EP0353398A2 - Device for blocking a counter-recoil system - Google Patents

Abstract

In the case of tubular weapons which can be adjusted in height around the shield pin axis in armored turrets, empty cartridge case stubs have so far been ejected in two process steps, the sleeve stubs first being transported from the cargo space into a further ejection device arranged in the tower area and then being conveyed by the latter to the outer area of the tower. A direct transport of the sleeve stub from the cargo area into the outer area of the tower is not possible with the known designs, because with these barrel weapons the barrel advance takes place directly in the firing position. The invention provides a remedy here by arranging a flow stop device (1) attached to the pipe cradle (9) and to the base piece (11) and corresponding to a tower-fixed guide (29). This forward blocking device (1) contains means which interrupt the gun barrel advance in a fire position deviating from an index position of the gun barrel (5) until the gun barrel (5) has assumed the index position necessary for the loading process. Through the use of this flow locking device, the sleeve stub is ejected during the barrel advance in the index position of the weapon barrel, exclusively through the sleeve ejector arranged within the base piece (11) in one movement step directly from the cargo area into the outer area of the turret.

Description

The invention relates to a device for a tube weapon which can be adjusted in height about a shield pin axis to ensure automatic sleeve ejection.

It is known from EP 01 41 900 B1 to collect empty cartridge cases via a case clearer in the turret of a tank and then to eject them from the area of the tank turret.

It is also known from EP 01 49 014 A3 to throw empty cartridge cases out of the tower on the rear side by means of an automatically driven ejection device.

In both known designs, however, two process steps are required to remove the empty cartridge cases. The empty sleeves are first transported in the firing position after the shot is fired by a sleeve ejector attached to the base piece and movable by the opening movement of the locking wedge from the cargo space into the devices described above, by means of which the cartridge cases are removed from the tower area in the second process step. This second process step takes place immediately before the loading of the weapon barrel in an index position to be taken for it.

A direct removal of the empty cartridge cases from the cargo space and the tower area solely by the case ejector performing the first process step is not possible in the known designs, because with these barrel weapons the barrel advance takes place exclusively in the firing position.

The object of the invention is to assign a device to the weapon barrel which, in an assumed index position of the weapon barrel, permits direct automatic sleeve ejection into the outer region of the turret during the barrel advance.

This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

The means designed according to the invention as a flow blocking device advantageously make it possible to convey the sleeve ejection directly from the tower in one movement step during the pipe advance exclusively through the sleeve ejector arranged within the base piece. This avoids disadvantages with regard to the harmonization of a sleeve ejector external to the weapon with automatic loading devices by eliminating this external sleeve ejector. Furthermore, the immediate removal of the metal sleeves heated by the firing of the shot inside the tower prevents annoyances caused by smoke.

In a further advantageous manner, the flow stop device is attached to the side of the pipe cradle, so that there are no space restrictions for loading devices behind the weapon. The weapon system is therefore immediately available for the next loading process after the case has been ejected.

The design of the flow lock device as a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit enables the gun barrel advance to be interrupted simply and safely by closing an internal check valve until an external valve that can only be actuated in the index position of the gun barrel has opened a bypass line for continuing the barrel advance.

The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment in the following drawings.

• Figur 1: eine Rohrwaffe mit einer seitlich an der Rohrwiege angeordneten Vorlaufsperrvorrich­tung;
• Figur 2: die Vorlaufsperrvorrichtung in einem Längs­schnitt;
• Figur 3: das Waffenrohr entlang eines in der Figur 1 mit III-III angegebenen Schnittverlaufs in verschiedenen Höhenrichtpositionen mit An­ordnung einer turmfesten Führung;
• Figur 4: die Führung in einer in der Figur 3 mit IV gekennzeichneten Ansicht;
• Figur 5: einen in der Figur 1 mit V-V gekennzeich­neten Schnittverlauf;
• Figur 6: das Bodenstück mit Verschlußkeil und Hülsen­auswerfer in einer räumlichen Darstellung;
• Figur 7: eine in der Figur 6 mit VII-VII gekennzeich­neten Schnittverlauf;
• Figur 8: einen Querschnitt durch eine hintere Turm­hälfte mit Darstellung eines direkten Hül­senauswurfs.

