EP0336197A2 - Targetted discharge of dosed quantities of solid materials contained in a gas using a venturi nozzle and a control device for regulating it - Google Patents
Targetted discharge of dosed quantities of solid materials contained in a gas using a venturi nozzle and a control device for regulating it Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0336197A2 EP0336197A2 EP89104987A EP89104987A EP0336197A2 EP 0336197 A2 EP0336197 A2 EP 0336197A2 EP 89104987 A EP89104987 A EP 89104987A EP 89104987 A EP89104987 A EP 89104987A EP 0336197 A2 EP0336197 A2 EP 0336197A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- venturi nozzle
- nozzle
- valve
- chamber
- homogenization
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 10
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001425718 Vagrans egista Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008298 dragée Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004924 electrostatic deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002663 nebulization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/0005—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing for briquetting presses
- B30B15/0011—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing for briquetting presses lubricating means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/02—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery
- B05B12/06—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery for effecting pulsating flow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
- B05B12/12—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
- B05B12/126—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to target velocity, e.g. to relative velocity between spray apparatus and target
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S426/00—Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
- Y10S426/811—Utilizing surface parting, antistick or release agent
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and device for the targeted delivery of metered amounts of finely divided solids with one or more venturi nozzles with controlled control for the purpose of applying lubricant or separating agent to the claimed surfaces of pressing tools in tableting machines or for applying finely divided solids to solid carrier materials especially in the pharmaceutical, food or catalyst sector.
- the task is to deliver powdered or finely divided solids in a targeted manner and in metered individual quantities, that is to say in the form of powder packets of a defined size, clocked to passing carriers.
- a carrier z. B. in the food sector bakeware or chocolates in question, which are to be charged with a powdery material; in the pharmaceutical and catalyst sector, z. B. Compresses with separating layers;
- powdered lubricants to the mechanically stressed surfaces of pressing tools for tableting granules is particularly interesting when it comes to applying this in a targeted manner to specific zones of these pressing tools but also in a quantity-defined manner.
- US Pat. No. 4,323,530 describes a method for compressing granules into tablets, dragee cores and the like, in which a specific amount of lubricant in liquid or suspended form is applied to the stressed zones of the pressing tools before each pressing operation by means of an intermittently operating nozzle system becomes.
- This type of lubrication allows the granules to be compressed to have no lubricant, e.g. B. magnesium stearate, more must be added; this leads, for example, to drugs with a significantly improved bioavailability of the active ingredient contained therein. Since a sparingly soluble lubricant such as a solvent such as water or lower alcohol. B.
- magnesium stearate can only be applied to the press zones in the desired or required amount if larger volumes of these solutions are sprayed or spotted onto the surfaces, there has been a need to be able to apply such lubricants in powder form to the zones in question .
- this type of coating with lubricants was not used in the technology of tablet production and differs fundamentally from a specific application bring lubricants to certain zones of the pressing tools but also to certain zones of carrier materials, as are common in the pharmaceutical, food or catalyst sector.
- US Pat. No. 3,461,195 describes a device for lubricating dies using powdered lubricants. Compressed air is pressed by means of a valve in a tank filled with the powdered lubricant and the powder-air mixture is blown into a lubrication chamber on the tabletting shoe. This device is only designed for slow-running eccentric presses and cannot be transferred to modern rotary presses.
- Japanese patent specification 20 103/73 describes the coating of the surfaces of pressing tools in tabletting machines with a powder-air mixture.
- a powder-air mixture cone is released at the outlet openings directed onto the pressing tools and the distribution to the upper and lower punches is adjusted via a throttle valve.
- a strong air flow is required to avoid blockages in the supply system and in the valve.
- the resulting nebulization of the lubricant-air mixture in the area of the punches and dies, which lead to soiling not only of the pressing tools and their slide bearings but also of the tablet plate, is combated by attaching guide plates and a suction device.
- the invention consists of a method for the controlled release of metered amounts of finely divided solids for the purpose of the targeted application of z. B. lubricants or release agents on the claimed surfaces of pressing tools in tableting machines or solids on solid substrates, eg. B. in the pharmaceutical, food or catalyst sector.
- the method according to the invention consists in that the powdery solid to be applied is first homogenized and then sucked in by means of one or more Venturi nozzles via a gaseous means of transport and transported in a targeted manner and in metered amounts to the desired object sliding past, for which purpose the means of transport is through one or more valves is synchronized with the clock number of the objects presented.
- the invention also relates to devices for carrying out the method.
- the substance to be applied is sucked in by means of one or more Venturi nozzles through a gaseous means of transport and released through the openings of these nozzles to the object to be acted upon in a targeted and quantified manner, the means of transport being clocked by a valve in synchronism with the number of objects passed by; the venturi nozzle and the controlled activation allow the targeted and quantified release of the substances to be applied.
- Compressed air or other gases, such as nitrogen, are suitable as gaseous means of transport.
- the means of transport are controlled by one or more valves, the actuation of which is triggered electronically, mechanically or pneumatically.
- the triggering of the valve or valves depends on the frequency and speed with which the objects to be charged pass the outlet openings of the venturi nozzle or nozzles.
- sensors the approach of the pressing tools to a control device that opens the valve or valves for the means of transport for a short time, the now flowing means of transport in the venturi nozzle a defined amount of the powder-gas mixture containing the substance to be acted upon , e.g. B.
- the targeted application of the mixture takes place through the synchronization of the pulses and through the geometry of the nozzle openings, which, for. B. can be slit-shaped or oval or z. B. can also take the form of an eight.
- a rotary slide valve as a valve, which bears against the inlet of the Venturi nozzle and interacts with it functionally.
- the rotary slide valve which bears against an axis and is actuated by it in a controlled manner, serves as a compressed air valve for the venturi nozzle or nozzles, which is or are stationarily arranged directly behind the rotary slide valve.
- the negative pressure generated by the Venturi nozzle sucks the powder-gas mixture, e.g. B. powder-air mixture, while the transport jet, z. B. air jet, the Venturi nozzle simultaneously accelerates the mixture to an outlet opening and thus in the direction of the surfaces to be acted upon.
- the Venturi nozzle is directly in front of the surface to be acted upon, e.g. B. a dosage form, a stamp and a matrix in a tableting machine.
- a calming zone or a calming tube behind the Venturi nozzle.
- a deflection device can also be attached in this calming tube, which deflects the generated, pulsed beam in the direction of the objects to be acted upon.
- a punctiform or line-shaped coating or loading of the objects can be achieved if the outlet opening is designed as a hole.
