EP0377373B1 - Gesteuerte Richtungsbohreinrichtung mit einem Kniestückteil mit verstellbarem Winkel und deren Anwendung - Google Patents

Gesteuerte Richtungsbohreinrichtung mit einem Kniestückteil mit verstellbarem Winkel und deren Anwendung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0377373B1
EP0377373B1 EP89403565A EP89403565A EP0377373B1 EP 0377373 B1 EP0377373 B1 EP 0377373B1 EP 89403565 A EP89403565 A EP 89403565A EP 89403565 A EP89403565 A EP 89403565A EP 0377373 B1 EP0377373 B1 EP 0377373B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stabilizer
angle
variable
drilling
motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89403565A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0377373A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Bardin
Jean Boulet
Pierre Morin
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Publication of EP0377373A1 publication Critical patent/EP0377373A1/de
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Publication of EP0377373B1 publication Critical patent/EP0377373B1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/068—Deflecting the direction of boreholes drilled by a down-hole drilling motor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1014—Flexible or expansible centering means, e.g. with pistons pressing against the wall of the well
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/067—Deflecting the direction of boreholes with means for locking sections of a pipe or of a guide for a shaft in angular relation, e.g. adjustable bent sub

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drill string with controlled trajectory.
  • the gasket according to the present invention is intended to be placed at the end of a drill string.
  • This lining makes it possible to control variations in direction and inclination of the borehole in real time. In addition, it makes it possible to control the azimuth, the radius of curvature in a precise manner and to reduce the phenomena of friction and to limit the risks of jamming and this without requiring to raise said lining on the surface.
  • Document DE-C-3403239 discloses a deflection lining comprising stabilizers and bent elements. But these are at a fixed angle.
  • Document FR-A-1 247 454 relates to a device for guiding a drilling tool comprising a guide sheath with radial deformation and articulated connections. There is no question in this elbow connection document.
  • the document FR-A-2432 079 describes an elbow connector with variable geometry remote controlled, but this connector cannot be fixed between a motor element and the drilling tool.
  • the gasket according to the present invention comprises a drilling tool placed at the lower end of said gasket, a motor for rotating said tool as well as at least one stabilizer and a bent element with variable geometry, remotely controlled, that is to say ie whose angle is variable.
  • Said bent element is located between a motor element and the drilling tool and comprises a shaft for transmitting the rotation of said motor element to the drilling tool.
  • the lining according to the invention may include another stabilizer.
  • the stabilizer may be of fixed geometry or of variable geometry.
  • the bent element and / or the stabilizer may be integrated into said motor.
  • variable geometry stabilizer may include means adapted to vary the distance between the axis of said lining and the bearing surface of at least one blade of the stabilizer and / or means adapted to vary at least axially the position of the bearing surface of at least one blade of said stabilizer.
  • the packing according to the present invention may comprise at least one stabilizer which is integral in rotation with said tool.
  • the lining according to the present invention may comprise at least one stabilizer integral in rotation with the body of the engine.
  • the bent element with variable geometry can be optionally remote-controlled from the surface.
  • the packing according to the present invention may comprise, in addition to the bent element with variable geometry, a stabilizer possibly with variable geometry, as well as two other stabilizers placed on either side of said stabilizer.
  • the bent element can be integrated into said motor.
  • the present invention relates to the use of one of the fittings described above at the end of a train of rods which can be driven in rotation by drive means located on the surface.
  • the gasket according to the invention will be able to control the azimuth (of the direction of drilling), which may be facilitated by a bent element integrated in the downhole motor, no rotation being applied to the drill string from the surface.
  • the control of the radius of curvature is facilitated by the association of an elbow and a stabilizer.
  • a bent element is meant a member introducing or being able to introduce locally, if not punctually a discontinuity in the direction of the axis of the drill string. That is to say that the axis of the drill string is a broken line at the bent element.
  • the reference 1 designates the ground surface from which a well 2 is drilled.
  • the reference 3 designates the surface installation as a whole.
  • the drilling equipment 4 comprises a drill string 5 at the end of which a drilling string 6 is fixed.
  • the drill string 6 corresponds to the lower end of the drilling equipment and can be considered as part of the drill string.
