EP0357378B1 - Herstellung von Zwei-Komponenten-Produkten - Google Patents

Herstellung von Zwei-Komponenten-Produkten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0357378B1
EP0357378B1 EP89308729A EP89308729A EP0357378B1 EP 0357378 B1 EP0357378 B1 EP 0357378B1 EP 89308729 A EP89308729 A EP 89308729A EP 89308729 A EP89308729 A EP 89308729A EP 0357378 B1 EP0357378 B1 EP 0357378B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
green state
slurry
product
binder
state mass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89308729A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0357378A2 (de
EP0357378A3 (de
Inventor
Richard Patrick Burnand
Raymond Albert Chapman
Trevor John Martell
Stephen Anthony Parsons
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
De Beers Industrial Diamond Division Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
De Beers Industrial Diamond Division Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by De Beers Industrial Diamond Division Pty Ltd filed Critical De Beers Industrial Diamond Division Pty Ltd
Priority to AT89308729T priority Critical patent/ATE98543T1/de
Publication of EP0357378A2 publication Critical patent/EP0357378A2/de
Publication of EP0357378A3 publication Critical patent/EP0357378A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0357378B1 publication Critical patent/EP0357378B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of abrasive products.
  • Abrasive compacts are used extensively in cutting, milling, grinding, drilling and other abrasive operations.
  • the abrasive compacts consist of a mass of diamond or cubic boron nitride particles bonded into a coherent, polycrystalline hard conglomerate.
  • the abrasive particle content of abrasive compacts is high and there is an extensive amount of direct particle-to-particle bonding.
  • Abrasive compacts are made under elevated temperature and pressure conditions at which the abrasive particle, be it diamond or cubic boron nitride, is crystallographically stable.
  • Abrasive compacts tend to be brittle and in use they are frequently supported by being bonded to a cemented carbide substrate. Such supported abrasive compacts are known in the art as composite abrasive compacts. The composite abrasive compact may be used as such in the working surface of an abrasive tool.
  • Composite abrasive compacts are generally produced by placing the components, in powdered form, necessary to form an abrasive compact on a cemented carbide substrate. This unbonded assembly is placed in a reaction capsule which is then placed in the reaction zone of a conventional high pressure/high temperature apparatus. The contents of the reaction capsule are subjected to conditions of elevated temperature and pressure at which the abrasive particles are crystallographically stable.
  • abrasive bodies which do not contain as high an abrasive particle content as abrasive compacts are also known and used in the art.
  • Such abrasive bodies generally comprise a sintered body containing 40 to 60 volume percent of cubic boron nitride particles uniformly dispersed in a continuous ceramic bonding matrix. These abrasive bodies are also made under temperature and pressure conditions at which the cubic boron nitride is crystallographically stable.
  • United States Patent Specification No. 4,469,802 describes such a body.
  • European Patent Publication No. 0278703 published 17 August 1988 describes and claims a method of making an abrasive body which comprises a layer of bonded ultra-hard abrasive particles bonded to a substrate, including the steps of providing the substrate, depositing a layer of the components necessary to form the layer of bonded ultra-hard abrasive particles, in particulate form, in an organic binder on a surface of the substrate, and subjecting the substrate and layer to conditions of elevated temperature and pressure at which the ultra-hard abrasive particle is crystallographically stable.
  • the layer of particulate components may be deposited on the surface of the substrate by suspending the particulate components in a liquid containing the organic binder dispersed or dissolved therein, depositing the liquid suspension on the surface and removing the liquid from the suspension.
  • the layer of bonded ultra-hard abrasive particles will typically be a diamond or cubic boron nitride abrasive compact.
  • EP-A-O 246 438 discloses a method of forming an article comprising the steps of (a) forming a mixture comprising (1) powders selected from the group of metal powders, ceramic powders, and mixtures thereof, (2) a gel-forming material having a gel strength, measured at a temperature between 0°C and about 22°C on a gel consisting essentially of about 4 wt.% of the gel-forming material and water, of at least about 100 g/cm2, and (3) a gel-forming material solvent, and (b) moulding the mixture at a temperature sufficient to produce a self-supporting article comprising the powders and a gel comprising the gel-forming material.
  • the preferred gel-forming material is an agaroid, and the preferred moulding method is injection moulding.
  • the two layers may have different characteristics such as abrasiveness, density, thermal conductivity or the like.
  • the invention has particular application to the manufacture of composite abrasive compacts.
  • the particulate material of the one slurry will be capable of producing cemented carbide while the particulate material of the other slurry will be capable of producing an abrasive compact.
  • the two-component green state product will be subjected to conditions of elevated temperature and pressure suitable to produce an abrasive compact.
  • Figures 1 to 3 illustrate a mould in various stages during the method of the invention.
  • the liquid medium is preferably water containing a suitable binder dissolved or dispersed therein, the binder being capable of forming a gel on application of heat.
  • binders should decompose or volatilise at a temperature of about 350°C or lower.
  • examples of such binders are organic binders such as cellulose ethers or esters.
  • An example of a particularly suitable binder is methyl cellulose. Methyl cellulose forms a gel at a temperature of between 50 and 100°C.
  • the water and binder must be removed prior to the application of the elevated temperature and pressure conditions. This removal may be achieved by heating. Preferably the heating takes place in two stages. In the first stage, the water is removed by heating the green state mass or masses to a temperature above 100°C. Thereafter, the binder may be volatilised or decomposed by heating the green state mass or masses to the appropriate temperature to cause this to happen.
  • the conditions of elevated temperature and pressure which are used are typically a pressure in the range 25 to 70 kilobars and a temperature in the range 1400 to 1600°C. Typically, these elevated conditions are maintained for a period of 10 to 30 minutes.
  • the abrasive particles of the abrasive compact may be self-bonded or there may be present a second phase. It is preferred that the abrasive compact has a second phase.