- a square or rectangular action on the corresponding surfaces of the passing object can be achieved if the outlet opening is in the form of a gap which can be more or less elongated.
- the compressed air for the Venturi nozzle is fed via a microdosing valve depending on the frequency and the speed at which the objects are guided past the nozzle opening, that is to say e.g. B. the tablet press.
- a microdosing valve depending on the frequency and the speed at which the objects are guided past the nozzle opening, that is to say e.g. B. the tablet press.
- the rotary valve takes over this task; for this purpose, the number of revolutions of the axis on which the rotary slide sits is linked to the frequency and speed at which the objects are guided past the nozzle opening.
- the finely divided solid is processed into a homogeneous powder-gas mixture in a homogenization chamber which is connected upstream of the Venturi nozzle.
- the preparation and homogeneous distribution of the powder particles in the gas is carried out with the aid of an agitator and / or a fluidized bed, the powder-gas mixture to be transported being passed through a sieve before being sucked into the venturi nozzle, where larger particles are caused by the action of a streamer be grated on this sieve.
- a metering unit connected upstream of the homogenization is proportionally coupled to the number of cycles of the valve or valves in order to predose the finely divided solid, the transmission ratio, ie. H. the ratio of the throughput of the metering unit to the number of cycles of the valve, which must be adapted to the type of powder material, can be freely selected and is set individually.
- the solid lubricant e.g. B. magnesium stearate
- a stirrer possibly installed in front of the dosing screw factory crushes the lubricant so that it can be transported through the dosing screw.
- the dosing screw is driven by a motor, the revolutions of which depend on the speed of the tablet press and the desired dosing quantity.
- the dosing screw which also makes an axial movement, transports the lubricant into a homogenization chamber e.g. B. Swirl Chamber.
- the fluidized bed is generated by compressed air which is supplied to the bottom of the vortex chamber.
- the amount of air to generate the fluidized bed is adjustable.
- a motor-driven agitator in the swirl chamber prevents the formation of lumps.
- the lubricant powder-air mixture is sucked in and accelerated, and through the outlet opening of the Venturi nozzle as a smaller or larger powder packet corresponding to the length of the air pulse the object to be loaded, here to certain zones of the punches and dies, shot down.
- the amount of solids required for the lubrication of the pressing tools generally varying between 0.01 and 2 mg per tablet (depending on the tablet size and the type of the lubricant).
- the pre-metering is carried out via a metering device (e.g. a micro-metering device from Gericke) which, with the aid of a stirring blade, always delivers a certain amount of the lubricant powder to a rotor which is provided with one or more grooves.
- a metering device e.g. a micro-metering device from Gericke
- a scraper engaging in these grooves releases the powder into a homogenization chamber; the dosage can be in wide ranges from z. B. 13 to 9600 ml / hour can be set exactly.
- an agitator e.g. B. housed in the form of wings wound around an axis.
- the chamber used to process the lubricant powder is delimited by a sieve at its outlet part, on which a spreader rotates, which grinds larger agglomerates; this spreader can be attached to the axis that carries the wings in the chamber, but it can also be synchronized with the frequency of the venturi nozzle. While the stirrer in this chamber prevents solids from settling and the formation of agglomerates, the spreader brushes the solid through the sieve, so it doses the powder into the adjacent space and prevents the powder from caking on the surface of the sieve.
- the negative pressure generated by the Venturi nozzle sucks in the coated solid from the space adjacent to the underside of the sieve, while the air jet from the Venturi nozzle accelerates the solid-air mixture to the outlet openings.
- the powder packets resulting from the clocking of the air jet reach the surfaces of the pressing tools, which have to be coated.
- the powder is first pre-metered and fed in this form to a homogenization chamber for the preparation of a powder-gas mixture.
- a homogenization chamber for the preparation of a powder-gas mixture.
- an agitator for. B. in the form of inclined wings, which can also take the form of a stirring screw, the axis of this agitator being driven by a motor with a continuously variable speed.
- an inner shaft attached in it continues to the Venturi nozzle, which is here directly coupled to a rotary slide valve; the shaft rests on the actual rotary slide element of this valve.
- PID proportional-integral-differential
- the agitator prevents solids from settling and the formation of agglomerates in the homogenization chamber.
- a sieve separates the homogenization chamber from the feed into the Venturi nozzle.
- a spreader mounted on the inner shaft sweeps the solid through the sieve and also prevents the powder from caking on the surface of the sieve.
- the task of the agitator-spreader combination is to compensate for any fluctuations in the pre-metering and to generate a homogeneous lubricant powder-air mixture.
- the rotary valve attached to the inner shaft after the screen serves as a compressed air valve for the venturi nozzle, which is located directly behind the rotary valve.
- the vacuum generated by the Venturi nozzle sucks in the coated powder-gas mixture, the air jet from the Venturi nozzle accelerates the powder-gas mixture to the outlet openings and to the surfaces to be coated.
- the invention also relates to the devices for the controlled release of metered amounts of finely divided solids.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 which in exemplary form represent a schematic cross section through the devices according to the invention.
- Figures 1 and 2 show a Venturi nozzle (1), consisting of one or more air nozzles A in connection with one or more mixing chambers B and one or more mixture nozzles C, one or more to the Venturi nozzles closing suction channels (2), which are connected to a homogenization chamber (7) and a sieve (6), a propellant line (3), which connects a valve (4) to a venturi nozzle (1), a compressed gas connection (5),
- a sieve (6) can be present between the intake duct (2) and a homogenization chamber (7), which is connected to a metering unit (8), the latter also being able to be fitted directly in or in front of the homogenization chamber, a sensor ( 9) for generating signals in connection with a controller (10) which actuates or regulates the valve (4) and the manipulated variables of the metering unit (8).
- the metered material exits the mixture nozzle C as a powder-air mixture in the form of powder packets (27).
- the venturi nozzle (1) which in turn consists of one or more air nozzles A, one or more mixing chambers B and one or more mixture nozzles C, has a rotary slide valve (11) on its inlet side, which is connected to an axis (12 ) is fixed, the axis (12) being driven by a motor M synchronously as a function of the number of nozzle openings (13) to the required speed; as an advantageous embodiment, a calming tube (14) adjoins the mixture nozzle or nozzles C, at the end of which the metered material emerges as a powder-air mixture in the form of powder packets (27) through a slot-shaped opening (15).
- the opening (15) can be made in the extension of the axis (12), but it can also be a deflection device (16) on the axis (12) or on its own axis in the extension of the axis (12) or rigid at the end of the Sit on the calming tube (14), which deflects the dosed material at right angles.
