EP0373193A1 - An apparatus with at least one liquid nozzle for spraying liquid on planted fields - Google Patents

An apparatus with at least one liquid nozzle for spraying liquid on planted fields

Info

Publication number
EP0373193A1
EP0373193A1 EP19890903710 EP89903710A EP0373193A1 EP 0373193 A1 EP0373193 A1 EP 0373193A1 EP 19890903710 EP19890903710 EP 19890903710 EP 89903710 A EP89903710 A EP 89903710A EP 0373193 A1 EP0373193 A1 EP 0373193A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
nozzle
air
wall
mainly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19890903710
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dan Rosenbaek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DEMS ENGINEERING I/S
Original Assignee
DEMS ENGINEERING I/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DEMS ENGINEERING I/S filed Critical DEMS ENGINEERING I/S
Publication of EP0373193A1 publication Critical patent/EP0373193A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/10—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge producing a swirling discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/0075—Nozzle arrangements in gas streams

Definitions

  • An apparatus with at least one liquid nozzle for spraying liquid on planted fields.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for spraying liquid on planted fields, said apparatus being of the kind set forth in more detail in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Prior apparatus of this kind have various disadvan- tages, of which the two most important ones are that the liquid drops ejected are easily influenced by the wind and therefore do not reach their disti- nation, and that the sprinkling becomes irregular, partly be- cause the lower leaves are "shaded" by the upper leaves, partly because very often the ventral sides of the leaves do not receive any liquid at all.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide the construction of an apparatus of the kind referred to above, which does not have the above-mentioned disad ⁇ vantages, and said object is achieved by an apparatus, which according to the invention shows the features described in the characterizing clause of claim 1.
  • the liquid drops eject ⁇ ed from the liquid nozzle are caught and directed by the air jet, whereby the wind influence is considerab ⁇ ly reduced, partly that the air jet makes the plants and their individual parts move with the effect that the liquid is spread considerably more regularly on all surfaces of the plant, including the ventral sides of the leaves, which receive liquid from air jets with partly upwards directed courses produced in the inte- rior of the hollow cone-shaped air jet.
  • the apparatus comprises a container (not shown) for the liquid to be ejected as well as a so- called spray bar (likewise not shown) carrying a num ⁇ ber of downwards directed nozzles, through which the liquid is sprayed over a planted field in a manner known in principle.
  • Said equipment which may in addi- tion comprise the required pumps, filters etc., is usually adapted to be carried by a tractor and driven by the power-drive attachment thereof.
  • the nozzle unit 1 comprises a liquid nozzle 2, which together with a swivel 3 situated upstream is secured and connected to a liquid supply tube 4 by means of a coupling nut 5 countersunk in a recess 6 in the nozzle unit 1.
  • the liquid nozzle 2 is of the kind, which in cooperation with the swivel 3 ejects the liquid supplied under pressure through the liquid supply tube 4 as small drops in a flow, which has the shape of a hollow cone with an appreciable angular extension 7 from the axis 8 of the liquid nozzle 2.
  • the desired effect may be achieved by means of liquid nozzles, which produce other ejec ⁇ tion patterns, e.g. the so-called flat nozzles, which eject the drops in a fan-shaped pattern.
  • the most important feature in the present connection is that the angular extension 7 of the ejected "fog jet" is not inconsiderable and the effect hereof will be ex ⁇ plained below.
  • the term "fog” should be understood as comprising a large number of small li ⁇ quid drops, the size of which is not limited to the size of the drops forming natural fog.
  • the liquid nozzle 2 is coaxially surrounded by an air nozzle 9 with an annular nozzle opening, which consti- tutes the mouth of a sectionally annular duct diverg ⁇ ing in the flow direction, which duct is limited on the outside by a conically diverging wall 11 and on the inside by a conically converging wall 12.
  • Air is supplied to the air nozzle 9 from means (not shown), e.g.
  • the strong, sectionally annular air flow from the air nozzle 9 is bound to carry away the air closest to the jet.
  • a vacuum is produced inside the air jet in the area about the liquid nozzle 2, and it has been found that said vacuum causes some return flow from the hollow cone-shaped air flow as indicated by arrows 20. It has also been found that the air so flowing back carries away liquid drops and deposits them on the ventral sides of the leaves of the plants growing on the filed in question.
  • the rotation of the air produced by the guide plates 17 causes the plants to be bent in a most gentle manner and possibly turned a little, which furthermore en- sures that also the upper side of leaves “shaded” by higher leaves as well as the stems of the plants are equally covered by exactly the liquid quantity re ⁇ quired for the actual purpose.
  • the innermost limitation of the nozzle outlets 10 lies at a not inconsiderable distance from the liquid nozzle 2, as this permits the constitution of a space inside the hollow cone-shaped air flow, in which as mentioned above a vacuum is produced, which causes the aforesaid return flow, cf. the arrows 20.
  • the entire nozzle unit 1 may - possibly together with several similar nozzle units - be adapted to be angu ⁇ larly adjusted in various directions.

