EP0356025B1 - Connecteur en guirlande et méthode - Google Patents

Connecteur en guirlande et méthode Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0356025B1
EP0356025B1 EP89307742A EP89307742A EP0356025B1 EP 0356025 B1 EP0356025 B1 EP 0356025B1 EP 89307742 A EP89307742 A EP 89307742A EP 89307742 A EP89307742 A EP 89307742A EP 0356025 B1 EP0356025 B1 EP 0356025B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductors
terminating
contacts
cable
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP89307742A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0356025A1 (fr
Inventor
Earl William Mccleerey
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Whitaker LLC
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Whitaker LLC
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/70Coupling devices
    • H01R12/77Coupling devices for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures
    • H01R12/81Coupling devices for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures connecting to another cable except for flat or ribbon cable
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/50Fixed connections
    • H01R12/59Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures
    • H01R12/65Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures characterised by the terminal
    • H01R12/67Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures characterised by the terminal insulation penetrating terminals
    • H01R12/675Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures characterised by the terminal insulation penetrating terminals with contacts having at least a slotted plate for penetration of cable insulation, e.g. insulation displacement contacts for round conductor flat cables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical connector assembly in combination with conductors of a multiconductor cable capable of providing a connector in a daisy chain configuration on a cable and to a method of terminating either conductors of a multiconductor flat cable, or conductors of a multiple conductor round cable, to the connector assembly in a daisy chain configuration.
  • Connectors for terminating a flat ribbon cable in a daisy chain configuration are known. Typical connectors for terminating a ribbon style cable in a daisy chain configuration are shown in U.S. Patents 4,068,912, 4,410,229 and 4,668,039. These connectors are designed to terminate ribbon cable to a connector having receptacle contacts for reception on a corresponding array of square posts.
  • a pin and socket connector is disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,062,616, 4,241,970 and RE 32,439 capable of terminating a flat ribbon cable in a daisy chain configuration.
  • These patents disclose connectors having contacts that terminate to a single array of conductors which permits a ribbon cable to be terminated to contacts secured in the connector, then pass through the connector to continue in the daisy chain configuration.
  • High density connectors such as the AMPLIMITE .050 Series connector sold by the assignee, typically have contacts with insulation displacement cable terminating sections in two, oppositely-facing arrays which do not permit terminating a ribbon cable in the manner of the connectors disclosed in the above patents.
  • a ribbon cable may be folded over with the conductors of the cable terminated to two arrays of contacts.
  • a first portion of the conductors of a cable is terminated in staggered terminals on a first level and the remaining conductors are terminated to spaced contacts on a second level, as taught by U.S. Patent Number 4,143,935.
  • This approach is not suited to daisy chain applications as it does not permit the cable to be received from a previous connector in the daisy chain configuration at a first side of a terminating connector and pass from a second side of the terminating connector to a subsequent connector in the daisy chain configuration.
  • the pin assignments between the cable conductor and contacts is very limited and may not be consistent, depending upon how the conductors of the folded cable are oriented with respect to the two levels of contacts at each connector.
  • the insulation that interconnects conductors of a ribbon cable is split, parallel to the axis of the conductors, midway between conductors for a limited length along the cable. Alternate conductors or groups of conductors, as split out of the cable, are formed into a first loop, with the remaining alternate conductors or groups of conductors, as split out of the cable, formed into a second loop.
  • a connector housing having two arrays of insulation displacing contacts is positioned between the conductors forming the two loops with the insulation displacing portion of the contacts oriented to terminate to the conductors forming the loops.
  • a cable terminating cover is inserted through each of the first and second loops of conductors.
  • the conductors are positioned in respective fluted recesses in a respective cable terminating cover in accordance with a desired conductor-to-contact relationship.
  • the cable terminating covers are positioned with interengaging legs facing each other.
  • the conductors are terminated to the insulation displacing portion of the contacts in the connector housing by pressing the cable terminating covers together. Strain relief may be provided.
  • the present invention consists in an electrical connector assembly as defined in claim 1.
  • US-A-4 026 616 discloses a connector assembly according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention consists in a method as defined in claim 6.
  • Figure 1 depicts a side sectional view of an electrical connector 10 having two arrays of insulation displacement contacts capable of terminating conductors of a multiple conductor cable to a pin or socket type connector in a daisy chain configuration in accordance with the present invention.
  • Connector 10 is an improvement over the connector disclosed in copending Application Serial No. 090,296 filed August 31, 1987, (corresponding to EP-A-0 331 688 publ. 13.09.89).
