EP0337461B1 - Roof ridge ventilating system - Google Patents

Abstract

The ridge ventilation consists of ventilating flaps (1) made in two symmetrical halves fixed to battens. Each half has a number of protrusions (12) forming openings (5) and recesses (6) staggered w.r.t. the position of the openings. The openings act as ventilating parts, and the recesses serve as supports for the ridge tiles (8), with longitudinal ribs (9) resting against the surface (14) of the recesses.

Description

The invention relates to a ridge ventilation system, consisting of ridges arranged one behind the other in the ridge longitudinal direction, which can be fixed to a ridge batten and which extend up to ridge connecting tiles and have bulges and air passage openings, as well as fan ridge caps made of plastic material which overlap these fan ridge caps and in the longitudinal direction, in particular, interlocked with each other, which are symmetrically symmetrical Fan ridge caps are supported.

A ridge ventilation system of this type is known from DE-C-33 17 291.

DE-A-35 11 798 shows a ridge ventilation on roofs, in which a ridge cover element has a ridge beam fastening area and a side section adjoining it on each side. In the side sections, groove-like depressions, which run alternately transversely to the ridge beam longitudinal extension, and webs which are raised in relation to these depressions are provided. Ventilation openings are formed in the webs. In the area of the ventilation openings, protrusions protruding upward are provided, on which a ridge tile can be supported. The air emerging from the ventilation openings from the bottom upwards can flow out laterally through the channel-like depressions adjacent to the ventilation openings.

From DE-U-87 12 892 a fan cap for ridge covers is known in which one side in addition to a ridge fastening area, the central area is provided with ventilation openings and in which an outer area of the fan cap adjoins the central area, in which support and air guiding elements protruding upward are formed.

A similarly designed fan cap for ridge covers is known from DE-U-85 27 095. This fan cap also has a central region which extends next to the ridge plate fastening region and is provided with ventilation openings and which is laterally adjoined by a side region provided with projections projecting upwards for supporting the ridge bricks.

The object of the invention is to design such a ridge ventilation system in such a way that, on the one hand, a stable support of the ridge tile is ensured with optimal application of force from the ridge tile to the fan ridge caps and, on the other hand, the best possible air circulation and in particular under the design and interaction of the fan ridge cap and ridge tile practically all occurring inflow conditions a pronounced vacuum generation and thus the best possible ridge ventilation is obtained.

This object is achieved according to the invention essentially in that the air passage openings formed by ridges open on the ridge tile side and the bulges offset to the outside at least in the transverse direction of the fan ridge cap are formed in a central region of the fan ridge caps located between a ridge fixing area and an edge area, and that of the fan ridge cap; the flow openings limited in the bulges and the ridge tiles have a free flow cross section which corresponds approximately to the free flow cross section of the air passage opening adjacent in each case on the ridge side, that the individual areas merge into one another via kinks and that the edge area rests on the respective ridge connection tiles.

The positioning of air passage openings and flow openings as well as their dimensioning and the design and arrangement of the bulges having the support and spoiler function create negative pressure conditions and the resulting flows, which always ensure the desired air circulation from the inside to the outside, even under conditions that are appropriate for them Air circulation per se is not very beneficial.

The air passage openings are preferably provided directly adjacent to the ridge fastening area, so that, for example, there is only a distance of about 5 mm between the ridge fastening area, which can also be referred to as a nail bar, and the adjacent edge of the air passage opening. This positioning makes it possible to achieve the highest possible negative pressure in practice. The equality of the free flow cross sections provided in the circulation path according to the invention enables largely laminar flows, which lead to particularly advantageous results in the overall function of the ridge ventilation system.

The air passage openings are preferably formed by protuberances which are open on the ridge tile side and which reliably prevent any undesired penetration of water.

The bulges serving to support the ridge tiles are preferably at least partially aligned with the air passage openings in the transverse direction of the fan ridge cap, with their dimension in the longitudinal direction of the fan ridge cap preferably being less than the corresponding dimension of the air passage opening. The air passage opening preferably has a substantially rectangular Cross-sectional shape, the longer side of this air passage opening extending in the longitudinal direction of the fan ridge cap. The bulges are preferably approximately cuboid in shape, the wall located on the edge area, which runs relatively steeply, being designed as an inflow wall with a spoiler function, flow stall effects occurring at the upper edge thereof, which lead to a pronounced generation of negative pressure. The upper edge of this bulge, which is adjacent to the respective air passage opening, additionally acts as a flow separation edge, the intermediate area between this flow separation edge and the adjacent protuberance being sufficient to promote the generation of negative pressure here as well.