Landscapes

  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

Dans l'appareil décrit, qui est pourvu d'au moins une buse de diffusion de liquide (2) destinée à vaporiser un liquide sur des plantations, la nouvelle caractéristique est constituée par le fait que chaque buse de diffusion de liquide (2) est entourée par une buse de diffusion d'air (2) projetant un jet d'air conique creux. Ainsi, le liquide vaporisé projeté par chaque buse de diffusion de liquide (2) est maintenu dans une zone restreinte désirée, dès lors que le jet d'air conique creux agit comme enveloppe de protection contre le vent pour le liquide projeté. En outre, par un équilibrage approprié de l'amenée de liquide et de l'amenée d'air, on peut former sur la face intérieure du jet d'air conique creux des tourbillons dirigés partiellement vers l'arrière, qui amènent le liquide vaporisé en contact avec les faces ventrales des feuilles des plantes.In the apparatus described, which is provided with at least one liquid diffusion nozzle (2) intended to vaporize a liquid on plantations, the new characteristic is constituted by the fact that each liquid diffusion nozzle (2) is surrounded by an air diffusion nozzle (2) projecting a hollow conical air jet. Thus, the vaporized liquid sprayed by each liquid diffusion nozzle (2) is maintained in a desired restricted area, since the hollow conical air jet acts as a wind protection envelope for the sprayed liquid. In addition, by an appropriate balancing of the liquid supply and the air supply, it is possible to form on the inner face of the hollow conical air jet vortices directed partially towards the rear, which bring the vaporized liquid in contact with the ventral sides of the plant leaves.

