EP0372236A2 - Electrothermal reduction furnace - Google Patents

Electrothermal reduction furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0372236A2
EP0372236A2 EP89120536A EP89120536A EP0372236A2 EP 0372236 A2 EP0372236 A2 EP 0372236A2 EP 89120536 A EP89120536 A EP 89120536A EP 89120536 A EP89120536 A EP 89120536A EP 0372236 A2 EP0372236 A2 EP 0372236A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
central tube
electrodes
reduction furnace
electrothermal reduction
iron sheet
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EP89120536A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0372236B1 (en
EP0372236A3 (en
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Joachim Dr. Stendel
Georg Baumann
Karl Horn
Dieter Mandelkow
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/06—Electrodes
    • H05B7/08—Electrodes non-consumable
    • H05B7/085—Electrodes non-consumable mainly consisting of carbon
    • H05B7/09—Self-baking electrodes, e.g. Söderberg type electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/02—Ohmic resistance heating
    • F27D11/04—Ohmic resistance heating with direct passage of current through the material being heated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrothermal reduction furnace for the production of yellow phosphorus from a mixture of raw materials composed of raw phosphate, gravel and coke, which consists of a furnace vessel closed with a reinforced concrete ceiling, the concrete ceiling being penetrated by a number of Moeller feed pipes and by a number of S ⁇ DERBERG electrodes, and wherein the electrodes in the area of their penetration of the concrete ceiling are encircled by deep sockets having power supply plates.
  • a phosphor furnace which consists of a furnace vessel closed with a furnace roof.
  • the lower part of the furnace vessel has at least one slag rack and at least one ferrophosphorus rack.
  • the bottom and the lower jacket part of the furnace vessel are lined with carbon bricks, while the upper area of the inner wall of the furnace vessel is provided with fireclay masonry.
  • the furnace ceiling is penetrated by several feed pipes and three S ⁇ DERBERG electrodes, each of which is encircled by a deep socket in the penetration area (cf. "Ullmanns Encyklopadie der Technische Chemie", volume 18, 4th edition, 1979, pages 291 and 292).
  • a disadvantage of the known phosphorus furnace is that the S ⁇ DERBERG mass filled into the electrodes and containing parts which can be evaporated to reduce their viscosity, for example anthracene oil, shows a "shrinking phenomenon" when using hollow electrodes, which goes beyond the normal volume contraction which results from the burning process, ie the transition from the S ⁇ DERBERG mass to finished carbon electrode results.
  • the level of the electrode mass in the sheet iron jacket can decrease in the course of a day by a length which corresponds to the normal erosion of several days. Obviously, not sufficiently solidified electrode mass remains flowable under the pressure of the further electrode mass resting on it in the lower region of the iron sheet jacket and reaches the reduction furnace.
  • the electrodes are hollow electrodes in which a central tube is arranged centrally in the sheet iron jacket; that sheet metal disks are mounted on the central tube at a distance from each other; and that the central tube is centered in the iron sheet jacket with spacer bars distributed over the circumference.
  • the sheet metal disks pushed onto the central tube which are spaced apart from one another by 50 cm, for example in the case of an iron sheet jacket with a diameter of 135 cm, serve as baffles against the sliding electrode mass.
  • the non-positive connection between the iron sheet jacket and the central tube with the aid of the spacer bars causes an electrical secondary current to flow from the power supply plates over the iron sheet jacket and the central tube into the reduction oven.
  • the current heat of the secondary flow ensures that the central tube in the area below the power supply plates also has a temperature of more than 800 ° C when the central tube is fully charged with the cold fine-grained mixture of oils introduced with the aid of a flushing gas.
  • the high temperature of the central tube prevents the escaping from the pitch contained in the S ⁇ DERBERG mass evaporated, glide-promoting components, such as anthracene oil, condense on its outer wall.
  • An electrothermal reduction furnace consists of an iron furnace vessel 1, the bottom area and the lower casing part of which are lined with carbon bricks 2, while the inner wall of its remaining casing area is provided with fireclay masonry 3.
  • the furnace vessel 1 has a slag tap 4 and a ferrophosphorus tap 5 in its lower region.
  • the top of the furnace vessel 1 is closed with a reinforced concrete ceiling 6, which is penetrated by several feed pipes 7 connected to Möller bunkers, not shown, and by three S ⁇ DERBERG electrodes 8.
  • the electrodes 8 are encompassed in the area of their penetration of the concrete ceiling 6 by a deep socket 9, in which there are current supply plates 10 which are connected in an electrically conductive manner to transformers (not shown).
  • the electrodes 8 are hollow electrodes, in which a central tube 12 is arranged centrally in the iron sheet jacket 11.
  • the iron sheet jacket 11 is frictionally connected to the power supply plates 10.
  • Sheet metal disks 13 are mounted on the central tube 12 at a distance from one another, while their centering takes place by means of spacer bars 14 distributed over the circumference, which are welded to the iron sheet jacket 11 and the central tube 12.
  • an electrical secondary current flows from the power supply plates 10 via the iron sheet jacket 11 and the spacer bars 14 to the central tube 12 and thus into the electrothermal reduction furnace.
  • This secondary electrical current prevents the central tube 12, through which cold, fine-grained furniture mixture suspended in cold flushing gas is blown, from cooling below 800.degree.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