Depending on the type of ridge connection tile present, the edge area of the fan ridge cap either comes into contact directly with these ridge connection tile or an elastic molded body is attached on its underside, by means of which the edge area is then supported with respect to the ridge connection tile. Since the introduction of pressure forces originating from the ridge tiles into the central area of the fan ridge caps, a force-transmitting kink is provided between the edge area and the central area, which makes it possible to transmit a sufficient pressing force to the edge area.

In order to generate a pronounced negative pressure in the ridge or ridge area of the respective roof, which is established in particular even with a low flow around it, and thereby to support the rear ventilation of the respective roof construction significantly, inflow elements having air separation edges on the outside or inside of the roof can be arranged by means of angled areas, approaches or hanging noses fixed under the brick or directly be connected or coupled with the respective cover cap.

Due to the flow separation achieved by means of the inflow elements, a pronounced negative pressure is generated in the ridge area, wherein the respective structural conditions can be taken into account in an advantageous manner, in particular by choosing the height of the inflow elements and the formation of one or more air separation edges on these inflow elements.

The inflow elements preferably enclose an angle in the range from 80 to 110 ° with the ridge connection tiles, wherein these inflow elements can be flat or at least angled towards the ridge in their free end region, these bends leading to the formation of additional flow separation edges.

The inflow elements are preferably fastened within the ridge tiles via mutually spaced hanging elements and the like, or are fixed to ridge or ridge sealing elements or are formed or connected in one piece to them.

According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inflow elements are essentially U-shaped in cross-section, the inner leg forming the fixing leg and the outer leg forming the inflow surface and the central region located between the two legs serving to accommodate the ridge tile edge regions.

It is particularly expedient to combine the inflow element, which is U-shaped in cross section, with a fan ridge cap, it being possible for an overall one-piece embodiment to be provided or to design the fan ridge cap and inflow element to be couplable. The detachable embodiment has the particular advantage that a specific configuration of a fan ridge cap can be combined with different inflow elements in order to achieve the desired optimum in terms of construction and function.

The coupling of the fan ridge cap and the inflow element can take place in various ways, either in the form of a fixed connection by welding, gluing, riveting and the like, or in the form of a detachable connection, in particular sliding guides, plug-in or hook-in connections, push-button connections or Velcro connections own.

According to a further advantageous embodiment variant of the invention, the inflow elements are arranged on the inside of the roof and in particular are designed such that they are fixed to the fan cap.

These inflow elements can either extend continuously over the entire length of the fan ridge cap or consist of individual sections which are each assigned to an air passage opening. The inflow elements have an angled shape in cross section and have at least one leg that at least partially covers the respectively assigned air passage opening at a distance. This covering is expediently chosen such that the respective air passage opening is covered at least half in plan view.
This protects the air outlet openings from undesired air currents directed into the roof interior, but it is achieved above all that vacuum effects in a pronounced form are also produced directly adjacent to these air outlet openings and thus a crucial requirement for the formation of vacuum in the ridge area takes place, which in turn is essential that the desired roof ventilation is obtained in the form of a flow directed from the inside out.

The combination of inflow elements located on the outside of the roof and inflow elements on the inside of the roof or formed on fan ridge caps can achieve an extremely surprising effect in that a flow directed outwards from the interior of the roof is achieved both on the windward side and on the leeward side, since the formation of negative pressure in the ridge area is promoted by the spoiler functions that even with a small flow around the ridge area and much more pronounced with a strong flow around the ridge area, very pronounced suction effects occur at all air passage openings leading to the roof interior.

A favorable effect on this desired flow pattern is that the flow on its way from the roof interior to the outside is only exposed to a minimum of deflections due to the formation of the fan ridge caps and thus only slight pressure losses occur.

The possibility of connecting the inflow elements and fan ridge caps in the form of detachable or fixed connections also makes it possible in practice to create a modular system by which the requirements which arise in practice can be taken into account in the best possible way.

