EP0349390B1 - Device for the collective underground transport of passengers using automatic actuation by independent traction carriages, especially using propulsion by a linear motor - Google Patents

Device for the collective underground transport of passengers using automatic actuation by independent traction carriages, especially using propulsion by a linear motor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0349390B1
EP0349390B1 EP89401766A EP89401766A EP0349390B1 EP 0349390 B1 EP0349390 B1 EP 0349390B1 EP 89401766 A EP89401766 A EP 89401766A EP 89401766 A EP89401766 A EP 89401766A EP 0349390 B1 EP0349390 B1 EP 0349390B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carriages
track
undercarriages
transportation device
elements
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EP89401766A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0349390A1 (en
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André Etienne Labarre
François Passemard
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B13/00—Other railway systems
    • B61B13/08—Sliding or levitation systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a collective passenger transport device, of metropolitan type with automatic drive by independent tractor carriages, which in particular adapts perfectly to propulsion by linear electric motor.
  • the invention aims to solve this problem in locomotion in metropolitan transport by using linear motor towing carriages attached in flexible connection to the passenger cabins and guided independently of the latter, so that the inevitable oscillations of the cabins due, for example, the movement of passengers and the track are not transmitted to the towing trucks and therefore do not affect the operation of the linear motor.
  • the subject of the invention is in fact a collective passenger transport device, of the metropolitan type with automatic drive of passenger cabins, the cabins being driven by independent trolleys operating on a track parallel to the cabin track, these carriages being coupled in a relatively loose or flexible connection to the cabins so that their trajectory is not affected by that of the cabins and vice versa, characterized in that the carriages are connected to the cabins each via a retractable connection device, in particular an articulated pantograph, carrying in particular the coupling element between cabins and trolleys.
  • tractor carriages are advantageously arranged under the cabins and guided on an underlying track adjoining the track of the passenger cabins and in the same median longitudinal plane.
  • This solution has the advantage of not increasing the general exterior sizing of the cabins while taking advantage of the general infrastructure from the main track of the passenger cabins.
  • the tractor carriages can also be guided suspended above the cabins on their track.
  • the inductive elements of the motor on the track of the carriages, in the central position of this track, and the armature elements on the carriages, these elements covering the top of the inductive rail.
  • the inducing elements are at regular intervals or not on the track of the carriages as a function of the power to be transmitted, but in any case, it is necessary to have at least one inducing element along the length of the armature of the carriage, or the length of the carriage if the armature extends over the entire length of the carriage.
  • the guiding of the carriages on their track is preferably carried out by wheels or rollers and counter-rollers with pneumatic tires rolling on the smooth, continuous, suitably shaped wall of the track.
  • the guide is, on the one hand, vertical for the vertical lift of the carriage and, on the other hand, transverse to keep the lateral air gap of the linear motor constant.
  • the passenger cabins will advantageously be carried and guided on their way by air cushions arranged regularly under their base and laterally on their lower periphery, the corresponding way, preferably metallic, being provided over its width of two flat parts, of the same width, normally horizontal and spaced from each other by a constant distance for the passage of the connecting elements of the carriage to the cabin, and laterally of two vertical strips or edges of the same height ensuring the transverse guiding of the side cabin air cushions.
  • This design avoids the use of conventional bogies and chassis supporting cabs which are heavy. At the same time, the guidance by vertical and horizontal air cushions makes it possible to distribute the loads and efforts well over the whole cabin and consequently to lighten their structure, and moreover avoids any noise and vibration induced by the classic rolling guidance of the cabs .
  • the air cushion supply compressors on the towing trucks so that the corresponding operating vibrations do not reach the cabins.
  • These vibrations may in particular be collected by the mass of the track of the carriages which will advantageously be made of concrete, shaped with a rectangular tubular profile enclosing the said carriages and comprising on its base and at a median level the inducing elements and at the level of this rail an upper longitudinal opening for the passage of said connecting elements of the carriages to the cabins.
  • This track can be formed from two flat U-shaped portions opposite one another and connected by a central spacer which will serve as a central gauge for making the tracks, the track cage of the carriages serving as a support beam for the track. cabins.
  • This track of the carriages can also serve as a control element for the movement of the cabins as required, the movement control being managed from a recorded call and destination processing unit and from corresponding sensors arranged on this channel.
  • the processing of the transport being done automatically, it will be carried out preferably by small units and in particular by individual cabin, which gives the possibility of switching the cabins at certain points on the different tracks of an urban mesh network.
  • the coupling of the trolleys to the passenger cabins is carried out in a conventional manner by a retractable articulated pantograph carrying a vertical lug for mechanical attachment to the cabin, a vertically nestable sleeve for the supply of compressed air to the cabin air cushions , an auto-connectable power supply plug for the functions to be maintained within the cabin, for example lighting, and finally a plug for telecommunications signals, video surveillance and possible transmissions.