An electrothermal reduction furnace for producing yellow phosphorus from a batch mixture composed of rock phosphate, gravel and coke consists of a furnace vessel (1) closed with a reinforced concrete cover (6). In this arrangement, several batch charging pipes (7) and several SÖDERBERG electrodes (8) penetrate through the concrete cover (6). The electrodes (8) are enclosed in the area of their penetration of the concrete cover (6) by low-set electrode holders (9) exhibiting power supply plates (10). The electrodes (8) are hollow electrodes in which a central tube (12) is arranged in the centre in the sheet-metal jacket (11). Metal discs (13) are pulled onto the central tube (12) at a distance from one another. Furthermore, the central tube (12) is centred in the sheet-metal jacket (11) by means of spacing rods (14) distributed over the circumference.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen elektrothermischen Reduktionsofen zur Herstellung von gelbem Phosphor aus einer aus Rohphosphat, Kies und Koks zusammengesetzten Möllermischung, welcher aus einem mit einer armierten Be­tondecke verschlossenen Ofengefäß besteht, wobei die Beton­decke von mehreren Möllerbeschickungsrohren und von mehre­ren SÖDERBERG-Elektroden durchdrungen ist und wobei die Elektroden im Bereich ihrer Durchdringung der Betondecke von Stromzuführungsplatten aufweisenden Tieffassungen um­griffen sind.The present invention relates to an electrothermal reduction furnace for the production of yellow phosphorus from a mixture of raw materials composed of raw phosphate, gravel and coke, which consists of a furnace vessel closed with a reinforced concrete ceiling, the concrete ceiling being penetrated by a number of Moeller feed pipes and by a number of SÖDERBERG electrodes, and wherein the electrodes in the area of their penetration of the concrete ceiling are encircled by deep sockets having power supply plates.

Es ist ein Phosphor-Ofen bekannt, welcher aus einem mit einer Ofendecke verschlossenen Ofengefäß besteht. Dabei weist das Ofengefäß in seinem unteren Bereich mindestens einen Schlackenabstich und mindestens einen Ferrophosphor­abstich auf. Der Boden und der untere Mantelteil des Ofen­gefäßes sind mit Kohlesteinen ausgekleidet, während der obere Bereich der Innenwandung des Ofengefäßes mit Schamot­temauerwerk versehen ist. Die Ofendecke ist von mehreren Beschickungsrohren und von drei SÖDERBERG-Elektroden durchdrungen, welche im Durchdringungsbereich von je einer Tieffassung umgriffen sind (vergl. "Ullmanns Encyklopädie der technischen Chemie", Band 18, 4. Auflage, 1979, Seiten 291 und 292).A phosphor furnace is known which consists of a furnace vessel closed with a furnace roof. The lower part of the furnace vessel has at least one slag rack and at least one ferrophosphorus rack. The bottom and the lower jacket part of the furnace vessel are lined with carbon bricks, while the upper area of the inner wall of the furnace vessel is provided with fireclay masonry. The furnace ceiling is penetrated by several feed pipes and three SÖDERBERG electrodes, each of which is encircled by a deep socket in the penetration area (cf. "Ullmanns Encyklopadie der Technische Chemie", volume 18, 4th edition, 1979, pages 291 and 292).