  • the preferred embodiment shows a shielded plug connector, however, the invention has application to other connectors such as unshielded connectors and receptacle connectors.
  • Drawn shell 12 shields tabs 14 of contact 16 and engages shielding of a complementary connector when mated thereto.
  • Elongate housing 20 is molded of thermoplastic material having a mating face 22 and opposing rear face 24 and a plurality of contact receiving passages 26 extending therebetween.
  • Mating face 22 may provide a polarization feature by having a trapezoidal or subminiature-D shape.
  • Shell 12 surrounds mating face 22 and conforms to the shape of housing 20. Shell 12 extends forward of mating face 22 and provides shielding for contacts 16.
  • Contact receiving passages 26 are arranged in two rows 27,29 and have contacts 16 secured therein. Contacts 16 are secured in contact receiving passages 26 by barbs 28 which plow through the sidewalls of contact receiving passages 26 upon insertion of contact 16, thereby securing contacts 16 by an interference fit.
  • Contact 16 includes central body portion 30 securingly received in contact receiving passages 26, with a mating portion, shown in the preferred embodiment as tab 14, extending from a first side thereof.
  • a terminating portion 32 extends from another side of body portion 30 and has on its free end a slotted insulation displacing plate 34 as is known in the art. Due to the relatively small size of connector 10 relative to the centerline spacing of contacts 16, adjacent contacts 16 in each row 27,29 have terminating portions 32 of different lengths to provide space for insulation displacing plates 34 with the result that insulation displacing plates 34 form two rows 35,37 on each side of terminal support block 36.
  • Terminal support block 36 extends rearward from rear face 24 between the two rows 27,29 of contact receiving passages 26 at least as far as terminating portions 32, defining surfaces 42,44 and having apertures 38 (see Figure 6) at opposite ends thereof.
  • Apertures 38 have axes that are parallel with insulation displacing plates 34.
  • Insulation displacing plates 34 in rows 27 and 29 have conductor receiving slots 40 that are opposed and open facing away from surfaces 42,44. During termination of conductors 48 to contacts 16, insulation displacing plates 34 bear on respective surfaces 42,44 of block 36.
  • An electrical connector 10 in accordance with the present invention may be terminated to either multiple conductor ribbon cable or multiple conductor round cable.
  • the jacket 47 or shielding 49 are stripped back or removed through the length of limited segment 50.
  • the insulation between adjacent conductors 48 is first split axially along a limited segment 50 of ribbon cable 46, as best seen in Figure 2.
  • a split 49 is made between all adjacent conductors 48 so that individual conductors 48 may be terminated to specific contacts 16 thereby permitting a specific conductor-to-contact assignment to be maintained and repeated along the daisy chain configuration.
  • This also permits terminating a ribbon cable 46 having conductors 48 on a first spacing to the insulation displacing plate 34 of contacts 16, the slots 40 of which are of a second spacing that may range from greater than to less than the first spacing.
  • Conductors 48 are formed into two loops as shown in Figure 3 through the limited segment 50 of cable 46.
  • a first loop 52 of conductors is formed of conductors 48a between the centerline 50c and end 50a of segment 50.
  • a second loop 54 of conductors is formed of conductors 48b between the centerline 50c and end 50b of segment 50.
  • Each conductor 48 is typically formed into only one of the two loops 52,54 of conductors; however, a conductor 48 could be formed into each of loops 52 and 54 and terminated on a contact 16 in each row of passages 27,29, thus being terminated on both sides of connector 10 or not terminated on a particular connector thus bypassing it to be terminated on another connector in a daisy chain configuration.
  • every other conductor 48 is formed into loop 52 with the alternate conductors 48 formed into loop 54.
  • the preferred embodiment thus provides a very convenient method of terminating ribbon cable with conductors of a first spacing to contacts having insulation displacing slots of a second spacing where the spacing of the contacts 16 is twice as great as the spacing of conductors 48 in ribbon cable 46.
  • conductors 48a are formed into loop 52 and conductors 48b are formed into loop 54.
  • the non-split portions of ribbon cable 46 are pulled, axially along the conductors, to be closer together.
  • the end result and loops 52,54 are best seen in Figure 1 with cable terminating covers 56,58 in a pretermination position, and in Figure 4 with cable terminating covers 56,58 in a terminated position.
  • any combination of dividing the conductors of a multiple conductor cable into a first group of conductors to form a first loop and a second group of conductors to form a second loop such that the conductors can continue in a daisy chain configuration with a predetermined conductor-to-contact assignment or a dressing are contemplated within the scope of the invention.
