EP0356987A2 - Method of processing cereals - Google Patents
Method of processing cereals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0356987A2 EP0356987A2 EP89115901A EP89115901A EP0356987A2 EP 0356987 A2 EP0356987 A2 EP 0356987A2 EP 89115901 A EP89115901 A EP 89115901A EP 89115901 A EP89115901 A EP 89115901A EP 0356987 A2 EP0356987 A2 EP 0356987A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- caryopses
- decortication
- components
- abrading
- coriaceous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
- B02B3/00—Hulling; Husking; Decorticating; Polishing; Removing the awns; Degerming
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of processing cereals for the production of semi-whole flour and light brans or brans with low content of coriaceous components.
- trimming or degerminating i.e. the removal of the embryos or germs from the caryopses, is effected by passing the grain into rotating cages, in the meshes of which the germs, located prominently at one end of the caryopsis, are caught and thus separated from the latter. Parenthetically, this trimming or degermination operation can be omitted in the production of whole flour.
- the grains are milled releasing flour and bran, the latter of which can be kept, in whole or in part, with the former in order to form precisely so-called whole flour or be separated from it to form white flour.
- An object of the present invention is therefore to provide whole flour from cereals in general and wheat in particular in which all the natural nutritional components are retained but which is also lacking in mostly coriaceous components so as to maximize the nutritive and digestible character thereof.
- Another object of the present invention is to achieve the above purpose by a method which is easily carried out both on a small scale and on an industrial scale.
- a further but not final object of the present invention is to achieve the above goals through a simple and economical method which is easily included in the known methods of processing, and furthermore to use devices which are easily obtainable for carrying out the method of the invention.
- the method of the present invention which by the way is commercially referred to as "Rufibor-Fibrabuona" provides that the caryopses, after being subjected to the normal pre-milling cycles or winnowing, washing, drying, conditioning and settling, with the exclusion of any trimming or degermination operation, are subjected to a slight or gentle action of decortication of the pericarp surface abrasion thereof.
- This decortication is preferably effected by already known decortisizing machines, primarily formed by vertical grinding wheels which upon their turning rub off when passing, an incoherent body of caryopses, caused to pass around them and held against them, temporarily squeezed by restriction of the lower outlet mouth.
- These machines are used in accordance with the known technique for radically decortisizing the caryopses of barley in order to obtain malt for the production of beer.
- the decortisizing action on the caryopses in accordance with the present invention must be very gentle, which can be easily achieved by modifying the known decortisizing devices by suitably increasing the size of the outlet mouth in order to decrease the pressure on the caryopses, which can possibly be made to pass several times through the decortisizing machine.
- the slight or gentle abrasion to be effected on the caryopses means to remove the peripheral and more coriaceous parts of the pericarps or the helicarp and the outermost part of the mesocarp as well as the tuft of hairs, but leaving the embryo or germs intact.
- peripheral layers of the pericarp is characterized by the presence of seed-protective substances, such as tannins and polyphenyls, which, from the point of view of human food, have antinutritional characteristics since they block the absorption of proteins.
- the caryopses which have thus been decortisized on the surface are milled, by the known technique, preferably with a millstone or roller type mill, obtaining a whole flour which contains only the less coriaceous part of the bran, which latter can furthermore then be isolated, as in the known technique, thus obtaining a bran which can be defined as light in view of its low coriaceous characteristics.
- the method of the present invention achieves the above stated objects and advantages by providing a product which, even though rich in fibers as is characteristic of whole flours, is easily digested.
Landscapes
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a method of processing cereals for the production of semi-whole flour and light brans or brans with low content of coriaceous components.
- In accordance with the known milling technique, the seeds of cereals in general, so-called semi-fruit or caryopses, and of wheat in particular, once they have been selected, washed and dried, undergo the following operations:
- The so-called trimming or degerminating, i.e. the removal of the embryos or germs from the caryopses, is effected by passing the grain into rotating cages, in the meshes of which the germs, located prominently at one end of the caryopsis, are caught and thus separated from the latter. Parenthetically, this trimming or degermination operation can be omitted in the production of whole flour.