  • a drill string generally has a length of a few tens of meters, of which the thirty meters closest to the drilling tool is generally considered to be active as regards the control of the trajectory.
  • the drill string comprises a drilling tool 7, a downhole motor 8, a variable angle bent element 58 and a stabilizer 9.
  • the drilling tool 7 can be driven in rotation by the bottom motor 8, or by the drill string 5 which can be driven on the surface by motor means 10, such as a rotary table.
  • the stabilizer 9 may be of fixed geometry or of variable geometry, it is understood by this, according to the present invention, that one can act on it to vary the geometric configuration of the support points of the blades on the walls of the drilled well, this variation having to be considered for the same position of the lining in the drilled well.
  • Figures 2 to 4 show different types of stabilizers with variable geometry.
  • the reference 11 designates the portion of rod which carries the stabilizer 12.
  • the stabilizer comprises several blades, two of which are shown: blades 13 and 14.
  • the blades can move so as to vary the distance d which separates the axis 15 from the rod portion 11, from the friction surface 16 of the blade 14 or 13.
  • Figure 3 shows a variable geometry stabilizer in which the blades 18 move axially, as shown by the arrows.
  • the dotted lines represent possible positions of the blades 18.
  • Figure 4 shows the case where there is a single blade 17 which moves.
  • This type of stabilizer is often called "off-set".
  • the same effect of off-center of the axis 15 is obtained by having several movable blades placed on the same side of an axial plane containing the axis 15, or by making the blades being moved more widely the same side of an axial plane containing the axis 15 as the blades located on the other side of this same plane.
  • the blades may have a helical shape, as shown in Figure 5, especially for the central stabilizer.
  • FIG. 5 represents an embodiment different from that of FIG. 1.
  • the reference 19 designates the drilling tool which is fixed to a shaft 20 driven by the motor 21.
  • the reference 22 designates a stabilizer with fixed geometry comprising blades 23 rectilinear and parallel to the axis of the lining 24.
  • Reference 73 designates a variable angle bent element.
  • the reference 25 designates a stabilizer with fixed geometry comprising blades 26 having friction or cutting surfaces 27.
  • the blades have a helical shape.
  • the reference 28 designates a stabilizer with a fixed geometry with a helical blade 29.
  • the motor 21 can be a "sparrow" type lobe motor, or a turbine supplied with drilling fluid from a passage 30 arranged in the lining, this passage itself being supplied with drilling fluid from the train. of stems which is hollow. After passing through the motor 21 the drilling fluid is directed towards the tool 19 to evacuate the debris.
  • the motor 21 may also be an electric motor supplied for example from the surface via a cable.
  • the stabilizer that is to say the one which is closest to the tool 19, this can be placed either on the external body 32 of the motor 33, as is the case in FIG. 6 , or on the shaft 34 for driving the tool 19 in rotation. This is the case in FIG. 7.
  • the stabilizer bears the reference 31.
  • the elbow element with variable angle can be fixed above the motor, this is the case of the elbow element 80 shown in FIG. 6 or integrated into the motor, this is the case of the elbow element 81 shown in Figure 7.
  • variable geometry stabilizer or of a variable angle bent element.
  • FIGS. 9A, 9B and 10 show a particularly advantageous embodiment of a bent element with variable angle.
  • a tubular element has in its upper part a thread 59 allowing the mechanical connection to the drill string and in its lower part a thread 60 on the output shaft 46, in order to screw the tool. drilling 47.
  • the remote control mechanism consists of a shaft 48 which can slide in its upper part in the bore 65 of the body 43 and which can slide in its lower part in the bore 66 of the body 44.
  • This shaft has male grooves 49 meshing in female splines of the body 43, grooves 50 alternately straight (parallel to the axis of the tubular body 43) and oblique (inclined with respect to the axis of the tubular body 43) in which fingers 67 slide sliding along a axis perpendicular to that of the displacement of the shaft 48 and kept in contact with the shaft by springs 68, male splines 51 meshing with female splines of the body 44 only when the shaft 48 is in the high position.
  • the shaft 48 is equipped in its lower part with a metering 52 opposite which is a needle 53 coaxial with the movement of the shaft 48.
  • a return spring 54 maintains the shaft in the high position, the splines 51 meshing in the equivalent female splines of the body 44.
