EP0349403A2 - Rauchdetektor mit integrierter Schaltung für die Adresse - Google Patents

Rauchdetektor mit integrierter Schaltung für die Adresse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0349403A2
EP0349403A2 EP89401804A EP89401804A EP0349403A2 EP 0349403 A2 EP0349403 A2 EP 0349403A2 EP 89401804 A EP89401804 A EP 89401804A EP 89401804 A EP89401804 A EP 89401804A EP 0349403 A2 EP0349403 A2 EP 0349403A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
integrated circuit
circuit
smoke detector
detector
address
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP89401804A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0349403A3 (de
Inventor
Emile Hugon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0349403A2 publication Critical patent/EP0349403A2/de
Publication of EP0349403A3 publication Critical patent/EP0349403A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fire detection assembly comprising a smoke detector with radioactive source, velocimetric electronics supplemented by an integrated circuit making it possible to analyze the nature of the signals emitted by the detector which, at the same time indicates its address to a terminal constituted by a data processing center.
  • fire detectors which operate on different physical principles: optical detector analyzing the light intensity absorbed by the atmosphere, smoke detector with radioactive source using variations in the dielectric constant of the air in the absence or presence of smoke, thermal detector with temperature probe, etc.
  • detectors are generally associated with electronics which analyze the signals and transform them into an alert in the event of a disaster.
  • the alert being constituted by an audible or luminous signal emitted on the site.
  • velocimetric electronics are used. This makes it possible to analyze the speed of rise of the signals: alarm and to differentiate an alarm due to a disaster from that caused by an unexpected variation in the ionization of the chamber.
  • detectors In order to limit the use of excessively intense radioactive sources, detectors have been devised based on the principle of the operation of an air capacitor. This detector consists of the two armatures of a capacitor trapping a volume of air to be controlled and whose dielectric constant is stabilized by a radioactive source of very low intensity.
  • Each element of the detector is fixed by means of a bayonet facilitating the removal and rapid repair of defective elements.
  • a reliable, robust detector is thus obtained, the maintenance of which is easy.
  • the object of the present invention is to adapt a microprocessor on this detector, the function of which is to analyze the various signals transmitted, to geographically locate (address) the detector, in order to inform a signaling panel constituting a Terminal. This being more particularly responsible for managing a set of detectors distributed over the geographic site.
  • the smoke detector with integrated address circuit object of the invention is characterized in that it comprises a capacitive smoke detector with an ionization chamber, formed of interchangeable molded plastic modules, the cover of which carries the velocimetric electronic circuit. used for local signal processing, an integrated circuit analyzing the electrical signals to differentiate them, a transmission line connected to the Signaling Board which uses the information to determine the address of the detector.
  • the invention thus characterized has many advantages and in particular: - operational reliability, - a set of means for managing a group of detectors, - a location of the incident from a centralized signaling board, - a determination of the nature of the signals emitted by the detector indicating either a faulty operation or a disaster.
  • Ionization chamber smoke detectors are represented by their base (1). They are supplied with direct voltage of 21v from the central unit at levels B1 and V1 where the pad B1 represents the positive polarity.
  • Each detector is equipped with its electronic velocimetric circuit (16) associated with the integrated circuit (17) enabling continuous reporting to the TS signaling center.
  • the connections of the integrated circuits (17) for the supply of each detector are connected in parallel and in series by a transmission line T1 and T2.
  • the index T1 indicates the input of the transmission line and T2 the output.
  • Circuit F constitutes the faradization circuit protecting the connection cables from external parasites.
  • the signaling board is equipped with an 8-bit microprocessor intended to analyze all the information necessary for the operation, namely the fire alarm, the fault, the technical alarm, the proper functioning of the detector, the address of this last. Each detector is therefore able to communicate with the control unit via its transmission line.
  • Each message from a detector (1) is transmitted to the neighboring detector and to the signaling board. (Round trip)
  • the detector indicates to the signaling board and its neighbor, its address and the information (alarm, fault, technical fault).
  • the TS signaling board can receive information either at level T1 or at level T2. When the signaling panel transmits a message, it transmits this message on line T1 or T2 depending on the state of the circuit. In the event of a malfunction, the table appears on both lines at the same time.
  • the module detectors composed of a cylindrical base (1) made of thermosetting plastic, serving as a support for all the modules.
  • This base (1) receives a first modular element (2) constituting the upper base and which is fixed on (1) by means of lugs located at the level (4).
  • This modular element is enclosed in an external plastic cover (3) which is fixed to the cylindrical base by means of clips (15).
  • the other modular element (5) called the polarizing cover, is fixed by means of a bayonet device at the level (6).
  • the polarizing cover (5) receives a plastic cover (14) constituting the body of the detector itself.
  • This element (14) contains the printed circuit (16) fixed by means of screws (9), themselves connected to the electrical stud (8).
  • the electrical connection is ensured by rigid metal tongues (7) integral with both the screws (9) carrying the printed circuit and the screwed electrical stud (8).
  • the integrated circuit (17) and its microprocessor being fixed on the module (1) of the detector. They are connected to the printed circuit (16) by a connection not shown in this figure.
  • an indicator light (10) has been fixed indicating either the correct functioning of the detector or the alarm.
  • a test socket (11) is used to check the velocimetric electronic circuit.
