EP0338637A2 - High pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp - Google Patents

High pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0338637A2
EP0338637A2 EP89200974A EP89200974A EP0338637A2 EP 0338637 A2 EP0338637 A2 EP 0338637A2 EP 89200974 A EP89200974 A EP 89200974A EP 89200974 A EP89200974 A EP 89200974A EP 0338637 A2 EP0338637 A2 EP 0338637A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mercury
discharge lamp
mercury vapor
pressure
lamp
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EP89200974A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0338637A3 (en
EP0338637B1 (en
Inventor
Ernst Dr. Fischer
Horst Dr. Hörster
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a bulb made of high-temperature-resistant material which contains electrodes made of tungsten and a filling which consists essentially of mercury, noble gas and halogen free in the operating state.
  • a known from DE-AS 14 89 417 super high pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp of this type has an elongated quartz glass bulb with 55 mm3 content. This flask is filled with noble gas and 6.5 mg mercury; this corresponds to an amount of mercury of 0.12 mg / mm3. The mercury vapor pressure should be around 120 bar. The lamp has a power density of around 14.5 W / mm3. To extend the service life, not only the wall of the piston, e.g. cooled by means of a water flow, but also filled into the flask at least one of the halogens per cubic millimeter 5 x 10 ⁇ 4 to 5 x 10 ⁇ 2 g atom.
  • Such lamps with mercury vapor pressures of approximately 120 bar produce a high luminance, but essentially emit a typical mercury spectrum, which is superimposed on a continuous spectrum, with a low red component.
  • a super high pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a capillary tube made of quartz glass is known, which is filled with mercury up to a quantity of 0.15 mg per cubic millimeter; this corresponds to a mercury vapor pressure of about 150 bar.
  • this lamp is also filled with at least one metal iodide.
  • the high electrode load on these lamps leads to tungsten evaporating from the electrodes and being deposited on the bulb wall. This leads to a blackening of the piston, which heats it up strongly, which can lead to an explosion of the piston, in particular at high mercury vapor pressures.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp of the type mentioned at the outset which, in addition to a high luminance and good luminous efficiency, has improved color rendering and a longer service life.
  • This object is achieved in a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp of the type mentioned at the outset according to the invention in that the amount of mercury is greater than 0.2 mg / mm3, the mercury vapor pressure in operation is greater than 200 bar and the wall load is greater than 1 W / mm2 and that at least one of the halogens Cl, Br and I is present in an amount between 10 ⁇ 6 and 10 ⁇ 4 ⁇ mol / mm3.
  • the flask In order to maintain this high mercury vapor pressure, the flask has a high wall temperature (around 1000 ° C). In addition, the dimensions of the lamp bulb are small in order to withstand this high pressure. The high wall temperature and the small dimensions of the piston are reflected in a high wall load.
  • the piston expediently consists of quartz glass or aluminum oxide.
  • the upper limit of the mercury vapor pressure depends on the strength of the piston material, but should be around 400 bar in practice.
  • the amount of mercury is preferably between 0.2 and 0.35 mg / mm 3 and the mercury vapor pressure is between 200 and 350 bar.
  • the high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp according to the invention contains a small amount of at least one of the halogens chlorine, bromine or iodine. These halogens cause a tungsten transport cycle, through which the tungsten deposited on the lamp bulb is transported back to the electrodes.
  • bromine is used as the halogen in the high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention, which is introduced in the form of CH2Br2 with a filling pressure of about 0.1 mbar into the lamp. This connection breaks down as soon as the lamp is ignited.
  • the mercury vapor discharge lamps according to the invention contain no metal halide, since a metal halide concentration so high would be required for a significant increase in the continuum portion of the radiation that the electrodes would be very quickly corroded due to the high tungsten transport rates.
  • Heavy-duty metal halide lamps e.g. in GB-PS 11 09 135 are therefore typically only reach lifetimes of a few hundred hours, while in the lamps according to the invention lifetimes of more than 5000 hours with almost constant luminous efficacy ( ⁇ ⁇ 2%) and almost completely constant color coordinates ( ⁇ x, ⁇ y ⁇ 0.005 during 5000 hours) could be achieved.
  • the lamps according to the invention have a color temperature of more than 8000 K.
  • the color temperature and the color rendering can be further improved in a discharge lamp according to the invention in that the lamp is surrounded by a filter for the blue radiation component.
  • the high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp 1 according to FIG. 1 has an ellipsoidal lamp bulb 2 made of quartz glass. Cylindrical quartz parts 3 and 4 adjoin the piston ends, into which molybdenum foils 5 and 6 are melted in a vacuum-tight manner. The inner ends of the molybdenum foils 5 and 6 are connected to electrode pins 7 and 8 made of tungsten, which carry wraps 9 and 10 made of tungsten. The outer ends of the molybdenum foils 5 and 6 are connected to current supply wires 11 and 12 made of molybdenum.
  • the high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp 13 according to FIG. 2 is constructed similarly to the lamp according to FIG. 1.
  • the lamp bulb 14 is only cylindrical.
  • the lamp 13 is surrounded by an outer bulb 15 made of quartz glass, which is coated on the inside with an interference filter 16. This filter 16 serves to reduce the blue radiation emitted by the lamp 13.
  • Cylindrical lamp bulb according to Fig. 2 with 1.3 mm wall thickness without outer bulb.
  • the internal dimensions and operating data are: length 4 mm diameter 1.5 mm Piston volume 7 mm3 Electrode gap 1.0 mm filling mercury 2.5 mg Hg (0.357 mg / mm3) halogen 5 x 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ mol / mm3 CH2Br2 operating pressure 300 bar power 30 W. Burning voltage 92 V. Luminous efficacy 60 lm / W Wall load 1.36 W / mm2
  • the lamps described have a color temperature of more than 8000 K, but the color rendering is significantly improved compared to lamps with low operating pressure.
  • the color rendering index R a for the three lamps 51.5, 55.2 and 61.6 just described is, while with similar lamps with an operating pressure of 150 bar only a color rendering index of a little more than 45 was achieved.
  • Example 3 shows the light spectrum emitted by a lamp according to Example 2 as intensity I over the wavelength ⁇ . This shows that the continuum portion of the visible radiation is about 50%.
  • the interference filter 16 consists, for example, of an alternating layer sequence of ZrO2-modified titanium dioxide and amorphous silicon dioxide.
  • the filter used had a transmittance Tr, as shown in FIG. 4 as a function of the wavelength ⁇ .
  • the interference filter not only greatly reduces the color temperature, but at the same time the color rendering index improves considerably.
  • the lamps according to the invention Compared to comparable highly loaded metal halide lamps, the lamps according to the invention have a somewhat lower luminous efficiency and, when operated without a filter, also poorer color rendering properties, but are distinguished by extremely good constancy of the photometric data, an almost unchangeable luminous efficiency during the burning period and a very long service life. While a life span of several hundred hours can be achieved with highly loaded metal halide lamps, the lamps according to the invention do not show any noteworthy changes even after a burning time of more than 5000 hours.