  • the recess formed on the cabin base and receiving the hooking lug will be suitably shaped with sufficient play in width and depth to allow the cabin to move freely without its small vertical and transverse oscillations affect the proper trajectory of the carriage and therefore the air gap of the linear motor.
  • the essentially flat and inert nature of the cabin track revealing only a central longitudinal opening, without possible access to the carriage track, allows evacuation of passengers by this track in the event of a breakdown. It is sufficient to provide emergency doors to the end panels of cabin and protective barriers or guardrails raising the vertical guide strips on the cabin track.
  • the collective passenger transport device consists of the assembly of a passenger cabin 1 and two underlying articulated tractor carriages 3, coupled to this cabin, and corresponding adjacent tracks 5 and 7.
  • the cabin is guided by air cushions on the upper track 5, while the carriages are guided in rotation inside the lower track 7, these tracks being adjacent to one another. other in the same median longitudinal plane.
  • the cabin track is made of metal, consisting of two essentially horizontal flat strips 9 for guiding in lift by air cushions 11 from the cabin, and vertical lateral edges 13 for lateral guidance of the cabin, which is also carried out by cushions. air 15 regularly arranged on the lower lateral periphery of the cabin. It should be noted that lateral guidance by rolling could also be used.
  • defrosting elements 33 are arranged under the horizontal metal strips 9, of same as rainwater drainage elements 35 with slight slope, this in order to make the track indifferent to bad weather.
  • the track of the towing carriages 7 is of tubular shape with rectangular section composed of two U-shaped portions 17 and open on its upper face for the passage of the connecting elements 19 of the carriages to the cabin. It carries a central spacer element 21 which serves as an element for fixing the U-shaped portions and which comprises the inductor elements 23 of the linear motor driving the carriages, the latter each carrying the armature element 25 in their shape of U covering from above said inductor rail.
  • the tracks have been shown in an aerial version carried by posts 27, the lower track serving as a carrying beam for the cabin track.
  • the carriages 3 are guided in rotation in their track by means of vertical wheels and counter-wheels 29 and horizontal wheels 31 applying to the walls of the track. This guidance is very precise and makes it possible to respect the constant air gap necessary between inductor and armature.
  • This independent guidance of the carriages on their track is made possible thanks to the flexible mechanical connection between the carriages and the cabin.
  • This connection is obtained by means of a vertical articulated pantograph 37 by the cooperation of a vertical lug 39 in a corresponding recess 41 in the base of the cabin, the clearance between the lug and the corresponding recess being provided sufficiently large so that cabin oscillations are not transmitted to the carriages.
  • the articulated pantograph 37 mounted on the upper part of each of the carriages is retractable and allows the carriages to be detached from the cabins.
  • This vertical pantograph carries the other connecting elements, which are automatically connected to the cabin when the pantograph is raised, such as a nestable sleeve 43 for supplying compressed air to the cabin provided from the compressors 59 mounted on the carts as well a plug 45 vertically autoconnectable for the electrical supply of the cabin.
  • the track of the carriages carries an electrified line 47 for general supply of the system taken up on each of the carriages by a second horizontal articulated pantograph 49.
  • an accumulator (not shown) capable of ensuring a minimum electrical supply to the cabins in the event of a breakdown and a small auxiliary motor 51 making it possible to restart the carriages in the event of a fault in one of the inductors 23, the latter being located on the central spacer 21 and normally spaced from each other by a distance approximately equivalent to the length of a carriage.
  • the spacing of the inductors is determined according to the power to be transmitted and at the station where the acceleration-deceleration must be significant it is weaker. It will also be noted that this movement control is operated from position sensors arranged on the track of the carriages and making it possible to modulate the movement of the carriages on demand.
  • the track may include removable switching elements.
  • a removable line segment by central pivot 53 allowing the simultaneous rotation of the carriages and the cabin to angularly connect to another part of the line of a network.
  • the pivot can also be moved in translation, for example by jack, to position the cabin and the carriages ( Figure 7) on a parallel track or at the end of the track on a return line.
  • FIG 6 there is shown the case of the translation of the cabin alone, used for example, to put the cabin in the garage position. It suffices to provide for this on a portion of line, a flat slide 55 closing the middle opening of the track of the cabins and thus allowing its rolling by a trolley median rollers 57, and the corresponding drawdown of one of the tracks 61 of the tracks. This translation is made possible thanks to the low weight of the cabins.
  • locomotion is not limited to the linear motor and can use other sources of propulsion.
  • the device is also and very advantageously suitable for underground installation because of the general oval shape of the cabin and lower carriages assembly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Non-Mechanical Conveyors (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention concerns an apparatus for collective transportation of passengers, of metropolitan type with automatic drive by independent traction trucks using notably propulsion by linear motor, in this apparatus, the cabins (1) are driven by independent trucks (3) running on a track (7) parallel to the cabin track (5), these trucks being coupled in relatively loose or flexible connection to the cabins in order that their path will not be affected by that of the cabins and vice versa.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un dispositif de transport collectif de passagers, de type métropolitain à entraînement automatique par des chariots tracteurs indépendants, qui s'adapte en particulier parfaitement à la propulsion par moteur électrique linéaire.The present invention relates to a collective passenger transport device, of metropolitan type with automatic drive by independent tractor carriages, which in particular adapts perfectly to propulsion by linear electric motor.