  • the hood (14) largely openwork, contains a metal grid (12) playing the role of Faraday cage, and the ionization chamber. This chamber is formed by electrodes (19) and (18).
  • the electrode (18) consists of a low intensity radioactive source based on americium.
  • the electrodes (18) and (19) constitute the plates of the air capacitor whose dielectric constant is stabilized by the radioactive source.
  • the analysis chamber is formed by the electrodes (19) and the metal frame (12).
  • the capacitor plates (19) and (18) are connected to the positive and negative poles of the 20v DC power supply.
  • the electrode (19) is close to the radioactive source of americum (18), so as to create a space where the dielectric constant of the air is constant. This space constitutes a reference room.
  • the space between the electrode (18) and the armature (12) constitutes a volume subject to variations in the composition of the air receiving the smoke emanations.
  • the armature (12) is called the collecting electrode, it is sensitive to the ionization current of the air.
  • This electrode (12) is connected to the field effect transistor T1 associated with the transistor T2.
  • Capacities C1 and C2 filter the supply voltage of the smoke detector constituting an air condenser.
  • the resistors R3 and R4 constitute a voltage divider which controls the transistors T1 and T2.
  • the midpoint of this voltage divider is connected to a junction diode D2, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C5, itself connected to the negative pole of the circuit.
  • This capacitance C5 is charged under the effect of slow variations of the detector and discharged through the transistor T3, the adjustment of which is obtained by the impedance formed by the resistors R3, R4, and R5.
  • the transistor T3 controls the conduction of the transistor T6 through the circuit composed by the resistor R13 and the capacitor C7.
  • Resistors R8, R9, and R10 connected between the positive and negative poles of the DC voltage set a minimum conduction potential for diode D3, and maximum for diode D4. This potential corresponds to the maximum voltage of the detector circuit controlled by the conduction of transistors T4 and T5. (Control of the loss of impedance of the analysis chamber.)
  • the circuit which triggers the alarm on the signaling board is represented by the resistor R15 and the diode D10. Beyond this level the circuit comprising the diode D6 and the transistor T4 controls the conduction of the network. The conduction of T6 causes the LED D7 to light up through R14. When there is a loss of impedance in the analysis chamber, the LED indicator D7 is activated through D6 and T4 (signaling fault information).
  • Terminals A2, and A3 are used to transmit information (alarm or fault) to the transmission line of the integrated circuit.
  • FIG 4 and according to an important characteristic of the invention there is shown the circuit integrated system which processes information from detectors and transmits this to the central signaling board governing all the detectors dispersed on the site.
  • This integrated circuit delivers to the central office four pieces of information which are: - Fault - Fire alarm - Technical alarm - Good functioning
  • the network comprises an integrated circuit IC1 of four bits whose connection to the velocimetric circuit is obtained at levels A2 andA3.
  • the signal emitted by the velocimetric detector is analyzed by the network composed of resistors R17 R18 R19 R20 whose different potentials are taken up by els ports P7 P8 P9 of the integrated circuit IC1 which compares them to the reference potential of port P10.
  • the circuit IC1 stores these different potentials constituting different states of the velocimetric detector and integrates them into a hidden internal memory.
  • IC1 being an integrated circuit formed of germanium semiconductors comprising 4 memory bits.
  • This integrated circuit is supplied with a voltage of 5 volts DC at the level P100 thanks to the voltage regulator formed by the diode D21, the transistor Q21 and the chemical capacities C21 and C22.
  • This circuit is connected to the 21 volt power supply, the transistor Q21 conducting at 5 volts and the capacitor C21 constituting the reserve of electricity when the circuit is not supplied by a direct voltage between the points B1 and V1.
  • the integrated circuit IC1 is isolated from the voltage of 21 volts by means of the network playing the role of interface and is composed by the transistors Q22 Q26 Q27 connected to the ports of the integrated circuit P113 P111 P210.
  • the analysis of the short-circuits and their detection are obtained by means of the voltage divider composed by the resistors R18 and R19 whose central point is connected to the ports P101 and P11 of IC21 via the diode D4 and the resistor R17 . All the short circuits of the lines are detected after disconnection of the power supply at level B2 for example by means of the transistors Q6 and Q7 which open when the voltage decreases at the level of a voltage divider constituted by the resistors R18 and R19 . This decrease is analyzed at the ports P11 and P101 when a voltage appears on the resistance R17.
  • the integrated circuit IC1 at the port P102 controls the opening of the transistors Q6 and Q7 in order to cancel the effect of the short circuit.
  • the P91 port of IC1 controls the power supply to the detector.
  • the sensor is supplied by a voltage of 21 volts from the pads B1 and V1 connected to the sensor by means of the transistors Q12 and Q13 associated with the resistors R24 and R25.
  • the sensor supply short-circuits are controlled by the transistor Q12 associated with the resistor R25.
  • an acceleration circuit has been constructed formed by the transistors Q25 and Q23 associated with the capacitors C23 and C26 and with the resistors R23 and R24.
  • the transistors Q25 and Q23 are connected to the positive supply of 21 volts.
  • the transmission lines T1 and T2 are protected in the event of a short circuit by the resistors R26 and R27
  • the integrated circuit IC1 is frequency controlled by a clock Q Z of 400 KHz associated with the capacities C24 and C25 and with the resistance R28.
  • the integrated circuit is dememorized by means of the transistor Q24 connected to the resistor R30 connected to the port P 113 of the microprocessor IC1.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
EP19890401804 1988-06-30 1989-06-26 Rauchdetektor mit integrierter Schaltung für die Adresse Withdrawn EP0349403A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8808817 1988-06-30
FR8808817A FR2633761B1 (fr) 1988-06-30 1988-06-30 Detecteur de fumees avec circuit integre pour adresse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0349403A2 true EP0349403A2 (de) 1990-01-03
EP0349403A3 EP0349403A3 (de) 1991-04-24