Abstract

High-pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp with a bulb (2) containing two tungsten electrodes (9, 10) and a filling which, in addition to noble gas, contains an amount of mercury exceeding 0.2 mg/mm<3> with a mercury vapour pressure exceeding 200 bar and at least one of the halogens chlorine, bromine or iodine in an amount of between 10<-><6> and 10<-><4> mu mol/mm<3>. The wall loading during operation exceeds 1 W/mm<2>. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Hochdruck-Quecksilber­dampfentladungslampe mit einem Kolben aus hochtemperatur­festem Material, der Elektroden aus Wolfram und eine Füllung enthält, die im wesentlichen aus Quecksilber, Edelgas und im Betriebszustand freiem Halogen besteht.The invention relates to a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a bulb made of high-temperature-resistant material which contains electrodes made of tungsten and a filling which consists essentially of mercury, noble gas and halogen free in the operating state.

Eine aus der DE-AS 14 89 417 bekannte Superhochdruck- Quecksilberdampfentladungslampe dieser Art besitzt einen langgestreckten Quarzglaskolben mit 55 mm³ Inhalt. Dieser Kolben ist mit Edelgas sowie 6,5 mg Quecksilber gefüllt; dies entspricht einer Quecksilbermenge von 0,12 mg/mm³. Der Quecksilberdampfdruck dürfte etwa 120 bar betragen. Die Lampe hat eine Leistungsdichte von etwa 14,5 W/mm³. Zur Verlängerung der Lebensdauer wird nicht nur die Wand des Kolbens, z.B. mittels eines Wasserstromes, gekühlt, sondern auch noch in den Kolben je Kubikmilimeter 5 x 10⁻⁴ bis 5 x 10⁻² gAtom mindestens eines der Halogene einge­füllt.A known from DE-AS 14 89 417 super high pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp of this type has an elongated quartz glass bulb with 55 mm³ content. This flask is filled with noble gas and 6.5 mg mercury; this corresponds to an amount of mercury of 0.12 mg / mm³. The mercury vapor pressure should be around 120 bar. The lamp has a power density of around 14.5 W / mm³. To extend the service life, not only the wall of the piston, e.g. cooled by means of a water flow, but also filled into the flask at least one of the halogens per cubic millimeter 5 x 10⁻⁴ to 5 x 10⁻² g atom.

