EP0340980A2 - Sprengstoffzusammensetzungen - Google Patents

Sprengstoffzusammensetzungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0340980A2
EP0340980A2 EP89304279A EP89304279A EP0340980A2 EP 0340980 A2 EP0340980 A2 EP 0340980A2 EP 89304279 A EP89304279 A EP 89304279A EP 89304279 A EP89304279 A EP 89304279A EP 0340980 A2 EP0340980 A2 EP 0340980A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
explosive
polymerizable compound
polymerization
explosive composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89304279A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0340980A3 (de
Inventor
O. B. Reeksting
Bernard Francois Bloemhof
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sasol Chemical Industries Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Sasol Chemical Industries Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sasol Chemical Industries Pty Ltd filed Critical Sasol Chemical Industries Pty Ltd
Publication of EP0340980A2 publication Critical patent/EP0340980A2/de
Publication of EP0340980A3 publication Critical patent/EP0340980A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/12—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product having contiguous layers or zones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying

Definitions

  • This invention relates to explosive compositions in the fluid or semi-fluid form, i.e. compositions such as emulsions, gels, and the like, and their method of preparation.
  • Explosive compositions of the aforesaid kind usually comprises a suitable aqueous solution of an oxidiser salt (usually ammonium nitrate or mixtures thereof) and a suitable fuel (usually a hydrocarbon oil), together with one or more compounds such as dispersing and/or emulsifying agents, thickeners, and sensitising agents.
  • an oxidiser salt usually ammonium nitrate or mixtures thereof
  • a suitable fuel usually a hydrocarbon oil
  • the latter can, for example, entail gas bubbles which can be introduced into the composition either chemically, mechanically, or through the addition of a gas entrainment agent such as microballoons, for example.
  • One of the problems encountered with explosive compositions of the aforesaid kind relates to the accurate control of the viscosity and/or density of the final product.
  • the viscosity of such compositions it is usually advantageous for the handling of the composition in the blasting hole to have a product which has a relatively high viscosity, and which will be able to retain its physical form in the blasting hole in spite of any tamping, etc. which may be affected in such hole during of after the loading of the explosives charge.
  • the density of such compositions it can, for example, be advantageous to the blasting power of the final composition if the product has a relatively high density.
  • the sensitivity of the explosive compositions decreases with increased density, such increase often requires rectification through the employment of more of the sensitising agent. There are several disadvantages attached to the latter requirement, one of which relates to the relatively high costs of such agents.
  • Another problem encountered with explosive compositions of the aforesaid kind relates to the way in which they are packed for commercial use.
  • packing comprises the provision of an envelope of wax coated paper or the like, or of a suitable synthetic resinous material, into which the composition is located in the fluid or semi-fluid form.
  • the envelope is also subject to breakage, especially during the loading of the explosive charge into the blasting hole, which of course, often leads to the explosive charge being damaged, and its blasting power possibly also deminished.
  • a method of manufacturing an explosive composition which is in an at least semi-fluid form includes the step of employing a polymerizable compound in the composition, and causing it to polymerize.
  • the invention accordingly also includes within its scope a method of controlling the viscosity of an explosive composition which is in an at least semi-fluid form by employing a polymerizable compound as one of the constituents of the composition, and causing the compound to polymerize to a predetermined degree.
  • Applicant has furthermore found that where a sensitising agent such as gas bubbles or the like is employed in the composition, the prolonged trapping of such bubbles, and hence the stability of the composition, can be enhanced through such polymerization of the composition.
  • a sensitising agent such as gas bubbles or the like
  • the invention accordingly also includes within its scope a method of controlling the stability of an explosive composition of the aforesaid kind which contains a sensitizing agent in the form of gas bubbles or the like by employing a polymerizable compound as one of the constituents of the composition and causing it to polymerize.
  • the polymerization can be effected in any suitable manner, and that the composition may include any other suitable constituents which may be required for enhancing and/or controlling such polymerization.
  • the polymerization may be effected by means of chemical reaction, heat and/or any suitable form of irradiation such as light (ultraviolet or infarred); electron beam, X-ray, gamma ray, etc.
  • the composition may, of course, also include one or more suitable initiators, accelerators, cross linking agents, catalysts, etc.
  • the polymerizable compound constitutes at least part of the fuel component of the explosive composition.
  • the polymerizable compound may constitute any suitable one, and may, for example, constitute at least one of the compounds from the group including organic polymers, or prepolymers and resins, particularly alkyd resins and the like.
  • the polymerizable compound comprises a suitable alkyd polymer.
  • the method includes the step of performing the polymerization in such a manner that the final product is at least enveloped in a skin of polymerized material.
  • Such a skin can furthermore be made strong enough to ensure that the final product will be able to withstand the normal handling thereof without breakage.
  • the method includes the step of providing the explosive composition in the final form in which it will be made available for commercial use before allowing it to polymerize.
  • the unpolymerized explosive composition may be provided in the form of an elongated cylinder or the like, and the polymerization so performed that the polymerized composition is of substantially the same configuration.
  • the explosive composition includes a polymerizable carbon containing fuel compound, and the polymerization is effected by subjecting the composition to a suitable form of irradiation, such as ultra violet irradiation, for example.
  • the polymerization of the composition accordingly starts to take place over the entire periphery of the compound so that at least the whole of the outside of the composition becomes covered with a polymer skin.
  • ultra violet irradiation can be applied at an intensity of from 80 to 500 watts per cm2, and an exposure time of from 0.5 to 500 seconds.
  • such polymerization can be stopped when a skin of predetermined thickness has been formed, or alternatively, it can be allowed to continue until the whole of the composition has been polymerized.
  • the unpolymerized product is extruded in cylindrical form from a suitable mixing apparatus, whereafter the irradiation can be effected to the extruded product.
  • the unpolymerized product can be located in a tube of a suitable material such as quartz, for example, and the irradiation of the product effected through the wall of the tube.
  • the polymerization of the rest of the composition can be allowed to take place at any later stage of the operation.
  • the invention also includes within its scope an explosive composition of the aforesaid kind which includes a polymerized fuel compound, as well as apparatus as herein described for making such a composition.
  • the conventionally known composition C constituted a water-in-oil emulsion comprising, on a mass to mass basis, 84.3% of an oxidiser salt such as ammonium nitrate or mixtures thereof, dissolved in an amount of water which constituted 10.2% (m/m) of the final product; 4.8% of a fuel such as a suitable hydrocarbon oil together with a suitable emulsifier; and 0.7% of a suitable sensitiser.
  • an oxidiser salt such as ammonium nitrate or mixtures thereof
  • Composition A differed in constitution from composition C in that its fuel component comprised 2.8% fuel and emulsifier, and 2% of a suitable alkyd polymer.
  • composition B its constituents differed from those of compound C in that all of its fuel component comprised the aforesaid alkyd polymer, which accordingly constituted 4.8% of the final product on a mass per mass basis.
  • each of the prior made water-in-oil emulsion compositions A, B and C was in turn extruded from a mixer 1 in the form of an elongated cylinder 2 onto conveyers 3, where they were cut into predetermined lengths by means of a cutting device 4, and from which they were allowed to roll down an inclined chute 5 onto a pair of tapered rollers 6, which rotate in the same direction relative to each other, and which accordingly serve to make cylinder 2 retain its cylindrical shape.
  • compositions A and B there were subjected to ultraviolet radiation from a source 7 while they were retained on rollers 6.
  • the radiation was effected at an intensity of 50-80 watts/cm2, and an exposure time of 15 seconds.
  • the final compounds A and B differed physically from compounds C in that they were enveloped in a polymeric skin which was of such thickness and strength that no subsequent packaging thereof was required in order to render them suitable for ordinary commercial use as explosive compositions.
  • the final product was packed in conventional manner in an envelope of a wax-­coated paper or polymeric material in order to render it suitable for ordinary commercial use as an explosive composition.
  • compositions A, B and C were removed from rollers 6, some of their physical and blasting properties were determined, and some of these were reflected in the following table:
  • compositions A and B In temperature shock tests which were carried out on the final compositions, it was found in the case of compositions A and B that they could still successfully be detonated at ambient temperature after their temperatures had been lowered to -40°C, while composition C completely failed to detonate under such conditions.
  • compositions A and B could still be detonated sucessfully, while compound C completely failed to detonate.
  • the invention provides a novel explosion composition, and a method for its preparation, with which the problems sated in the preamble of this specification as being encountered with the conventional type of explosive composition, can be overcome or at least minimised.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
EP19890304279 1987-10-30 1989-04-28 Sprengstoffzusammensetzungen Withdrawn EP0340980A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA878156 1987-10-30
ZA88878156 1988-04-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0340980A2 true EP0340980A2 (de) 1989-11-08
EP0340980A3 EP0340980A3 (de) 1990-10-10