- a template (17) can be attached in front of the outlet opening, which ensures a geometrically modulated application of the material to the zones to be loaded.
- the outlet opening C of the venturi nozzle can be designed as a membrane piston which, due to its inherent elasticity, can be moved axially back and forth. By moving it at regular intervals, it prevents the accumulation of disturbing deposits of the transported goods in the area of the outlet opening of the Venturi nozzle.
- brush or wiping elements can be arranged on the axis (12) in area B of the venturi nozzle offset from the rotary slide bores (13) and in the same way in the area of the calming tube (14), which elements can be attached to the prevent goods to be transported in these areas.
- the homogenization chamber (7) is either used with the aid of a metering roller (19) as an element of a microdosing device (e.g. device from Gericke) or a single- or twin-shaft metering screw (20) or a conveyor belt (21) or a spreader (26) with sieve (6), which serve as dosing units, are charged with the powdery material.
- the manipulated variable of these metering units is controlled via the number of cycles of the nozzle or nozzles in such a way that the amount of powder to be introduced into the homogenization chamber (7) is in a selectable ratio to the number of cycles.
- the homogenization chamber (7) can also be designed as a fluidized bed chamber (23) and / or have an agitator (24) suitable for homogenization;
- the homogenization of the goods can also be achieved directly or alternatively by means of a suitable air duct (25).
- the template (17) itself can form the outlet opening (15) at the end of the calming tube (14), thus representing an extension of the latter; the template (17) can also be arranged rotatably, its drive again being regulated by the controller (10) and being synchronous with the number of cycles.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
- Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur gezielten Abgabe dosierter Mengen von feinverteilten Feststoffen mit einer oder mehreren Venturi-Düsen mit geregelter Ansteuerung zum Zwecke der Schmiermittel- bzw. Trennmittelaufbringung auf die beanspruchten Flächen von Preßwerkzeugen in Tablettiermaschinen oder zur Aufbringung von feinverteilten Feststoffen auf feste Trägermaterialen insbesondere im Arzneimittel-, Lebensmittel- oder Katalysatorbereich.The invention relates to a method and device for the targeted delivery of metered amounts of finely divided solids with one or more venturi nozzles with controlled control for the purpose of applying lubricant or separating agent to the claimed surfaces of pressing tools in tableting machines or for applying finely divided solids to solid carrier materials especially in the pharmaceutical, food or catalyst sector.
Die Aufgabe besteht darin, pulverförmige bzw. feinverteilte Feststoffe in gezielter Weise und in dosierten Einzelmengen, also gleichsam in Form von Pulverpaketen definierter Größe, getaktet an vorbeigleitende Träger abzugeben. Als Träger kommen z. B. im Lebensmittelbereich Backformen oder Pralinen in Frage, die mit einem pulverförmigen Material zu beaufschlagen sind; im Arzneimittel- und Katalysatorenbereich lassen sich auf diese Weise z. B. Komprimate mit Trennschichten versehen; besonders interessant ist aber die Möglichkeit, pulverförmige Schmierstoffe auf die mechanisch beanspruchten Flächen von Preßwerkzeugen zur Tablettierung von Granulaten aufzubringen wenn es darum geht, dieses Aufbringen sowohl in gezielter Weise auf bestimmte Zonen dieser Preßwerkzeuge aber auch in mengenmäßig definierter Weise vorzunehmen.The task is to deliver powdered or finely divided solids in a targeted manner and in metered individual quantities, that is to say in the form of powder packets of a defined size, clocked to passing carriers. As a carrier z. B. in the food sector bakeware or chocolates in question, which are to be charged with a powdery material; in the pharmaceutical and catalyst sector, z. B. Compresses with separating layers; However, the possibility of applying powdered lubricants to the mechanically stressed surfaces of pressing tools for tableting granules is particularly interesting when it comes to applying this in a targeted manner to specific zones of these pressing tools but also in a quantity-defined manner.
Durch die US-PS 4.323.530 wird ein Verfahren zur Verpreßung von Granulaten zu Tabletten, Dragéekernen und dergleichen beschrieben, bei welchem vor jedem Preßvorgang auf die beanspruchten Zonen der Preßwerkzeuge ein bestimmter Betrag an Schmiermittel in flüssiger oder suspendierter Form mittels eines intermittierend arbeitetenden Düsensystems aufgetragen wird. Diese Art der Schmierung erlaubt es, daß dem zu verpressenden Granulat kein Schmiermittel, z. B. Magnesiumstearat, mehr beigegeben werden muß; dies führt beispielsweise zu Arzneimitteln mit einer wesentlich verbesserten Bioverfügbarkeit des darin enthaltenen Wirkstoffes. Da ein in einem Lösungsmittel, wie Wasser oder niederer Alkohol, schwerlösliches Schmiermittel, wie z. B. Magnesiumstearat, sich in der gewünschten bzw. erforderlichen Menge nur dann auf die Preßzonen aufbringen läßt, wenn man größere Volumenmengen dieser Lösungen auf die Flächen aufsprüht oder aufpunktet, hat sich das Bedürfnis ergeben, solche Schmiermittel in Pulverform auf die betreffenden Zonen auftragen zu können.US Pat. No. 4,323,530 describes a method for compressing granules into tablets, dragee cores and the like, in which a specific amount of lubricant in liquid or suspended form is applied to the stressed zones of the pressing tools before each pressing operation by means of an intermittently operating nozzle system becomes. This type of lubrication allows the granules to be compressed to have no lubricant, e.g. B. magnesium stearate, more must be added; this leads, for example, to drugs with a significantly improved bioavailability of the active ingredient contained therein. Since a sparingly soluble lubricant such as a solvent such as water or lower alcohol. B. magnesium stearate, can only be applied to the press zones in the desired or required amount if larger volumes of these solutions are sprayed or spotted onto the surfaces, there has been a need to be able to apply such lubricants in powder form to the zones in question .