  • the preferred embodiment discloses forming every other conductor into a first loop and the alternate conductors into a second loop, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the first, third, fourth, ninth and tenth conductors may be formed into a first loop while the remaining conductors are formed into a second loop.
  • conductor-to-contact assignments are very flexible providing a wide range of possible conductor-to-contact assignments.
  • first conductor 48 in a transverse path across the ribbon cable is terminated to the first contact 16 in a transverse path across the row 29 of contacts across a surface 42 of terminal support block 36
  • third conductor 48 in the transverse path across the ribbon cable is terminated to the second contact 16 in a transverse path across the row of contacts across a surface 42 of terminal support block 36
  • the fifth conductor 48 in the transverse path across the ribbon cable (third conductor in loop 52) is terminated to the third contact 16 in a transverse path across the row of contacts across a surface 42 of terminal support block 36, etc.
  • the invention is not limited thereto. Any conductor-to-contact assignment is contemplated within the invention.
  • the use of a round cable with color coded insulation on the individual conductors may have some advantage in more complex conductor-to-contact assignments due to the ease of identifying conductors by the color code.
  • the conductors of a twisted pair cable can be terminated maintaining the two conductors of a twisted pair on adjacent contacts.
  • conductors 48 may be fanned out into an organized configuration that may be replicated in the daisy chain application. The conductors may be maintained in the configuration at desired spacings by any known method such as an adhesive strip, heat bonding or chemical bonding of the insulation, or by tooling. Alternatively, conductors 48 of loops 52,54 may be individually positioned relative to an insulation displacing plate 34 for termination.
  • Cable terminating covers 56,58 may be substantially as disclosed in abovementioned copending Application Serial No. 090,296 filed August 31, 1987. Cable terminating covers 56,58 are elongate having sidewalls 60,62 opposed end walls 64,66, outer surface 68 and inner surface 70, a portion of which may be fluted. Leg means 72,74 extend from inner surface 70 proximate endwalls 64,66, and have aperture means 73,75 adjacent thereto.
  • Cable terminating covers 56,58 which may be hermaphroditic, have a recess 76 on one of sidewalls 60,62 that defines a conductor receiving passage 78 which permits conductors 48 to pass between cable terminating covers 56,58, more specifically recess 76, and rear face 24 to continue in the daisy chain configuration.
  • Conductors 46 turn 90 degrees from passing along surface 70 where they are terminated to pass through passage 78 which extends perpendicular to surface 70 and parallel to insulating displacing plates 34.
  • passage 78 takes the form of notches 80 to aid in positioning and maintaining conductors 48 prior to, during and subsequent to termination.
  • Passage 78 may take other forms such as a single wide recess for all conductors or a recess with individual notches per conductor, as shown in Figure 5.
  • Conductors 48 are positioned in notch 80, as seen in Figure 6, for an insulation displacement termination.
  • Cable terminating covers 56,58 may also have channels 82 in outer surface 68 to provide a recess for conductors 48.
  • outer surface 68 of terminating covers 56,58 provides a bearing surface on which force is applied to terminate conductors 48 to contacts 16.
  • Notches 80 provide an avenue for conductors 48 to egress from between terminating covers 56,58 and terminal support block 36 as well as from between terminating covers 56,58 and rear face 24 so that conductors 48 may continue in the daisy chain configuration.
  • Conductors 48 passing between terminating covers 56,58 and terminal support block 36 provide strain relief to the termination.
  • Leg means 72,74 provide means for securing terminating covers 56,58 to terminal support block 36 and thus to connector 10.
  • Complementary shaped leg means 72,74 on inner surface 70 of terminating covers 56,58 respectively are axially aligned with apertures 38 as best seen in Figure 1. Thence, terminating covers 56,58 are moved toward terminal support block 36 in the direction of arrows 84 with legs means 72,74 passing into apertures 38 in an interference fit, thence into aperture means 73,75 in the other terminating cover.
  • conductors 48 are terminated by respective insulation displacing plates 34 in both rows of contacts 16.
  • Leg means 72,74 engage sidewalls of apertures 38 as well as a protrusion 86 on the walls of aperture means 73,75 in the other terminating cover to secure terminating covers 56,58 in the terminated position.
  • Figure 7 shows a series of connectors 10 terminated in a daisy chain configuration on a ribbon cable 46.
  • the connectors are shown without backshells and backshell covers, but could have these features.
  • Figure 8 shows a series of connectors 10 terminated in a daisy chain configuration on a round cable 46.
  • Housing 20 may be secured and partially enclosed in backshell members 88,90.
  • Backshell members 88,90 may be electrically conductive with drawn shell 12 and shielding 49 as well as shielding on cable 46, if present, to provide a common ground therebetween.