Description

An apparatus with at least one liquid nozzle for spraying liquid on planted fields.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to an apparatus for spraying liquid on planted fields, said apparatus being of the kind set forth in more detail in the preamble of claim 1.
BACKGROUND ART
Prior apparatus of this kind have various disadvan- tages, of which the two most important ones are that the liquid drops ejected are easily influenced by the wind and therefore do not reach their disti- nation, and that the sprinkling becomes irregular, partly be- cause the lower leaves are "shaded" by the upper leaves, partly because very often the ventral sides of the leaves do not receive any liquid at all.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide the construction of an apparatus of the kind referred to above, which does not have the above-mentioned disad¬ vantages, and said object is achieved by an apparatus, which according to the invention shows the features described in the characterizing clause of claim 1. Hereby is achieved partly that the liquid drops eject¬ ed from the liquid nozzle are caught and directed by the air jet, whereby the wind influence is considerab¬ ly reduced, partly that the air jet makes the plants and their individual parts move with the effect that the liquid is spread considerably more regularly on all surfaces of the plant, including the ventral sides of the leaves, which receive liquid from air jets with partly upwards directed courses produced in the inte- rior of the hollow cone-shaped air jet.
Preferred embodiments of the apparatus according to the invention are described in claims 2 to 8, and the effects of said embodiments are explained in more detail in the following detailed part of the present specification.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the embodiment of a nozzle unit shown in the drawing, said nozzle unit together with a number of other nozzle units of the same kind forming part of an apparatus (not shown) for spraying liquid.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Similar to prior apparatus of this kind the apparatus according to the invention comprises a container (not shown) for the liquid to be ejected as well as a so- called spray bar (likewise not shown) carrying a num¬ ber of downwards directed nozzles, through which the liquid is sprayed over a planted field in a manner known in principle. Said equipment, which may in addi- tion comprise the required pumps, filters etc., is usually adapted to be carried by a tractor and driven by the power-drive attachment thereof.
As the invention only deals with the aforesaid nozzles and the elements closest related thereto, only a single nozzle unit 1 is shown in the drawing,which nozzle unit will be described in more detail below.
The nozzle unit 1 comprises a liquid nozzle 2, which together with a swivel 3 situated upstream is secured and connected to a liquid supply tube 4 by means of a coupling nut 5 countersunk in a recess 6 in the nozzle unit 1.
In the exemplary embodiment shown the liquid nozzle 2 is of the kind, which in cooperation with the swivel 3 ejects the liquid supplied under pressure through the liquid supply tube 4 as small drops in a flow, which has the shape of a hollow cone with an appreciable angular extension 7 from the axis 8 of the liquid nozzle 2. However, the desired effect may be achieved by means of liquid nozzles, which produce other ejec¬ tion patterns, e.g. the so-called flat nozzles, which eject the drops in a fan-shaped pattern. The most important feature in the present connection is that the angular extension 7 of the ejected "fog jet" is not inconsiderable and the effect hereof will be ex¬ plained below.
For the sake of good order it should be noted that in the present specification the term "fog" should be understood as comprising a large number of small li¬ quid drops, the size of which is not limited to the size of the drops forming natural fog.
The liquid nozzle 2 is coaxially surrounded by an air nozzle 9 with an annular nozzle opening, which consti- tutes the mouth of a sectionally annular duct diverg¬ ing in the flow direction, which duct is limited on the outside by a conically diverging wall 11 and on the inside by a conically converging wall 12. Air is supplied to the air nozzle 9 from means (not shown), e.g. an air tank common to various nozzle units, through an air supply duct 13, the downstream end of which is limited by an exterior wall 14 and a conical- ly diverging interior wall 15, in such a manner that the downstream end of said air supply duct 13 in cooperation with the space between the aforesaid di¬ verging and convering walls 11 and 12, respectively, constitutes a converging-diverging duct 16. As will appear from the drawing, the converging-diverging duct
16 does not contain any sudden shifts in the flow cross-section and thus only causes small losses in effect.
Inside the nozzle opening 10 is situated a number of mainly radial guide plates 17, which may be brought into various angles with meridian planes by means of a rotatable adjustment ring 18 so that said guide plates
17 signal a larger or smaller velocity component in the tangential direction to the air flowing out at a great velocity, whereby the air flow shaped as a hollow cone will rotate more or less as indicated by the arrows 19.
As the flow of small drops leaving the liquid nozzle 2 will be caught by the air flow from the air nozzle 9 somewhere below the nozzle unit 1, it will primarily be said air flow that determines the further passage of the drops, as the mass of the individual drops is so insignificant that their kinetic energy is not sufficent to resist the influence from the air flow. Besides, this corresponds to the disadvantageous ex¬ perience found in prior apparatus of this kind, in which the liquid nozzles are not surrounded by air nozzles, and thus the ejected jets are easily carried away by the wind.
Obviously, the strong, sectionally annular air flow from the air nozzle 9 is bound to carry away the air closest to the jet. Hereby a vacuum is produced inside the air jet in the area about the liquid nozzle 2, and it has been found that said vacuum causes some return flow from the hollow cone-shaped air flow as indicated by arrows 20. It has also been found that the air so flowing back carries away liquid drops and deposits them on the ventral sides of the leaves of the plants growing on the filed in question. Simultaneously, the rotation of the air produced by the guide plates 17 causes the plants to be bent in a most gentle manner and possibly turned a little, which furthermore en- sures that also the upper side of leaves "shaded" by higher leaves as well as the stems of the plants are equally covered by exactly the liquid quantity re¬ quired for the actual purpose.
By adjusting the pressure, at which the air is supplied through the air supply duct 13, and by adjusting the guide plates 17, it is possible to adapt the process to various types of plants. Thus, in case of sprinkling of e.g. mechanically weak plants, it will be appropriate to use a relatively low air velo- city and a correspondingly low rotation of the air jet. Obviously, the ejection of liquid through the liquid nozzle 2 may be changed in a manner likewise known by changing the liquid nozzle 2 itself and/or the swivel 3, as said parts may easily be changed by removing the coupling nut 5 and reinserting it after the insertion of other parts with different characte¬ ristics.
As shown in the drawing it is appropriate that the innermost limitation of the nozzle outlets 10 lies at a not inconsiderable distance from the liquid nozzle 2, as this permits the constitution of a space inside the hollow cone-shaped air flow, in which as mentioned above a vacuum is produced, which causes the aforesaid return flow, cf. the arrows 20.
For the sake of good order it should be noted that the manner, in which the guide plates 17 are adjustably situated, is shown only very schematically, as anyone skilled in the art would know how to construct the means required therefor.
The entire nozzle unit 1 may - possibly together with several similar nozzle units - be adapted to be angu¬ larly adjusted in various directions.