- In the milling process, the grains are milled releasing flour and bran, the latter of which can be kept, in whole or in part, with the former in order to form precisely so-called whole flour or be separated from it to form white flour.
- For some time, whole flour has been regaining more and more increasing use due to its richness in fibers and nutritious components, and is regarded with good reason as recommendable for a balanced human diet.
- By the above-mentioned known technique, however, whole flour is obtained which, on the one hand, if the caryopses have undergone prior degermination treatment, are lacking in this rich nutritional component, and on the other hand, also contains relatively substantially coriaceous components and therefore components which are not easily digestible due to the complete milling of the pericarp.
- An object of the present invention is therefore to provide whole flour from cereals in general and wheat in particular in which all the natural nutritional components are retained but which is also lacking in mostly coriaceous components so as to maximize the nutritive and digestible character thereof.
- Another object of the present invention is to achieve the above purpose by a method which is easily carried out both on a small scale and on an industrial scale.
- A further but not final object of the present invention is to achieve the above goals through a simple and economical method which is easily included in the known methods of processing, and furthermore to use devices which are easily obtainable for carrying out the method of the invention.
- These and other objects are achieved by the method of processing cereals for the production of semi-whole flour and light brans or brans of low content of coriaceous components in accordance with the present invention, comprising slight or gentle superficial decortication-abrading of the caryopses and subsequent complete milling thereof to obtain a bran which, combined with the flour or separate from it, is substantially free of coriaceous components while retaining the more digestible fibrous and nutritional components.
- In greater detail, the method of the present invention which by the way is commercially referred to as "Rufibor-Fibrabuona", provides that the caryopses, after being subjected to the normal pre-milling cycles or winnowing, washing, drying, conditioning and settling, with the exclusion of any trimming or degermination operation, are subjected to a slight or gentle action of decortication of the pericarp surface abrasion thereof.
- This decortication is preferably effected by already known decortisizing machines, primarily formed by vertical grinding wheels which upon their turning rub off when passing, an incoherent body of caryopses, caused to pass around them and held against them, temporarily squeezed by restriction of the lower outlet mouth. These machines are used in accordance with the known technique for radically decortisizing the caryopses of barley in order to obtain malt for the production of beer. The decortisizing action on the caryopses in accordance with the present invention, however, must be very gentle, which can be easily achieved by modifying the known decortisizing devices by suitably increasing the size of the outlet mouth in order to decrease the pressure on the caryopses, which can possibly be made to pass several times through the decortisizing machine.
- In this connection, the slight or gentle abrasion to be effected on the caryopses means to remove the peripheral and more coriaceous parts of the pericarps or the helicarp and the outermost part of the mesocarp as well as the tuft of hairs, but leaving the embryo or germs intact.
- It should be noted that the chemical composition of these peripheral layers of the pericarp is characterized by the presence of seed-protective substances, such as tannins and polyphenyls, which, from the point of view of human food, have antinutritional characteristics since they block the absorption of proteins.
- Subsequently, the caryopses which have thus been decortisized on the surface are milled, by the known technique, preferably with a millstone or roller type mill, obtaining a whole flour which contains only the less coriaceous part of the bran, which latter can furthermore then be isolated, as in the known technique, thus obtaining a bran which can be defined as light in view of its low coriaceous characteristics.
- As appears obvious from the detailed description given above, the method of the present invention achieves the above stated objects and advantages by providing a product which, even though rich in fibers as is characteristic of whole flours, is easily digested.