Derartige Lampen mit Quecksilberdampfdrücken von etwa 120 bar erzeugen zwar eine hohe Leuchtdichte, geben jedoch im wesentlichen ein typisches Quecksilber-Spektrum, das einem kontinuierlichen Spektrum überlagert ist, mit einem niedrigen Rotanteil ab.Such lamps with mercury vapor pressures of approximately 120 bar produce a high luminance, but essentially emit a typical mercury spectrum, which is superimposed on a continuous spectrum, with a low red component.

Aus der GB-PS 11 09 135 ist eine Superhochdruck-Queck­silberdampfentladungslampe mit einem Kapillarrohrkolben aus Quarzglas bekannt, der pro Kubikmilimeter Inhalt mit Quecksilber bis zu einer Menge von 0,15 mg gefüllt ist; dies entspricht einem Quecksilberdampfdruck von etwa 150 bar. Zur Verbesserung der Farbwiedergabe ist diese Lampe darüber hinaus mit mindestens einem Metall­jodid gefüllt. Die hohe Elektrodenbelastung dieser Lampen führt dazu, daß Wolfram von den Elektroden verdampft und sich auf der Kolbenwand niederschlägt. Dies führt zu einer Abschwärzung des Kolbens, wodurch sich dieser stark erhitzt, was, insbesondere bei hohen Quecksilberdampf­drücken, zu einer Explosion des Kolbens führen kann.From GB-PS 11 09 135 a super high pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a capillary tube made of quartz glass is known, which is filled with mercury up to a quantity of 0.15 mg per cubic millimeter; this corresponds to a mercury vapor pressure of about 150 bar. To improve the color rendering, this lamp is also filled with at least one metal iodide. The high electrode load on these lamps leads to tungsten evaporating from the electrodes and being deposited on the bulb wall. This leads to a blackening of the piston, which heats it up strongly, which can lead to an explosion of the piston, in particular at high mercury vapor pressures.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Hochdruck-Quecksilberdampfentladungslampe eingangs erwähnter Art zu schaffen, welche außer einer hohen Leuchtdichte und einer guten Lichtausbeute eine verbesserte Farbwiedergabe sowie eine längere Lebensdauer besitzt.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp of the type mentioned at the outset which, in addition to a high luminance and good luminous efficiency, has improved color rendering and a longer service life.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Hochdruck-Quecksilberdampf­entladungslampe eingangs erwähnter Art gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß die Quecksilbermenge größer als 0,2 mg/mm³, der Quecksilberdampfdruck im Betrieb größer als 200 bar und die Wandbelastung größer als 1 W/mm² ist und daß wenigstens eines der Halogene Cl, Br und I in einer Menge zwischen 10⁻⁶ und 10⁻⁴ µmol/mm³ vorhanden ist.This object is achieved in a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp of the type mentioned at the outset according to the invention in that the amount of mercury is greater than 0.2 mg / mm³, the mercury vapor pressure in operation is greater than 200 bar and the wall load is greater than 1 W / mm² and that at least one of the halogens Cl, Br and I is present in an amount between 10⁻⁶ and 10⁻⁴ µmol / mm³.

Bis zu einem Quecksilberdampfdruck von etwa 150 bar sind die Lichtausbeute und die Farbwiedergabeeigenschaften von Quecksilberhochdrucklampen praktisch konstant, da im wesentlichen eine Linienstrahlung des Quecksilbers sowie ein kontinuierlicher Strahlungsanteil emittiert wird, der aus der Rekombination von Elektronen und Quecksilberatomen herrührt. Überraschenderweise ergab sich bei höheren Quecksilberdampfdrücken ein deutlicher Anstieg der Lichtausbeute und des Farbwiedergabeindex, der durch einen drastischen Anstieg des Anteils kontinuierlicher Strahlung verursacht wird. Es wird vermutet, daß bei hohen Drücken über 200 bar neben einer Kontinuumsemission aus quasimolekularen Zuständen auch die Bandenemission echter gebundener Molekülzustände einen erheblichen Beitrag leistet. Bei einem Betriebsdruck von etwa 300 bar liegt der Kontinuumsanteil der sichtbaren Strahlung deutlich über 50 %. Hierdurch erhöht sich auch der Rotanteil des ausgestrahlten Lichtspektrums.Up to a mercury vapor pressure of approximately 150 bar, the light output and color rendering properties of high-pressure mercury lamps are practically constant, since essentially a line radiation of the mercury and a continuous radiation component are emitted, which result from the recombination of electrons and mercury atoms. Surprisingly, at higher mercury vapor pressures there was a significant increase in the luminous efficiency and the color rendering index, which is caused by a drastic increase in the proportion of continuous radiation. It is believed that at high pressures Over 200 bar in addition to a continuum emission from quasi-molecular states, the band emission of real bound molecular states also makes a significant contribution. At an operating pressure of around 300 bar, the continuum portion of the visible radiation is well above 50%. This also increases the red component of the emitted light spectrum.

