EP0354327B1

EP0354327B1 - A hook arrangement

Info

Publication number: EP0354327B1
Application number: EP19890111297
Authority: EP
Inventors: Carl Mcvey; John Robert Owen
Original assignee: RWO Marine Equipment Ltd
Current assignee: RWO Marine Equipment Ltd
Priority date: 1988-07-22
Filing date: 1989-06-21
Publication date: 1992-08-12
Also published as: EP0354327A1; DE68902439D1; GB8817463D0; DE68902439T2

Description

THE PRESENT INVENTION relates to a hook arrangement and more particularly to a hook arrangement which may be used for mooring a boat.
Various types of hooks and hook arrangements have previously been proposed for use in boat mooring applications.
One prior proposed arrangement comprises a hook having a gate extending across the opening to the throat of the hook and a boat pole to which a special track may be fitted so as to enable the hook to be attached to the pole. The assembled hook and pole facilitates boat mooring, since the hook can be passed through a mooring shackle or a like from a remote position by reaching out to the shackle using the boat pole with the hook attached to the end of the pole. Once the hook is secured to the shackle, or other fixed mooring point, the pole may be pulled free from the hook leaving the hook secured to the shackle. A length of rope is secured, at one end, to the hook and at the other end to a fixed point on the boat to be moored.
Whilst this prior proposal assists the mooring procedure, it is still necessary, when releasing the boat from its mooring, to pull the boat close enough to the mooring point so that the hook is within arms reach to enable the hook to be released manually. It will be appreciated that reaching from a boat with an outstretched arm to release the hook is a precarious and sometimes dangerous operation. This operation may be even more difficult in "foreign" moorings where the height of the mooring point is different from that for which the boat was designed. In addition the operation of releasing the hook becomes particularly difficult in rough weather conditions.
Other prior proposals have attempted to address this problem and reference may be made to U.S. Patent No. 4,595,223 which discloses a remote control assembly for use in mooring boats which comprises an elongate pole carrying a helical or circular member at one end which may be passed along a line in order to engage the gate of a hook provided on the end of the line in order to open the gate and allow the hook to be attached to and removed from a mooring ring or the like. With this prior arrangement however it is necessary to hold the elongate pole in one hand and to pull the line taut with the other hand in order to open the gate of the hook when attaching the hook to a mooring ring or removing the hook from a mooring ring. This is a rather awkward operation and the helical or circular element on the end of the elongate pole can easily slip and become disengaged from the gate during operation and this can be hazardous for the person using the assembly.
Reference may also be made to French Patent No. 2,606,732 which again discloses an arrangement for use in mooring boats. This arrangement again comprises an elongate boat pole which defines a recess or channel at one end and has a ring formed on the end of the boat pole adjacent the channel. A line can be passed through the ring so that the end of the pole may be guided along the line in order that a hook which is attached to the end of the line can be guided into the channel formed in the end of the hole so that the ring engages a gate formed on the hook in order to open the gate. Again operation of this arrangement is rather awkward since the hook is not guided into the channel formed at the end of the pole and it is necessary to pull the line taut in order to try and guide the end of the pole along the line and to align the hook with the channel formed in the end of the pole.
The present invention seeks to provide an improved hook arrangement which does not suffer from the above disadvantages and which is suitable for use in mooring a boat.
According to the present invention there is provided a hook arrangement, said arrangement comprising a hook defining a mouth; a gate mounted upon the hook and movable between a first position in which it extends across the mouth so that the mouth is closed and a second, alternative position in which it is displaced from the mouth so that the mouth is open; means for securing a line to the hook; an elongate element, said element being provided with guide means to engage the line, one end of the elongate element being configured such that when the guide means engage the line which is secured to said securing means, said one end of the elongate element may be moved axially to engage the gate and move the gate to the second or open position; characterised in that the gate is a spring member which comprises two legs interconnected at one end, the legs lying in a common plane when the spring member is in a relaxed state, the spring member being mounted upon the hook by way of the free end of each leg such that the spring member is always distorted and the legs do not lie in a common plane, and in that said one end of the elongate element is tubular and is dimensioned to receive the free end of a shank of the hook, the tubular end of the elongate element defining a central bore, the bore being provided with opposed channels dimensioned to receive the legs of the spring member, the bore being recessed from said one end, there being a tapering entrance between said one end and the central bore.
Thus the hook arrangement of the present invention enables a boat mooring operation to be effected quickly, safely and easily. The end of the elongate element defines a central bore having a tapering entrance so that the shank of the hook is easily guided into the bore. In addition the end of the elongate element defines channels to receive the legs of the spring member which forms the gate of the hook so that the spring member is held firmly in position on the end of the elongate element, the distortion of the legs of the spring member causing them to be gripped in the channels formed at the end of the elongate element. There is therefore virtually no risk of the hook becoming disengaged from the end of the elongate element during a mooring operation unless a firm pull is exerted on the elongate element in order to separate it from the hook. When attaching the end of the elongate element to the hook for the purposes of releasing a boat from its mooring the shank of the hook and the legs of the spring member are easily guided into the end of the elongate element so that the hook is once again firmly held on the end of the element with the gate held in the open position.
Preferably said securing means are in the form of an eye mounted upon and extending laterally from a shank of the hook.
Conveniently said one end of the elongate element is slit so as to receive said eye.
Advantageously said guide means comprise one or more guide clips mounted upon the elongate element, the or each guide clip defining an arcuate portion dimensioned to receive a line or rope.
In order that the present invention may be more readily understood and so that further features thereof may be appreciated the invention will now be described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a side view of a hook arrangement in accordance with the present invention;
FIGURE 2 is a side view of the arrangement of Figure 1 in an alternative operating position;
FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of part of the hook arrangement; and
FIGURE 4 shows the hook arrangement of Figures 1 and 2 when used for mooring a boat.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings a hook arrangement comprises a hook 1 having a substantially linear shank 2 which is formed at one end with a U-shaped arcuate portion 3, the arcuate portion 3 terminating with an outwardly projecting tip 4. The arcuate portion 3 forms the load carrying part of the hook 1, that is to say the part of the hook that receives and engages an item such as a ring 5, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. The hook may, of course, receive other items such as a rope or shackle. The shank 2, arcuate portion 3 and tip 4 together define an open mouth 6 extending into a throat 7 of the hook. The hook 1 may be formed from a steel such as a stainless steel.