On sait que l'un des problèmes majeurs de la propulsion par moteur électrique linéaire est de maintenir un entrefer aussi constant que possible entre inducteur et induit au cours du mouvement du moteur afin de lui conserver une performance et fiabilité optimales.It is known that one of the major problems of propulsion by linear electric motor is to maintain an air gap as constant as possible between inductor and armature during the movement of the motor in order to maintain optimum performance and reliability.

Par DE-A-2527547, il est connu d'entraîner un véhicule de transport de passagers par un système de traction à moteur linéaire, disposé sous la ou les cabines de passagers du véhicule (correspondant au préambule de la revendication 1). Dans ce système, le guidage est effectué de façon magnétique relativement à un rail. Le maintien de l'entrefer est obtenu par rattrapage au moyen d'une structure articulée actionnée magnétiquement aux deux extrémités du véhicule. Ces mêmes caractéristiques sont connues par FR-A-2.163.829, où le maintien de l'entrefer est obtenu grâce à l'emploi d'une liaison permettant les déplacements transversaux à la cabine fixée au dessus des chariots. Ces systèmes n'utilisent donc pas un entraînement totalement indépendant de la cabine et apte à maintenir constant l'entrefer.By DE-A-2527547, it is known to drive a passenger transport vehicle by a traction system with a linear motor, arranged under the passenger cabin (s) of the vehicle (corresponding to the preamble of claim 1). In this system, the guidance is carried out magnetically relative to a rail. Maintaining the air gap is obtained by catching up by means of an articulated structure magnetically actuated at both ends of the vehicle. These same characteristics are known from FR-A-2,163,829, where the maintenance of the air gap is obtained through the use of a link allowing transverse movements to the cabin fixed above the carriages. These systems therefore do not use a drive completely independent of the cabin and capable of keeping the air gap constant.

L'invention vise à résoudre ce problème dans la locomotion en transport métropolitain en utilisant des chariots tracteurs à moteur linéaire attachés en liaison souple aux cabines de passagers et guidés indépendamment de ces dernières, de sorte que les oscillations inévitables des cabines dues, par exemple, au mouvement des passagers et de la voie ne sont pas transmises aux chariots tracteurs et donc ne nuisent pas au fonctionnement du moteur linéaire.The invention aims to solve this problem in locomotion in metropolitan transport by using linear motor towing carriages attached in flexible connection to the passenger cabins and guided independently of the latter, so that the inevitable oscillations of the cabins due, for example, the movement of passengers and the track are not transmitted to the towing trucks and therefore do not affect the operation of the linear motor.

L'invention a en effet pour objet un dispositif de transport collectif de passagers, de type métropolitain à entraînement automatique de cabines de passagers, les cabines étant entraînées par des chariots indépendants évoluant sur une voie parallèle à la voie des cabines, ces chariots étant attelés en liaison relativement lâche ou souple aux cabines afin que leur trajectoire ne soit pas affectée par celle des cabines et inversement, caractérisé en ce que les chariots sont reliés aux cabines chacun par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de liaison escamotable, notamment un pantographe articulé, portant notamment l'élément d'attelage entre cabines et chariots.The subject of the invention is in fact a collective passenger transport device, of the metropolitan type with automatic drive of passenger cabins, the cabins being driven by independent trolleys operating on a track parallel to the cabin track, these carriages being coupled in a relatively loose or flexible connection to the cabins so that their trajectory is not affected by that of the cabins and vice versa, characterized in that the carriages are connected to the cabins each via a retractable connection device, in particular an articulated pantograph, carrying in particular the coupling element between cabins and trolleys.

Ces chariots tracteurs sont avantageusement disposés sous les cabines et guidés sur une voie sous-jacente attenant à la voie des cabines de passagers et dans le même plan longitudinal médian. Cette solution a l'avantage de ne pas accroître le dimensionnement extérieur général des cabines tout en profitant de l'infrastructure générale de la voie principale des cabines de passagers.These tractor carriages are advantageously arranged under the cabins and guided on an underlying track adjoining the track of the passenger cabins and in the same median longitudinal plane. This solution has the advantage of not increasing the general exterior sizing of the cabins while taking advantage of the general infrastructure from the main track of the passenger cabins.

Les chariots tracteurs peuvent également être guidés suspendus au dessus des cabines sur leur voie.The tractor carriages can also be guided suspended above the cabins on their track.

Comme mentionné précédemment, cette solution d'entraînement par chariots tracteurs sur voie indépendante s'adapte parfaitement à la propulsion par moteur linéaire et en particulier au moteur linéaire en U dont le rendement est très intéressant mais dont l'entrefer doit être parfaitement respecté.As mentioned previously, this drive solution by tractor carriages on independent track adapts perfectly to the propulsion by linear motor and in particular to the linear U-shaped motor whose performance is very interesting but whose air gap must be perfectly respected.

De même, on préfère disposer les éléments inducteurs du moteur sur la voie des chariots, en position centrale de cette voie, et les éléments d'induit sur les chariots, ces éléments coiffant sur le dessus le rail inducteur.Likewise, it is preferable to place the inductive elements of the motor on the track of the carriages, in the central position of this track, and the armature elements on the carriages, these elements covering the top of the inductive rail.

Naturellement, on peut disposer des éléments inducteurs à intervalles réguliers ou non sur la voie des chariots en fonction de la puissance à transmettre, mais de toute façon, il faut disposer au moins un élément inducteur sur la longueur de l'induit du chariot, ou la longueur du chariot si l'induit s'étend sur toute la longueur du chariot.Naturally, it is possible to have the inducing elements at regular intervals or not on the track of the carriages as a function of the power to be transmitted, but in any case, it is necessary to have at least one inducing element along the length of the armature of the carriage, or the length of the carriage if the armature extends over the entire length of the carriage.

Les chariots étant essentiellement linéaires, il est également nécessaire de limiter leur longueur en fonction de la configuration de voie et en particulier en fonction du plus petit rayon de virage de la voie. On pourra atteler ainsi plusieurs chariots tracteurs bout à bout et par exemple 2 à 3 par cabine sur sa longueur.As the carriages are essentially linear, it is also necessary to limit their length as a function of the track configuration and in particular as a function of the smallest turning radius of the track. It will thus be possible to couple several tractor carts end to end and for example 2 to 3 per cabin along its length.

