EP0342417A1 - Process and device for removing settlings on the insides of rotary drums in lying position - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the invention, in the drum, the axis of which runs horizontally or at a slight incline, a sliding member is arranged, which is axially movable independently or by means of additional drive means and which, during the rotary movement of the drum, bears with its external surface against the settlings or against the internal surface of the drum. The sliding member has an approximately elliptical cross-section of the three-centre curve type, and, resting with its larger curved external surface in the drum, is, upon its rotation, taken into a position raised from the bottom position. After the static friction limit value has been exceeded, the sliding member slides back into the bottom position, positioning itself axially, the settlings being removed completely or in layers, against the rotary movement of the drum, by means of working elements which scrape and rub. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a method for removing deposits lying on the inner surfaces of rotating tubular cylinders and a device for carrying out the method.

In the DD-PS 238 102 and the DD application WP F 27 D / 315 174-7 devices are shown with which the approach and the masonry of rotary kilns are broken out. Both devices are characterized in that when the tubular cylinder of the rotary kiln rotates about its own central axis, the extension and the masonry break out together or each separately by means of impact, wedge and breaking action. These known technical and technological solutions are primarily suitable for one

Application form in which solid and tensioned cladding and deposits of appropriate thickness are broken out in rotary kilns by deliberately destroying their vaulted structure. The method and the associated devices do not ensure economical operation when used in the case of thin, soft or tough layers of deposits of the batch or even with very loose discharge materials because of their striking, coarse, wedge-like working method. The result aimed at with the impact shows an intensive point-like loading of the pipe jacket or the elements on the devices, since the material to be processed is soft or tough and the device with impact acts against latent resistance. Another disadvantage is that the design and equipment required to build the device with a striking effect is very large.

US-PS 32 45 154 discloses an apparatus for distributing solid, flowable, sticky or muddy materials in a drum dryer during the drying process to avoid caking, the effect of which is achieved by rolling rubbing on the inner wall of the drum.

The device consists of three parts. First of all from two different sectors, whose outer diameter is equal to the inner diameter of the drum. They are fixed in the drum and have no sliding lines of contact with the drum. The third sector of the device - like the second sector - consists of lifting rods, the outer edges of which are directed radially towards the inside of the drum. This third sector has a smaller outside diameter as the inner diameter of the drum and moves radially rolling, axially guided in the drum. When the drum is rotated, it is moved on a slope and, rolling back, creates contact lines on the inside of the drum with the outer edges of its lifting rods.

The material sliding into the drum via a hopper runs through the device starting with the third sector. Only the outer edges of the lifting bars in this sector, absorbing the material, rub against the inside of the drum. The lifting bars, with their tongues and with feed bars also provided, only have a function in the second and in the first sector to transport the material.

The task and solution of the US-PS are as follows: Even distribution and mobility of an amorphous material during a drying cycle through a drum. With the disclosed device, which has been described above, the material is picked up from the drum wall and held loosely by means of device parts and directed to the exit of the drum.

The US-PS 33 33 837 discloses a drum rotating about a generally horizontal axis, in which a cage is arranged, which is rotatable parallel to the axis of rotation. The roll diameter of the cage is smaller than the inside diameter of the drum, and its longitudinal extent is congruent with the drum length. The cage consists of an open frame that carries radially directed working elements evenly distributed over its circumference, which on the Form sliding contact lines on the inside of the drum. In a further embodiment of the device, the working elements are formed.

Chains are suspended in the cage, connected to the working elements. The rotation of the drum moves the device on a slope, from which it then returns rolling or in which it can also persist rolling. During the rolling process, the outer edges of the working elements rub against the drum and pick up any material that has been fed in from there, which they then transport in a loosened manner.

The task and mode of operation of the solution of the PS are analogous to the solution as shown in US Pat. No. 3,245,154 for the applicable third section. The solution of this PS shows a one-piece device with essentially radially directed working elements formed on its body as a cage, which rub rolling in the drum and prevent caking from the outset. The rubbing, scratching effect of the working elements on the inside of the drum is further increased if the working elements are arranged in a helical shape on the cage. Axial movement of the cage in the drum is not provided.