A spring member 8 is mounted on the shank 2 of the hook 1 at a position opposite the tip 4, the spring member 8 constituting a gate which extends across the open mouth 6 and engages the tip 4 of the hook. The spring member or gate 8 is in the form of a "planar" spring comprising two arms interconnected at one end. The member is formed from spring wire. With the spring member in a relaxed state the two arms lie in a common plane. The free ends of the arms terminate with inwardly directed fingers. The gate is attached to the shank 2 of the hook 1 by inserting the fingers at the free end of each arm into bore holes provided in the shank of the hook. The bore holes in the shank of the hook are arranged on opposite sides of the shank 2 but with offset axes such that when the fingers are inserted into the bores, the gate 8 is distorted out of its planar relaxed state, so that the two arms of the gate no longer lie in a common plane. The spring member or gate will naturally tend to return to its relaxed state and this tendency biasses the end of the spring where the two arms are interconnected into engagement with the tip 4 of the hook, such that the spring member forms a gate across the open mouth 6, with the gate being biassed to a closed position, as illustrated in Figure 1 of the drawings. It will be appreciated that the gate 8 is, in effect, rotatably mounted upon the shank 2 and the gate may be moved to an open position, as illustrated in Figure 2 of the drawings, by pushing on the gate in a direction towards the throat 7 of the hook. When in the open position, the spring member 8 lies substantially parallel to the linear shank 2 of the hook.
A circular eye 9 is welded to the shank 2 of the hook 1 between the mounting point of the spring member or gate 8 and the free end of the shank. The eye 9 extends laterally of the shank and is directed inwardly towards the tip 4 of the hook so that the eye is positioned adjacent the spring member 8. A line or rope 10 is attached to the eye 9 and thus the eye 9 serves as means for securing the rope to the hook 1. When the hook arrangment is used for mooring a boat, the opposite end of the rope 10 would be secured to a fixed point on the boat.
The hook arrangement further comprises a circular section pole 11. Only the end region of the pole 11 has been illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings. The pole 11 is, however, of uniform circular cross-section throughout its length. The pole 11 is provided with one or more guide clips 12, each guide clip 12 being in the form of a length of strip metal which is secured at one end to the pole 11 by means of a screw 13, the other end of the strip being of substantially U-shaped form, this end of the clip being dimensioned so as to receive the rope 10 with a small clearance. The U-shaped arcuate portion of the clip 12 is offset to one side of the pole 11 in such a way as to enable the rope 10 to be inserted freely into the U-shaped portion. The free end of the pole 11 illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 is provided with an end piece 14 which is of tubular construction, i.e. the end piece defines a central bore 15 which is co-axial with the pole 11. The end piece 14 is also provided with an axial slit 16 that is to say it has a longitudinally extending opening 16 leading into the central bore, with opening 16 commencing at the free end 17 of the end piece 14. The central bore 15 is recessed in the end piece 14 and there is provided a tapering entrance between the free end 17 of the end piece, adjacent the outer edge thereof, and the central bore 15. The width of the slit 16 is less than the distance between the two arms of the gate 8. The central bore 15 is provided with two diametrically opposed channels 18. Each channel 18 is of rectangular form and extends radially outwardly from the central bore 15 and along the length of the bore 15. The channels 18 are dimensioned to receive the two arms of the spring member or gate 8. The central bore 15 is dimensioned to be large enough to receive the shank 2 of the hook together with the end region of the gate 8 which is mounted upon the shank 2. The longitudinally extending slit 16 or opening is dimensioned to be large enough to receive the eye 9, so as to enable the end of the pole 11 to be pushed onto the shank 2 of the hook with the eye 9 received in the slit or opening 16, as illustrated in Figure 2 of the drawings.
When the hook arrangement is used for mooring a boat the rope 10 will normally be spliced onto the eye 9 of the hook and the opposite end of the rope 10 will be secured to a cleat or other attachment on the boat.
As the mooring point is approached the hook 1 is mounted upon the end of the pole 11 by inserting the free end of the shank 2 into the central bore 15 in the free end of the end piece 14 so that each arm of the spring member or gate 8 is guided into a respective channel, thereby causing the gate 8 to be moved to the open position as shown in Figure 2. The eye 9 is received within the slit 16 in the end piece 14 whilst the free end of the shank 2 and part of the gate adjacent the point at which it is mounted on the shank are received within the central bore 15 and the channels 18. As mentioned above the gate 8 is automatically biassed towards the closed postion as shown in Figure 1 and this bias serves to retain the hook in engagement with the end piece since the gate will grip the inner surfaces of the channels 18.
The pole may now be passed over the guard rail of the boat as generally shown in Figure 4 and the hook 1 may be passed through a mooring ring 5 or other fixed mooring point, since the gate 8 is in the open position. Once the hook has been attached to the mooring point the pole may be pulled off the free end of the shank 2 and the gate 8 will automatically move to the closed position as illustrated in Figure 1 with the mooring ring or other mooring point retained within the throat 7 of the hook. The boat is now moored and the pole may be left on the deck of the boat.
When it is desired to release the boat from its mooring the rope 10 is pulled so that it is taut and so that the boat is within a pole's length of the mooring point. With the rope 10 held in the taut condition the pole 11 is attached to the rope by passing the guide clip 12 over the rope. The pole is then effectively clipped onto the rope. The pole may now be slidden down the rope towards the hook 1. As the pole approaches the hook the central bore 15 is aligned with the free end of the shank 2 due to the arrangement of the guide clip 12 on the rope 10. The slit or opening 16 in the end piece 14 is also aligned with the position of the eye 9 on the shank 2 and thus the and piece 14 may be pushed onto the end of the shank with the eye 9 being received in the slit 16. The arms of the gate 8 are guided into the channels 18, thereby causing the gate to be moved to the open position as shown in Figure 2. The hook 1 may now be removed from the mooring ring 5 and returned to the deck of the boat. The boat is now free from its mooring. It will be appreciated that in practise the mooring ring 5 would be secured to a mooring buoy or to a fixing mooring point on a quayside or the like.
It can be seen from the above description that when using a hook arrangement in accordance with the present invention the mooring procedure no longer involves the precarious and sometimes dangerous releasing operation presently required. Utilising a hook arrangement in accordance with the present invention helps to make the mooring procedure safer and quicker than conventional operations. This is advantageous when one is sailing single handed or short handed where there often is not time to tie and untie knots and in that untrained crew members can be used to moor the boat.
Whilst the hook arrangement has been described as having a primary application in mooring boats, the arrangement may have other applications where a safety hook is to be secured to and released from a fixing. The hook may, for example, have a wheel or roller mounted within the U-shaped arcuate portion 3 so that it may move freely along a cable or bar when being used to move heavy loads above head height or at remote positions which could not easily be reached by hand.
The hook arrangement may be provided in various sizes. The hook itself may be of circular cross-section or of octagonal cross-section or indeed of any other desired cross-section. The pole 11 may be provided with an integral hook at a point adjacent the end thereof so that the pole may be used in the manner of a conventional boat pole.