Le guidage des chariots sur leur voie est effectué de préférence par des roues ou galets et contre-galets de roulement à bandage pneumatique roulant sur la paroi lisse, continue, convenablement conformée de la voie. Le guidage est, d'une part, vertical pour la sustentation verticale du chariot et, d'autre part, transversal pour maintenir constant l'entrefer latéral du moteur linéaire.The guiding of the carriages on their track is preferably carried out by wheels or rollers and counter-rollers with pneumatic tires rolling on the smooth, continuous, suitably shaped wall of the track. The guide is, on the one hand, vertical for the vertical lift of the carriage and, on the other hand, transverse to keep the lateral air gap of the linear motor constant.

Les cabines de passagers seront avantageusement portées et guidées sur leur voie par des coussins d'air disposés régulièrement sous leur base et latéralement sur leur pourtour inférieur, la voie correspondante, de préférence métallique, étant pourvue sur sa largeur de deux parties planes, de même largeur, normalement horizontales et écartées l'une de l'autre d'une distance constante pour le passage des éléments de liaison du chariot à la cabine, et latéralement de deux bandes ou rives verticales de même hauteur assurant le guidage transversal des coussins d'air latéraux de la cabine.The passenger cabins will advantageously be carried and guided on their way by air cushions arranged regularly under their base and laterally on their lower periphery, the corresponding way, preferably metallic, being provided over its width of two flat parts, of the same width, normally horizontal and spaced from each other by a constant distance for the passage of the connecting elements of the carriage to the cabin, and laterally of two vertical strips or edges of the same height ensuring the transverse guiding of the side cabin air cushions.

Cette conception évite l'utilisation des boggies et châssis classiques support des cabines qui sont de poids élevé. Parallèlement, le guidage par coussins d'air vertical et horizontal permet de bien répartir les charges et efforts sur toute la cabine et d'alléger par conséquent leur structure, et évite en outre tout bruit et vibration induit par le guidage en roulement classique des cabines.This design avoids the use of conventional bogies and chassis supporting cabs which are heavy. At the same time, the guidance by vertical and horizontal air cushions makes it possible to distribute the loads and efforts well over the whole cabin and consequently to lighten their structure, and moreover avoids any noise and vibration induced by the classic rolling guidance of the cabs .

Dans ce but de la recherche du confort optimal pour les passagers, on dispose également les compresseurs d'alimentation des coussins d'air sur les chariots tracteurs, afin que les vibrations correspondantes de fonctionnement ne parviennent pas aux cabines. Ces vibrations pourront notamment être encaissées par la masse de la voie des chariots qui sera avantageusement réalisée en béton, conformée avec un profil tubulaire rectangulaire enfermant les dits chariots et comportant sur sa base et à un niveau médian les éléments inducteurs et au droit de ce rail une ouverture longitudinale supérieure pour le passage des dits éléments de liaison des chariots aux cabines. On peut former cette voie à partir de deux portions en U couchées opposées l'une à l'autre et reliées par une entretoise centrale qui servira de gabarit central de réalisation des voies, la cage de voie des chariots servant de poutre support pour la voie des cabines.With this aim of seeking optimum comfort for passengers, there are also the air cushion supply compressors on the towing trucks, so that the corresponding operating vibrations do not reach the cabins. These vibrations may in particular be collected by the mass of the track of the carriages which will advantageously be made of concrete, shaped with a rectangular tubular profile enclosing the said carriages and comprising on its base and at a median level the inducing elements and at the level of this rail an upper longitudinal opening for the passage of said connecting elements of the carriages to the cabins. This track can be formed from two flat U-shaped portions opposite one another and connected by a central spacer which will serve as a central gauge for making the tracks, the track cage of the carriages serving as a support beam for the track. cabins.

Sur la voie des chariots, on pourra disposer dans l'espace libre une ligne electrifiée pour l'alimentation en énergie des chariots et donc des cabines, laquelle sera réalisée par contact de pantographe articulé solidaire des chariots. Cette voie des chariots pourra parallèlement servir d'élément de commande du mouvement des cabines en fonction des besoins, la commande du mouvement étant gérée à partir d'une unité de traitement des appels et destination enregistrés et de capteurs correspondants disposés sur cette voie.On the track of the carriages, one can have in the free space an electrified line for the energy supply of the carriages and therefore of the cabins, which will be produced by articulated pantograph contact secured to the carriages. This track of the carriages can also serve as a control element for the movement of the cabins as required, the movement control being managed from a recorded call and destination processing unit and from corresponding sensors arranged on this channel.

Le traitement du transport se faisant automatiquement, il sera effectué de préférence par petites unités et en particulier par cabine individuelle, ce qui donne la possibilité d'aiguiller les cabines en certains points sur les différentes voies d'un réseau maillé urbain. On pourra ainsi avoir une rotation complète d'un segment de ligne avec les deux voies portant les chariots et cabine correspondantes, de même qu'un déplacement en translation de ce segment, ou déplacer une cabine seule en translation ou ripage latéral, vu son faible poids, sur une voie de parcours parallèle ou sur une aire de stockage ou de maintenance.The processing of the transport being done automatically, it will be carried out preferably by small units and in particular by individual cabin, which gives the possibility of switching the cabins at certain points on the different tracks of an urban mesh network. We can thus have a complete rotation of a line segment with the two tracks carrying the corresponding carriages and cabin, as well as a displacement in translation of this segment, or move a cabin alone in translation or lateral shifting, given its low weight, on a parallel track or on a storage or maintenance area.