Family

ID=9367914

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890401804 Withdrawn EP0349403A3 (de) 1988-06-30 1989-06-26 Rauchdetektor mit integrierter Schaltung für die Adresse

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0349403A3 (de)
JP (1) JPH0232500A (de)
FR (1) FR2633761B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0707207A2 (de) 1994-10-10 1996-04-17 Fritz Fuss GmbH & Co. Rauchmelder

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04248698A (ja) * 1991-02-05 1992-09-04 Ohbayashi Corp 煙感知設備

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765016A (en) * 1971-05-24 1973-10-09 Oak Electro Netics Corp Security system including means for polling the premises to be protected
US4290055A (en) * 1979-12-05 1981-09-15 Technical Development Ltd Scanning control system
FR2607938A1 (fr) * 1986-12-05 1988-06-10 Gamma Electronique Nouveau detecteur de fumees modulaire

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765016A (en) * 1971-05-24 1973-10-09 Oak Electro Netics Corp Security system including means for polling the premises to be protected
US4290055A (en) * 1979-12-05 1981-09-15 Technical Development Ltd Scanning control system
FR2607938A1 (fr) * 1986-12-05 1988-06-10 Gamma Electronique Nouveau detecteur de fumees modulaire

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0707207A2 (de) 1994-10-10 1996-04-17 Fritz Fuss GmbH & Co. Rauchmelder
EP0707207B1 (de) * 1994-10-10 2005-02-09 Novar GmbH Rauchmelder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0232500A (ja) 1990-02-02
FR2633761A1 (fr) 1990-01-05
FR2633761B1 (fr) 1995-03-17
EP0349403A3 (de) 1991-04-24

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