It shows:

• FIG. 1: a barrel weapon with a forward blocking device arranged on the side of the barrel cradle;
• Figure 2: the anti-flow device in a longitudinal section;
• FIG. 3: the weapon barrel along a section line indicated by III-III in FIG. 1 in different height adjustment positions with arrangement of a guide fixed to the tower;
• Figure 4: the leadership in a view marked IV in Figure 3;
• FIG. 5: a section profile marked VV in FIG. 1;
• Figure 6: the bottom piece with locking wedge and sleeve ejector in a spatial representation;
• FIG. 7: a section profile marked VII-VII in FIG. 6;
• Figure 8: a cross section through a rear half of the tower showing a direct sleeve ejection.

FIG. 1 illustrates a tubular weapon 3 that can be adjusted in height about a shield pin axis 2 with a base piece 11 attached to the weapon barrel 5 and a rear side attached to it, as is also shown in particular in FIG. 5 on a tubular cradle 9 that can be pivoted about the shield pin axis 2 arranged, which corresponds to the execution of its function with the base piece 11, as part of the returning mass, and with a tower-fixed guide 29. On the other side of the gun barrel, a known gun barrel return brake 48 and a known barrel retractor 37 are fastened.

The device 1 shown in FIG. 2 contains means which interrupt the gun barrel advance in each firing position 6 deviating from an index position 4 of the gun barrel 5 shown in FIG. 3 in the angular range α and β until the gun barrel 5 has assumed the index position 4. These means are essentially formed by a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 7, by a check valve 13 integrated in this unit, by a heat compensation piston 15 and by an externally arranged unlockable valve 18.

The hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 7 is formed from a thin-walled cylinder tube 8 and is connected to the tube cradle 9 in a manner not shown. On one side, the cylinder 8 is closed by a bearing bush 34 for a piston rod 10, while the other side is closed by a guide 35 of the heat compensating piston 15.

The piston rod 10 is connected to the base piece 11 at one end outside the cylinder 8, while a hollow piston 12 is arranged at the other end , which consists of a cylinder tube 20 resting against the inner wall 19 and a conical receptacle 21 connected to the piston rod 10. The receiving piece 21 contains through bores 22 and the outer end of the cylinder tube 20 has a seat 23 for the check valve 13.

The check valve 13, which occupies a closed position on the seat 23 of the piston 12, is slidably arranged on a rod guide 24 connected to the piston rod 10, a compression spring 25 enveloping the latter and provided for closing the check valve 13 at a stop 26 in the free end of the rod guide 24 Rod guide 24 is present.
The points of the piston 12 to be sealed, the valve 13, the heat compensation piston 15 and the bearing bush 34 are equipped with suitable sealing elements 49.

The check valve 13 opens when the weapon barrel returns, the hydraulic medium flowing from the cylinder space 16 surrounding the piston rod 10 through the bores 22 into the cylinder space 14 in front of the check valve 13. When the gun barrel return, the check valve 13 is closed under the force of the spring 25, whereby the forward movement of the gun barrel 5 is interrupted.

The heat compensation piston 15, which closes the other side of the cylinder space 14, has a stop 28 on a stop 28 connected to it outside the cylinder 8 via a guide tube 27 for limiting the stroke. Characterized in that the stroke 29 of the heat compensating piston 15 is limited by the stop 28, the heat compensating piston 15 is able to follow the returning piston 12 and in particular the hydraulic medium released by the piston rod 10, only in the limited stroke length a under the force of a spring 30. It thus arises in the pipe return in the cylinder chamber 14 due to the extending piston rod 4, a shortage of hydraulic fluid that is not compensated for by the heat compensation piston 15.

During the barrel advance, the piston rod 10 is pushed back into the cylinder 8. The closed check valve 13 prevents the hydraulic medium from flowing back out of the cylinder chamber 14 into the cylinder chamber 16. After the missing volume has been completely filled up, the piston rod 10 hits the oil column, as a result of which the forward movement of the piston 12 and thus the weapon barrel 5 is terminated.

This interruption of the gun barrel advance, which takes place after a part of the total advance path that is specified for each weapon, remains until the gun barrel 5 is pivoted from the firing position 6 into the index position 4 about the shield pin axis 2. Only in the assumed index position 4, which can be, for example, a 0 ° pipe increase, does an unlockable valve 18 connected via an external line 17 to the two cylinder chambers 14, 16 ensure that the hydraulic medium, which preferably consists of oil, returns from the cylinder chamber 14 into the cylinder chamber 16 flow back and the further barrel advance by the force of the barrel recoil 37 (Fig. 5) can take place.