  • the abrasive particles are diamond
  • the second phase will typically be, or contain, a catalyst or solvent for diamond manufacture such as cobalt.
  • the abrasive particle is cubic boron nitride
  • the second phase will typically contain or consist of aluminium, an aluminium alloy or ceramic compound.
  • the particle size of the components in the slurries will vary according to the nature of the product being produced. Where the product is a composite abrasive compact, the particles will generally be fine, for example less than 150 microns.
  • the invention provides an effective way of producing a two-component product which has an interface between the two components profiled in the suitable configuration.
  • the interface may be corrugated, scalloped, grooved or have any other similar shape.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a mould consisting of two parts - a sleeve 10 and a removable base 12.
  • the sleeve 10 is of right circular cylindrical shape.
  • the base 12 has an upwardly projecting portion 14 which is received with a snug fit in the sleeve 10.
  • the top surface 16 of the projecting portion 14 has a number of upwardly projecting ridges 18.
  • a first slurry is made consisting of a mass of carbide and cobalt powders suspended in water which contains methyl cellulose dissolved therein.
  • This slurry 20 is poured into the mould to fill the sleeve 10, as illustrated by Figure 2.
  • the slurry 20 is heated to a temperature of between 50°C and 100°C to cause the methyl cellulose to gel producing a green state mass.
  • the base 12 is removed from the sleeve and the sleeve inverted, as illustrated by Figure 3.
  • the green state mass 20 has a plurality of grooves 22 formed in the upper surface 24, those grooves 22 having the same shape as the ridges 18.
  • a second slurry is made.
  • the second slurry consists of a mass of diamond particles suspended in water containing methyl cellulose dissolved therein.
  • the slurry is poured on to the surface 24 so that it fills the grooves 22 and the remainder of the sleeve 10 (see Figure 3).
  • the slurry is heated to a temperature of between 50°C and 100°C to cause the methyl cellulose to gel producing a second green state mass 26 which is bonded to the first green state mass 20.
  • the two-component green state product is removed from the sleeve and placed in an appropriate capsule or canister for insertion in the reaction zone of a high temperature/high pressure apparatus.
  • the canister and its contents are heated, for example, in an oven, to a temperature above 100°C to drive off the water from the green state masses 20, 26. Thereafter the canister and contents are heated to a temperature of approximately 350°C to cause the methyl cellulose to decompose.
  • the loaded canister is placed in the reaction zone of a high temperature/high pressure apparatus and subjected to a temperature of 1500°C and a pressure of 55 kilobars and these conditions are maintained for a period of 10 minutes.
  • a composite abrasive compact comprising a diamond compact layer 26 bonded to a cemented carbide substrate 20. This composite compact is of the groove-cutter type.
  • the green state cemented carbide producing slurry 20 is sintered under suitable conditions to produce cemented carbide from the first green state mass prior to introduction of the diamond-containing slurry into the sleeve. The remainder of the steps are as described above.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Produkts, umfassend zwei Schichten verschiedener aneinander gebundener Materialien, umfassend die Schritte des Bereitstellens einer Form (10) mit einem abnehmbaren Sockel (12) und einer innen befindlichen Oberfläche (16), die auf dem abnehmbaren Sockel in eine gewünschte Form profiliert ist, der Herstellung einer ersten Aufschlämmung aus teilchenförmigem Material in einem flüssigen Medium, das sich wenigstens zu einem Rohzustand setzen kann, des Einbringens der Aufschlämmung in die Form (10), so daß die Aufschlämmung die Profiloberfläche (16) berührt, des Zum-Setzen-Bringens des Mediums, um wenigstens eine Masse im Rohzustand (20) zu erzeugen, des Entfernens der Masse im Rohzustand (20) von der Profiloberfläche (16) durch Entfernen des Sockels (12) von der Form (10), und des Umdrehens der Masse im Rohzustand (20), so daß die Masse im Rohzustand (20) eine zur Profiloberfläche komplementäre Oberfläche aufweist, des Abscheidens einer Schicht einer zweiten Aufschlämmung auf der komplementär profilierten Oberfläche der Masse im Rohzustand, die ein anderes teilchenförmiges Material in einem flüssigen Medium enthält, das sich wenigstens zu einem Rohzustand setzen kann, und des Zum-Setzen-Bringens des Mediums dieser zweiten Aufschlämmung, um wenigstens eine zweite Masse im Rohzustand (26) zu erzeugen, die an die erste Masse im Rohzustand (20) gebunden ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die beiden Schichten (20,26) unterschiedliche Schleiffähigkeit, Dichte, thermische Leitfähigkeit oder dergleichen aufweisen.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das flüssige Medium Wasser ist, das ein geeignetes Bindemittel gelöst oder dispergiert enthält, wobei das Bindemittel imstande ist, bei Anwendung von Wärme ein Gel zu bilden.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, wobei das Bindemittel imstande ist, sich bei einer Temperatur von etwa 350°C zu verflüchtigen oder zu zersetzen.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, wobei das Bindemittel ein aus Celluloseethern und -estern ausgewähltes organisches Bindemittel ist.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, wobei das Bindemittel Methylcellulose ist.
  7. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, wobei die Aufschlämmung oder die Aufschlämmungen durch Anwendung von Wärme zum Setzen in einen Rohzustend veranlaßt werden, wodurch bewirkt wird, daß das Bindemittel ein Gel bildet.
  8. Verfahren nach irgendeinem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine Schicht (20) des Produkts Sintercarbid ist und die andere Schicht (26) des Produkts ein Schleifcompact ist und das Produkt hergestellt wird aus dem Zweikomponentenprodukt im Rohzustand, indem zunächst das flüssige Medium aus dem Produkt im Rohzustand entfernt und danach das Produkt geeigneten Bedingungen erhöhter Temperatur und erhöhten Drucks ausgesetzt wird, um einen Schleifcompact zu bilden.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei es sich bei den Bedingungen erhöhter Temperatur und erhöhten Drucks, die angewandt werden, um einen Druck im Bereich von 25 bis 70 kbar und eine Temperatur im Bereich von 1400 bis 1600°C handelt.
EP89308729A 1988-08-31 1989-08-30 Herstellung von Zwei-Komponenten-Produkten Expired - Lifetime EP0357378B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89308729T ATE98543T1 (de) 1988-08-31 1989-08-30 Herstellung von zwei-komponenten-produkten.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA886475 1988-08-31
ZA886475 1988-08-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0357378A2 EP0357378A2 (de) 1990-03-07
EP0357378A3 EP0357378A3 (de) 1991-07-24
EP0357378B1 true EP0357378B1 (de) 1993-12-15