L'attelage des chariots aux cabines de passagers est effectué de façon classique par un pantographe articulé escamotable portant un ergot vertical d'accrochage mécanique à la cabine, un manchon emboîtable verticalement pour l'alimentation en air comprimé des coussins d'air de la cabine, une fiche d'alimentation électrique autoconnectable pour les fonctions à entretenir au sein de la cabine, par exemple l'éclairage, et enfin une fiche pour les signaux de télécommunication, surveillance vidéo et transmissions eventuelles.The coupling of the trolleys to the passenger cabins is carried out in a conventional manner by a retractable articulated pantograph carrying a vertical lug for mechanical attachment to the cabin, a vertically nestable sleeve for the supply of compressed air to the cabin air cushions , an auto-connectable power supply plug for the functions to be maintained within the cabin, for example lighting, and finally a plug for telecommunications signals, video surveillance and possible transmissions.

Naturellement, l'evidement formé sur l'embase de cabine et recevant l'ergot d'accrochage sera convenablement conformé avec suffisamment de jeu en largeur et profondeur pour permettre à la cabine de se mouvoir librement sans que ses petites oscillations verticales et transversales n'affectent la trajectoire propre du chariot et donc l'entrefer du moteur linéaire.Naturally, the recess formed on the cabin base and receiving the hooking lug will be suitably shaped with sufficient play in width and depth to allow the cabin to move freely without its small vertical and transverse oscillations affect the proper trajectory of the carriage and therefore the air gap of the linear motor.

Enfin, on notera que le caractère essentiellement plat et inerte de la voie des cabines découvrant seulement une ouverture longitudinale centrale, sans accès possible à la voie des chariots, permet en cas de panne une évacuation des passagers par cette voie. Il suffit de prévoir des portes de secours aux panneaux d'extrémité de cabine et des barrières ou rambardes de protection réhaussant les bandes de guidage verticales sur la voie des cabines.Finally, it should be noted that the essentially flat and inert nature of the cabin track revealing only a central longitudinal opening, without possible access to the carriage track, allows evacuation of passengers by this track in the event of a breakdown. It is sufficient to provide emergency doors to the end panels of cabin and protective barriers or guardrails raising the vertical guide strips on the cabin track.

L'invention est illustrée ci-après à l'aide d'exemples de réalisation et en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels:

  • ― La figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un dispositif de transport selon l'invention;
  • ― La figure 2 est une vue schématique du dispositif sur ses voies;
  • ― La figure 3 est une vue en élévation schématique des charriots sous une cabine montrant leur principaux éléments;
  • ― La figure 4 est une vue de dessus schématique de ces chariots;
  • ― Les figures 5 et 6 et 7 montrent respectivement les possibilités d'aiguillages des voies et de ripage de cabine.
The invention is illustrated below with the aid of exemplary embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a transport device according to the invention;
  • - Figure 2 is a schematic view of the device on its tracks;
  • - Figure 3 is a schematic elevational view of the carriages under a cabin showing their main elements;
  • - Figure 4 is a schematic top view of these carriages;
  • - Figures 5 and 6 and 7 respectively show the possibilities of channel switches and shifting of the cabin.

Comme représenté sur les figures 1 à 4, le dispositif de transport collectif de passagers selon l'invention est constitué par l'ensemble d'une cabine de passagers 1 et de deux chariots tracteurs 3 articulés sous-jacents, attelés à cette cabine, et des voies adjacentes correspondantes 5 et 7. La cabine est guidée par coussins d'air sur la voie supérieure 5, tandis que les chariots sont guidés en roulement à l'intérieur de la voie inférieure 7, ces voies étant attenantes l'une à l'autre dans le même plan longitudinal médian.As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the collective passenger transport device according to the invention consists of the assembly of a passenger cabin 1 and two underlying articulated tractor carriages 3, coupled to this cabin, and corresponding adjacent tracks 5 and 7. The cabin is guided by air cushions on the upper track 5, while the carriages are guided in rotation inside the lower track 7, these tracks being adjacent to one another. other in the same median longitudinal plane.

La voie des cabines est métallique constituée de deux bandes planes 9 essentiellement horizontales pour le guidage en sustentation par coussins d'air 11 de la cabine, et de rives latérales verticales 13 pour le guidage latéral de la cabine, lequel est effectué également par des coussins d'air 15 disposés régulièrement sur le pourtour inférieur latéral de la cabine. On notera qu'un guidage latéral par roulement pourrait aussi être utilisé. En outre, des éléments de dégivrage 33 sont disposés sous les bandes métalliques horizontales 9, de même que des éléments d'écoulement des eaux pluviales 35 avec légère pente, ceci afin de rendre la voie indifférente aux intempéries.The cabin track is made of metal, consisting of two essentially horizontal flat strips 9 for guiding in lift by air cushions 11 from the cabin, and vertical lateral edges 13 for lateral guidance of the cabin, which is also carried out by cushions. air 15 regularly arranged on the lower lateral periphery of the cabin. It should be noted that lateral guidance by rolling could also be used. In addition, defrosting elements 33 are arranged under the horizontal metal strips 9, of same as rainwater drainage elements 35 with slight slope, this in order to make the track indifferent to bad weather.