Further particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Teil-Querschnittsdarstellung eines Firstentlüftungssystems nach der Erfindung mit einer ebenfalls schematisch dargestellten Draufsicht des Luftdurchlaßöffnungen und Ausbuchtungen aufweisenden Mittelbereichs der Lüfterfirstkappe,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung eines Firstbereichs mit außenliegenden Anströmelementen,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung einer Lüfterfirstkappenvariante mit integrierten Anströmelementen,

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Teildarstellung einer Lüfterfirstkappe mit außenliegendem Anströmelement, und

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Teildarstellung einer Lüfterfirstkappe mit innenliegenden Anströmelementen.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings using exemplary embodiments; in the drawing shows:

Fig. 1

2 shows a schematic partial cross-sectional illustration of a ridge ventilation system according to the invention with a plan view of the central region of the fan ridge cap, which also has a schematic illustration, of air passage openings and bulges,

Fig. 2

1 shows a schematic representation of a ridge area with external inflow elements,

Fig. 3

1 shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of a variant of a fan ridge cap with integrated inflow elements,

Fig. 4

a partial perspective view of a fan ridge cap with external flow element, and

Fig. 5

a partial perspective view of a fan ridge cap with internal flow elements.

In Fig. 1, the general reference numeral 1 denotes a fan ridge cap, which consists of plastic stiffness that can be predetermined and comprises a ridge fastening area 2, also known as a nail bar, a central area 3 and an edge area 4. The individual areas merge into one another via kinks.

The fan ridge cap 1 shown is of course only one half of an overall cap, it being possible for an overall cap to be formed in one piece.

In the central area 3, air passage openings 5 are formed directly adjacent to the ridge fastening area 2. These air passage openings 5, which are preferably rectangular in cross section, are formed by protuberances 12 open on the ridge tile side, the height of which is somewhat less than the height of bulges 6 which are also located in the central region 3 and on which the ridge tiles 8 are preferably supported by in particular continuous longitudinal webs 9. The ridge tile 8 can also be equipped with cross stiffening webs 10.

The protuberances 12 and the bulges 6 are spaced apart from one another and, if appropriate, connected to one another by a stiffening web 11 of comparatively low height. When viewed in the longitudinal direction of the fan ridge cap 1, the bulges 6 have a somewhat smaller width than the air passage openings 5, and they are expediently arranged in the center with respect to these air passage openings 5.

Two adjacent bulges 6, together with the central region 3 of the fan ridge cap 1 and the longitudinal web 9 supported on the bulges 6, delimit throughflow openings 11 ', the free cross section of these throughflow openings preferably being approximately equal to the free flow cross section of the air passage openings 5 defined by the protuberances 12.

The relatively steep surface 14 of the bulges 6 on the edge region forms an inflow surface which has a spoiler function, flow stall effects occurring at the boundary edges of this inflow surface 14, which contribute to the formation of negative pressure and promote and promote an inside-out flow through the through openings 5. Defined flow conditions are also achieved in that the air passage openings 5 are located entirely within the area delimited by the ridge tile webs 9.

The kink 13 between the central region 3 and the edge region 4 of the fan ridge cap 1 is designed such that sufficient force transmission from the bulges 6 to this edge region 4 is possible in order to fit this edge region 4 tightly or an elastic one attached to the underside of this edge region 4 Ensure molded body 7 on the respective ridge connection tiles. The elastic molded body 7 which may be used can have a triangular or parallelogram-like shape in cross-section, the cross-sectional shape being selected as a function of the type of ridge connecting tile.

At the free end of the edge area 4 there is a strip-shaped inflow spoiler 16 which extends over the length of the cap and which contributes significantly to the increase in negative pressure due to stall effects which occur at its free edge. The interaction of this inflow spoiler 16 with the bulges 6 and the protuberances 12 has a surprising and unexpectedly advantageous effect in practice with regard to the air suction effects that can be achieved.

Fig. 2 shows schematically the arrangement of an inflow element 20 in the area between the ridge tiles 21 and the ridge connection tiles 22. In this embodiment variant, the inflow element is approximately U-shaped in cross section, the inner leg 27 serving as a fastening leg and in a manner not shown can be connected to existing components or components of the ridge construction located within the ridge tile 21. The outer leg 28 represents the actual inflow surface. The two legs 27, 28 are connected to one another via a leg 29 forming the bottom, 21 air passage openings 25 being present between this leg 29 and the ridge tiles.