Um diesen hohen Quecksilberdampfdruck zu erhalten, hat der Kolben eine hohe Wandtemperatur (etwa 1000°C). Außerdem sind die Abmessungen des Lampenkolbens klein, um diesem hohen Druck standzuhalten. Die hohe Wandtemperatur und die kleinen Abmessungen des Kolbens spiegeln sich in einer hohen Wandbelastung wider. Zweckmäßigerweise besteht der Kolben aus Quarzglas oder Aluminiumoxid.In order to maintain this high mercury vapor pressure, the flask has a high wall temperature (around 1000 ° C). In addition, the dimensions of the lamp bulb are small in order to withstand this high pressure. The high wall temperature and the small dimensions of the piston are reflected in a high wall load. The piston expediently consists of quartz glass or aluminum oxide.

Die Obergrenze des Quecksilberdampfdruckes hängt von der Festigkeit des Kolbenmaterials ab, dürfte jedoch für die Praxis bei etwa 400 bar liegen. Vorzugsweise liegt die Quecksilbermenge zwischen 0,2 und 0,35 mg/mm³ und der Quecksilberdampfdruck zwischen 200 und 350 bar.The upper limit of the mercury vapor pressure depends on the strength of the piston material, but should be around 400 bar in practice. The amount of mercury is preferably between 0.2 and 0.35 mg / mm 3 and the mercury vapor pressure is between 200 and 350 bar.

Die sehr kleinen Kolbenabmessungen könnten zu einer verstärkten Wandabschwärzung durch von den Elektroden verdampftes Wolfram führen. Eine solche Wandabschwärzung muß jedoch unbedingt vermieden werden, da andernfalls durch verstärke Absorption von Wärmestrahlung die Wand­temperatur während der Lebensdauer ansteigt, was zur Zerstörung des Lampenkolbens führen würde. Als Maßnahme gegen eine solche Wandabschwärzung durch Wolframtransport enthält die Hochdruck-Quecksilberdampfentladungslampe nach der Erfindung eine geringe Menge wenigstens eines der Halogene Chlor, Brom oder Jod. Diese Halogene bewirken einen Wolframtransportzyklus, durch welchen das auf dem Lampenkolben abgeschiedene Wolfram wieder zu den Elektroden zurücktransportiert wird.The very small piston dimensions could lead to increased wall blackening due to tungsten evaporated from the electrodes. Such blackening of the wall must, however, be absolutely avoided, since otherwise the wall temperature rises during the service life due to increased absorption of heat radiation, which would lead to the destruction of the lamp bulb. As a measure against such wall blackening by means of tungsten transport, the high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp according to the invention contains a small amount of at least one of the halogens chlorine, bromine or iodine. These halogens cause a tungsten transport cycle, through which the tungsten deposited on the lamp bulb is transported back to the electrodes.

Zweckmäßigerweise wird bei der Hochdruckentladungslampe nach der Erfindung als Halogen Brom verwendet, das in Form von CH₂Br₂ mit einem Fülldruck von etwa 0,1 mbar in die Lampe eingebracht wird. Diese Verbindung zersetzt sich, sobald die Lampe gezündet wird.Advantageously, bromine is used as the halogen in the high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention, which is introduced in the form of CH₂Br₂ with a filling pressure of about 0.1 mbar into the lamp. This connection breaks down as soon as the lamp is ignited.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Quecksilberdampfentladungslampen enthalten kein Metallhalogenid, da für eine nennenswerte Erhöhung des Kontinuumsanteils der Strahlung eine so hohe Metallhalogenidkonzentration erforderlich wäre, daß infolge der hohen Wolframtransportraten eine sehr schnelle Korrosion der Elektroden auftreten würde. Hochbelastete Metallhalogenidlampen, wie sie z.B. in der GB-PS 11 09 135 beschrieben sind, erreichen daher typischerweise nur Lebensdauern von einigen hundert Stunden, während bei den Lampen nach der Erfindung Lebensdauern von mehr als 5000 Stunden bei fast konstanter Lichtausbeute (Δη <2 %) und fast völlig gleichbleibenden Farbkoordinaten (Δx, Δy < 0,005 während 5000 Stunden) erreicht werden konnten.The mercury vapor discharge lamps according to the invention contain no metal halide, since a metal halide concentration so high would be required for a significant increase in the continuum portion of the radiation that the electrodes would be very quickly corroded due to the high tungsten transport rates. Heavy-duty metal halide lamps, e.g. in GB-PS 11 09 135 are therefore typically only reach lifetimes of a few hundred hours, while in the lamps according to the invention lifetimes of more than 5000 hours with almost constant luminous efficacy (Δη <2%) and almost completely constant color coordinates ( Δx, Δy <0.005 during 5000 hours) could be achieved.