Claims

1. An apparatus for spraying liquid on planted fields and of the kind comprising at least one liquid nozzle (2), from which liquid supplied under pressure is ejected in the form of a fog of small drops, c h a¬ r a c t e r i z e d in a) that each liquid nozzle (2) is of the kind adapted to eject the liquid in the form of a fog jet having in at least one direction at right angles to the axis (8) of ejection of the nozzle (2) a not inconsiderable angular extension (7) relative to said axis (8), and b) that at a not inconsiderable radial distance each liquid nozzle is mainly coaxially surrounded by an air nozzle (9) provided with a mainly annular nozzle outlet (10), which air nozzle (9) is adapt¬ ed to supply an air flow shaped like a truncated hollow cone, the exterior side of which diverges in the flow direction.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, c h a r a c¬ t e r i z e d in that each air nozzle (9) is adapted in such a manner that the interior side of said hollow cone converges in the flow direction.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, c h a- r a c t e r i z e d in that each air nozzle (9) is provided with adjustable guide plates (17), by means of which a component of motion in the tangential direction may be signalled to the air flowing from the air nozzle.
4. An apparatus according to one or more of the claims 1 to 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that each liquid nozzle (2) is of the kind producing a hollow cone-shaped fog jet.
5. An apparatus according to claim 4, c h a r a c¬ t e r i z e d in that the liquid nozzle (2) is provi¬ ded with means, e.g. a swivel (3), by means of which a component of motion in the tangential direction may be signalled to the liquid flowing through the liquid nozzle.
6. An apparatus according to one or more of the claims 1 to 5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the sectionally annular nozzle outlet (10) of each air nozzle (9) is limited outwardly by a wall (11) mainly conically diverging in the flow direction and inwardly by a wall (12) mainly conically converging in the flow direction.
7. An apparatus according to claim 6, c h a r a c¬ t e r i z e d in a) that said conically diverging wall (11) consti¬ tutes a continuation of the exterior wall (14) in an air supply duct (13), through which air may be supplied to the air nozzle (9), and b) that said conically converging wall (12) consti¬ tutes a continuation of a diverging interior wall (15) in the flow direction in said air supply duct (13), all in such a manner that upstream to the nozzle outlet (10) of the air nozzle (9) a converging-diverg¬ ing sectionally annular duct (16) is formed, which is mainly free from sudden shifts in the flow area.
8. An apparatus according to one or more of the claims 1 to 7, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that each liquid nozzle (2) and the corresponding swivel
(3) are secured to the liquid supply tube (4) by means of one and the same coupling nut (5) mounted in a recess (6) situated inside the nozzle outlet (10) of the air nozzle (9).
EP19890903710 1988-03-02 1989-02-28 An apparatus with at least one liquid nozzle for spraying liquid on planted fields Withdrawn EP0373193A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK110888A DK160916C (en) 1988-03-02 1988-03-02 APPLIANCE WITH AT LEAST ONE LIQUID SPRAY FOR EXJECTING LIQUID OVER PLANT SUBSTANCES
DK1108/88 1988-03-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0373193A1 true EP0373193A1 (en) 1990-06-20