  • the bodies 43 and 44 are free to rotate at the level of the rotating surface 69 coaxial with the axes of the bodies 43 and 44 and composed of rows of cylindrical rollers 70 inserted in their raceways 72 and extractable at through the orifices 74 by dismantling the door 71.
  • a reserve of oil 76 is maintained at the pressure of the drilling fluid by means of an annular free piston 77.
  • the oil lubricates the sliding surfaces of the shaft 48 by way of the passage 78.
  • the shaft 48 is machined so that an axial bore 79 allows the passage of the drilling fluid according to the arrow f.
  • the angle variation mechanism itself comprises a tubular body 45 which is rotationally integral with the tubular body 44 by means of a coupling 56.
  • the tubular body 45 can rotate relative to the tubular body 43 at the level of the rotary bearing 63 comprising rollers 75 and having an axis oblique to the axes of the tubular bodies 43 and 45.
  • FIG. 13 One possible embodiment for coupling 56 is shown in FIG. 13.
  • This type of remote control is based on a threshold value of the flow through the mechanism according to the arrow f.
  • the nozzle 52 will surround the needle 53 which will cause a large decrease in the drilling fluid passage section and therefore a large increase in the pressure difference ⁇ P and therefore a significant increase in the force F ensuring the complete descent of the shaft 48, despite the increase in the return force of the spring 54 due to its compression.
  • the fingers 67 will follow the oblique part of the grooves 50 during the downward stroke of the shaft 48 and will therefore cause the body to rotate tubular 44 relative to the tubular body 43, which is made possible by the fact that the male splines 51 will disengage from the corresponding female splines of the body 44 at the start of the downward travel of the shaft 48.
  • FIG. 13 shows in a developed way parts 97 and 98 which make it possible to transmit the rotation of the tubular body 44 to the tubular body 45 while allowing relative angular movement of these two tubular bodies.
  • the part 97 has housings 99 in which rods 100 cooperate comprising spheres 101.
  • the tubular body integral with the part 97 flexes relative to the tubular body integral with the part 98.
  • variable geometry stabilizer An embodiment of a variable geometry stabilizer is now described.
  • the remote control mechanism of this stabilizer is the same as that described above.
  • FIG. 11 describes the mechanism for varying the position of one or more blades of an integrated stabilizer.
  • Figure 11 can be considered as the lower part of Figure 9A.
  • grooves 92 At the lower end of the body 44 are grooves 92 whose depth differs depending on the angular sector concerned. Apply to the bottom of these grooves pushers 93 on which lean blades 94 straight or helical in shape under the action of leaf return springs 95 positioned under protective covers 96.
  • the pushers 93 will be on a sector of the groove 92 whose depth will be different. This will cause a translation of the blades, either by moving away, or by approaching the axis of the body.
  • FIG. 11 shows on the right side a blade in the "retracted” position and on the left side a blade in the "extended” position.
  • FIG. 12 shows the developed curve of the profile of the bottom of the groove 92. This profile can correspond, for example, to the case of three blades controlled from the same groove.
  • the abscissa represents the radius of the groove bottom as a function of the angle at the center from a reference angular position. Since the three blades are controlled from the same groove and on a lathe, the profile is reproduced identically every 120 degrees. This is why it was only represented on 120 degrees.
  • the finger 93 of a stabilizer blade cooperates with the portion of the groove bottom profile corresponding to the bearing 1A, this blade is in the entered position.
  • a rotation of 40 degrees of the groove causes a modification of the radius of the groove bottom from the position corresponding to the bearing 1A to that corresponding to the bearing 2A and therefore to an intermediate exit position in the blade.
  • Another rotation of 40 degrees leads to an increase in the bottom groove radius corresponding to the bearing 3A and to a maximum output of the blade. Between each landing a ramp X allows a gradual exit of the blade.
  • the ramp Y is a descending ramp which returns the device to the retracted position corresponding to the bearing 4A of the same value as the bearing 1A.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of implementing such a lining, in particular by using the means for driving the entire set of rods in rotation.
  • the radius of curvature of the trajectory of the drilling tool may be modified by variation of the geometry (for example the diameter) of the stabilizer, in addition to the methods currently available (variation of the weight per l tool, variation of the rotation speed etc ).