In diesem Zusammenhang war ein Verfahren (DE-A-2 456 298) zur Beschichtung von Formen für Rohlinge mittels eines Luft-Schmiermittel-Gemisches bekannt, bei welchem das Schmiermittel als ein trockenes Pulver so gestaltet war, daß es elektrisch aufgeladen werden konnte, um in diesem Zustand unter Benutzung einer Einspritzvorrichtung elektrostatisch an den Innenwänden einer Form abgelagert zu werden. Die Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens verlangt sehr hohe konstruktive Erfordernisse bei der Herstellung einer entsprechenden Presse. Das elektrostatische Ablagern hat zudem einen sehr hohen Verschmutzungsgrad der Umgebung der Preßwerkzeuge durch unvermeidbare statische Aufladungen auch dieser Teile und des Granulatstaubes zur Folge. Diese Art der Beschichtung mit Schmiermitteln fand aus diesen und anderen Gründen keinen Eingang in die Technik der Tablettenherstellung und unterscheidet sich grundsätzlich von einem gezielten Auf bringen von Schmiermitteln auf bestimmte Zonen der Preßwerkzeuge aber auch auf bestimmte Zonen von Trägermaterialien, wie sie im Arzneimittel-, Lebensmittel- oder Katalysatorbereich üblich sind.In this connection, a method (DE-A-2 456 298) for coating molds for blanks by means of an air-lubricant mixture was known, in which the lubricant was designed as a dry powder so that it could be electrically charged in order to to be electrostatically deposited on the inner walls of a mold in this condition using an injector. The implementation of such a process requires very high design requirements when producing a corresponding press. Electrostatic deposition also results in a very high degree of contamination of the surroundings of the pressing tools due to the inevitable static charging of these parts and the granulate dust. For this and other reasons, this type of coating with lubricants was not used in the technology of tablet production and differs fundamentally from a specific application bring lubricants to certain zones of the pressing tools but also to certain zones of carrier materials, as are common in the pharmaceutical, food or catalyst sector.
Durch die US-Patentschrift Nr. 3 461 195 wird eine Vorrichtung zum Schmieren von Matrizen mittels pulverförmiger Schmiermittel beschrieben. Mittels eines Ventils wird komprimierte Luft in einem mit dem pulverförmigen Schmiermittel gefüllten Tank gepreßt und das Pulver-Luft-Gemisch in eine Schmierkammer am Tablettierschuh geblasen. Diese Vorrichtung ist nur für langsam laufende Exzenterpressen konzipiert und läßt sich auf moderne Rundläufer-Pressen nicht übertragen.US Pat. No. 3,461,195 describes a device for lubricating dies using powdered lubricants. Compressed air is pressed by means of a valve in a tank filled with the powdered lubricant and the powder-air mixture is blown into a lubrication chamber on the tabletting shoe. This device is only designed for slow-running eccentric presses and cannot be transferred to modern rotary presses.
In der japanischen Patentschrift 20 103/73 wird das Beschichten der Oberflächen von Preßwerkzeugen bei Tablettiermaschinen mit einem Pulver-Luft-Gemisch beschrieben. An auf die Preßwerkzeuge gerichteten Austrittsöffnungen wird ein Pulver-Luft-Gemischkegel freigesetzt und die Verteilung auf die Ober- und Unterstempel über ein Drosselventil eingestellt. Zur Vermeidung von Verstopfungen in dem Zuleitungssystem und im Ventil wird ein starker Luftstrom benötigt. Hierbei auftretende Vernebelungen des Schmiermittel-Luft-Gemisches im Bereich der Stempel und Matrizen, die zu einer Verschmutzung nicht nur der Preßwerkzeuge und ihrer Gleitlager sondern auch des Tablettiertellers führen, werden durch das Anbringen von Leitblechen und einer Absaugvorrichtung bekämpft. Die Anwendung eines Pulver-Luft-Gemischkegels zur Aufbringung von pulverförmigen Schmiermitteln auf die Preßwerkzeuge erzwingt also umfangreiche Schutzmaßnahmen, die zudem nur schwierig in dem engen, zur Verfügung stehenden Raum zwischen Unter- und Oberstempel von Tablettiermaschinen anzubringen sind. Trotzdem wird sich aber eine Verschmutzung der Tablettiermaschine im Dauerbetrieb durch Verstäuben des Schmiermittelpulvers nicht umgehen lassen. Nach dem Verfahren dieser japanischen Patentschrift wird zunächst ein Schmiermittelpulver-Luft-Gemisch erzeugt, welches anschliessend, durch ein Ventil gesteuert, an die Austrittsöffnungen geführt wird, um dort in Form eines Sprühkegels freigesetzt zu werden; von einem gezielten und quantifizierten Aufbringen des Schmiermittel-Luft-Gemisches ist nicht die Rede.
Es wurde nun ein Weg zur gezielten Beaufschlagung bestimmter Zonen von Flächen mit pulverförmigen Feststoffen, z. B. Schmiermitteln, gefunden, der die oben angeführten Nachteile nicht aufweist. Die Erfindung besteht aus einem Verfahren zur gesteuerten Freisetzung dosierter Mengen von feinverteilten Feststoffen zum Zwecke der gezielten Aufbringung von z. B. Schmiermitteln oder Trennmitteln auf die beanspruchten Flächen von Preßwerkzeugen in Tablettiermaschinen oder von Feststoffen auf feste Trägermaterialien, z. B. im Arzneimittel-, Lebensmittel- oder Katalysatorbereich. Genauer gesagt besteht das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren darin, daß der aufzutragende pulverförmige Feststoff zuerst homogenisiert und dann mittels einer oder mehrerer Venturidüsen über ein gasförmiges Transportmittel angesaugt und in gezielter Weise und in dosierten Mengen zum gewünschten vorbeigleitenden Objekt transportiert wird, wozu das Transportmittel durch ein oder mehrere Ventile synchron zur Taktzahl der vorgeführten Objekte getaktet wird.A way has now been found for the targeted application of certain zones of areas with powdery solids, e.g. B. lubricants found that does not have the disadvantages mentioned above. The invention consists of a method for the controlled release of metered amounts of finely divided solids for the purpose of the targeted application of z. B. lubricants or release agents on the claimed surfaces of pressing tools in tableting machines or solids on solid substrates, eg. B. in the pharmaceutical, food or catalyst sector. More precisely, the method according to the invention consists in that the powdery solid to be applied is first homogenized and then sucked in by means of one or more Venturi nozzles via a gaseous means of transport and transported in a targeted manner and in metered amounts to the desired object sliding past, for which purpose the means of transport is through one or more valves is synchronized with the clock number of the objects presented.