  • Backshells 88,90 may be as disclosed in abovementioned Application Serial No. 090,296 having a single cable exit 92 for the cable 46.
  • there may be a dual cable exit 92' for conductors as shown in backshell member 88′,90′ in Figure 8.
  • Strain relief is provided to the conductors proximate the cable exit, such as by strain relief means 94.

Landscapes

  • Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Assemblage (10) de connecteur électrique en combinaison avec des conducteurs (48) d'un câble (46) à conducteurs multiples devant être terminé par ledit assemblage (10) dans une configuration en guirlande, ledit assemblage (10) ayant un boîtier diélectrique (20) présentant une face d'accouplement (22) et une face arrière opposée (24) entre lesquelles s'étendent plusieurs passages (26) de réception on de contacs disposés en deux rangées et dans lesquels sont fixées des première et seconde rangées (27, 29) de contacts (16), lesdits contacts (16) ayant un axe, une partie d'accouplement (14) proche de ladite phase d'accouplement (22) et une partie de terminaison (32) s'étendant au-delà de ladite face arrière (24), ladite partie de terminaison (32) étant formée de façon à être une plaque (34) à déplacement d'isolant présentant une fente (40), et une pairé de couvercles (56, 58) de terminaison de conducteurs, chacun desdits couvercles (56, 58) de terminaison de conducteurs étant conque pour être reçu à proximité immédiate de ladite face arrière (24) et pour terminer des conducteurs (48) sur la partie de terminaison (32) de contacts respectifs (26) d'une rangée de contacts (16), chacun desdits couvercles (56, 58) de terminaison de conducteurs comportant des moyens pour assujettir ledit couvercle audit boîtier (20) ; caractérisé en ce que chaque couvercle (56, 58) de terminaison présente un passage (78) de réception de conducteurs adjacent à ladite face arrière (24) et destiné au passage de conducteurs (48) entre la face arrière (24) et un couvercle respectif (56, 58) de terminaison, et en ce que la fente (40) dans chaque plaque (34) de déplacement d'isolant s'étend normalement à l'axe desdits contacts (16), la plaque (34) de déplacement d'isolant dans la première rangée (27) ou (29) de contacts (16) s'étendant dans une premier sens et la plaque (34) à déplacement d'isolant de la seconde rangée (29 ou 27) de contacts (16) s'étendant dans un second sens, ledit second sens étant opposé audit premier sens ; grâce à quoi, lorsque les conducteurs (48) d'un câble (46) à conducteurs multiples sont terminés sur les contacts (16) de l'assemblage (10) de connecteur électrique dans une configuration en guirlande, les conducteurs (48) sont reçus depuis un premier côté de l'assemblage de connecteur, s'étendant transversalement à la face d'accouplement (22) et à la face arrière (24), passent au-dessus dos plaques respectives (34) à déplacement d'isolant pour être terminés sur elles, puis dans lesdits passages (78) de réception de conducteurs de façon à s'étendre depuis un second côté de l'assemblage de connecteur opposé audit premier côte jusqu'à un autre connecteur dans la configuration en guirlande.
  2. Assemblage de connecteur électrique selon le revendications 1, caractérisé en outre en ce que le passage (78) de réception de conducteurs est profilé de façon à aligner des conducteurs (48) du câble (46) avec la partie (32) de terminaison de contacts respectifs (16).
  3. Assemblage (10) de connecteur électrique selon la revendications 2, caractérisé en outre en ce que la surface d'un couvercle (56, 58) de terminaison de conducteurs est cannelée pour aider au positionnement de conducteurs (48) du câble (46) au même écartement que les contacts respectifs (16).
  4. Assemblage (10) de connecteur électrique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en outre par un bloc (36) de support de bornes s'étendant depuis la face arrière (24) dudit boîtier (20) entre les rangées de contacts, lesdits couvercles (56, 58) de terminaison de conducteurs étant fixés audit bloc (36) de support de bornes.
