EP0346677A1 - Liquid-displacement machine - Google Patents
Liquid-displacement machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0346677A1 EP0346677A1 EP89109759A EP89109759A EP0346677A1 EP 0346677 A1 EP0346677 A1 EP 0346677A1 EP 89109759 A EP89109759 A EP 89109759A EP 89109759 A EP89109759 A EP 89109759A EP 0346677 A1 EP0346677 A1 EP 0346677A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ring element
- shaft
- impeller
- face
- turbomachine according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/426—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
- F04D29/12—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings
- F04D29/126—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings especially adapted for liquid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D7/00—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
- F04D7/02—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type
- F04D7/04—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type the fluids being viscous or non-homogenous
Definitions
- the invention relates to a turbomachine according to the preamble of the main claim.
- the invention has for its object to provide a measure for a turbomachine which is supplied with a conveying medium containing solids of the aforementioned magnitude, by means of which a space surrounding the shaft seal and the shaft seal itself can be protected against erosion wear. This object is achieved in accordance with the characterizing part of the main claim.
- Embodiments of the invention described in claims 4 to 8 have the effect that dangerous wear marks were not detectable either on the shaft seal or in the space surrounding the shaft seal.
- the split ring seal was damaged within a very short time without the ring element. If an annular element according to the invention was instead arranged in the space receiving the shaft seal, no signs of wear were detectable even on the split ring seal after a long test period.
- the configurations of claims 9 to 11 describe the different possibilities for producing the ring element.
- FIG. 1 shows a housing (1) of a turbomachine, which is designed here as a centrifugal pump, and an impeller (2) arranged inside the housing (1).
- the impeller is equipped with split ring seals (3, 4) on the suction and pressure side.
- the impeller (2) is attached to a shaft (5) on which a shaft protection sleeve (6) and a shaft seal (7) designed as a mechanical seal are also attached.
- the impeller (2) has axial thrust compensation bores (9) in the area of the impeller hub (8) in the impeller cover disc on the pressure side.
- the housing (1) Inside the space (10) surrounding the shaft seal (7), the housing (1), here a pressure-side housing cover (11), has an attached ring element (12). It extends in the area between the split ring (13) attached to the impeller and the impeller hub (8) and the shaft seal (7).
- the free end face of the ring element (11) has a surface (14) running radially to the shaft, on the smallest diameter of which a nozzle (15) pointing in the axial direction to the shaft seal (7) is attached.
- the ring element (12) formed here as a sheet metal part can also be designed as a solid part which would have a backward rotation on the side facing the shaft seal. Furthermore, it can be formed in one piece with the split ring (16) fixed to the housing.
- FIG. 2 largely corresponds to that of FIG. 1. A difference is that the ring element (12) is provided on its free end face only with a surface (14) extending in the radial direction to the shaft.
- Fig. 3 shows a frustoconical ring element (12) which extends diagonally to the shaft axis, its free end face (17) facing the shaft (5).
- a frustoconical design of the ring element (12) there is one on its free end face (17), as well as on the smallest diameters of the surface (14) or a nozzle (15) attached to it shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 Tear-off edge, with the help of which erosion wear can be prevented within the space (10).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Strömungsmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches.The invention relates to a turbomachine according to the preamble of the main claim.