Nachteilig ist bei dem bekannten Phosphor-Ofen, daß die in die Elektroden eingefüllte und zur Herabsetzung ihrer Vis­kosität verdampfbare Anteile, beispielsweise Anthracenöl, enthaltende SÖDERBERG-Masse bei Verwendung von Hohlelaktro­den ein "Schrumpfungsphänomen" zeigt, welches über die nor­male Volumenkontraktion hinausgeht, die sich durch den Brennprozeß, d.h. den Übergang von der SÖDERBERG-Masse zur fertigen Kohleelektrode ergibt. Der Stand der Elektroden­masse im Eisenblechmantel kann sich im Laufe eines Tages um eine Länge absenken, welche dem normalen Abbrand von mehre­ren Tagen entspricht. Offensichtlich bleibt noch nicht aus­reichend verfestigte Elektrodenmasse unter dem Druck der auf ihr lastenden weiteren Elektrodenmasse im unteren Be­reich des Eisenblechmantels fließfähig und gelangt in den Reduktionsofen. Damit wird das übliche Nachführen von Elek­trodenmasse zur Kompensation des Elektrodenabbrandes durch Versetzen einer bestimmten Elektrodenmantellänge je Zeit­einheit durch das zusätzliche, unkontrollierte Austreten von Elektrodenmasse in den Reduktionsofen überlagert. Die auf diese Weise in den Reduktionsofen gelangende Elektro­denmasse wird zunächst als kohlenstoffhaltiges Material mit der Möllermischung ohne erkennbare nachteilige Auswirkungen auf den Ofengang verbraucht. Da aber die Bildung der Kohle­elektrode durch Brennen von SÖDERBERG-Masse nicht mehr kon­trolliert abläuft, besteht die Gefahr eines massiven Aus­bruches von Elektrodenmasse in den Reduktionsofen und eines sog. nassen Elektrodenbruches mit unabsehbaren Folgen.A disadvantage of the known phosphorus furnace is that the SÖDERBERG mass filled into the electrodes and containing parts which can be evaporated to reduce their viscosity, for example anthracene oil, shows a "shrinking phenomenon" when using hollow electrodes, which goes beyond the normal volume contraction which results from the burning process, ie the transition from the SÖDERBERG mass to finished carbon electrode results. The level of the electrode mass in the sheet iron jacket can decrease in the course of a day by a length which corresponds to the normal erosion of several days. Obviously, not sufficiently solidified electrode mass remains flowable under the pressure of the further electrode mass resting on it in the lower region of the iron sheet jacket and reaches the reduction furnace. This overlays the usual tracking of electrode mass to compensate for electrode erosion by moving a certain length of electrode jacket per unit of time due to the additional, uncontrolled emergence of electrode mass into the reduction furnace. The electrode mass entering the reduction furnace in this way is initially consumed as a carbon-containing material with the mixture of oils without any recognizable adverse effects on the furnace operation. However, since the formation of the carbon electrode due to the burning of SÖDERBERG compound no longer takes place in a controlled manner, there is a risk of a massive breakout of electrode compound into the reduction furnace and of a so-called wet electrode break with unforeseeable consequences.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen elektrothermischen Reduktionsofen zur Herstellung von gel­bem Phosphor mit einem mit einer armierten Betondecke ver­schlossenen Ofengefäß, wobei die Betondecke von mehreren SÖDERBERG-Elektroden durchdrungen ist, anzugeben, bei wel­chem das Auslaufen von Elektrodenmasse aus dem Eisenblech­mantel unter dem Druck auflastender weiterer Elektrodenmas­se verhindert wird. Das wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch er­reicht, daß die Elektroden Hohlelektroden sind, bei denen mittig im Eisenblechmantel ein Zentralrohr angeordnet ist; daß auf dem Zentralrohr Blechscheiben mit Abstand vonein­ander aufgezogen sind; und daß das Zentralrohr mit über den Umfang verteilten Distanzstäben im Eisenblechmantel zen­triert ist.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an electrothermal reduction furnace for the production of yellow phosphorus with an oven vessel closed with a reinforced concrete ceiling, the concrete ceiling being penetrated by several SÖDERBERG electrodes, in which the electrode mass runs out of the iron sheet jacket under the pressure additional electrode mass is prevented. This is achieved according to the invention in that the electrodes are hollow electrodes in which a central tube is arranged centrally in the sheet iron jacket; that sheet metal disks are mounted on the central tube at a distance from each other; and that the central tube is centered in the iron sheet jacket with spacer bars distributed over the circumference.