Support elements 32 for the fan ridge tiles 21 can be formed on the connecting leg 29. In addition, measures in the form of holes, slots and the like have been taken to allow water to drain from the channel-like structure.

The outer leg 28 forming the inflow surface can be provided at its free end with an angled portion 26, which is inclined differently with respect to the inflow surface, as was indicated by the broken line in FIG. 2. In this way, particularly favorable stall conditions can be created.

For the purpose of increasing the stability, the inflow element 20 can be equipped with attachment elements 24 in the form of a web, by means of which elements are supported on the ridge connection tiles.

The sectional view according to FIG. 3 shows different variants of a possible combination of inflow elements with fan ridge caps.

In the left half of the fan ridge cap 33 shown, two variants of inflow elements 20 are shown, which are assigned to a ventilation opening 25, which is attached to the top of a protuberance. The inflow elements consist of angled parts, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the fan ridge cap 20, are fastened directly adjacent to the ventilation openings 25 and extend over the ventilation openings 25, the distance between the ventilation opening 25 and the overlapping leg of the inflow element being freely selectable and that optimal distance can be determined in particular by appropriate flow tests.

These inflow elements have tear-off edges 23, which in operation are the cause of a negative pressure generation, which in turn leads to the fact that a flow directed outward from the roof interior through the openings 25 can be achieved.

While the element shown in the left part of the fan ridge cap 25 as a fixedly attached inflow element is provided with two tear-off edges 23, the alternatively provided inflow element then only has an approximately right-angled kink at the fastening area.

In the right part of FIG. 3, a variant of a fan ridge cap is shown, which is equipped in the edge area with bumps 31 for supporting ridge tiles and which can be equipped with a sealing element 35 on the underside of the edge area.

Between the ventilation openings 25 and the bumps 31, an inflow element 20 with an air separation edge 23 is provided. This inflow element has an L-shaped shape in cross section, one leg forming the inflow surface and the other leg serving for fastening purposes.

Instead of this flow element 20, which is L-shaped in cross section, it is also possible to use the schematically indicated design variants which cover the respectively assigned ventilation openings 25 by half or more and are optionally provided with additional air separation edges 23.

As an alternative or in addition to the inflow elements located within the ridge tiles and directly assigned to the ventilation openings 25, externally located inflow elements 20 can also be used, which can be coupled or fixedly connected to the fan ridge cap 33.

These inflow elements 20 have an approximately U-shaped structure in cross section, the inner fastening leg 27 being connected to the fan ridge cap 33 and the outer leg 28 forming the inflow surface with tear-off edge 23. Water passage openings 30 are formed in the middle leg 29.

The perspective view according to FIG. 4 shows the combination of a fan ridge cap 33 with ridge tile support elements 31 with an inflow element 20 which is approximately U-shaped in cross section, the associated ridge tiles engaging in the U profile and the outside inflow surface having the tear-off edge 23 via the outside of the roof protrudes. This inflow element 20 can be molded directly onto the fan ridge cap 33, but expediently it is a separate part that can be glued, welded, riveted or otherwise permanently connected to the fan ridge cap 33 as required. It is also possible to use the support elements 31 for coupling purposes, in which case the inner leg of the inflow element 20 is made longer and provided with corresponding openings through which the support elements 31 can pass.

5 shows a perspective partial view of an embodiment with inflow elements 20 located within the ridge tile, which, starting from a common fastening leg 36 extending over the length of the fan ridge cap 33, each extend at least in regions over the associated air passage openings 25 in the air ridge cap 33. In this way, on the one hand, they protect the ventilation passage openings 25 from currents which disrupt the build-up of vacuum and, on the other hand, because of the tear-off edges 23, they produce vacuum areas which cause the Effect or at least favor flow from the inside out.

It is also common to all design variants that the inflow elements simultaneously form protective elements against driving rain and flying snow and make a decisive contribution to the formation of negative pressure in the ridge area.