Bei Strömungsmaschinen, die mit einem Feststoffe enthaltenden Fördermedium beaufschlagt sind, besteht die Gefahr eines Erosionsverschleisses innerhalb der Strömungsmaschine. Dem kann zwar durch eine entsprechende Auskleidung des Gehäuses entgegengewirkt werden, jedoch existiert eine besonders gefährdete Stelle im Bereich der Wellenabdichtung. Im Fördermedium enthaltene Feststoffe, welche eine Körnung von bis zu 1 mm aufweisen können, sind in der Lage, die Wellenabdichtung selbst oder die Wellenabdichtung haltende Gehäuseteile zu zerstören. Eine vorzeitiger Ausfall der Strömungsmaschine wäre dadurch gegeben.In turbomachines which are supplied with a conveying medium containing solids, there is a risk of erosion wear within the turbomachine. This can be counteracted by appropriate lining of the housing, but there is a particularly vulnerable area in the area of the shaft seal. Solids contained in the pumped medium, which can have a grain size of up to 1 mm, are capable of destroying the shaft seal itself or housing parts holding the shaft seal. This would result in premature failure of the turbomachine.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für eine Strömungsmaschine, die mit einem Feststoffe der vorgenannten Größenordnung enthaltenden Fördermedium beaufschlagt ist, eine Maßnahme vorzusehen, mit deren Hilfe ein die Wellenabdichtung umgebender Raum und die Wellenabdichtung selbst vor Erosionsverschleiß geschützt werden kann. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt gemäß dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Hauptanspruches.The invention has for its object to provide a measure for a turbomachine which is supplied with a conveying medium containing solids of the aforementioned magnitude, by means of which a space surrounding the shaft seal and the shaft seal itself can be protected against erosion wear. This object is achieved in accordance with the characterizing part of the main claim.
In praktischen Versuchen hat sich in überraschender Weise gezeigt, daß mit einem gemäß dem Hauptanspruch gestalteten Ringelement ein Erosionsverschleiß durch im Fördermedium enthaltene Feststoffe, wobei bis zu 100 mg Feststoffanteil pro dm³ gegeben war, ein Erosionsverschleiß abgestellt werden konnte. Die Unteransprüche 2 und 3 geben vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung und die Lage der freien Stirnseite des Ringelementes an.In practical tests, it has surprisingly been found that with a ring element designed according to the main claim, erosion wear due to the medium being conveyed contained solids, whereby up to 100 mg solids per dm³ was given, erosion wear could be stopped. The
In den Ansprüchen 4 bis 8 beschriebene Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung bewirken, daß gefährdende Verschleißspuren weder an der Wellenabdichtung noch in dem die Wellenabdichtung umgebenden Raum feststellbar waren. Bei Versuchen mit einem Laufrad, welches auf der der Wellenabdichtung zugekehrten Seite mit einer Spaltringdichtung versehen war, wurde ohne das Ringelement die Spaltringdichtung innerhalb kürzester Zeit beschädigt. Wurde stattdessen in dem die Wellenabdichtung aufnehmenden Raum ein erfindungsgemäßes Ringelement angeordnet, dann waren nach langer Versuchszeit selbst an der Spaltringdichtung keine Verschleißspuren feststellbar. Die Ausgestaltungen der Ansprüche 9 bis 11 beschreiben die unterschiedlichen Möglichkeiten zur Herstellung des Ringelementes.Embodiments of the invention described in claims 4 to 8 have the effect that dangerous wear marks were not detectable either on the shaft seal or in the space surrounding the shaft seal. In tests with an impeller, which was provided with a split ring seal on the side facing the shaft seal, the split ring seal was damaged within a very short time without the ring element. If an annular element according to the invention was instead arranged in the space receiving the shaft seal, no signs of wear were detectable even on the split ring seal after a long test period. The configurations of
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben. Die
- Fig. 1 bis 3 zeigen hierbei unterschiedlich geformte Ringelemente.
- 1 to 3 show differently shaped ring elements.
Die Fig. 1 zeigt ein Gehäuse (1) einer Strömungsmaschine, welche hier als Kreiselpumpe ausgebildet ist sowie ein innerhalb des Gehäuses (1) angeordnetes Laufrad (2). Bei dem hier gewählten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Laufrad mit saug- und druckseitigen Spaltringdichtungen (3, 4) ausgerüstet. Das Laufrad (2) ist auf einer Welle (5) befestigt, auf der weiterhin eine Wellenschutzhülse (6) und eine als Gleitringdichtung ausgebildete Wellenabdichtung (7) befestigt ist. Desweiteren weist das Laufrad (2) im Bereich der Laufradnabe (8) in der druckseitigen Laufraddeckscheibe angebracht Axialschubausgleichsbohrungen (9) auf.1 shows a housing (1) of a turbomachine, which is designed here as a centrifugal pump, and an impeller (2) arranged inside the housing (1). In the exemplary embodiment selected here, the impeller is equipped with split ring seals (3, 4) on the suction and pressure side. The impeller (2) is attached to a shaft (5) on which a shaft protection sleeve (6) and a shaft seal (7) designed as a mechanical seal are also attached. Furthermore, the impeller (2) has axial thrust compensation bores (9) in the area of the impeller hub (8) in the impeller cover disc on the pressure side.