La voie des chariots tracteurs 7 est de forme tubulaire à section rectangulaire composée de deux portions en U 17 et ouverte sur sa face supérieure pour le passage des éléments de liaison 19 des chariots à la cabine. Elle porte un élément d'entretoise central 21 qui sert d'élément de fixation aux portions en U et qui comporte les éléments inducteurs 23 du moteur linéaire entraînant les chariots, ces derniers portant chacun sur leur longueur l'élément d'induit 25 en forme de U coiffant par le dessus ledit rail inducteur. Les voies ont été représentées en version aérienne portée par des poteaux 27, la voie inférieure servant de poutre porteuse pour la voie des cabines. Les chariots 3 sont guidés en roulement dans leur voie au moyen de roues et contre-roues verticales 29 et de roues horizontales 31 s'appliquant sur les parois de la voie. Ce guidage est très précis et permet de respecter l'entrefer constant nécessaire entre inducteur et induit.The track of the towing carriages 7 is of tubular shape with rectangular section composed of two U-shaped portions 17 and open on its upper face for the passage of the connecting elements 19 of the carriages to the cabin. It carries a central spacer element 21 which serves as an element for fixing the U-shaped portions and which comprises the inductor elements 23 of the linear motor driving the carriages, the latter each carrying the armature element 25 in their shape of U covering from above said inductor rail. The tracks have been shown in an aerial version carried by posts 27, the lower track serving as a carrying beam for the cabin track. The carriages 3 are guided in rotation in their track by means of vertical wheels and counter-wheels 29 and horizontal wheels 31 applying to the walls of the track. This guidance is very precise and makes it possible to respect the constant air gap necessary between inductor and armature.

Ce guidage indépendant des chariots sur leur voie est rendu possible grâce à la liaison mécanique souple entre les chariots et la cabine. Cette liaison est obtenue au moyen d'un pantographe articulé vertical 37 par la coopération d'un ergot vertical 39 dans un évidement correspondant 41 de l'embase de la cabine, le jeu entre l'ergot et l'évidement correspondant étant prévu suffisamment grand pour que les oscillations de cabine ne soient pas transmises aux chariots. Le pantographe articulé 37 monté à la partie supérieure de chacun des chariots est escamotable et permet aux chariots de se désolidariser des cabines. Ce pantographe vertical porte les autres éléments de liaison, qui se raccordent automatiquement à la cabine lors de la levée du pantographe, tels qu'un manchon emboîtable 43 pour l'alimentation en air comprimé de la cabine assurée à partir des compresseurs 59 montés sur les chariots ainsi qu'une fiche 45 autoconnectable verticalement pour l'alimentation électrique de la cabine. La voie des chariots porte une ligne électrifiée 47 d'alimentation générale du système reprise sur chacun des chariots par un second pantographe articulé horizontal 49.This independent guidance of the carriages on their track is made possible thanks to the flexible mechanical connection between the carriages and the cabin. This connection is obtained by means of a vertical articulated pantograph 37 by the cooperation of a vertical lug 39 in a corresponding recess 41 in the base of the cabin, the clearance between the lug and the corresponding recess being provided sufficiently large so that cabin oscillations are not transmitted to the carriages. The articulated pantograph 37 mounted on the upper part of each of the carriages is retractable and allows the carriages to be detached from the cabins. This vertical pantograph carries the other connecting elements, which are automatically connected to the cabin when the pantograph is raised, such as a nestable sleeve 43 for supplying compressed air to the cabin provided from the compressors 59 mounted on the carts as well a plug 45 vertically autoconnectable for the electrical supply of the cabin. The track of the carriages carries an electrified line 47 for general supply of the system taken up on each of the carriages by a second horizontal articulated pantograph 49.

On a également monté sur les chariots un accumulateur (non représenté) capable d'assurer une alimentation-électrique minimale aux cabines en cas de panne et un petit moteur auxiliaire 51 permettant de relancer les chariots en cas de défaut d'un des inducteurs 23, ces derniers se trouvant, sur l'entretoise centrale 21 et espacés normalement l'un de l'autre d'une distance équivalent approximativement à la longueur d'un chariot. Sur la longueur d'une cabine, on trouve donc deux inducteurs comme l'indique la figure 2. En fait, l'espacement des inducteurs est déterminé en fonction de la puissance à transmettre et en station où l'accélération-décelération doit être importante il est plus faible. On notera encore que cette commande du mouvement est opérée à partir de capteurs de position disposés sur la voie des chariots et permettant de moduler le mouvement des chariots à la demande.There has also been mounted on the carriages an accumulator (not shown) capable of ensuring a minimum electrical supply to the cabins in the event of a breakdown and a small auxiliary motor 51 making it possible to restart the carriages in the event of a fault in one of the inductors 23, the latter being located on the central spacer 21 and normally spaced from each other by a distance approximately equivalent to the length of a carriage. Over the length of a cabin, there are therefore two inductors as shown in Figure 2. In fact, the spacing of the inductors is determined according to the power to be transmitted and at the station where the acceleration-deceleration must be significant it is weaker. It will also be noted that this movement control is operated from position sensors arranged on the track of the carriages and making it possible to modulate the movement of the carriages on demand.