The US-PS 36 07 399 discloses a method and an apparatus for loosening and removing matting and accumulation of fiber materials on the inner wall of drums, which are to dry therein. The fiber material is blown into the drying drum with a stream of carrier air and is moved to dry it.

At least two rolling working elements are provided in the drum to prevent accumulations, mostly by matting the fiber material. These working elements are designed as rollers and extend the entire longitudinal extent of the interior of the drum. One, the heavier role, has a driving function with regard to the second, the cleaning role and is upstream in relation to the direction of rotation of the drum. The drive roller has a surface with high friction intensity in the version with rubber. The surface of the second, the actual cleaning roller, has cleaning elements which adhere to the surface of the drive roller and the inner drum wall at the same time. The static friction between the rollers is further increased by the fact that the cleaning roller is constantly pressed into a slope by its arrangement with respect to the direction of rotation of the drum behind the drive roller. The cleaning roller, which has a larger outer diameter than the drive roller, therefore has a faster peripheral speed. As a result, it scratches and rubs the inside of the drum. Due to the arrangement of the drive and cleaning roller, the friction effect is always limited to the materials adhering to one circulation. Firmly adhering compact material cannot be removed.

The invention has for its object to provide a method for removing deposits lying on the inner surfaces of rotating tubular cylinders and a device for carrying out the method, with which it is possible to work off the deposits in a cost-saving manner and without a health hazard to workers, in layers and continuously to carry out, the device having working elements which enables a planar ablation operation.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that the sliding body with its outer surface during the rotary movement of the tubular cylinder adhering to the deposits or on the inner surface of the tubular cylinder by frictional connection is moved into a position elevated from the base position. After the adhesion limit value has been exceeded, the sliding body, axially positioning itself, slides back into the base position against the rotational movement of the tubular cylinder. During the sliding back of the sliding body, the working elements abrasively and rubbed off the deposits completely and in layers.

It is in the sense of the invention that the outline of the sliding body in cross-section has the shape of a double-symmetrical basket arch, of which the larger of the cross-sectional radii of the basket arch is adapted to the inner radius of the tubular cylinder, the sliding body having laborious elements which are designed according to its outline figure.

It is an embodiment of the invention that the sliding body has a central part on which the elements are arranged, the central part being elongated and rotationally symmetrical in the practice of the invention.

One embodiment of the invention is to be seen in the fact that the central part is shaped like an arch in its outline and the elements on its surface are arranged. The invention is designed so that the elements protrude significantly from the central part and are disc-shaped and basket-shaped, the elements being arranged at an obtuse angle to the longitudinal axis of the sliding body. The invention is also useful if the work-effective elements are arranged at an angle of 90 ° to the longitudinal axis of the sliding body.

In the broader sense of the invention, it is when the central part is provided on its surface with brushes, wipers or scrapers or, in an analogous embodiment, the elements on the central part are arranged helically.

In one embodiment, the elements are interchangeable or advantageously also adjustable.

The technical parameters of the device and the process steps are advantageously adapted to the processing of thin-film, loose and soft to plastic caking. It is easily possible to adapt the mass and size of the device as a function of the required intensity and in the characteristic application, that would be exemplary during ongoing production.

The devices have a characteristic feature which is expressed in the fact that the inner radius of the tubular cylinder is decisive for the size of the contours forming the larger of the two radii of the basket arch. The radius is when the device is inserted on the inside of the tubular cylinder. The rotary movement of the tubular cylinder is converted into a targeted sliding movement of the device. This advantageous sliding movement, generally sliding and sliding, advantageously produces tearing, peeling and frictional forces at the edges of the work-effective elements, which are used to process deposits and caking.

It is possible to assign a cable to the device at both ends and thus to enable a forced movement in both directions. The cable pull in both directions is necessary when the device is equipped with brushes, wipers and scrapers, or the elements are arranged at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the central, supporting part. No movement component is then generated along the longitudinal axis of the tubular cylinder, as is the case with elements arranged obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the central supporting part.

