axis of the tubular body 12), into which fingers 17 sliding along a perpendicular axis engage to that of the displacement of the shaft 10 and kept in contact with the shaft by springs 18, male splines 19 meshing with female splines of the body 14 only when the shaft 10 is in the high position.

L'arbre 10 est équipé d'un dusage 20 en position basse, en face duquel se trouve une aiguille 21 coaxiale au déplacement de l'arbre 10. Un ressort de rappel 22 maintient l'arbre 10 en position haute, les cannelures 19 engrenant dans les cannelures femelles correspondantes du corps 14. Les corps 12 et 14 sont libres en rotation au niveau de la portée tournante 23, inclinée par rapport aux axes des corps 12 et 14 et composée de rangées de galets cylindriques 74 insérés dans leurs chemins de roulement 25 et extractibles à travers les orifices 26 en démontant la porte 27.The shaft 10 is equipped with a nozzle 20 in the low position, opposite which is a needle 21 coaxial with the movement of the shaft 10. A return spring 22 maintains the shaft 10 in the high position, the grooves 19 meshing in the corresponding female grooves of the body 14. The bodies 12 and 14 are free to rotate at the rotary surface 23, inclined with respect to the axes of the bodies 12 and 14 and composed of rows of cylindrical rollers 74 inserted in their raceways 25 and extractable through the holes 26 by removing the door 27.

Une réserve d'huile 28 est maintenue à la pression du fluide de forage par l'intermédiaire d'un piston libre annulaire 29. L'huile vient lubrifier les surfaces coulissantes de l'arbre 10 par l'intermédiaire du passage 30. Ce passage peut comporter une électrovanne 31.A reserve of oil 28 is maintained at the pressure of the drilling fluid by means of an annular free piston 29. The oil lubricates the sliding surfaces of the shaft 10 via the passage 30. This passage may include a solenoid valve 31.

Le dusage 20 est porté par un tube 32 qui est fixé à l'arbre 10 par l'intermédiaire d'une rotule 33. Cette rotule 33 ainsi que la rotule 34 permettent lors du déplacement de l'arbre 10 un fléchissement du tube 32. Ce fléchissement reste faible, puisque l'angle maximum obtenu par les éléments coudés est généralement de quelques degrés.The bore 20 is carried by a tube 32 which is fixed to the shaft 10 by means of a ball joint 33. This ball joint 33 as well as the ball joint allow during movement of the shaft 10 a deflection of the tube 32. This deflection remains low, since the maximum angle obtained by the bent elements is generally a few degrees.

L'arbre 10 comporte un deuxième piston 35. Ce piston 35 définit avec le corps tubulaire 13 une chambre 36. Le piston 35 coulisse dans l'alésage 13 réalisé dans le corps tubulaire 14. La chambre 36 communique par les perçages 37, 38 avec le passage 30 comportant l'électrovanne 31 et donc avec la réserve à huile 28 à travers les perçages 39, 40 et 41.The shaft 10 comprises a second piston 35. This piston 35 defines with the tubular body 13 a chamber 36. The piston 35 slides in the bore 13 made in the tubular body 14. The chamber 36 communicates through the holes 37, 38 with the passage 30 comprising the solenoid valve 31 and therefore with the oil reserve 28 through the holes 39, 40 and 41.

La mise en communication de la réserve à huile 28 et de la chambre 36 s'effectue à travers l'électrovanne 31, lorsqu'il y a une séquence de commande valide, c'est-à-dire correspondant effectivement à l'actionnement de l'équipement à commander.The communication of the oil reserve 28 and the chamber 36 is carried out through the solenoid valve 31, when there is a valid control sequence, that is to say effectively corresponding to the actuation of the equipment to be ordered.

La référence 42 désigne un venturi comportant un col 43, une zone amont 44 et une zone aval 45, un capteur de pression 46 éventuellement différentiel, ou deux capteurs de pression 4 et 5 comme représenté à la figure 1.The reference 42 designates a venturi comprising a neck 43, an upstream zone 44 and a downstream zone 45, a pressure sensor 46 possibly differential, or two pressure sensors 4 and 5 as shown in FIG. 1.