To unlock the valve 18, which is preferably designed as an unlockable non-return valve, a guide 29, shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, is provided in a tower-proof manner in a manner not shown in the tower, whereby the valve 18 is mechanically actuated via a trigger lever 30 sliding in the guide 29 can be. This guide is structured like a segment and arranged in a circle around the shield pin axis 2, the guide plane 31 in the region of the index position 4 of the weapon barrel 5 contains a protruding cam 32, which assumes, for example, a sinusoidal curve 33 for triggering the lever 30.

During this advance movement of the weapon barrel 5 in the index position 4, the locking wedge 38 shown in FIG. 6 is opened within the base piece 11 in a known and therefore not shown manner, cams 39 arranged on the locking wedge 38 when the locking wedge 38 is moved laterally into the downward direction Direction 50 meet a stop 40 of a known sleeve ejector 41 and initiate a pivoting movement about its axles 52 mounted in the base piece 11, whereby its arms 42 arranged on both sides detects a cartridge case 44 from the cargo space 45 (FIG ) convey. The rotational energy of the sleeve ejector 41 is dimensioned such that the cartridge case 44 leaves the region of the tower 47 om arrow direction 51 in a direct way through the base piece 11 and through a bore 46 in the tower wall.

Reference symbol list

• 1 device
• 2 trunnion axis
• 3 barrel weapon
• 4 Index position
• 5 gun barrel
• 6 firing position
• 7 piston-cylinder unit
• 8 cylinders
• 9 pipe cradle
• 10 piston rod
• 11 returning mass
• 12 pistons
• 13 check valve
• 14 cylinder space
• 15 heat compensation pistons
• 16 cylinder space
• 17 line
• 18 valve
• 19 inner wall
• 20 cylinder barrel
• 21 receiving piece
• 22 hole
• 23 seat
• 24 leadership
• 25 spring
• 26 stop
• 27 guide tube
• 28 stop
• 29 leadership
• 30 levers
• 31 level
• 32 cams
• 33 course
• 34 bearing bush
• 35 leadership
• 36 spring
• 37 pipe rewinders
• 38 locking wedge
• 39 cams
• 40 stop
• 41 ejectors
• 42 arm
• 43 approach
• 44 cartridge case
• 45 cargo space
• 46 hole
• 47 tower
• 48 reverse brake
• 49 sealing element
• 50 direction
• 51 direction
• 52 axis
• a stroke length
• α, β angle

Claims (7)

1. Device (1) for a barrel weapon (3) which can be adjusted in height about a shield pin axis (2) to ensure automatic sleeve ejection,
characterized by means (7, 13, 15, 18) which interrupt the gun barrel advance in a fire position (6) which deviates from an index position (4) of the gun barrel (5) until the gun barrel (5) has assumed the index position (4). 2. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the means consist of a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit (7), the cylinder (8) of which is connected to the pipe cradle (9) and the piston rod (10) of which is the returning mass (11), one at the end of the piston rod ( 10) arranged piston (12) corresponds to a check valve (13) in such a way that the check valve (13) opens and closes at the gun barrel advance, and that the partial cylinder chamber (14) located in front of the check valve (13) is assigned a heat compensation piston (15) with a limited stroke and the cylinder chambers (14, 16) separated by the piston (12) via an external one Line (17) are connected by a valve (18) which can be unlocked in the index position (4). 3. Device according to claim 1 and 2,
characterized in that the piston (12) is designed as a hollow piston and consists of a cylinder tube (20) bearing against the inner wall (19) and a tapered receiving piece (21) connected to the piston rod (10), the receiving piece ( 21) contains through bores (22) and the outer end of the cylinder tube (20) forms a seat (23) for the check valve (13). 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the check valve (13) is slidably arranged on a rod guide (24) connected to the piston rod (10) and at the free end of the rod guide (24) a compression spring (25) enveloping the latter and provided for closing the check valve (13) bears against a stop (26) of the rod guide (24). 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the heat compensating piston (15) has a stop (28) connected to an outside of the cylinder (8) via a guide tube (27) for limiting the stroke, the stroke length (α) being reduced by the lagging heat compensating piston (15) Volume of the cylinder space (14) is smaller than the hydraulic volume released by the piston rod (10) when the gun barrel returns. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that the valve (18) can be unlocked mechanically via a release lever (30) guided in a tower-fixed guide (29). 7. The device according to claim 6,
characterized in that the guide (29) has a segment-like construction and is arranged in a circle around the shield pin axis (2), the guide plane (31) in the region of the index position (4) of the weapon barrel (5) having a protruding cam (32) for releasing the lever (30).

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