Innerhalb des die Wellenabdichtung (7) umgebenden Raumes (10) ist das Gehäuse (1), hier einem druckseitigen Gehäusedeckel (11), befestigte Ringelement (12) angeordnet. Es erstreckt sich im Bereich zwischen dem am Laufrad angebrachten Spaltring (13) sowie der Laufradnabe (8) und der Wellenabdichtung (7). Die freie Stirnseite des Ringelementes (11) weist eine radial zur Welle verlaufende Fläche (14) auf, an deren kleinsten Durchmesser ein in axialer Richtung zur Wellenabdichtung (7) weisender Stutzen (15) angebracht ist. Das hier als Blechformteil ausgebildete Ringelement (12) kann auch als massives Formteil ausgebildet sein, welches auf der zur Wellenabdichtung weisenden Seite eine Hinterdrehung aufweisen würde. Desweiteren kann es mit dem gehäusefesten Spaltring (16) einteilig ausgebildet sein.Inside the space (10) surrounding the shaft seal (7), the housing (1), here a pressure-side housing cover (11), has an attached ring element (12). It extends in the area between the split ring (13) attached to the impeller and the impeller hub (8) and the shaft seal (7). The free end face of the ring element (11) has a surface (14) running radially to the shaft, on the smallest diameter of which a nozzle (15) pointing in the axial direction to the shaft seal (7) is attached. The ring element (12) formed here as a sheet metal part can also be designed as a solid part which would have a backward rotation on the side facing the shaft seal. Furthermore, it can be formed in one piece with the split ring (16) fixed to the housing.
Das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 2 entspricht weitgehend dem der Fig. 1. Ein Unterschied besteht darin, daß das Ringelement (12) an seiner freien Stirnseite nur mit einer in radialer Richtung zur Welle verlaufenden Fläche (14) versehen ist.The embodiment of FIG. 2 largely corresponds to that of FIG. 1. A difference is that the ring element (12) is provided on its free end face only with a surface (14) extending in the radial direction to the shaft.
Die Fig. 3 zeigt ein im Querschnitt kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildetes Ringelement (12), welches diagonal zur Wellenachse verläuft, wobei seine freie Stirnseite (17) der Welle (5) zugekehrt ist. Infolge der kegelstumpfförmigen Ausbildung des Ringelementes (12) existiert an seiner freien Stirnseite (17), ebenso wie an den daran angebrachten, in den Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigten kleinsten Durchmessern der Fläche (14) bzw. eines daran angebrachten Stutzens (15) eine Abreißkante, mit deren Hilfe innerhalb des Raumes (10) ein Erosionsverschleiß verhindert werden kann.Fig. 3 shows a frustoconical ring element (12) which extends diagonally to the shaft axis, its free end face (17) facing the shaft (5). As a result of the frustoconical design of the ring element (12), there is one on its free end face (17), as well as on the smallest diameters of the surface (14) or a nozzle (15) attached to it shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 Tear-off edge, with the help of which erosion wear can be prevented within the space (10).