• Fig. 1 die Vorrichtung in einen Drehrohrzylinder eingeführt;
• Fig. 2 Arbeitsphase eines gegliederten Gleitkör­pers im Schnitt;
• Fig. 3 Draufsicht eines gegliederten Gleitkörpers;
• Fig. 4 Schnitt A - A in Fig. 3;
• Fig. 5 Schnitt B - B in Fig. 6;
• Fig. 6 Draufsicht eines massiven Gleitkörpers;
• Fig. 7 Draufsicht eines gegliederten Gleitkörpers mit längs- und quergerichteten Arbeitsele­menten;
• Fig. 8 Querschnitt zu Fig. 7;
• Fig. 9 einen massiven Gleitkörper mit bürstenarti­gen Arbeitselementen im Querschnitt;
• Fig. 10 einen Hohlkörper mit schuppenartigen Ar­beitselementen im Querschnitt.

The invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. In the accompanying drawing:

• Figure 1 introduced the device in a rotary tube cylinder.
• Fig. 2 working phase of an articulated sliding body in section;
• 3 top view of an articulated sliding body;
• Fig. 4 section A - A in Fig. 3;
• Fig. 5 section B - B in Fig. 6;
• Fig. 6 top view of a solid sliding body;
• 7 top view of an articulated sliding body with longitudinal and transverse working elements;
• Fig. 8 cross section to Fig. 7;
• 9 shows a solid sliding body with brush-like working elements in cross section;
• Fig. 10 shows a hollow body with scale-like working elements in cross section.

1 and 2 show the part of a horizontal rotary tube cylinder of almost any length, diameter and type of caking, which is processed on its inner surfaces by sliding bodies of various shapes using the existing self-propulsion.

A common feature of all embodiments of the invention is a sliding body with an outline figure adapted to the inner radius of the respective tubular cylinder, at least one of its cross-sectional sides being designed such that the device in the rotating tubular cylinder is not itself set in a rolling and rotating movement about its body axis, but in a targeted manner Performs sliding movements against the rotational movement of the tubular cylinder. In this case, the device in all types of construction rests against the inner wall of the tubular cylinder by friction into an elevated position Position taken and slides back from there after exceeding the contact liability in the bottom layer in the tubular cylinder.

In practical use, this results in typical tearing, peeling and frictional forces between the device and the inner surface of the tubular cylinder, which are used in a targeted manner to process deposits, caking or the like.

The sliding body is designed depending on the technological application, the furnace dimensions, the consistency and the specific application and installation conditions.

3 and 7, openly structured sliding bodies and corresponding cross sections are shown in FIGS. 4 and 8. A second variant are solid sliding bodies according to FIG. 6 with the cross-sections according to FIGS. 5 and 9, for example. In a third variant according to FIG. 10, the body has a closed outer shape, which can be hollow on the inside.

First embodiment - articulated sliding body according to FIGS. 3 and 7

An elongated body has at least one continuously supporting part 2; 2 ′. On the load-bearing part 2; 2 'are working elements 3; 3 ′; 3˝ put on, which shape the outer cross-section in their outline figure. The cross section is designed as a double symmetrical basket arch, the larger of the radii the inner radius of the Pipe cylinder is adjusted. Both cross-sectional radii of the basket arch differ significantly in size.

In a variant not shown, the disks of the elements 3 can be arranged at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the sliding body or according to FIGS. 3 and 7 obliquely to the sliding body axis. In the case of an obtuse-angled arrangement, the spacing of the elements 3 and their angle of inclination should be selected such that a surface-covering working effect over the body length is given during the movements in the rotating tubular cylinder. Depending on the structural design and the type of surface or approach, the device can be guided or pulled on both ends or on one end on a rope 4.

A one-sided cable pull 1 is of particular importance if the environment or the furnace design does not permit a second cable guide 1. In this case, the disks of the elements 3, 3˝ are arranged at a specific obtuse angle to the longitudinal axis of the sliding body, so that the sliding body is given a longitudinal movement component when the tubular cylinder rotates. For this purpose, the caking on the inner surfaces of the tubular cylinders must enable stable formation of traces and at the same time have strength in order to derive a directional longitudinal movement component from the sliding movement of the body. In this way, the sliding body, which is held only on a cable pull 1, can specifically process selected areas in the rotating tubular cylinder and carry out removal or cleaning work there.