Ce ou ces capteurs sont connectés par des fils électriques 49 à un boîtier électronique 47 qui réalise la surveillance des débits pour détecter la séquence de commande et déclencher l'actionnement. Pour ce faire, le boîtier électronique 47 est relié par des fils électriques 48 à une électrovanne ou à un électrodistributeur 31.This or these sensors are connected by electrical wires 49 to an electronic unit 47 which monitors the flow rates to detect the control sequence and trigger the actuation. To do this, the electronic unit 47 is connected by electrical wires 48 to a solenoid valve or to a solenoid valve 31.

La référence 50 désigne un connecteur extérieur qui permet de communiquer en surface avec le boîtier électronique 47 sans démonter l'ensemble du dispositif selon l'invention. Ce connecteur est relié au boîtier 47 par des fils électriques 51. Il est aussi possible de programmer le boîtier électronique ou d'en vider les mémoires sans démonter le raccord.The reference 50 designates an external connector which makes it possible to communicate on the surface with the electronic unit 47 without dismantling the entire device according to the invention. This connector is connected to the box 47 by electrical wires 51. It is also possible to program the electronic box or to empty the memories without dismantling the connection.

Lors d'une détection d'une séquence de débit, le boîtier électronique envoie, éventuellement après une temporisation réglable en atelier entre 0 et 60 secondes, un signal de commande, pour l'ouverture de l'électrodistributeur 31, qui aura lieu une fois la séquence de débit détectée. Ce signal de commande peut être maintenu jusqu'au prochain arrêt du débit ou passage du débit au dessous de la valeur Qmini.When a flow sequence is detected, the electronic unit sends, possibly after a time delay adjustable in the workshop between 0 and 60 seconds, a control signal, for the opening of the solenoid valve 31, which will take place once the flow sequence detected. This control signal can be maintained until the next stop of the flow or passage of the flow below the Qmini value.

Le boîtier électronique peut également mémoriser les heures auxquelles un signal de commande aura été transmis.The electronic unit can also memorize the hours at which a control signal has been transmitted.

L'alimentation du boîtier électronique pourra se faire par un ensemble de piles rechargeables ou non. La tension d'alimentation peut être de 24 volts, la puissance nécessaire pour le fonctionnement d'un électrodistributeur est de 15 watt.The electronic box can be powered by a set of rechargeable or non-rechargeable batteries. The supply voltage can be 24 volts, the power required for the operation of a solenoid valve is 15 watt.

L'ouverture de l'électrovanne 31 met en communication la réserve d'huile 28 avec la chambre 36.The opening of the solenoid valve 31 puts the oil reserve 28 in communication with the chamber 36.

Le débit de fluide qui passe à travers le dispositif crée une perte de charge qui provoque un effort tendant à agir sur le piston 29 pour expulser l'huile de la réserve 28 vers la chambre 36.The flow of fluid which passes through the device creates a pressure drop which causes a force tending to act on the piston 29 to expel the oil from the reserve 28 towards the chamber 36.

Tant que l'électrovanne 31 est fermée, ceci n'est pas possible et l'équipement n'est donc pas activé.As long as the solenoid valve 31 is closed, this is not possible and the equipment is therefore not activated.

Dès l'instant où l'électrovanne 31 est ouverte, il y a déplacement de l'arbre 10 vers le bas et actionnement du coude à angle variable. La descente de l'arbre 10 vers le bas se fait de manière franche, du fait du système duse 20 - aiguille 21 qui, dès qu'ils coopèrent l'un avec l'autre, provoquent l'augmentation de la perte de charge et par là, accroissent les efforts tendant à faire descendre l'arbre 20.As soon as the solenoid valve 31 is open, there is displacement of the shaft 10 downwards and actuation of the variable angle elbow. The descent of the shaft 10 downwards takes place in a straightforward manner, due to the duse system 20 - needle 21 which, as soon as they cooperate with each other, cause the pressure drop to increase and thereby increase the efforts tending to lower the shaft 20.