Claims (17)

1. A ridge ventilation system comprising ventilating ridge members (1) made of plastic material arranged in series in the longitudinal direction of the ridge, fastenable to a ridge batten, extending to the ridge attachment tiles and having protrusions (6) and air passage apertures (5), and ridge tiles (8, 9) overlapping these ventilating ridge members (1), which ridge tiles are supported symmetrically with respect to their centres on the protrusions on the ventilating ridge members (1), and which in particular interlock with each other in the longitudinal direction, characterised in that the air passage apertures (5) formed from protuberances (12) open on the side of the ridge tiles, and the protrusions (6) which are outwardly displaced with respect to the air passage apertures at least in the transverse direction of the ventilating ridge member (1), are formed in a central region (3) of the ventilating ridge member (1) disposed between a ridge batten fastening region (2) and an edge region (4), that the flow apertures (11') bounded by the ventilating ridge member (1), the protrusions (6) and the ridge tiles (8, 9) have a clear flow cross-section which approximately corresponds to the clear flow cross-section of each adjacent air passage aperture (5) on the ridge side, that the individual regions (2, 3, 4) extend into each other via bends, and that the edge region (4) adjoins the respective ridge attachment tiles.
2. A ridge ventilation system according to Claim 1, characterised in that the air passage apertures (5) are provided immediately adjacent to the ridge batten fastening region (2).
3. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the protrusions (6) are at least partially centrally aligned with the air passage apertures (5) in the transverse direction of the ventilating ridge member (1), wherein the dimension of the protrusions in the longitudinal direction of the ventilating ridge member (1) is less than the corresponding dimension of the air passage aperture (5).
4. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the air passage aperture (5) has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, wherein the longer side of this aperture extends in the longitudinal direction of the ventilating ridge member (1), and that the protuberance (12) which delimits the air passage aperture (5) is attached to the protrusion (6) associated with it via a stabilising web (11).
5. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the protrusions (6) are formed as right parallelepipeds and at least the peripheral surface (14) on the edge side forms a flow impingement spoiler to generate a reduction in pressure.
6. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in than a shaped body (7) made of non-rigid resilient material, particularly of foamed material, is fastened to the underside of the edge region (4), and a load-transferring bend (13) is formed between the edge region (4) and the central region (3).
7. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the ridge tiles (8) are supported on the protrusions (6) by means of spacers (9), particularly continuous spacers, extending in the longitudinal direction, and are provided with stiffening ribs (10) running in the transverse direction.
8. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that a lath-shaped flow impingement spoiler (16), which extends at least substantially over the length of the members, is provided on the edge region (4), particularly at its outer end.
9. A ridge ventilation system according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterised in that flow impingement elements (20) having air-flow spoiler edges are disposed on the outside of the roof, and are fixed in engagement under the tiles by means of bent-up angled regions, projections, suspension lugs (2) or the like.
10. A ridge ventilation system according to Claim 9, characterised in that the flow impingement elements (20) are disposed in the region between the ridge tiles (21) and the ridge attachment tiles (22) and that the included angle between the flow impingement elements (20) and the ridge attachment tiles (22) is in the range from 80° to 100°.
11. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the region of the flow impingement elements (20) projecting beyond the tiles has at least one bent portion (26) directed towards the ridge.
12. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the flow impingement elements (20) are formed substantially U-shaped in cross-section, wherein the inner limb (27) forms the fixing limb and the outer limb (28) forms the flow impingement surface, and the central region (29) between the two limbs serves to receive the edge regions of the ridge tiles (21), wherein in particular the connecting limb forming the central region (29) is provided with water discharge apertures (30).
13. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the inner limb (27) of the flow impingement element (20) which is formed at least substantially U-shaped in cross-section forms a continuation of the lateral edge region of a ventilating ridge member (33).
14. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the inner limb (27) is particular is bent and is provided with openings for the passage of support elements (31) formed on the ventilating ridge member.
15. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the flow impingement elements (20) are disposed on the inside of the roof and in particular are formed fixed to the ventilating element, that the flow impingement elements (20) extend at least substantially over the entire length of the respective ventilating ridge member (33) and are fastened between the edge region of the ventilating ridge members, which in particular is provided with support elements (31) for ridge tiles (21), and the air passage apertures (25) inside.
16. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the flow impingement elements (20) comprise individual sections, each of which is associated with an air passage aperture (25).
17. A ridge ventilation system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that one free end of the flow impingement elements (20), which at least partially overlaps the air passage apertures (25), is bent upwards.

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