Die Erfindung betrifft aber auch Vorrichtungen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens. Der aufzutragende Stoff wird mit Hilfe einer oder mehrerer Venturi-Düsen durch ein gasförmiges Transportmittel angesaugt und über die Öffnungen dieser Düsen an das zu beaufschlagende Objekt in gezielter und quantifizierter Weise abgegeben, wobei das Transportmittel durch ein Ventil synchron zur Taktzahl der vorbeigeführten Objekte getaktet wird; die Venturi-Düse und die geregelte Ansteuerung erlauben die gezielte und quantifizierte Freisetzung der aufzutragenden Stoffe.However, the invention also relates to devices for carrying out the method. The substance to be applied is sucked in by means of one or more Venturi nozzles through a gaseous means of transport and released through the openings of these nozzles to the object to be acted upon in a targeted and quantified manner, the means of transport being clocked by a valve in synchronism with the number of objects passed by; the venturi nozzle and the controlled activation allow the targeted and quantified release of the substances to be applied.
Als gasförmige Transportmittel eignen sich komprimierte Luft oder auch andere Gase, wie Stickstoff. Die Steuerung des Transportmittels erfolgt durch ein oder mehrere Ventile, deren Betätigung elektronisch, mechanisch oder pneumatisch ausgelöst wird. Die Auslösung des oder der Ventile hängt ab von der Frequenz und Geschwindigkeit, mit der die zu beaufschlagenden Objekte an den Austrittsöffnungen der Venturi-Düse bzw. -Düsen vorbeiziehen. Bei Tablettiermaschinen melden z. B. Sensoren das Herangleiten der zu beaufschlagenden Preßwerkzeuge an eine Steuerungsvorrichtung, die zeitgerecht das oder die Ventile für das Transportmittel kurzfristig öffnet, wobei das jetzt durchströmende Transportmittel in der Venturi-Düse eine definierte Menge des Pulver-Gas-Gemisches, welches den zu beaufschlagenden Stoff, z. B. Schmiermittel, enthält, durch Sog mitnimmt und beschleunigt, um dieses damit quantifizierte Gemisch gezielt auf die zu beaufschlagenden Flächen aufzubringen. Das gezielte Aufbringen des Gemisches erfolgt durch die Synchronisation der Impulse und durch die Geometrie der Düsenöffnungen, die z. B. schlitzförmig oder oval sein kann oder z. B. auch die Form einer Acht annehmen kann.Compressed air or other gases, such as nitrogen, are suitable as gaseous means of transport. The means of transport are controlled by one or more valves, the actuation of which is triggered electronically, mechanically or pneumatically. The triggering of the valve or valves depends on the frequency and speed with which the objects to be charged pass the outlet openings of the venturi nozzle or nozzles. For tableting machines, e.g. B. sensors the approach of the pressing tools to a control device that opens the valve or valves for the means of transport for a short time, the now flowing means of transport in the venturi nozzle a defined amount of the powder-gas mixture containing the substance to be acted upon , e.g. B. contains lubricant, entrained and accelerated by suction to apply this quantified mixture specifically to the areas to be acted upon. The targeted application of the mixture takes place through the synchronization of the pulses and through the geometry of the nozzle openings, which, for. B. can be slit-shaped or oval or z. B. can also take the form of an eight.
Es ist für bestimmte Zwecke vorteilhaft als Ventil ein Drehschieberventil, welches am Eingang der Venturi-Düse anliegt und mit dieser funktionell zusammenwirkt, zu verwenden. Der Drehschieber, der an einer Achse anliegt und durch diese in geregelter Weise betätigt wird, dient als ein Druckluftventil für die Venturi-Düse oder -Düsen, die direkt hinter dem Drehschieber stationär angeordnet ist oder sind. Der durch die Venturi-Düse erzeugte Unterdruck saugt das Pulver-Gas-Gemisch, z. B. Pulver-Luft-Gemisch, an, während der Transportmittelstrahl, z. B. Luftstrahl, der Venturi-Düse gleichzeitig das Gemisch zu einer Auslaßöffnung und damit in Richtung auf die zu beaufschlagenden Oberflächen, beschleunigt.For certain purposes, it is advantageous to use a rotary slide valve as a valve, which bears against the inlet of the Venturi nozzle and interacts with it functionally. The rotary slide valve, which bears against an axis and is actuated by it in a controlled manner, serves as a compressed air valve for the venturi nozzle or nozzles, which is or are stationarily arranged directly behind the rotary slide valve. The negative pressure generated by the Venturi nozzle sucks the powder-gas mixture, e.g. B. powder-air mixture, while the transport jet, z. B. air jet, the Venturi nozzle simultaneously accelerates the mixture to an outlet opening and thus in the direction of the surfaces to be acted upon.
Die Venturi-Düse wird direkt vor der zu beaufschlagenden Fläche, z. B. einer Arzneiform, eines Stempels und einer Matrize in einer Tablettiermaschine, angeordnet. Um eine besonders straffe Bündelung bzw. eine gleichförmige Geschwindigkeitsverteilung des die Venturi-Düse verlassenden Strahls zur Vermeidung von vagabundierenden Mediumteilchen vor den zu beaufschlagenden Zonen zu erreichen, empfiehlt es sich, der Venturi-Düse eine Beruhigungszone bzw. ein Beruhigungsrohr nachzuordnen. In diesem Beruhigungsrohr läßt sich gewünschtenfalls auch eine Umlenkvorrichtung anbringen, die den erzeugten, gepulsten Strahl in Richtung der zu beaufschlagenden Objekte ablenkt.The Venturi nozzle is directly in front of the surface to be acted upon, e.g. B. a dosage form, a stamp and a matrix in a tableting machine. In order to achieve a particularly tight bundling or a uniform speed distribution of the jet leaving the Venturi nozzle in order to avoid vagrant medium particles in front of the zones to be acted upon, it is advisable to arrange a calming zone or a calming tube behind the Venturi nozzle. If desired, a deflection device can also be attached in this calming tube, which deflects the generated, pulsed beam in the direction of the objects to be acted upon.
Eine punkt- oder strichförmige Beschichtung bzw. Beaufschlagung der Objekte ist zu erreichen, wenn die Auslaßöffnung als ein Loch ausgeführt ist.A punctiform or line-shaped coating or loading of the objects can be achieved if the outlet opening is designed as a hole.
Eine viereckige oder rechteckige Beaufschlagung der entsprechenden Flächen des vorbeiziehenden Objektes ist zu erreichen, wenn die Auslaßöffnung die Form eines Spaltes hat, der mehr oder weniger langgezogen sein kann.A square or rectangular action on the corresponding surfaces of the passing object can be achieved if the outlet opening is in the form of a gap which can be more or less elongated.