L'aiguille 21 comporte un bourrelet 52 de manière à ce que, lorsque la duse 20 y arrive, il y ait une variation de la perte de charge qui se traduit, à débit constant, par une variation de pression détectable en surface, ce qui informe les opérateurs de ce que l'arbre 10 a atteint sa position basse.The needle 21 includes a bead 52 so that, when the nozzle 20 arrives there, there is a variation in the pressure drop which results, at constant flow rate, in a detectable pressure variation at the surface, which informs the operators that the shaft 10 has reached its low position.

La remontée de l'arbre 10 se fait par la baisse ou l'annulation du débit, de telle sorte que les efforts exercés sur les pistons 29 et 35 soient suffisamment faibles pour que le ressort 22 puisse ramener l'arbre 10 dans sa position haute.The rise of the shaft 10 is done by lowering or canceling the flow rate, so that the forces exerted on the pistons 29 and 35 are low enough for the spring 22 to return the shaft 10 to its high position. .

Afin de limiter le temps d'excitation de l'électrovanne 31 et donc d'économiser de l'énergie électrique, l'électrovanne 31 pourra comporter un clapet autorisant l'écoulement de l'huile vers la réserve d'huile lorsqu'il existe un gradient de pression dans ce sens et bloque l'écoulement lorsque le gradient est dans l'autre sens.In order to limit the excitation time of the solenoid valve 31 and therefore to save electrical energy, the solenoid valve 31 may include a valve authorizing the flow of oil to the oil reserve when there is a pressure gradient in this direction and blocks flow when the gradient is in the opposite direction.

La figure 6 illustre schématiquement un tel montage.Figure 6 schematically illustrates such an arrangement.

La référence 53 désigne la réserve d'huile et son piston. Ces références correspondent aux références 29 et 28 de la figure 3A.Reference 53 designates the oil reserve and its piston. These references correspond to references 29 and 28 in FIG. 3A.

La référence 54 désigne la chambre de réception du fluide sous pression et le piston de travail qui correspondent sensiblement aux références 16 et 35 de la figure 3B.The reference 54 designates the chamber for receiving the pressurized fluid and the working piston which correspond substantially to the references 16 and 35 of FIG. 3B.

La référence 55 désigne une électrovanne équipée d'accessoires.The reference 55 designates a solenoid valve equipped with accessories.

La référence 56 désigne l'électrovanne en elle-même.Reference 56 designates the solenoid valve itself.

La référence 57 désigne une vanne de sécurité manuelle, la référence 58 un clapet de type anti-retour qui permet de vider la chambre 59 lorsque la pression dans la réserve 60 est plus faible que celle de la chambre 59.The reference 57 designates a manual safety valve, the reference 58 a non-return type valve which makes it possible to empty the chamber 59 when the pressure in the reserve 60 is lower than that of the chamber 59.

La référence 61 désigne un clapet taré autorisant l'écoulement de la réserve 60 vers la chambre 59, si la différence de pression entre ces deux zones est supérieure à une valeur critique qui peut être fixée à 40 ou 50 bars.The reference 61 designates a calibrated valve authorizing the flow of the reserve 60 towards the chamber 59, if the pressure difference between these two zones is greater than a critical value which can be fixed at 40 or 50 bars.

Bien entendu, on ne sortira pas du cadre de la présente invention en appliquant le dispositif selon la présente invention à un équipement autre qu'un élément coudé à angle variable. Ainsi, la présente invention peut être appliquée à l'actionnement d'un stabilisateur à géométrie variable, tel que celui décrit dans le brevet FR-2.579.662. Dans ce cas, l'arbre 10 sera coaxial aux corps tubulaires 12 et 14 et il sera inutile d'utiliser la rotule 33.Of course, it will not depart from the scope of the present invention by applying the device according to the present invention to equipment other than a variable angle bent element. Thus, the present invention can be applied to the actuation of a stabilizer with variable geometry, such as that described in patent FR-2,579,662. In this case, the shaft 10 will be coaxial with the tubular bodies 12 and 14 and it will be useless to use the ball joint 33.

On ne sortira pas du cadre de la présente invention en utilisant d'autres types de séquences combinant ou non plusieurs paramètres.It will not depart from the scope of the present invention to use other types of sequences which may or may not combine several parameters.