Die Lampen nach der Erfindung haben eine Farbtemperatur von mehr als 8000 K. Die Farbtemperatur und die Farb­wiedergabe können bei einer Entladungslampe nach der Erfindung dadurch weiter verbessert werden, daß die Lampe von einem Filter für den blauen Strahlungsanteil umgeben ist.The lamps according to the invention have a color temperature of more than 8000 K. The color temperature and the color rendering can be further improved in a discharge lamp according to the invention in that the lamp is surrounded by a filter for the blue radiation component.

In diesem Zusammenhang sei darauf hingewiesen, daß es aus der GB-PS 15 39 429 bekannt ist, bei Hochdruck-Queck­silberdampfentladungslampen mit Halogenidzusatz durch Verwendung eines Filters den Blauanteil der Strahlung zu reduzieren und somit eine Farbverbesserung der ausge­sandten Strahlung zu erreichen. Bei Quecksilberdampf­entladungslampen mit einem Quecksilberdampfdruck bis etwa 150 bar wäre ein derartiges Filter praktisch wirkungslos, da das emittierte Licht fast keinen Rotanteil besitzt. Das Spektrum der erfindungsgemäßen Lampe hat jedoch einen so hohen Anteil an kontinuierlicher roter Strahlung, daß mit Hilfe eines Filters für den blauen Strahlungsanteil bei einem Lichtverlust von nur 15 % die Emission von weißem Licht mit einer Farbtemperatur von etwa 5500 K und einem Farbwiedergabeindex von etwa 70 erreicht werden kann.In this context, it should be noted that it is known from GB-PS 15 39 429 to reduce the blue portion of the radiation in high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps with halide addition by using a filter and thus to achieve a color improvement in the emitted radiation. In the case of mercury vapor discharge lamps with a mercury vapor pressure of up to approximately Such a filter would be practically ineffective at 150 bar, since the emitted light has almost no red component. However, the spectrum of the lamp according to the invention has such a high proportion of continuous red radiation that with the aid of a filter for the blue radiation component, with a light loss of only 15%, the emission of white light with a color temperature of approximately 5500 K and a color rendering index of approximately 70 can be reached.

Einige Ausführungsbeispiele nach der Erfindung werden nunmehr anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Hochdruck-Quecksilberdampfentladungslampe mit einem ellipsoidförmigen Lampenkolben,
  • Fig. 2 eine Hochdruck-Quecksilberdampfentladungslampe mit einem zylindrischen Lampenkolben, der von einem mit einem Filter beschichteten Außenkolben umgeben ist,
  • Fig. 3 das ausgestrahlte Lichtspektrum einer Hochdruck-­Quecksilberdampfentladungslampe mit einem Quecksilber­dampfdruck größer als 200 bar und
  • Fig. 4 das Transmissionsspektrum eines bei der Lampe nach Fig. 2 verwendeten Filters.
Some embodiments according to the invention will now be described with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 is a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with an ellipsoidal lamp bulb,
  • 2 shows a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a cylindrical lamp bulb which is surrounded by an outer bulb coated with a filter,
  • 3 shows the emitted light spectrum of a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a mercury vapor pressure greater than 200 bar and
  • Fig. 4 shows the transmission spectrum of a filter used in the lamp of Fig. 2.

Die Hochdruck-Quecksilberdampfentladungslampe 1 nach Fig. 1 besitzt einen ellipsoidförmigen Lampenkolben 2 aus Quarzglas. An die Kolbenenden schließen sich zylindrische Quarzteile 3 und 4 an, in welche Molybdänfolien 5 und 6 vakuumdicht eingeschmolzen sind. Die inneren Enden der Molybdänfolien 5 und 6 sind mit Elektrodenstiften 7 und 8 aus Wolfram verbunden, welche Umwicklungen 9 und 10 aus Wolfram tragen. An die äußeren Enden der Molybdänfolien 5 und 6 schließen sich nach außen führende Stromzuführungs­drähte 11 und 12 aus Molybdän an.The high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp 1 according to FIG. 1 has an ellipsoidal lamp bulb 2 made of quartz glass. Cylindrical quartz parts 3 and 4 adjoin the piston ends, into which molybdenum foils 5 and 6 are melted in a vacuum-tight manner. The inner ends of the molybdenum foils 5 and 6 are connected to electrode pins 7 and 8 made of tungsten, which carry wraps 9 and 10 made of tungsten. The outer ends of the molybdenum foils 5 and 6 are connected to current supply wires 11 and 12 made of molybdenum.