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89109759T ATE75818T1 (en) | 1988-06-13 | 1989-05-30 | FLOW MACHINE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3820062A DE3820062A1 (en) | 1988-06-13 | 1988-06-13 | FLOWING MACHINE |
DE3820062 | 1988-06-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0346677A1 true EP0346677A1 (en) | 1989-12-20 |
EP0346677B1 EP0346677B1 (en) | 1992-05-06 |
Family
ID=6356432
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89109759A Expired - Lifetime EP0346677B1 (en) | 1988-06-13 | 1989-05-30 | Liquid-displacement machine |
EP89906085A Pending EP0442883A1 (en) | 1988-06-13 | 1989-05-30 | Turbine |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89906085A Pending EP0442883A1 (en) | 1988-06-13 | 1989-05-30 | Turbine |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5171126A (en) |
EP (2) | EP0346677B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0646037B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE75818T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1330908C (en) |
DE (2) | DE3820062A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK171831B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2032073T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3005061T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1989012755A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2904038A1 (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2008-01-25 | Snecma Sa | Centrifugal compressor impeller downstream face cooling system for aircraft turbomachine e.g. turbojet and jet prop engines, has cylindrical passage and sheet guiding drawn ventilating air till neighborhood of downstream face of impeller |
EP2520804A4 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2018-03-14 | Ebara Corporation | Pump impeller and submersible pump having such pump impeller |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04123387U (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1992-11-09 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | slurry pump |
AU662811B2 (en) * | 1992-04-08 | 1995-09-14 | Alexander Phillip Caldwell | Improvements to pump assemblies |
WO1995008714A1 (en) * | 1993-09-25 | 1995-03-30 | Ksb Aktiengesellschaft | Turbo-machine with reduced attrition |
DE4431947A1 (en) * | 1993-09-25 | 1995-03-30 | Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag | Fluid flow engine for particle containing medium - has wall surfaces formed to direct medium flow in regions of higher rotary fluid flow |
GB2290113B (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1998-07-15 | Ingersoll Dresser Pump Co | Centrifugal pump |
DE19503318C2 (en) * | 1995-02-02 | 1997-11-20 | Kronos Titan Gmbh | Rinsing the seal on a pump for pumping highly saline media |
GB2307276A (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1997-05-21 | Shell Int Research | Multi-phase fluid compressor |
DE50012259D1 (en) * | 2000-01-11 | 2006-04-27 | Sulzer Pumpen Ag Winterthur | Turbomachine for a fluid with a radial sealing gap between stator and a rotor |
PE20141846A1 (en) | 2008-05-27 | 2014-12-11 | Weir Minerals Australia Ltd | IMPROVEMENTS RELATED TO CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS |
CN208169144U (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-11-30 | 上海荣威塑胶工业有限公司 | Pump with waterproof construction |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE510831A (en) * | ||||
GB611186A (en) * | 1946-04-24 | 1948-10-26 | Harland Engineering Co Ltd | Centrifugal pumps |
DE815605C (en) * | 1950-03-17 | 1951-10-04 | Giesserei G M B H | Centrifugal pump with pressure-relieved stuffing box |
US2649050A (en) * | 1950-02-02 | 1953-08-18 | Dunlop Tire & Rubber Corp | Centrifugal pump |
US2722439A (en) * | 1952-08-28 | 1955-11-01 | Brummer Seal Company | Unitary seal device |
US3213798A (en) * | 1964-03-16 | 1965-10-26 | Ingersoll Rand Co | Sealing and cooling device for a pump shaft |
DE2710913A1 (en) * | 1977-03-12 | 1978-09-14 | Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag | Liq. circulation for axial balance of centrifugal pump - leaves static pocket round shaft seal to prevent erosion |
WO1987003050A1 (en) * | 1985-11-13 | 1987-05-21 | Sealing Devices Pty. Ltd. | Seal assembly |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE510831C (en) * | 1927-08-09 | 1930-10-30 | Hyppolyte Fabre | Pull-up formwork |
US2270054A (en) * | 1939-10-13 | 1942-01-13 | Georgia Iron Works | Water seal for pumps |
US2407218A (en) * | 1945-02-09 | 1946-09-10 | Schwitzer Cummins Company | Fluid sealing device |