Il est donné ci-après des exemples de combinaison de paramètres :

  • 1) débit de fluide supérieur à un seuil donné et poids sur l'outil inférieur à un seuil donné, ou alternativement supérieur à un seuil donné,
  • 2) débit de fluide supérieur à un seuil donné et vitesse de rotation de la garniture comprise dans une plage donnée,
  • 3) la séquence de commande peut être uniquement basée sur des variations du poids exercé sur l'outil de forage,
  • 4) la séquence de commande peut être basée sur les variations du poids exercé sur l'outil de forage, mais à condition que le débit de fluide de forage soit inférieur à un débit donné qui peut être relativement faible ou nul.
Examples of combinations of parameters are given below:
  • 1) fluid flow rate greater than a given threshold and weight on the tool less than a given threshold, or alternatively greater than a given threshold,
  • 2) fluid flow above a given threshold and speed of rotation of the filling within a given range,
  • 3) the control sequence can only be based on variations in the weight exerted on the drilling tool,
  • 4) the control sequence can be based on variations in the weight exerted on the drilling tool, but provided that the flow of drilling fluid is less than a given flow which can be relatively low or zero.

La présente invention permet de commander deux équipements différents à partir de deux séquences différentes.The present invention makes it possible to control two different pieces of equipment from two different sequences.

La figure 5 représente deux courbes 62 et 63 correspondant à deux séquences de débit différentes.FIG. 5 represents two curves 62 and 63 corresponding to two different flow sequences.

La première courbe 62 correspond, par exemple, au déclenchement de l'actionnement d'un coude à angle variable et la deuxième 63 à l'actionnement d'un stabilisateur à géométrie variable et à celle de l'élément coudé à angle variable.The first curve 62 corresponds, for example, to the triggering of the actuation of a variable angle elbow and the second 63 to the actuation of a stabilizer with variable geometry and that of the elbow element with variable angle.

Dans cet exemple, on peut considérer que pour déclencher la commande de l'élément coudé à angle variable, il est nécessaire que le débit passe d'un débit Qmini à un débit supérieur à un débit donné Qactcou en un laps de temps inférieur à DT. De même que pour déclencher la commande du stabilisateur à géométrie variable, il est nécessaire que le débit de fluide de forage passe d'un débit Qmini1 à un débit supérieur à un débit donné Qactstab en un laps de temps inférieur à DT1.In this example, we can consider that to trigger the command of the elbow element at variable angle, it is necessary that the flow passes from a flow Qmini to a flow greater than a given flow Qactcou in a period of time less than DT . Just as to trigger the control of the variable geometry stabilizer, it is necessary that the flow of drilling fluid passes from a flow Qmini1 to a flow greater than a given flow Qactstab in a period of time less than DT1.

Sur la figure, on a considéré pour simplifier l'exemple, que :
Qmini = Qmini1, que DT = DT1 et que Qactstab > QactcouIn the figure, to simplify the example, we have considered that:
Qmini = Qmini1, that DT = DT1 and that Qactstab> Qactcou

Dans ces conditions, on voit que la séquence de débit correspondant à la courbe 62 qui a dépassé le débit Qactcou dans un délai inférieur à DT sans dépasser le débit Qactstab déclenche l'actionnement de l'élément coudé à angle variable. Alors que la courbe 63 qui a dépassé Qactstab dans un délai inférieur à DT déclenche l'actionnement du stabilisateur à géométrie variable et de l'élément coudé à angle variable.Under these conditions, it can be seen that the flow sequence corresponding to the curve 62 which has exceeded the Qactcou flow within a period of less than DT without exceeding the Qactstab flow triggers the actuation of the elbow element at variable angle. While the curve 63 which has passed Qactstab in a time less than DT triggers the actuation of the variable geometry stabilizer and the variable angle bent element.

Une telle procédure peut être mise en oeuvre en fixant bout à bout un ensemble strictement similaire à celui des figures 3A et 3B et un autre dérivé des figures 3A et 3B, mais qui commande un stabilisateur à géométrie variable.Such a procedure can be implemented by setting end to end a set strictly similar to that of FIGS. 3A and 3B and another derivative of FIGS. 3A and 3B, but which controls a stabilizer with variable geometry.