The discs of the elements 3; 3˝ are on for this purpose their scope designed to be work-effective and have a tool-like assembly if necessary. An essential feature in the design of work-effective body areas is a shape that does not damage the actual jacket of the tubular cylinder. For this reason, the outline in the pane plane should be as unbroken as possible and transverse outer parts 3 'should not protrude beyond the pane outline (cf. Fig. 7).

In the second embodiment with a homogeneous sliding body, the supporting part 2 'in the outline of its cross-section also corresponds to a double-symmetrical basket arch, the larger of the radii being adapted to the inner radius of the tubular cylinder. Both cross-sectional radii differ significantly in size. If required, work-effective areas in the form of elements 3˝ that are set on or let in correspond to the outer contour of this geometric description. In the arrangement of the elements 3˝, right-angled or obtuse-angled, helical or evenly distributed arrangements can also be selected. In the special case of the specific obtuse-angled alignment, longitudinal motion components can be generated, as in exemplary embodiment 1, in order to achieve a self-walking effect.

The surface is designed according to technological requirements. It can be smooth, rough, light or clearly profiled. In the special case according to FIGS. 9 and 10, the working elements brushes 31 are made of plastic, steel wire or the like or in the form of elastic lips as wipers 32, preferably made of rubber. These special tools then have a cleaning we and can form bare inner surfaces.

Also in the third embodiment with a hollow sliding body, its outer cross-sectional contour corresponds to the designs according to FIGS. 2, 4, 8, 9, 10. The hollow interior can be stiffened if necessary. The outer supporting body 2 'can be kept elastic in special cases. The surface is smooth or equipped with work elements.

Claims (12)

1. Method for removing deposits on the inner surfaces of rotating tubular cylinders, the axis of which runs horizontally or at a slight incline, by means of a body which can move independently or by drive means,
characterized,
that the body with its outer surface during the rotational movement of the tubular cylinder on the deposits or on the inner surface of the tubular cylinder adheres by friction to an elevated position from the base position and, after the static friction limit has been exceeded, slides back into the base position, axially positioning itself, the opposite Rotary movement of the tubular cylinder, the deposits of working elements are abraded and rubbed away completely or in layers. 2. Device for removing deposits lying on the inner surfaces of rotating tubular cylinders, their axis runs horizontally or slightly inclined, consisting of a longitudinal body which has a connection for a cable on at least one end face,
characterized,
that the outline figure of the sliding body (2, 2 ') in cross-section has the shape of an approximately elliptical double-symmetrical basket arch, the larger cross-sectional radius of which is adapted to the inner radius of the tubular cylinder, the sliding body (2, 2') on its outline working elements (3, 3rd ', 3˝) has. 3. Device according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the sliding body has a central part (2, 2 ') on which the work-effective elements (3, 3', 3˝) are arranged following its outline. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2 and 3,
characterized,
that the central part (2) is elongated, rotationally symmetrical. 5. The device according to claim 3,
characterized,
that the central part (2 ') is designed in the shape of a basket arch and the work-effective elements (3˝) are arranged on its surface. 6. Device according to claims 3 and 4,
characterized,
that the work-effective elements (3) significantly protrude the central part (2) and are disc-like and basket-shaped. 7. Device according to claims 2 and 3,
characterized,
that the elements (3, 3˝) are arranged obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the sliding body (2). 8. Device according to one of claims 2 to 6,
characterized,
that the elements (3, 3˝) are arranged at an angle of 90 ° to the longitudinal axis of the sliding body (2). 9. The device according to claim 5,
characterized,
that the central part (2 ') is provided on its surfaces with brushes (31) or wipers (32). 10. The device according to claim 5,
characterized,
that the work-effective elements (3˝) on the central part (2 ') are arranged helically. 11. The device according to one of claims 2 to 10,
characterized,
that the elements (3, 31, 32) are interchangeable. 12. The device according to claim 2 to 11,
characterized,
since the elements (3 ') are adjustable.

Images