Der elektrothermische Reduktionsofen gemäß der Erfindung kann auch noch dadurch weitergebildet sein, daß

  • a) die Distanzstäbe mit dem Eisenblechmantel und dem Zen­tralrohr kraftschlüssig verbunden, insbesondere ver­schweißt sind;
  • b) die lichten Durchmesser des Eisenblechmantels und des Zentralrohres sich wie (10 bis 15) : 1 verhalten;
  • c) sich der Außendurchmesser der Blechscheiben zum lichten Durchmesser des Zentralrohres wie (1,5 bis 2,5) : 1 verhält.
The electrothermal reduction furnace according to the invention can also be further developed in that
  • a) the spacer bars are non-positively connected to the iron sheet jacket and the central tube, in particular welded;
  • b) the clear diameters of the iron sheet jacket and the central tube behave as (10 to 15): 1;
  • c) the outside diameter of the sheet metal disks relates to the inside diameter of the central tube as (1.5 to 2.5): 1.

Beim erfindungsgemäßen elektrothermischen Reduktionsofen dienen die auf das Zentralrohr aufgeschobenen Blechschei­ben, die beispielsweise bei einem Eisenblechmantel mit einem Durchmesser von 135 cm einen Abstand voneinander von 50 cm aufweisen, als Schikanen gegenüber der gleitenden Elektrodenmasse.In the electrothermal reduction furnace according to the invention, the sheet metal disks pushed onto the central tube, which are spaced apart from one another by 50 cm, for example in the case of an iron sheet jacket with a diameter of 135 cm, serve as baffles against the sliding electrode mass.

Beim elektrothermischen Reduktionsofen gemäß der Erfindung fließt durch die kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen Eisen­blechmantel und Zentralrohr mit Hilfe der Distanzstäbe ein elektrischer Nebenstrom von den Stromzuführungsplatten über den Eisenblechmantel und das Zentralrohr in den Reduktions­ofen. Die Stromwärme des Nebenstromes stellt sicher, daß das Zentralrohr im Bereich unterhalb der Stromzuführungs­platten auch dann eine Temperatur von mehr als 800°C auf­weist, wenn das Zentralrohr voll mit der mit Hilfe eines Spülgases eingebrachten kalten feinkörnigen Möllermischung beaufschlagt ist. Durch die hohe Temperatur des Zentralroh­res wird verhindert, daß sich an dessen äußerer Wandung aus dem in der SÖDERBERG-Masse enthaltenen Pech ausgedampfte, gleitungsfördernde Anteile, beispielsweise Anthracenöl, kondensieren.In the electrothermal reduction furnace according to the invention, the non-positive connection between the iron sheet jacket and the central tube with the aid of the spacer bars causes an electrical secondary current to flow from the power supply plates over the iron sheet jacket and the central tube into the reduction oven. The current heat of the secondary flow ensures that the central tube in the area below the power supply plates also has a temperature of more than 800 ° C when the central tube is fully charged with the cold fine-grained mixture of oils introduced with the aid of a flushing gas. The high temperature of the central tube prevents the escaping from the pitch contained in the SÖDERBERG mass evaporated, glide-promoting components, such as anthracene oil, condense on its outer wall.

In der beigefügten Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Gegenstandes der Erfindung schematisch und im Schnitt dargestellt.In the accompanying drawing, an embodiment of the object of the invention is shown schematically and in section.