Im Falle der Verwendung eines Drehschieberventils kann man auch andere Formen der Beaufschlagung auch unterschiedlich in verschiedenen Richtungen, erzielen, wenn auf der Innenwelle des Drehschieberventils vor dem Auslaßspalt, gegebenenfalls am Ende des Beruhigungsrohres, eine als Schablone dienende Trommel befestigt ist, die synchron mit dem Drehschieber läuft. So lassen sich z. B. die Ober- und Unterstempel einer Tablettiermaschine unterschiedlich beaufschlagen oder es lassen sich so verschiedene Figuren wie Kreise, Sterne, Buchstaben, auf Trägern, z. B. Pralinen, anbringen. Am vorteilhaftesten ist das Anbringen einer Schablone unmittelbar vor der oder den Austrittsöffnungen der Beruhigungszone, um den freigesetzten, gepulsten Strahl zu modulieren. Selbstverständlich ist die Modulation des austretenden Strahles auch unter Verwendung von anderen Ventiltypen möglich, wenn die Schablone mit der Frequenz der Stempel synchronisiert wird.In the case of using a rotary slide valve, other forms of loading can also be achieved differently in different directions if a drum serving as a template is attached to the inner shaft of the rotary slide valve in front of the outlet gap, possibly at the end of the calming tube, which is synchronous with the rotary slide valve running. So z. B. act differently on the upper and lower punches of a tableting machine or so different figures such as circles, stars, letters, on supports, e.g. B. Place chocolates. It is most advantageous to attach a template directly in front of the exit opening or openings of the calming zone in order to modulate the released, pulsed beam. Of course, the modulation of the emerging Beam also possible using other valve types if the template is synchronized with the frequency of the stamp.
Im allgemeinen wird die Druckluft für die Venturi-Düse über ein Mikrodosierventil in Abhängigkeit von der Frequenz und der Geschwindigkeit, mit der die Objekte an der Düsenöffnung vorbeigeführt werden, also z. B. der Tablettenpresse, zugeführt. Im Falle des Drehschieberventils übernimmt der Drehschieber diese Aufgabe; zu diesem Zweck ist die Umdrehungszahl der Achse, auf der der Drehschieber sitzt, an die Frequenz und Geschwindigkeit, mit der die Objekte an der Düsenöffnung vorbeigeführt werden, gekoppelt.In general, the compressed air for the Venturi nozzle is fed via a microdosing valve depending on the frequency and the speed at which the objects are guided past the nozzle opening, that is to say e.g. B. the tablet press. In the case of the rotary valve, the rotary valve takes over this task; for this purpose, the number of revolutions of the axis on which the rotary slide sits is linked to the frequency and speed at which the objects are guided past the nozzle opening.
Die Aufbereitung des feinverteilten Feststoffes zu einem homogenen Pulver-Gas-Gemisch erfolgt in einer Homogenisierungskammer, die der Venturi-Düse vorgeschaltet ist. Die Aufbereitung und homogene Verteilung der Pulverpartikel im Gas erfolgt mit Hilfe eines Rührwerkes und/oder einer Wirbelschicht, wobei das zu transportierende Pulver-Gas-Gemisch vor dem Absaugen in die Venturi-Düse noch ein Sieb passiert, wo größere Partikel durch die Tätigkeit eines Einstreichers an diesem Sieb zerrieben werden. Ein der Homogenisierung vorgeschaltetes Dosierwerk wird zur Vordosierung des feinzuverteilenden Feststoffes mit der Taktzahl des oder der Ventile proportional gekoppelt, wobei das Übersetzungsverhältnis, d. h. das Verhältnis der Durchsatzmenge des Dosierwerkes zur Taktzahl des Ventils, das ja der Art des Pulvermaterials angepaßt sein muß, frei wählbar ist und individuell eingestellt wird.The finely divided solid is processed into a homogeneous powder-gas mixture in a homogenization chamber which is connected upstream of the Venturi nozzle. The preparation and homogeneous distribution of the powder particles in the gas is carried out with the aid of an agitator and / or a fluidized bed, the powder-gas mixture to be transported being passed through a sieve before being sucked into the venturi nozzle, where larger particles are caused by the action of a streamer be grated on this sieve. A metering unit connected upstream of the homogenization is proportionally coupled to the number of cycles of the valve or valves in order to predose the finely divided solid, the transmission ratio, ie. H. the ratio of the throughput of the metering unit to the number of cycles of the valve, which must be adapted to the type of powder material, can be freely selected and is set individually.
Bei einer Ausführungsform zur Beaufschlagung der Preßwerkzeuge an Tablettiermaschinen durch ein Schmiermittelpulver-Luft-Gemisch wird das feste Schmiermittel, z. B. Magnesiumstearat, über einen Trichter einer Dosierschnecke zugeführt. Ein vor der Dosierschnecke gegebenenfalls angebrachtes Rühr werk zerkleinert das Schmiermittel soweit, daß es durch die Dosierschnecke transportiert werden kann. Die Dosierschnecke wird von einem Motor angetrieben, dessen Umdrehungen abhängig sind von der Geschwindigkeit der Tablettenpresse und der gewünschten Dosiermenge. Die Dosierschnecke, die auch eine axiale Bewegung macht, transportiert das Schmiermittel in eine Homogenisierungskammer z. B. Wirbelkammer. Die Wirbelschicht wird durch Druckluft erzeugt, die am Boden der Wirbelkammer zugeführt wird. Die Luftmenge zur Erzeugung der Wirbelschicht ist justierbar. Ein von einem Motor angetriebenes Rührwerk in der Wirbelkammer verhindert die Bildung von Klumpen. Zwischen der Wirbelkammer und der Ansaugleitung an der Venturi-Düse ist ein Sieb mit einem Einstreicher vorgeschaltet, welches das Gut zu passieren hat bevor es angesaugt wird. Mittels des Unterdrucks, der durch den Luftimpuls der Venturi-Düse nach Betätigung des Ventils erzeugt wird, wird das Schmiermittelpulver-Luft-Gemisch angesaugt und beschleunigt und durch die Austrittsöffnung der Venturi-Düse als ein entsprechend der Länge des Luftimpulses kleineres oder größeres Pulverpaket gezielt an das zu beaufschlagende Objekt, hier an bestimmte Zonen der Stempel und Matrizen, abgeschossen. Bei der Verwendung eines Dosiergerätes dieser Art ist es möglich, bis zu 200 000 Preßlinge in einer Stunde herzustellen, wobei die zur Schmierung der Preßwerkzeuge benötigten Feststoffmengen im allgemeinen zwischen 0,01 und 2 mg pro Tablette schwanken können (abhängig von der Tablettengröße und der Art des Schmiermittels).In one embodiment for applying the pressing tools to tableting machines by a lubricant powder-air mixture, the solid lubricant, e.g. B. magnesium stearate, fed via a funnel to a metering screw. A stirrer possibly installed in front of the dosing screw factory crushes the lubricant so that it can be transported through the dosing screw. The dosing screw is driven by a motor, the revolutions of which depend on the speed of the tablet press and the desired dosing quantity. The dosing screw, which also makes an axial movement, transports the lubricant into a homogenization chamber e.g. B. Swirl Chamber. The fluidized bed is generated by compressed air which is supplied to the bottom of the vortex chamber. The amount of air to generate the fluidized bed is adjustable. A motor-driven agitator in the swirl chamber prevents the formation of lumps. Between the vortex chamber and the suction line on the Venturi nozzle there is a sieve with a spreader that has to pass through the material before it is sucked in. By means of the negative pressure which is generated by the air pulse of the Venturi nozzle after actuation of the valve, the lubricant powder-air mixture is sucked in and accelerated, and through the outlet opening of the Venturi nozzle as a smaller or larger powder packet corresponding to the length of the air pulse the object to be loaded, here to certain zones of the punches and dies, shot down. When using a metering device of this type, it is possible to produce up to 200,000 compacts in one hour, the amount of solids required for the lubrication of the pressing tools generally varying between 0.01 and 2 mg per tablet (depending on the tablet size and the type of the lubricant).
Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform erfolgt die Vordosierung über ein Dosiergerät (z. B. Mikrodosierer der Firma Gericke), das mit Hilfe eines Rührflügels immer eine bestimmte Menge des Schmiermittelpulvers auf einen Rotor, der mit einer oder mehreren Rillen versehen ist, abgibt. Ein in diese Rillen eingreifender Abstreifer sorgt für die Freisetzung des Pulvers in eine Homogenisierungskammer; die Dosiermenge kann in weiten Bereichen von z. B. 13 bis 9600 ml/Stunde exakt eingestellt werden.In another embodiment, the pre-metering is carried out via a metering device (e.g. a micro-metering device from Gericke) which, with the aid of a stirring blade, always delivers a certain amount of the lubricant powder to a rotor which is provided with one or more grooves. A scraper engaging in these grooves releases the powder into a homogenization chamber; the dosage can be in wide ranges from z. B. 13 to 9600 ml / hour can be set exactly.
In der Homogenisierungskammer ist ein Rührwerk, z. B. in Form von um eine Achse gewundenen Flügeln, untergebracht. Die der Aufbereitung des Schmiermittelpulvers dienende Kammer wird durch ein Sieb an ihrem Auslaßteil begrenzt, auf welchem ein Einstreicher rotiert, der größere Agglomerate zerreibt; dieser Einstreicher kann auf der Achse, welche die Flügel in der Kammer trägt, befestigt sein, er kann aber auch mit der Frequenz der Venturi-Düse synchronisiert sein. Während das Rührwerk in dieser Kammer das Absetzen von Feststoffen und die Bildung von Agglomeraten verhindert, streicht der Einstreicher den Feststoff durch das Sieb, er dosiert also das Pulver in den angrenzenden Raum und verhindert das Zusammenbacken des Pulvers auf der Sieboberfläche. Der durch die Venturi-Düse erzeugte Unterdruck saugt den eingestrichenen Feststoff aus den sich an die Unterseite des Siebes angrenzenden Raum an, während der Luftstrahl der Venturi-Düse das Feststoff-Luft-Gemisch zu den Auslaßöffnungen beschleunigt. Die infolge der Taktung des Luftstrahles entstehenden Pulverpakete gelangen auf die Oberflächen der Preßwerkzeuge, die beschichtet werden müssen.In the homogenization chamber, an agitator, e.g. B. housed in the form of wings wound around an axis. The chamber used to process the lubricant powder is delimited by a sieve at its outlet part, on which a spreader rotates, which grinds larger agglomerates; this spreader can be attached to the axis that carries the wings in the chamber, but it can also be synchronized with the frequency of the venturi nozzle. While the stirrer in this chamber prevents solids from settling and the formation of agglomerates, the spreader brushes the solid through the sieve, so it doses the powder into the adjacent space and prevents the powder from caking on the surface of the sieve. The negative pressure generated by the Venturi nozzle sucks in the coated solid from the space adjacent to the underside of the sieve, while the air jet from the Venturi nozzle accelerates the solid-air mixture to the outlet openings. The powder packets resulting from the clocking of the air jet reach the surfaces of the pressing tools, which have to be coated.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform wird zunächst, wie vorstehend beschrieben, das Pulver vordosiert und in dieser Form zur Aufbereitung eines Pulver-Gas-Gemisches einer Homogenisierungskammer zugeleitet. In der Homogenisierungskammer ist auf einer Außenwelle ein Rührwerk, z. B. in Form von schräggestellten Flügeln, die auch die Form einer Rührschnecke annehmen können, befestigt, wobei die Achse dieses Rührwerks durch einen Motor mit stufenlos einstellbarer Drehzahl angetrieben wird. Während die Außenwelle am Rührwerk endet, setzt sich eine in dieser angebrachte Innenwelle bis zu der Venturi-Düse fort, die hier mit einem Drehschieberventil direkt verkoppelt vorliegt; die Welle liegt an dem eigentlichen Drehschieberelement dieses Ventils an. Diese Welle wird über einen Motor mit Tachogenerator und PID-Regelung (PID=Proportional-Integral-Differential) angetrieben und ist damit mit der Drehzahl der Tablettiermaschine synchron gekoppelt. Das Rührwerk verhindert das Absetzen von Feststoffen und die Bildung von Agglomeraten in der Homogenisierungskammer. Ein Sieb trennt die Homogenisierungskammer von der Zuführung in die Venturi-Düse ab. Ein auf der Innenwelle montierter Einstreicher streicht den Feststoff durch das Sieb und verhindert auch das Zusammenbacken des Pulvers auf der Sieboberfläche. Die Rührwerk-Einstreicher-Kombination hat die Aufgabe, eventuelle Schwankungen bei der Vordosierung auszugleichen und ein homogenes Schmiermittelpulver-Luft-Gemisch zu erzeugen. Der nach dem Sieb auf der Innenwelle befestigte Drehschieber dient als Druckluftventil für die Venturi-Düse, die direkt hinter dem Drehschieber angeordnet ist. Der durch die Venturi-Düse erzeugte Unterdruck saugt das eingestrichene Pulver-Gas-Gemisch an, der Luftstrahl der Venturi-Düse beschleunigt das Pulver-Gas-Gemisch zu den Auslaßöffnungen und an die zu beschichtenden Oberflächen. Mit diesem Gerät ist es möglich, bis zu 200 000 Tabletten pro Stunde herzustellen, ohne daß dem Granulat ein Schmiermittel beigesetzt werden muß. Pro Tablette werden nur 0,01 bis ca. 2 mg Schmiermittel benötigt; die Menge hängt von der Tablettengröße und der Art des Schmiermittels ab.In a further embodiment, as described above, the powder is first pre-metered and fed in this form to a homogenization chamber for the preparation of a powder-gas mixture. In the homogenization chamber, an agitator, for. B. in the form of inclined wings, which can also take the form of a stirring screw, the axis of this agitator being driven by a motor with a continuously variable speed. While the outer shaft ends at the agitator, an inner shaft attached in it continues to the Venturi nozzle, which is here directly coupled to