  • FIG. 14 represents the projection of the trajectory on the vertical plane and FIG. 15 represents the projection of the trajectory on the horizontal plane.
  • Reference 102 designates the substantially vertical phase of drilling. This phase is carried out by turning the entire packing from the drill string. In this case the angle of the bent element does not matter. However, it is preferable that the two articulated parts of this element are aligned so as to reduce the lateral wear of the components of the lining. It is obvious that this position of the bent element is imperative if this phase is carried out only by the use of the downhole motor.
  • the diameter of the variable geometry stabilizer 39 is preferably equal to the diameter of the upper fixed geometry stabilizer 41.
  • the reference 103 designates the initiation of the deviation from 0 to 10 degrees approximately which is obtained by a remote control of the bent element so as to obtain a certain angle between the articulated parts of this element thus causing a lateral force on the tool and by an orientation of the elbow 37 in the desired azimuth of the drilling followed by a rotary drive of the tool 35 from the bottom motor 36, without there being any drive of the entire gasket drilling from the drill string.
  • the radius of curvature of the well can be adjusted by varying the angle of the bent element and / or by varying the diameter of the stabilizer with variable geometry 39.
  • Reference 104 designates the phase of angle rise of about 10 degrees to the desired inclination, without intervention on the direction of the well. This phase is achieved by rotating the packing as a whole from the drill string. In this case it is preferable that the articulated parts of the bent element are aligned and that the radius of curvature is adjusted by the diameter of the variable geometry stabilizer 39.
  • Reference 105 designates an azimuth correction phase which can be carried out with or without angle correction. In the case of Figures 14 and 15, there is no angle correction. This azimuth correction is effected by the orientation of the bent element 37 having a non-zero angle, in the appropriate direction to achieve the desired orientation correction and the drive of the tool by the downhole motor. , without the entire packing being driven by the drill string.
  • variable geometry stabilizer 39 makes it possible to control the radius of curvature of the path.
  • the reference 106 designates a drilling phase at constant inclination without controlling the azimuth. This drilling phase can be carried out by rotating the entire drilling string from the drill string.
  • the phase referenced 107 is an azimuth correction phase of the same type as that described above and which bears the reference 105.
  • the phases referenced 108 and 110 are drilling phases at constant inclination without azimuth control. They are of the same type as the phase which bears the reference 106.
  • the phases referenced 109 and 111 are phases for decreasing the angle of inclination.
  • Reference 112 designates the target to be reached by drilling.
  • FIGS. 16 to 18 illustrate the control of the direction of drilling using a lining comprising three stabilizers, a stabilizer with variable geometry 113, two stabilizers with fixed geometry situated on either side of the stabilizer with variable geometry and a variable angle elbow element 121 remotely controllable.
  • the inclination of the borehole is assumed to be 30 degrees from the vertical.
  • the reference 114 designates the stabilizer with upper fixed geometry and the reference 115 the stabilizer with lower fixed geometry located near the drilling tool 116.
  • the fixed stabilizer 115 is integral with the body of the engine 117 as well as the element angled 121.
  • the intermediate position of the stabilizer blades 113 shown in FIG. 16 corresponds to drilling at a constant angle of inclination, the remote-controlled bent element 121 having a zero angle.
  • the elbow 121 is assumed to have a deflection angle close to 1 degree.
  • the elbow 121 is positioned so as to orient the borehole towards the bottom of the figure in the direction of the arrow 119.
  • This position represented in phantom 122 is qualified by the terms "Low side" by the driller.
  • the angular position of the bent element 121 is generally verified using conventional measurement means positioned in the drill string. The adjustment of this position is obtained by rotation of the drill string by an appropriate angle from the surface.
  • the tool 116 is driven in rotation by the motor 117.
  • variable geometry centering device 113 amplifies the reduction in the angle of inclination.
  • FIG. 18 represents a bend oriented upwards, generally qualified as "high side” by the driller, as represented by the dashed line 123.