L'utilisation de la procédure décrite à la figure 5 peut être faite de la manière indiquée ci-dessous.Use of the procedure described in Figure 5 can be done as shown below.

On déclenche l'actionnement du stabilisateur le nombre de fois nécessaire pour le mettre dans la position souhaitée, puis on déclenche l'actionnement de l'élément coudé, sans déclencher le stabilisateur, le nombre de fois souhaité pour le mettre dans la position souhaitée.The actuation of the stabilizer is triggered the number of times necessary to put it in the desired position, then the actuation of the elbow element is triggered, without triggering the stabilizer, the number of times desired to put it in the desired position.

Ainsi, au terme de ces opérations, le stabilisateur à géométrie variable et l'élément coudé à angle variable sont dans les configurations souhaitées.Thus, at the end of these operations, the variable geometry stabilizer and the variable angle bent element are in the desired configurations.

La figure 4 montre une séquence de déclenchement qui évite l'utilisation d'un capteur de débit précis.Figure 4 shows a trigger sequence that avoids the use of an accurate flow sensor.

La séquence de débit correspond à une succession de franchissements de deux seuils Q₁ et Q₂ qui doivent s'effectuer dans un délai inférieur à DT.The debit sequence corresponds to a succession of crossings of two thresholds Q₁ and Q₂ which must be carried out within a period of less than DT.

Par exemple, dans un laps de temps de 10 mn, il faudrait partir de Q = 0, en fait Q < Q₁, puis avoir Q > Q₂, puis Q < Q₁, puis Q > Q₂, puis Q < Q₁, et enfin Q > Q₂, ceci correspondant à la courbe 64.For example, in a period of 10 minutes, we would have to start from Q = 0, in fact Q <Q₁, then have Q> Q₂, then Q <Q₁, then Q> Q₂, then Q <Q₁, and finally Q > Q₂, this corresponds to curve 64.

On peut avoir Q₁ = Q₂.We can have Q₁ = Q₂.

Dans des exemples précédents, il est parfois nécessaire que les séquences comportent une variation d'une grandeur de l'ensemble débit du fluide de forage, vitesse de rotation d'une partie au moins du train de tiges ou poids sur l'outil dans un laps de temps maximum, on peut imposer un laps de temps minimum et combiner ces deux limites en temps.In previous examples, it is sometimes necessary that the sequences include a variation of a magnitude of the whole flow rate of the drilling fluid, speed of rotation of at least part of the drill string or weight on the tool in a maximum time, you can impose a minimum time and combine these two time limits.

Ainsi, il convient que la variation souhaitée se produise dans une fenêtre en temps prédéterminéThus, the desired variation should occur in a window in predetermined time

Par exemple, si l'on considère comme grandeur le débit, il peut être convenu que la séquence détectée déclenche la commande que si la variation de débits de Qmini à Qact s'effectue dans un laps de temps supérieur à 5 minutes, mais inférieur à 10 minutes.For example, if the flow rate is considered as a magnitude, it can be agreed that the detected sequence triggers the command only if the variation of flow rates from Qmini to Qact takes place in a period of time greater than 5 minutes, but less than 10 minutes.

Claims (11)