US2798438A (en) * | 1953-05-11 | 1957-07-09 | Mack Trucks | Means for securing a pump impeller to a shaft |
US3474733A (en) * | 1967-10-04 | 1969-10-28 | Us Army | Water pump and method of assembly |
US3677659A (en) * | 1970-07-31 | 1972-07-18 | Worthington Corp | Multi-stage pump and components therefor |
DE2344576A1 (en) * | 1973-09-04 | 1975-03-13 | Neratoom | Centrifugal pump for abrasive suspensions - has sealing gaps formed by cooperating faces of impeller and housing, thus giving minimized wear |
US3881840A (en) * | 1973-09-05 | 1975-05-06 | Neratoom | Centrifugal pump for processing liquids containing abrasive constituents, more particularly, a sand pump or a waste-water pumper |
JPS5269003A (en) * | 1975-12-05 | 1977-06-08 | Kubota Ltd | Mechanical seal protector of pump |
IT1206866B (en) * | 1987-01-28 | 1989-05-11 | Riv Officine Di Villar Perosa | WATERPROOF BEARING FOR EXCEPTIONALLY SERIOUS WORKING CONDITIONS |
-
1988
- 1988-06-13 DE DE3820062A patent/DE3820062A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1989
- 1989-05-30 ES ES198989109759T patent/ES2032073T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-30 US US07/634,165 patent/US5171126A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-05-30 AT AT89109759T patent/ATE75818T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-05-30 EP EP89109759A patent/EP0346677B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-30 JP JP1505517A patent/JPH0646037B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-30 WO PCT/EP1989/000604 patent/WO1989012755A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-05-30 EP EP89906085A patent/EP0442883A1/en active Pending
- 1989-05-30 DE DE8989109759T patent/DE58901311D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-06-13 CA CA000602640A patent/CA1330908C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-12-12 DK DK294990A patent/DK171831B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1992
- 1992-06-30 GR GR920401393T patent/GR3005061T3/el unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE510831A (en) * | ||||
GB611186A (en) * | 1946-04-24 | 1948-10-26 | Harland Engineering Co Ltd | Centrifugal pumps |
US2649050A (en) * | 1950-02-02 | 1953-08-18 | Dunlop Tire & Rubber Corp | Centrifugal pump |
DE815605C (en) * | 1950-03-17 | 1951-10-04 | Giesserei G M B H | Centrifugal pump with pressure-relieved stuffing box |
US2722439A (en) * | 1952-08-28 | 1955-11-01 | Brummer Seal Company | Unitary seal device |
US3213798A (en) * | 1964-03-16 | 1965-10-26 | Ingersoll Rand Co | Sealing and cooling device for a pump shaft |
DE2710913A1 (en) * | 1977-03-12 | 1978-09-14 | Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag | Liq. circulation for axial balance of centrifugal pump - leaves static pocket round shaft seal to prevent erosion |
WO1987003050A1 (en) * | 1985-11-13 | 1987-05-21 | Sealing Devices Pty. Ltd. | Seal assembly |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN (M-77)(4369) & JP-A-52 069003 (KUBOTA TEKKO) 6 August 1977, * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2904038A1 (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2008-01-25 | Snecma Sa | Centrifugal compressor impeller downstream face cooling system for aircraft turbomachine e.g. turbojet and jet prop engines, has cylindrical passage and sheet guiding drawn ventilating air till neighborhood of downstream face of impeller |
US7841187B2 (en) | 2006-07-19 | 2010-11-30 | Snecma | Turbomachine comprising a system for cooling the downstream face of an impeller of a centrifugal compressor |
EP2520804A4 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2018-03-14 | Ebara Corporation | Pump impeller and submersible pump having such pump impeller |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE75818T1 (en) | 1992-05-15 |
DE3820062A1 (en) | 1989-12-21 |
JPH0646037B2 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
US5171126A (en) | 1992-12-15 |
EP0346677B1 (en) | 1992-05-06 |
GR3005061T3 (en) | 1993-05-24 |
ES2032073T3 (en) | 1993-01-01 |
EP0442883A1 (en) | 1991-08-28 |
CA1330908C (en) | 1994-07-26 |
DK294990A (en) | 1990-12-12 |
DK171831B1 (en) | 1997-06-23 |
JPH03501761A (en) | 1991-04-18 |
DE58901311D1 (en) | 1992-06-11 |
DK294990D0 (en) | 1990-12-12 |
WO1989012755A1 (en) | 1989-12-28 |
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Legal Events
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): ES GR |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19900525 |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19910114 |
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