Family

ID=25579044

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890304279 Withdrawn EP0340980A3 (de) 1987-10-30 1989-04-28 Sprengstoffzusammensetzungen

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0340980A3 (de)
AU (1) AU3374089A (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO166636C (no) * 1989-03-31 1991-08-21 Norsk Hydro As Sprengstoff omfattende en blanding av et nitrat-olje sprengstoff og et vann-i-olje emulsjonssprengstoff og fremgangsmaate til dets fremstilling.

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT144379B (de) * 1934-06-26 1936-01-25 Kretschmer & Co F G Schneidvorrichtung zum Ablängen von Röhren und Stäben beliebigen Profiles aus explosiven Stoffen.
US3158991A (en) * 1958-04-24 1964-12-01 Dal Mon Research Co Irradiated polymeric propellants and process of rocket propulsion
US3196059A (en) * 1963-09-24 1965-07-20 Atlantic Res Corp Thixotropic propellant compositions
US3650669A (en) * 1969-01-28 1972-03-21 Union Carbide Corp Treatment of monomeric and polymeric systems with high intensity predominantly continuum light radiation
GB1315847A (en) * 1970-06-19 1973-05-02 Ici Ltd Thickened slurry explosives methods for the preparation of such thickened slurry explosives and nozzles for use in such methods
BE787505A (fr) * 1971-08-16 1973-02-12 Ici Australia Ltd Procede et appareil pour debiter des explosifs
US4525225A (en) * 1984-03-05 1985-06-25 Atlas Powder Company Solid water-in-oil emulsion explosives compositions and processes
DE3535281A1 (de) * 1984-04-03 1987-04-09 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung kunststoffgebundener treibladungspulver und sprengstoffe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3374089A (en) 1989-11-02
EP0340980A3 (de) 1990-10-10

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