Family

ID=8101093

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890903710 Withdrawn EP0373193A1 (en) 1988-03-02 1989-02-28 An apparatus with at least one liquid nozzle for spraying liquid on planted fields

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0373193A1 (en)
AU (1) AU3292589A (en)
DK (1) DK160916C (en)
WO (1) WO1989007886A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK0959680T3 (en) * 1996-08-02 2003-07-21 Albert Hedegard Method and spray boom for spraying a plantation with a plant protection liquid

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK76996C (en) * 1950-10-17 1954-01-18 Machf Kiekens N V Atomizer.
DK87015C (en) * 1957-01-31 1959-03-09 Borghild Hartmann Dethlefsen Liquid nebulizer.
FR1226483A (en) * 1959-01-28 1960-07-13 Phillips & Pain Vermorel Improvements to pneumatic spraying devices, especially for agriculture
DE1148105B (en) * 1960-10-21 1963-05-02 Chiron Werke G M B H Nozzle for spraying liquid pesticides
US3472454A (en) * 1967-10-26 1969-10-14 Subscription Television Inc Low volume sprayer system
US3848807A (en) * 1973-12-10 1974-11-19 P Partida Confining nozzle for spray gun
DE3111570C2 (en) * 1981-03-24 1984-12-06 Erich 7777 Salem Roser Spray head for spray devices for spraying liquids supplied under pressure or other flowable media
NL8502649A (en) * 1985-09-27 1987-04-16 Homburg Machinehandel DEVICE FOR SPRAYING A LIQUID ON A CROP.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8907886A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK110888A (en) 1989-09-03
WO1989007886A1 (en) 1989-09-08
DK110888D0 (en) 1988-03-02
DK160916B (en) 1991-05-06
DK160916C (en) 1991-11-11
AU3292589A (en) 1989-09-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5299742A (en) Irrigation sprinkler nozzle
JPS6244290Y2 (en)
US4815665A (en) Air assisted nozzle with deflector discharge means
RU2434686C2 (en) Fluid sprayer and sprayer head (versions)
US4223836A (en) Snowmaking machine and method
EP0824658B1 (en) Fanless snow gun
CA2146013A1 (en) Machine for Making Artificial Snow and Method
US4145000A (en) Snow-making nozzle assembly
US4480793A (en) Liquid distribution device
US20200054000A1 (en) Blower spray device
AU694038B2 (en) Agricultural sprayer having spray shaping nozzles connected to low pressure air supply
US5232157A (en) Insect resistant spray emitter
CA1098150A (en) Air sprayer apparatus for vineyards and the like
CN115957897A (en) Nozzle capable of automatically switching flow channels
US20050279863A1 (en) Uniform droplet spray nozzle for liquids
US4903895A (en) Snow making nozzle assembly
EP0373193A1 (en) An apparatus with at least one liquid nozzle for spraying liquid on planted fields
US4195782A (en) Method and device for enhancing the distribution of water from a sprinkler operated at low pressures
CN107197846A (en) A kind of ultrasonic secondary-atomizing of wind spraying aid type becomes particle diameter spraying machine
EP0959680B1 (en) Method and sprayer boom for spraying a field crop with a plant protective liquid
US4477026A (en) Bubbler head structure
RU2132611C1 (en) Superlow volume sprayer
RU2097970C1 (en) Ultra low-volume sprinkler
CN217357683U (en) Six-hole nuclear device nozzle
CN211064781U (en) Artificial intelligence spouts spray gun for medicine equipment

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19900219

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19910422

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19910902