Ein elektrothermischer Reduktionsofen besteht aus einem eisernen Ofengefäß 1, dessen Bodenbereich und dessen unte­rer Mantelteil mit Kohlesteinen 2 ausgekleidet sind, wäh­rend die Innenwandung seines übrigen Mantelbereiches mit Schamottemauerwerk 3 versehen ist. Das Ofengefäß 1 weist in seinem unteren Bereich einen Schlackenabstich 4 und einen Ferrophosphorabstich 5 auf. Das Ofengefäß 1 ist an seiner Oberseite mit einer armierten Betondecke 6 verschlossen, welche von mehreren, mit nicht dargestellten Möllerbunkern verbundenen Beschickungsrohren 7 sowie von drei SÖDERBERG-­Elektroden 8 durchdrungen ist. Die Elektroden 8 sind im Be­reich ihrer Durchdringung der Betondecke 6 von einer Tief­fassung 9 umgriffen, in welcher sich mit nicht dargestell­ten Transformatoren elektrisch leitend verbundene Stromzu­führungsplatten 10 befinden. Die Elektroden 8 sind Hohl­elektroden, bei welchen mittig im Eisenblechmantel 11 ein Zentralrohr 12 angeordnet ist. Der Eisenblechmantel 11 ist mit den Stromzuführungsplatten 10 reibschlüssig verbunden. Auf dem Zentralrohr 12 sind Blechscheiben 13 mit Abstand voneinander aufgezogen, während seine Zentrierung durch über den Umfang verteilte Distanzstäbe 14 erfolgt, welche mit dem Eisenblechmantel 11 und dem Zentralrohr 12 ver­schweißt sind.An electrothermal reduction furnace consists of an iron furnace vessel 1, the bottom area and the lower casing part of which are lined with carbon bricks 2, while the inner wall of its remaining casing area is provided with fireclay masonry 3. The furnace vessel 1 has a slag tap 4 and a ferrophosphorus tap 5 in its lower region. The top of the furnace vessel 1 is closed with a reinforced concrete ceiling 6, which is penetrated by several feed pipes 7 connected to Möller bunkers, not shown, and by three SÖDERBERG electrodes 8. The electrodes 8 are encompassed in the area of their penetration of the concrete ceiling 6 by a deep socket 9, in which there are current supply plates 10 which are connected in an electrically conductive manner to transformers (not shown). The electrodes 8 are hollow electrodes, in which a central tube 12 is arranged centrally in the iron sheet jacket 11. The iron sheet jacket 11 is frictionally connected to the power supply plates 10. Sheet metal disks 13 are mounted on the central tube 12 at a distance from one another, while their centering takes place by means of spacer bars 14 distributed over the circumference, which are welded to the iron sheet jacket 11 and the central tube 12.

Nach dem Einschalten des elektrothermischen Reduktionsofens fließt ein elektrischer Nebenstrom von den Stromzuführungs­platten 10 über den Eisenblechmantel 11 und die Distanzstä­be 14 zum Zentralrohr 12 und damit in den elektrothermi­schen Reduktionsofen. Durch diesen elektrischen Nebenstrom wird verhindert, daß das Zentralrohr 12, durch welches in kaltem Spülgas suspendierte, kalte, feinkörnige Möllermi­schung geblasen wird, unter 800°C abkühlt.After the electrothermal reduction furnace has been switched on, an electrical secondary current flows from the power supply plates 10 via the iron sheet jacket 11 and the spacer bars 14 to the central tube 12 and thus into the electrothermal reduction furnace. This secondary electrical current prevents the central tube 12, through which cold, fine-grained furniture mixture suspended in cold flushing gas is blown, from cooling below 800.degree.

Claims (4)