En outre, comme mentionné précédemment, la voie peut comporter des éléments amovibles d'aiguillage. Sur la figure 5, on a représenté un segment amovible de ligne par pivot central 53 permettant la rotation simultanée des chariots et de la cabine pour se relier angulairement à une autre partie de ligne d'un réseau. Eventuellement, le pivot peut être également déplacé en translation, par exemple par vérin, pour positionner la cabine et les chariots (figure 7) sur une voie parallèle ou en bout de voie sur une ligne de retour.In addition, as mentioned above, the track may include removable switching elements. In Figure 5, there is shown a removable line segment by central pivot 53 allowing the simultaneous rotation of the carriages and the cabin to angularly connect to another part of the line of a network. Optionally, the pivot can also be moved in translation, for example by jack, to position the cabin and the carriages (Figure 7) on a parallel track or at the end of the track on a return line.

Sur la figure 6, on a représenté le cas de la translation de cabine seule, utilisé par exemple, pour mettre le cabine en position de garage. Il suffit de prévoir pour cela sur une portion de ligne, une coulisse plane 55 fermant l'ouverture médiane de la voie des cabines et permettant ainsi son roulement par un chariot à galets médian 57, et le rabattement correspondant de l'une des rives 61 de voie. Cette translation est rendue possible grâce au faible poids des cabines.In Figure 6, there is shown the case of the translation of the cabin alone, used for example, to put the cabin in the garage position. It suffices to provide for this on a portion of line, a flat slide 55 closing the middle opening of the track of the cabins and thus allowing its rolling by a trolley median rollers 57, and the corresponding drawdown of one of the tracks 61 of the tracks. This translation is made possible thanks to the low weight of the cabins.

De nombreuses variantes rentrent des le cadre de l'invention. Ainsi, au lieu de prévoir des chariots sous les cabines on peut les suspendre au dessus, le long d'une voie supérieure parallèle à la voie de sustentation des cabines. Les chariots sont attelés dans ce cas à la partie haute de la cabine, mais sont guidés toujours indépendamment de cette dernière. L'attelage des chariots latéralement sur les cabines sur une voie adjacente peut encore être envisagé.Many variations fall within the scope of the invention. Thus, instead of providing carts under the cabins, they can be suspended above, along an upper track parallel to the lift path of the cabins. The carriages are coupled in this case to the upper part of the cabin, but are always guided independently of the latter. The coupling of the carriages laterally on the cabins on an adjacent track can also be envisaged.

Au lieu de prévoir un guidage latéral des cabines par coussins d'air en pourtour de cabine, on peut naturellement utiliser un guidage par roues s'appliquant sur les rives opposées de la voie. Le sustentation des cabines par roulement peut également être envisagée.Instead of providing lateral guidance of the cabins by air cushions around the cabin, it is naturally possible to use a guidance by wheels applying to the opposite banks of the track. The lifting of the cabins by rotation can also be envisaged.

En outre, la locomotion n'est pas limitée au moteur linéaire et peut utiliser d'autres sources de propulsion.In addition, locomotion is not limited to the linear motor and can use other sources of propulsion.

Bien que représenté en version aérienne, le dispositif convient également et très avantageusement à l'installation souterraine en raison de la forme générale ovale de l'ensemble cabine et chariots inférieurs.Although shown in aerial version, the device is also and very advantageously suitable for underground installation because of the general oval shape of the cabin and lower carriages assembly.

Enfin, rien ne s'oppose à la traction simultanée de plusieurs cabines attelées l'une à l'autre en rame.Finally, there is nothing to prevent the simultaneous pulling of several cabs harnessed to one another in a row.

Claims (18)