Claims

1. A hook arrangement, said arrangement comprising a hook (1) defining a mouth (6); a gate (8) mounted upon the hook and movable between a first position in which it extends across the mouth (6) so that the mouth is closed and a second, alternative position in which it is displaced from the mouth (6) so that the mouth is open; means (9) for securing a line (10) to the hook (1); an elongate element (11), said element being provided with guide means (12) to engage the line (10), one end of the elongate element (11) being configured such that when the guide means (12) engage the line (10) which is secured to said securing means (9), said one end of the elongate element (11) may be moved axially to engage the gate (8) and move the gate to the second or open position; characterised in that the gate (8) is a spring member which comprises two legs interconnected at one end, the legs lying in a common plane when the spring member is in a relaxed state, the spring member being mounted upon the hook (1) by way of the free end of each leg such that the spring member is always distorted and the legs do not lie in a common plane, and in that said one end of the elongate element (1) is tubular and is dimensioned to receive the free end of a shank (2) of the hook, the tubular end of the elongate element defining a central bore (15), the bore being provided with opposed channels (18) dimensioned to receive the legs of the spring member, the bore (15) being recessed from said one end, there being a tapering entrance between said one end and the central bore.

2. A hook arrangement according to Claim 1 wherein said securing means (9) are in the form of an eye mounted upon and extending laterally from a shank (2) of the hook (1).

3. A hook arrangement according to Claim 2 wherein said one end of the elongate element (1) is slit so as to receive said eye.

4. A hook arrangement according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein said guide means (12) comprise one or more guide clips mounted upon the elongate element, the or each guide clip defining an arcuate portion dimensioned to receive the line.