- Since these as well as further embodiments and modifications thereto are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, the above description should be construed as illustrative and not in a limiting sense, the scope of the invention being defined solely by the following claims.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT3315888U IT8833158V0 (en) | 1988-09-01 | 1988-09-01 | EUFIBER-FIBRABUONA |
IT3315888U | 1988-09-01 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0356987A2 true EP0356987A2 (en) | 1990-03-07 |
EP0356987A3 EP0356987A3 (en) | 1990-06-27 |
Family
ID=11236882
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89115901A Withdrawn EP0356987A3 (en) | 1988-09-01 | 1989-08-29 | Method of processing cereals |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0356987A3 (en) |
IT (1) | IT8833158V0 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005000471A1 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2005-01-06 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for preparation of genetically transformable plant tissue |
US7935529B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2011-05-03 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method for excision of plant embryos for transformation |
US7939325B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2011-05-10 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for substantially isolating plant tissues |
US7937890B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2011-05-10 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for substantially isolating plant tissues |
US8044260B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2011-10-25 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method of meristem excision and transformation |
IT201800003528A1 (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2019-09-14 | Agugiaro & Figna Molini S P A | Improved grinding method |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3717480A (en) * | 1970-12-24 | 1973-02-20 | Milliat Freres Soc | Treatment of grain |
-
1988
- 1988-09-01 IT IT3315888U patent/IT8833158V0/en unknown
-
1989
- 1989-08-29 EP EP89115901A patent/EP0356987A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3717480A (en) * | 1970-12-24 | 1973-02-20 | Milliat Freres Soc | Treatment of grain |
Cited By (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7402734B2 (en) | 2003-06-16 | 2008-07-22 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for preparation of genetically transformable plant tissue |
US7658033B2 (en) | 2003-06-16 | 2010-02-09 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for preparation of genetically transformable plant tissue |
US7694457B2 (en) | 2003-06-16 | 2010-04-13 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for preparation of genetically transformable plant tissue |
WO2005000471A1 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2005-01-06 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for preparation of genetically transformable plant tissue |
US9648814B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2017-05-16 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for substantially isolating plant tissues |
US7935529B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2011-05-03 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method for excision of plant embryos for transformation |
US11212972B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2022-01-04 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for substantially isolating plant tissues |
US7937890B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2011-05-10 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for substantially isolating plant tissues |
US10433503B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2019-10-08 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for substantially isolating plant tissues |
US8323974B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2012-12-04 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method for excision of plant embryos for transformation |
US9790512B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2017-10-17 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Preparation and use of plant embryo explants for transformation |
US8044260B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2011-10-25 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method of meristem excision and transformation |
US9006513B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2015-04-14 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Preparation and use of plant embryo explants for transformation |
US11542514B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2023-01-03 | Monsanto Technology, Llc | Apparatus for the preparation and use of plant embryo explants for transformation |
US8362317B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2013-01-29 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Preparation and use of plant embryo explants for transformation |
US9885053B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2018-02-06 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method of meristem excision and transformation |
US11485980B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2022-11-01 | Monsanto Technology, Llc | Method of meristem excision and transformation |
US10920235B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2021-02-16 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Apparatus for the preparation and use of plant embryo explants for transformation |
US10717983B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2020-07-21 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method of meristem excision and transformation |
US8937216B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2015-01-20 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method of meristem excision and transformation |
US10584345B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2020-03-10 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Preparation and use of plant embryo explants for transformation |
US10918032B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2021-02-16 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for substantially isolating plant tissues |
US7939325B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2011-05-10 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for substantially isolating plant tissues |
US11477954B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2022-10-25 | Monsanto Technology, Llc | Method and apparatus for substantially isolating plant tissues |
US10091957B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2018-10-09 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for substantially isolating plant tissues |
US8815596B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2014-08-26 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Method and apparatus for substantially isolating plant tissues |
EP3539667A1 (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2019-09-18 | Agugiaro & Figna Molini S.p.A. | Improved grinding method |
IT201800003528A1 (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2019-09-14 | Agugiaro & Figna Molini S P A | Improved grinding method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0356987A3 (en) | 1990-06-27 |
IT8833158V0 (en) | 1988-09-01 |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19930105 |