Family

ID=25579396

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89308729A Expired - Lifetime EP0357378B1 (de) 1988-08-31 1989-08-30 Herstellung von Zwei-Komponenten-Produkten

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0357378B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH02212348A (de)
AT (1) ATE98543T1 (de)
AU (1) AU605994B2 (de)
DE (1) DE68911430T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2047124T3 (de)
IE (1) IE63226B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4124401A (en) * 1977-10-21 1978-11-07 General Electric Company Polycrystalline diamond body
GB2006733B (en) * 1977-10-21 1982-10-20 Gen Electric Polycrystalline diamond body/silicon carbide or silicon nitride substrate composite
US4734237A (en) * 1986-05-15 1988-03-29 Allied Corporation Process for injection molding ceramic composition employing an agaroid gell-forming material to add green strength to a preform
US4764434A (en) * 1987-06-26 1988-08-16 Sandvik Aktiebolag Diamond tools for rock drilling and machining

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68911430D1 (de) 1994-01-27
EP0357378A2 (de) 1990-03-07
EP0357378A3 (de) 1991-07-24
ATE98543T1 (de) 1994-01-15
AU605994B2 (en) 1991-01-24
AU4081389A (en) 1990-03-08
ES2047124T3 (es) 1994-02-16
JPH02212348A (ja) 1990-08-23
IE892787L (en) 1990-02-28
DE68911430T2 (de) 1994-04-07
IE63226B1 (en) 1995-04-05

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