1. - Méthode de télécommande d'au moins un équipement de train de tiges de forage à partir d'une instruction émise depuis la surface, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte les étapes suivantes :
- émission à partir de la surface d'une première séquence d'informations conforme à une séquence prédéterminée,
- détection d'une deuxième séquence résultant de la transmission de la première séquence et comparaison de cette deuxième séquence à une autre séquence prédéterminée,
- dans le cas où il y a similitude entre ces deux dernières séquences, on effectue la commande dudit équipement.1. - Method of remote control of at least one drill string equipment from an instruction issued from the surface, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- transmission from the surface of a first sequence of information conforming to a predetermined sequence,
- detection of a second sequence resulting from the transmission of the first sequence and comparison of this second sequence with another predetermined sequence,
- in the event that there is similarity between these last two sequences, control of said equipment is carried out. 2. - Méthode selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdites séquences concernent les variations en fonction du temps d'au moins l'une des grandeurs de l'ensemble suivant : débit du fluide de forage, vitesse de rotation d'une partie au moins du train de tiges, ou poids sur l'outil.2. - Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said sequences relate to the variations as a function of time of at least one of the quantities of the following assembly: flow rate of the drilling fluid, speed of rotation of a part at least the drill string, or weight on the tool. 3. - Méthode selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdites séquences combinent au moins deux grandeurs dudit ensemble.3. - Method according to claim 2, characterized in that said sequences combine at least two quantities of said set. 4. - Méthode selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdites séquences concernent le débit de fluide de forage et en ce qu'elles comportent une phase de montée en débit d'un premier niveau de débit à un deuxième niveau de débit dans un laps de temps donné.4. - Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said sequences relate to the flow of drilling fluid and in that they comprise a phase of increase in flow from a first level of flow to a second level of flow in a given period of time. 5. - Méthode selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des variations de ladite grandeur ou desdites grandeurs s'effectuant dans un laps de temps minimum donné et/ou maximum donné.5. - Method according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises variations of said quantity or of said quantities taking place in a given minimum time period and / or maximum given time. 6. - Dispositif de télécommande d'au moins un équipement de train de tiges de forage à partir d'informations émises en surface, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens d'émission de ladite information, des moyens de détection de ladite information, ces derniers étant reliés à des moyens d'actionnement dudit équipement.6. - Remote control device for at least one drill string equipment from information emitted on the surface, characterized in that it comprises means for transmitting said information, means for detecting said information , these the latter being connected to means for actuating said equipment. 7. - Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens d'émission sont des pompes de fluide de forage, en ce que les moyens de détection comporte un débimètre et un boîtier de traitement des mesures de débit et en ce que les moyens d'actionnement comportent au moins une électrovanne.7. - Device according to claim 6, characterized in that said emission means are drilling fluid pumps, in that the detection means comprises a flow meter and a housing for processing flow measurements and in that the actuating means comprise at least one solenoid valve. 8. - Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ladite électrovanne met en communication, lorsqu'elle est excitée, une réserve d'huile sous pression avec une chambre dont la variation de volume entraîne l'actionnement dudit équipement.8. - Device according to claim 7, characterized in that said solenoid valve communicates, when energized, a reserve of pressurized oil with a chamber whose variation in volume causes the actuation of said equipment. 9. - Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un clapet permettant la décharge de l'huile contenue dans ladite chambre vers ladite réserve lorsque la pression d'huile régnant dans la réserve d'huile est inférieure à la pression régnant dans la chambre.9. - Device according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a valve allowing the discharge of the oil contained in said chamber towards said reserve when the oil pressure prevailing in the oil reserve is lower than the pressure reigning in the room. 10. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit équipement est un élément coudé à angle variable.10. - Device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that said equipment is a bent element with variable angle. 11. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit équipement est un stabilisateur à géométrie variable.11. - Device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that said equipment is a stabilizer with variable geometry.
EP89403647A 1988-12-30 1989-12-21 Method and apparatus for the remote control of a drill string equipment by information sequences Expired - Lifetime EP0377378B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8817604 1988-12-30
FR8817604A FR2641387B1 (en) 1988-12-30 1988-12-30 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOTE CONTROL OF ROD TRAINING EQUIPMENT BY INFORMATION SEQUENCE

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EP0377378A1 true EP0377378A1 (en) 1990-07-11
EP0377378B1 EP0377378B1 (en) 1993-12-29

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US (1) US5065825A (en)
EP (1) EP0377378B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2006938A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2641387B1 (en)
NO (1) NO300393B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2641387A1 (en) 1990-07-06
FR2641387B1 (en) 1991-05-31
US5065825A (en) 1991-11-19
NO895306L (en) 1990-07-02
NO895306D0 (en) 1989-12-28
EP0377378B1 (en) 1993-12-29
NO300393B1 (en) 1997-05-20
CA2006938A1 (en) 1990-06-30

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