Die Hochdruck-Quecksilberdampfentladungslampe 13 nach Fig. 2 ist ähnlich aufgebaut wie die Lampe nach Fig. 1. Der Lampenkolben 14 ist lediglich zylindrisch ausge­bildet. Die Lampe 13 ist von einem Außenkolben 15 aus Quarzglas umgeben, der auf der Innenseite mit einem Interferenzfilter 16 beschichtet ist. Dieses Filter 16 dient zur Verminderung der von der Lampe 13 ausgesandten blauen Strahlung.The high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp 13 according to FIG. 2 is constructed similarly to the lamp according to FIG. 1. The lamp bulb 14 is only cylindrical. The lamp 13 is surrounded by an outer bulb 15 made of quartz glass, which is coated on the inside with an interference filter 16. This filter 16 serves to reduce the blue radiation emitted by the lamp 13.

Es folgen die Daten einiger praktischer Ausführungs­beispiele:The data of some practical examples follow:

Lampe 1Lamp 1

Ellipsoidförmiger Lampenkolben nach Fig. 1 mit 1,8 mm Wandstärke. Die Innenabmessungen und Betriebsdaten betragen: Länge 7 mm Durchmesser 2,5 mm Kolbenvolumen 23 mm³ Elektrodenabstand 1,2 mm Füllung Quecksilber 6 mg Hg (0,261 mg/mm³) Halogen 5 x 10⁻⁶ µmol CH₂Br₂ (10⁻⁵ µmol Br/mm³) Betriebsdruck ca. 200 bar Leistung 50 W Brennspannung 76 V Lichtausbeute 58 lm/W Wandbelastung 1,30 W/mm² 1 with a wall thickness of 1.8 mm. The internal dimensions and operating data are: length 7 mm diameter 2.5 mm Piston volume 23 mm³ Electrode gap 1.2 mm filling mercury 6 mg Hg (0.261 mg / mm³) halogen 5 x 10⁻⁶ µmol CH₂Br₂ (10⁻⁵ µmol Br / mm³) operating pressure approx. 200 bar power 50 W. Burning voltage 76 V. Luminous efficacy 58 lm / W Wall load 1.30 W / mm²

Lampe 2Lamp 2

Ellipsoidförmiger Lampenkolben nach Fig. 1 mit 1,7 mm Wandstärke. Die Innenabmessungen und Betriebsdaten betragen: Länge 5 mm Durchmesser 2,5 mm Kolbenvolumen 16,5 mm³ Elektrodenabstand 1,0 mm Füllung Quecksilber 4 mg Hg (0,243 mg/mm³) Halogen 5 x 10⁻⁶ µmol/mm³ CH₂Br₂ Betriebsdruck ca. 220 bar Leistung 40 W Brennspannung 80 V Lichtausbeute 56 lm/W Wandbelastung 1,30 W/mm² 1 with 1.7 mm wall thickness. The internal dimensions and operating data are: length 5 mm diameter 2.5 mm Piston volume 16.5 mm³ Electrode gap 1.0 mm filling mercury 4 mg Hg (0.243 mg / mm³) halogen 5 x 10⁻⁶ µmol / mm³ CH₂Br₂ operating pressure approx. 220 bar power 40 W. Burning voltage 80 V Luminous efficacy 56 lm / W Wall load 1.30 W / mm²

Lampe 3Lamp 3

Zylindrischer Lampenkolben nach Fig. 2 mit 1,3 mm Wand­stärke ohne Außenkolben. Die Innenabmessungen und Betriebsdaten betragen: Länge 4 mm Durchmesser 1,5 mm Kolbenvolumen 7 mm³ Elektrodenabstand 1,0 mm Füllung Quecksilber 2,5 mg Hg (0,357 mg/mm³) Halogen 5 x 10⁻⁶ µmol/mm³ CH₂Br₂ Betriebsdruck 300 bar Leistung 30 W Brennspannung 92 V Lichtausbeute 60 lm/W Wandbelastung 1,36 W/mm² Cylindrical lamp bulb according to Fig. 2 with 1.3 mm wall thickness without outer bulb. The internal dimensions and operating data are: length 4 mm diameter 1.5 mm Piston volume 7 mm³ Electrode gap 1.0 mm filling mercury 2.5 mg Hg (0.357 mg / mm³) halogen 5 x 10⁻⁶ µmol / mm³ CH₂Br₂ operating pressure 300 bar power 30 W. Burning voltage 92 V. Luminous efficacy 60 lm / W Wall load 1.36 W / mm²