  • the angle of inclination is considered with respect to the vertical direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
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Claims (9)

  1. Ausrüstung zum Bohren bei geregelter Bahn, umfassend ein Bohrwerkzeug, das am Ende dieser Ausrüstung angeordnet ist, einen Drehantriebsmotor dieses Werkzeugs, wenigstens einen Stabilisator (9; 27; 31; 39; 38; 115) und ein Krümmerelement, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieses Krümmerelement bei variablem Winkel ferngesteuert ist (37; 58; 64; 73; 80; 81; 121), angeordnet zwischen einem Antriebselement (55) und diesem Bohrwerkzeug und daß es eine Welle zur Übertragung der Drehung dieses Antriebselements auf dieses Bohrwerkzeug umfaßt.
  2. Ausrüstung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie wenigstens einen Stabilisator mir variabler Geometrie (12; 39; 113) umfaßt.
  3. Ausrüstung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Krümmerelement (64) in diesen Motor (55) integriert ist.
  4. Ausrüstung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Stabilisator umfaßt, der drehfest mit diesem Werkzeug (Fig. 7) ist.
  5. Ausrüstung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie wenigstens einen mit dem Gehäuse des Motors (Fig. 6) drehfesten Stabilisator umfaßt.
  6. Ausrüstung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieses Krümmerelement von der Oberfläche (Fig. 9A, 9B und 10) aus ferngesteuert ist.
  7. Ausrüstung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Krümmerelement benachbart dem Bohrwerkzeug angeordnet ist.
  8. Ausrüstung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Stabilisator mit fester Geometrie, der benachbart dem Bohrwerkzeug angeordnet ist, umfaßt.
  9. Verwendung der Ausrüstung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche am Ende eines Bohrstrangs, der über Oberflächenantriebsmittel in Drehung versetzt werden kann.
EP89403565A 1988-12-30 1989-12-19 Gesteuerte Richtungsbohreinrichtung mit einem Kniestückteil mit verstellbarem Winkel und deren Anwendung Expired - Lifetime EP0377373B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8817598 1988-12-30
FR8817598A FR2641316B1 (fr) 1988-12-30 1988-12-30 Garniture pour forage a trajectoire controlee comportant un element coude a angle variable et utilisation de cette garniture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0377373A1 EP0377373A1 (de) 1990-07-11
EP0377373B1 true EP0377373B1 (de) 1993-08-04

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EP89403565A Expired - Lifetime EP0377373B1 (de) 1988-12-30 1989-12-19 Gesteuerte Richtungsbohreinrichtung mit einem Kniestückteil mit verstellbarem Winkel und deren Anwendung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5273123A (de)
EP (1) EP0377373B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2006927C (de)
FR (1) FR2641316B1 (de)
NO (1) NO301783B1 (de)

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US6942044B2 (en) 1999-04-14 2005-09-13 Western Well Tools, Inc. Three-dimensional steering tool for controlled downhole extended-reach directional drilling

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CN106609657A (zh) * 2015-10-22 2017-05-03 中国石油化工股份有限公司 钻具组合和使用其进行钻井的方法
CN108278082B (zh) * 2017-01-05 2019-09-13 通用电气公司 具有主动型稳定器的旋转导向钻井系统
CN108930515B (zh) * 2018-07-23 2021-06-08 徐芝香 歪头旋转导向工具
CN108979534A (zh) * 2018-07-24 2018-12-11 徐芝香 歪头偏心圆筒推靠式旋转导向工具
CN108952576A (zh) * 2018-07-24 2018-12-07 徐芝香 歪头静态推靠式旋转导向工具
CN108952575A (zh) * 2018-07-24 2018-12-07 徐芝香 歪头静态指向式旋转导向工具
CN111322011A (zh) * 2020-04-17 2020-06-23 长江大学 一种井下方位定向方法及其定向工具
CN116753243A (zh) * 2023-08-18 2023-09-15 凌远科技股份有限公司 一种动态指向式旋转导向的传力轴承系统

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0377373A1 (de) 1990-07-11
NO301783B1 (no) 1997-12-08
CA2006927C (fr) 1999-10-05
NO895303D0 (no) 1989-12-28
FR2641316A1 (fr) 1990-07-06
US5273123A (en) 1993-12-28
NO895303L (no) 1990-07-02
CA2006927A1 (fr) 1990-06-30
FR2641316B1 (fr) 1995-09-08

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