1. Elektrothermischer Reduktionsofen zur Herstellung von gelbem Phosphor aus einer aus Rohphosphat, Kies und Koks zusammengesetzten Möllermischung, bestehend aus einem mit einer armierten Betondecke verschlossenen Ofengefäß, wobei die Betondecke von mehreren Möllerbeschickungs­rohren und von mehreren SÖDERBERG-Elektroden durch­drungen ist und wobei die Elektroden im Bereich ihrer Durchdringung der Betondecke von Stromzuführungsplatten aufweisenden Tieffassungen umgriffen sind, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß die Elektroden (8) Hohlelektroden sind, bei denen mittig im Eisenblechmantel (11) ein Zen­tralrohr (12) angeordnet ist; daß auf dem Zentralrohr (12) Blechscheiben (13) mit Abstand voneinander aufgezo­gen sind; und daß das Zentralrohr (12) mit über den Um­fang verteilten Distanzstäben (14) im Eisenblechmantel (11) zentriert ist.1. Electrothermal reduction furnace for the production of yellow phosphorus from a mixture of raw materials composed of raw phosphate, gravel and coke, consisting of a furnace vessel sealed with a reinforced concrete ceiling, the concrete ceiling being penetrated by several Möller charging pipes and by several SÖDERBERG electrodes and the electrodes in the area its penetration of the concrete ceiling is encompassed by deep sockets having power supply plates, characterized in that the electrodes (8) are hollow electrodes in which a central tube (12) is arranged centrally in the iron sheet jacket (11); that on the central tube (12) sheet metal disks (13) are drawn apart from each other; and that the central tube (12) is centered in the iron sheet jacket (11) with spacer bars (14) distributed over the circumference. 2. Elektrothermischer Reduktionsofen nach Anspruch 1, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Distanzstäbe (14) mit dem Eisenblechmantel (11) und dem Zentralrohr (12) kraft­schlüssig verbunden, insbesondere verschweißt sind.2. Electrothermal reduction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer bars (14) with the iron sheet jacket (11) and the central tube (12) are non-positively connected, in particular welded. 3. Elektrothermischer Reduktionsofen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die lichten Durchmesser des Eisenblechmantels (11) und des Zentralrohres (12) sich wie (10 bis 15) : 1 verhalten.3. Electrothermal reduction furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the clear diameter of the iron sheet jacket (11) and the central tube (12) behave as (10 to 15): 1. 4. Elektrothermischer Reduktionsofen nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der Außendurchmesser der Blechscheiben (13) zum lichten Durchmesser des Zentralrohres (12) wie (1,5 bis 2,5) : 1 verhält.4. Electrothermal reduction furnace according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer diameter of the sheet metal disks (13) to the inside diameter of the central tube (12) as (1.5 to 2.5): 1.
EP19890120536 1988-12-03 1989-11-06 Electrothermal reduction furnace. Expired - Lifetime EP0372236B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3840827 1988-12-03
DE19883840827 DE3840827A1 (en) 1988-12-03 1988-12-03 ELECTROTHERMIC REDUCTION STOVES

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EP0372236A2 true EP0372236A2 (en) 1990-06-13
EP0372236A3 EP0372236A3 (en) 1991-01-16
EP0372236B1 EP0372236B1 (en) 1993-10-27

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998051129A1 (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-11-12 Silicium Becancour Inc. Electrode type söderberg for making silicon alloys and silicon metal
US5854807A (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-12-29 Skw Canada Inc. Electrode for silicon alloys and silicon metal
FR2770079A1 (en) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-23 Action Finances Ind Composite electrode for electric metallurgical furnace
WO2000011226A1 (en) * 1998-08-25 2000-03-02 Pyromet (Proprietary) Limited Söderberg-type composite electrode for arc smelting furnace

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101886172A (en) * 2010-06-19 2010-11-17 鹤壁银龙有色金属科技有限公司 Tank-free vertical electric heating smelting calcium metal reduction furnace
CN103466572B (en) * 2013-08-29 2014-12-24 昆明会丰工贸有限责任公司 Roof spraying construction technology of small yellow phosphorus flat-roof furnace lid and formulae

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DE529118C (en) * 1925-06-06 1931-07-10 Josias Rees Metal-reinforced continuous carbon electrode for electric ovens
US3524004A (en) * 1968-12-03 1970-08-11 Ohio Ferro Alloys Corp Non-metal reinforced self-baking electrode for electric furnaces
US4133968A (en) * 1977-05-26 1979-01-09 Frolov Jury F Apparatus for forming self-sintering electrodes

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE529118C (en) * 1925-06-06 1931-07-10 Josias Rees Metal-reinforced continuous carbon electrode for electric ovens
US3524004A (en) * 1968-12-03 1970-08-11 Ohio Ferro Alloys Corp Non-metal reinforced self-baking electrode for electric furnaces
US4133968A (en) * 1977-05-26 1979-01-09 Frolov Jury F Apparatus for forming self-sintering electrodes

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998051129A1 (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-11-12 Silicium Becancour Inc. Electrode type söderberg for making silicon alloys and silicon metal
US5854807A (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-12-29 Skw Canada Inc. Electrode for silicon alloys and silicon metal
FR2770079A1 (en) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-23 Action Finances Ind Composite electrode for electric metallurgical furnace
WO2000011226A1 (en) * 1998-08-25 2000-03-02 Pyromet (Proprietary) Limited Söderberg-type composite electrode for arc smelting furnace
US6452956B1 (en) * 1998-08-25 2002-09-17 Marcel Sciarone Soderberg-type composite electrode for arc smelting furnace

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CN1043557A (en) 1990-07-04
DE3840827A1 (en) 1990-06-07
EP0372236B1 (en) 1993-10-27
EP0372236A3 (en) 1991-01-16
CN1017085B (en) 1992-06-17

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