Die beschriebenen Lampen besitzen eine Farbtemperatur von mehr als 8000 K, die Farbwiedergabe ist jedoch gegenüber Lampen mit niedrigem Betriebsdruck wesentlich verbessert. So beträgt der Farbwiedergabeindex Ra für die drei soeben beschriebenen Lampen 51,5 , 55,2 und 61,6 , während mit ähnlichen Lampen mit einem Betriebsdruck von 150 bar nur ein Farbwiedergabeindex von wenig mehr als 45 erreicht wurde.The lamps described have a color temperature of more than 8000 K, but the color rendering is significantly improved compared to lamps with low operating pressure. The color rendering index R a for the three lamps 51.5, 55.2 and 61.6 just described is, while with similar lamps with an operating pressure of 150 bar only a color rendering index of a little more than 45 was achieved.

In Fig. 3 ist das von einer Lampe nach Beispiel 2 ausge­strahlte Lichtspektrum als Intensität I über der Wellen­länge λ dargestellt. Hieraus geht hervor, daß der Kontinuumsanteil der sichtbaren Strahlung bei etwa 50 % liegt.3 shows the light spectrum emitted by a lamp according to Example 2 as intensity I over the wavelength λ. This shows that the continuum portion of the visible radiation is about 50%.

Bei der Lampe nach Fig. 2 besteht das Interferenzfilter 16 z.B. aus einer alternierenden Schichtenfolge von mit ZrO₂ modifierziertem Titandioxid und amorphen Siliziumdioxid. Bei einem praktischen Ausführungsbeispiel hatte das verwendete Filter einen Transmissionsgrad Tr, wie er in Fig. 4 in Abhängigkeit von der Wellenlänge λ dargestellt ist. Dabei ergaben sich folgende lichttechnische Daten: ohne Filter: Farbtemperatur: 8580 K Farbwiedergabeindex: 55,2 Lichtausbeute: 56 lm/W mit Filter: Farbtemperatur: 5500 K Farbwiedergabeindex: 69,7 Lichtausbeute: 48 lm/W 2, the interference filter 16 consists, for example, of an alternating layer sequence of ZrO₂-modified titanium dioxide and amorphous silicon dioxide. In a practical embodiment, the filter used had a transmittance Tr, as shown in FIG. 4 as a function of the wavelength λ. The following lighting data resulted: without filter: Color temperature: 8580 K. Color rendering index: 55.2 Luminous efficacy: 56 lm / W with filter: Color temperature: 5500 K. Color rendering index: 69.7 Luminous efficacy: 48 lm / W

Hieraus geht hervor, daß durch das Interferenzfilter nicht nur die Farbtemperatur stark herabgesetzt wird, sondern sich gleichzeitig der Farbwiedergabeindex erheblich verbessert.From this it can be seen that the interference filter not only greatly reduces the color temperature, but at the same time the color rendering index improves considerably.

Gegenüber vergleichbaren hochbelasteten Metallhalogenid­lampen haben die erfindungsgemäßen Lampen zwar eine etwas geringere Lichtausbeute und beim Betrieb ohne Filter auch schlechtere Farbwiedergabeeigenschaften, zeichnen sich jedoch durch eine extrem gute Konstanz der licht­technischen Daten, eine während der Brenndauer fast unveränderbare Lichtausbeute und eine sehr hohe Lebens­dauer aus. Während mit hochbelasteten Metallhalogenid­lampen einige hundert Stunden Lebensdauer erreicht werden, zeigen die erfindungsgemäßen Lampen selbst nach einer Brenndauer von mehr als 5000 Stunden noch keine nennens­werten Veränderungen.Compared to comparable highly loaded metal halide lamps, the lamps according to the invention have a somewhat lower luminous efficiency and, when operated without a filter, also poorer color rendering properties, but are distinguished by extremely good constancy of the photometric data, an almost unchangeable luminous efficiency during the burning period and a very long service life. While a life span of several hundred hours can be achieved with highly loaded metal halide lamps, the lamps according to the invention do not show any noteworthy changes even after a burning time of more than 5000 hours.