  5. Assemblage (10) de connecteur électrique selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en outre par une paire d'ouvertures espacées (38) dans ledit bloc (36) de support de bornes, définissant des parois d'ouvertures, lesdits moyens de fixation des couvercles comprenant des premiers moyens à tenons espacés (72) ayant des premiers moyens à ouvertures (73) qui leur font adjacents sur un premier couvercle (56) de terminaison, lesdits premiers moyens à ouvertures (73) définissant un premier moyen à paroi, des seconds moyens à tenons espacés (74) ayant des seconds moyens à ouvertures (75) qui leur sont adjacents sur un second couvercle (58) de terminaison, lesdits seconds moyens à ouvertures définissant des seconds moyens à parois, lesdits premiers moyens à tenons (72) étant destinés à être reçus dans ladite paire d'ouvertures espacées (38) dans une position prédéterminée en un ajustement serré entre une première position desdits premiers moyens à tenons (72) et une première partie desdites parois d'ouvertures, lesdits seconds moyens à tenons (74) étant destinés à être reçus dans ladite paire d'ouvertures espacées (38) à partir d'une direction opposée par rapport à celle desdits premiers moyens à tenons lesdits seconds moyen à tenons (74) étant destinés à être reçus dans ladite paire d'ouvertures espacées (38) en une position prédéterminée dans un ajustement serré entre une première partie desdits seconds moyens à tenons (74) et une seconde partie desdites parois d'ouvertures, lesdits premiers moyens à tenons (72) étant destinés à être fixés dans lesdites ouvertures espacées dans une position de terminaison, lesdits premiers moyens à tenons (72) pénétrant dans lesdits seconds moyens à ouvertures (75) en un ajustement serré entre une seconde partis desdits premiers moyens à tenons (72) et lesdits seconds moyens à parois, lesdits seconds moyens à tenons (74) étant destinés à être fixés dans lesdites ouvertures (38) en une position de terminaison, lesdites seconds moyens à tenons (74) pénétrant dans lesdits premiers moyens à ouvertures (73) en un ajustement serré entre une seconde partie desdits seconds moyens à tenons (74) et lesdits premiers moyens à parois, lesdits seconde moyens à tenons (74) étant destinés à être fixés en même temps que lesdits premiers moyens à tenons (72), grâce à quoi, lorsque les premier et second couvercles (56, 58) de terminaison terminent des conducteurs (48) sur la partie de terminaison de contacts (32) pendant qu'ils sont déplacés de la position de préterminaison à la position terminée, l'ajustement serré qui assujettit le couvercle de terminaison dans la position terminée étant entre des moyens à parois et une zone des moyens à tenons respectifs qui n'était pas précédemment déformée par l'ajustement serré retenant les couvercles de terminaison dans la position de préterminaison.
  6. Procédé de terminaison des des conducteurs (48) d'un câble (46) à conducteurs multiples, en un point intermédiaire de ces conducteurs, sur un assemblage de connecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, comportant un boîtier (20) et plusieurs contacts (16) ayant des parties (32) de terminaison destinées à recevoir les conducteurs (48), le procédé comprenant les étapes qui consistent : à fendre le câble (46) entre des conducteurs adjacents (48) sur une longueur limitée (50) du câble (46) avant de diviser les conducteurs (48) du câble (46) à conducteurs multiples en un premier groupe préalablement choisi (48a) de conducteurs (48) et un second groupe préalablement choisi (48b) de conducteurs (48), à façonner les conducteurs (48) du premier groupe (48a) en une première boucle (52) et terminer ledit premier groupe (48a) de conducteurs, chacun sur une première partie de terminaison (32) desdits contacts (16), grâce à quoi ledit premier groupe préalablement choisi (48a) de conducteurs (48) est constitue des conducteurs autres que es conducteurs alternés (48).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, comprenant les étapes qui consistant à façonner le second groupe (48b) de conducteurs en une seconde boucle (54), et à terminer ledit second groupe (48b) de conducteurs chacun sur une seconde partie de terminaison (32) desdits contacts (16).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel l'étape de division des conducteurs en un premier groupe préalablement choisi (48a) de conducteurs et un second groupe préalablement choisi (48b) de conducteurs est telle que le second groupe préalablement choisi (48b) de conducteurs (48) est formé de façon à comprendre au moins l'un des conducteurs (48) faisant également partie du premier groupe (48a) de conducteurs (48).
EP89307742A 1988-08-26 1989-07-31 Connecteur en guirlande et méthode Expired - Lifetime EP0356025B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US23724588A 1988-08-26 1988-08-26
US237245 1988-08-26

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EP0356025A1 EP0356025A1 (fr) 1990-02-28
EP0356025B1 true EP0356025B1 (fr) 1994-04-27

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EP (1) EP0356025B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2784812B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR940011571B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1310087C (fr)
DE (1) DE68914915T2 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR900004064A (ko) 1990-03-27
EP0356025A1 (fr) 1990-02-28
CA1310087C (fr) 1992-11-10
DE68914915D1 (de) 1994-06-01
JPH02114467A (ja) 1990-04-26
JP2784812B2 (ja) 1998-08-06
DE68914915T2 (de) 1994-11-10
KR940011571B1 (ko) 1994-12-21

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