1. Device for the collective transportation of passengers, of the underground type with automatic driving of passenger carriages (1), the carriages (1) being driven by independent undercarriages (3) running on a track (7) parallel to the track (5) of the carriages, these undercarriages being attached by means of a relatively loose or flexible connection to the carriages in order that their trajectory should not be affected by that of the carriages and vice versa, characterised in that each of the undercarriages (3) is joined to the carriages (1) by means of a retractable joining device (37) carrying, in particular, the element (39) for attaching carriages to undercarriages.
2. Transportation device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the said traction undercarriages (3) are disposed beneath the carriages (1) and in their median plane, guided on an underlying track (7) which is contiguous with the track (5) of the carriages.
3. Transportation device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the said traction undercarriages (3) are disposed above the carriages (1).
4. Transportation device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the traction undercarriages (3) function as a linear motor on their track.
5. Transportation device according to Claim 4, characterised in that the said linear motor has an air gap in the form of a U, the said track carrying, in its centre, the inductor elements (23) and the undercarriages carrying the corresponding armature elements (25) around the said rail.
6. Transportation device according to Claim 5, characterised in that the inductor elements (23) are spaced by a distance which is at most equal to the length of the armature (25) of the undercarriage.
7. Transportation device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that several undercarriages (3) are attached over the length of one carriage (1).
8. Transportation device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the undercarriages (3) are guided vertically and laterally when rolling in their track by rollers or wheels and counter-rollers (29, 31) bearing on the wall of their track.
9. Transportation device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the track (7) of the undercarriages is shaped with a tubular profile of rectangular cross section enclosing the said undercarriages (3), comprising, on its base and at a median level, the said inductor elements (23) and, perpendicular to this rail, an upper, median, longitudinal opening for the passage of the said elements (19) for connecting the undercarriages to the carriages.
10. Transportation device according to Claim 9, characterised in that the track (7) of the undercarriages consists of two opposite U-shaped portions (17), in concrete, joined by a central spacer (21) which acts as an assembly jig.
11. Transportation device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the track (7) of the undercarriages comprises an electrified line of a general power supply (47) which is picked up laterally by an articulated pantograph (49) integral with the undercarriages for supplying power to the undercarriages and its accessories (air compressors (59) for the carriage cushions, for example), as well as to the passenger carriages, and sensor elements for controlling the movement of the undercarriages.
12. Transportation device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the carriages (1) are guided on their track (5) by air cushions (11, 15), vertically and laterally respectively.
13. Transportation device according to Claim 13 [sic], characterised in that the track (5) of the carriages is metallic, comprising two main bands (9) over its width and two vertical edges (13) on its sides, a deicing system (33) and water-evacuation elements (35) also being provided.
14. Transportation device according to Claim 13, characterised in that the track (5) of the carriages is carried by the track (7) of the undercarriages, fixed on the upper part of the latter.
15. Transportation device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises elements for switching at the end of a line or for angularly joining another line, such as elements mounted on a pivot (53) for rotating a segment of the line with the undercarriages and carriages, or an element for complete translation of a segment of the line with the undercarriages and carriages.
16. Transportation device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the track of the carriages comprises a central slide (55) which can be retracted over a segment of line and a lateral edge (61) which can be folded down horizontally, permitting the lateral translation of a carriage by rolling (via a small undercarriage with rollers (57) onto a storage or maintenance area [sic].
17. Transportation device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the track (7) of the carriages comprises lateral guard rails guaranteeing the evacuation of the passengers over the said track in the event of a breakdown in the system.
18. Transportation device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the retractable joining device (37) is an articulated pantograph.
EP89401766A 1988-06-27 1989-06-22 Device for the collective underground transport of passengers using automatic actuation by independent traction carriages, especially using propulsion by a linear motor Expired - Lifetime EP0349390B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89401766T ATE66875T1 (en) 1988-06-27 1989-06-22 METRO-TYPE DEVICE FOR COMMUNITY TRANSPORTATION OF PASSENGERS WITH AUTOMATIC DRIVE BY INDEPENDENT TRAIN CARS, ESP. USING DRIVE BY A LINEAR MOTOR.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8808618A FR2633234B1 (en) 1988-06-27 1988-06-27 DEVICE FOR THE COLLECTIVE TRANSPORT OF PASSENGERS, OF THE METROPOLITAN TYPE WITH AUTOMATIC DRIVE BY INDEPENDENT TRACTOR CARRIAGES USING LINEAR MOTOR PROPULSION IN PARTICULAR
FR8808618 1988-06-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0349390A1 EP0349390A1 (en) 1990-01-03
EP0349390B1 true EP0349390B1 (en) 1991-09-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89401766A Expired - Lifetime EP0349390B1 (en) 1988-06-27 1989-06-22 Device for the collective underground transport of passengers using automatic actuation by independent traction carriages, especially using propulsion by a linear motor

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4993327A (en)
EP (1) EP0349390B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02124358A (en)
AT (1) ATE66875T1 (en)
DE (1) DE68900240D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2024720B3 (en)
FR (1) FR2633234B1 (en)
GR (1) GR3002649T3 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5116002A (en) * 1990-07-05 1992-05-26 Utdc, Inc. Stopping zones in a linear motor in-track transit system
US5090516A (en) * 1991-03-15 1992-02-25 Otis Elevator Company Elevator linear motor bus bar
FR2706836A1 (en) * 1993-06-22 1994-12-30 Labarre Andre Etienne Vehicle for the collective transport of passengers of the underground type with automatic operation
ES2126511B1 (en) * 1997-03-03 1999-12-01 Pinto Velasco Alejandro GUIDED TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM OF LINEAR PROPULSION BY BILATERO MOTOR WITH SECONDARY OF GREAT MOMENT OF INERTIA ACCORDING TO LONGITUDINAL AND TRANSVERSAL AXES.
US6578673B2 (en) * 1999-09-27 2003-06-17 Otis Elevator Company Concrete elevator rail and guidance system
US8132513B2 (en) * 2009-09-11 2012-03-13 Disney Enterprises, Inc. Amusement park ride with a vehicle drive that decouples upon loss of power
LT2701960T (en) * 2011-02-21 2019-12-10 Novus Finitor B V Levitation system for a train
US9834095B2 (en) * 2015-12-16 2017-12-05 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Fluid spraying system and method for a mass transit vehicle

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FR2163829A5 (en) * 1971-12-02 1973-07-27 Merlin Gerin
US3937148A (en) * 1973-01-02 1976-02-10 Cambridge Thermionic Corporation Virtually zero power linear magnetic bearing
DE2527547A1 (en) * 1975-06-19 1976-12-30 Siemens Ag Drive for tracked induction vehicle - with elastic damping between drive and guidance magnets and chassis
US4061089A (en) * 1975-09-02 1977-12-06 Elbert Morgan Sawyer Personal rapid transit system
JPS5427117A (en) * 1977-08-02 1979-03-01 Toshiba Corp Magnetically suspended and driven vehicle in use of nornal electric conduction
US4793263A (en) * 1986-08-01 1988-12-27 The Boeing Company Integrated linear synchronous unipolar motor with controlled permanent magnet bias

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR3002649T3 (en) 1993-01-25
JPH02124358A (en) 1990-05-11
EP0349390A1 (en) 1990-01-03
ATE66875T1 (en) 1991-09-15
DE68900240D1 (en) 1991-10-10
FR2633234B1 (en) 1991-05-10
US4993327A (en) 1991-02-19
FR2633234A1 (en) 1989-12-29
ES2024720B3 (en) 1992-03-01

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