Claims (3)

1. Hochdruck-Quecksilberdampfentladungslampe mit einem Kolben aus hochtemperaturfestem Material, der Elektroden aus Wolfram und eine Füllung enthält, die im wesentlichen aus Quecksilber, Edelgas und im Betriebszustand freiem Halogen besteht,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Quecksilbermenge größer als 0,2 mg/mm³, der Quecksilberdampfdruck größer als 200 bar und die Wandbelastung größer als 1 W/mm² ist und daß wenigstens eines der Halogene Cl, Br oder I in einer Menge zwischen 10⁻⁶ und 10⁻⁴ µmol/mm³ vorhanden ist.1. high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a bulb made of high-temperature-resistant material, which contains electrodes made of tungsten and a filling which essentially consists of mercury, noble gas and halogen free in the operating state,
characterized in that the amount of mercury is greater than 0.2 mg / mm³, the mercury vapor pressure is greater than 200 bar and the wall load is greater than 1 W / mm² and that at least one of the halogens Cl, Br or I in an amount between 10⁻⁶ and 10⁻⁴ µmol / mm³ is present. 2. Entladungslampe nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Quecksilbermenge zwischen 0,2 und 0,35 mg/mm³ und der Quecksilberdampfdruck im Betrieb zwischen 200 und 350 bar liegt.2. Discharge lamp according to claim 1,
characterized in that the amount of mercury is between 0.2 and 0.35 mg / mm³ and the mercury vapor pressure in operation is between 200 and 350 bar. 3. Entladungslampe nach einem der vorhergehenden An­sprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lampe vom einem Filter für den blauen Strahlungsanteil umgeben ist.3. Discharge lamp according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the lamp is surrounded by a filter for the blue radiation component.
EP89200974A 1988-04-21 1989-04-17 High pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp Expired - Lifetime EP0338637B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3813421A DE3813421A1 (en) 1988-04-21 1988-04-21 HIGH PRESSURE MERCURY VAPOR DISCHARGE LAMP
DE3813421 1988-04-21

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EP0338637A2 true EP0338637A2 (en) 1989-10-25
EP0338637A3 EP0338637A3 (en) 1991-04-03
EP0338637B1 EP0338637B1 (en) 1995-08-02

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EP (1) EP0338637B1 (en)
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KR (1) KR0129172B1 (en)
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BE666911A (en) * 1964-07-16 1966-01-14
US3714493A (en) * 1970-04-06 1973-01-30 Gen Electric Compact metal halide arc lamp containing primarily mercury iodide
FR2309974A1 (en) * 1975-04-30 1976-11-26 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh HIGH PRESSURE MERCURY STEAM DISCHARGE LAMP
DE8505119U1 (en) * 1985-02-22 1987-08-06 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh, 8000 Muenchen, De

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0576071A1 (en) * 1992-06-23 1993-12-29 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. High pressure mercury discharge lamp
US5497049A (en) * 1992-06-23 1996-03-05 U.S. Philips Corporation High pressure mercury discharge lamp
EP1107286A1 (en) * 1999-12-02 2001-06-13 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha High pressure mercury lamp
US6462471B1 (en) 1999-12-02 2002-10-08 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha High pressure mercury lamp provided with a sealing body made of a functional gradient material
EP1271595A1 (en) * 2001-06-13 2003-01-02 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Super-high pressure discharge lamp of the short arc type
US6762557B2 (en) 2001-06-13 2004-07-13 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Super-high pressure discharge lamp of the short arc type
US7348731B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2008-03-25 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. High-pressure gas discharge lamp with an asymmetrical discharge space
WO2007077506A3 (en) * 2006-01-03 2007-12-21 Philips Intellectual Property High-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp and method of manufacturing a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp
US7946899B2 (en) 2006-01-03 2011-05-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. High-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp and method of manufacturing a high-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp
WO2010112314A1 (en) * 2009-04-01 2010-10-07 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Electrical lamp having an outer bulb

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5109181A (en) 1992-04-28
KR0129172B1 (en) 1998-04-06
EP0338637A3 (en) 1991-04-03
HUT50530A (en) 1990-02-28
HU200519B (en) 1990-06-28
DD283875A5 (en) 1990-10-24
ES2076199T3 (en) 1995-11-01
JP2829339B2 (en) 1998-11-25
CN1024728C (en) 1994-05-25
CA1303663C (en) 1992-06-16
EP0338637B1 (en) 1995-08-02
DE58909367D1 (en) 1995-09-07
CN1037235A (en) 1989-11-15
JPH02148561A (en) 1990-06-07
DE3813421A1 (en) 1989-11-02
KR890016618A (en) 1989-11-29

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