a rotary slide valve; the shaft rests on the actual rotary slide element of this valve. This shaft is driven by a motor with a tachometer generator and PID control (PID = proportional-integral-differential) and is thus synchronously coupled with the speed of the tableting machine. The agitator prevents solids from settling and the formation of agglomerates in the homogenization chamber. A sieve separates the homogenization chamber from the feed into the Venturi nozzle. A spreader mounted on the inner shaft sweeps the solid through the sieve and also prevents the powder from caking on the surface of the sieve. The task of the agitator-spreader combination is to compensate for any fluctuations in the pre-metering and to generate a homogeneous lubricant powder-air mixture. The rotary valve attached to the inner shaft after the screen serves as a compressed air valve for the venturi nozzle, which is located directly behind the rotary valve. The vacuum generated by the Venturi nozzle sucks in the coated powder-gas mixture, the air jet from the Venturi nozzle accelerates the powder-gas mixture to the outlet openings and to the surfaces to be coated. With this device it is possible to produce up to 200,000 tablets per hour without the need to add a lubricant to the granules. Only 0.01 to approx. 2 mg of lubricant are required per tablet; the amount depends on the tablet size and the type of lubricant.
Gegenstand der Erfindung sind auch die Vorrichtungen zur gesteuerten Freisetzung dosierter Mengen von feinverteilten Feststoffen.The invention also relates to the devices for the controlled release of metered amounts of finely divided solids.
Zur näheren Erläuterung des Gegenstands der Erfindung sei auf die Figuren 1 und 2 verwiesen, die in beispielhafter Form einen schematischen Querschnitt durch die erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen darstellen.For a more detailed explanation of the subject matter of the invention, reference is made to FIGS. 1 and 2, which in exemplary form represent a schematic cross section through the devices according to the invention.
Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen eine Venturi-Düse (1), bestehend aus einer oder mehreren Luftdüsen A in Verbindung mit einer oder mehreren Mischkammern B und einer oder mehreren Gemischdüsen C, einem oder mehreren an die Venturi-Düsen an schließende Ansaugkanälen (2), die mit einer Homogenisierungskammer (7) und einem Sieb (6) verbunden sind, eine Treibmittelleitung (3), die ein Ventil (4) mit einer Venturi-Düse (1) verbindet, einem Druckgasanschluß (5), in einer Ausführungsform kann ein Sieb (6) zwischen dem Ansaugkanal (2) und einer Homogenisierungskammer (7), die mit einem Dosierwerk (8) verbunden ist, vorliegen, wobei letzteres auch direkt in oder vor der Homogenisierungskammer angebracht sein kann, einen Sensor (9) zur Erzeugung von Signalen in Verbindung mit einer Steuerung (10) welche das Ventil (4) und die Stellgrößen des Dosierwerkes (8) betätigt bzw. regelt. Das dosierte Gut tritt als Pulver-Luft-Gemisch in Form von Pulverpaketen (27) aus der Gemischdüse C aus.Figures 1 and 2 show a Venturi nozzle (1), consisting of one or more air nozzles A in connection with one or more mixing chambers B and one or more mixture nozzles C, one or more to the Venturi nozzles closing suction channels (2), which are connected to a homogenization chamber (7) and a sieve (6), a propellant line (3), which connects a valve (4) to a venturi nozzle (1), a compressed gas connection (5), In one embodiment, a sieve (6) can be present between the intake duct (2) and a homogenization chamber (7), which is connected to a metering unit (8), the latter also being able to be fitted directly in or in front of the homogenization chamber, a sensor ( 9) for generating signals in connection with a controller (10) which actuates or regulates the valve (4) and the manipulated variables of the metering unit (8). The metered material exits the mixture nozzle C as a powder-air mixture in the form of powder packets (27).
In der Figur 2 besitzt die Venturi-Düse (1), die wiederum aus einer oder mehreren Luftdüsen A, einer oder mehreren Mischkammern B und einer oder mehreren Gemischdüsen C besteht, an ihrer Eingangsseite ein Drehschieberventil (11), das an einer Achse (12) befestigt ist, wobei die Achse (12) durch einen Motor M synchron in Abhängigkeit von der Anzahl der Düsenöffnungen (13) zu der geforderten Drehzahl angetrieben wird; als vorteilhafte Ausführungsform schließt sich an die Gemischdüse bzw. -düsen C ein Beruhigungsrohr (14) bündig an, an dessen Ende durch eine schlitzförmige Öffnung (15) das dosierte Gut als Pulver-Luft-Gemisch in Form von Pulverpaketen (27) austritt. Die Öffnung (15) kann in der Verlängerung der Achse (12) angebracht sein, es kann aber auch eine Ablenkvorrichtung (16) auf der Achse (12) oder auf einer eigenen Achse in Verlängerung der Achse (12) oder auch starr am Ende des Beruhigungsrohres (14) ansitzen, welche das dosierte Gut rechtwinklig ablenkt. Zusätzlich kann eine Schablone (17) vor der Austrittsöffnung angebracht sein, die für ein geometrisch moduliertes Auftragen des Gutes auf die zu beaufschlagenden Zonen sorgt.In FIG. 2, the venturi nozzle (1), which in turn consists of one or more air nozzles A, one or more mixing chambers B and one or more mixture nozzles C, has a rotary slide valve (11) on its inlet side, which is connected to an axis (12 ) is fixed, the axis (12) being driven by a motor M synchronously as a function of the number of nozzle openings (13) to the required speed; as an advantageous embodiment, a calming tube (14) adjoins the mixture nozzle or nozzles C, at the end of which the metered material emerges as a powder-air mixture in the form of powder packets (27) through a slot-shaped opening (15). The opening (15) can be made in the extension of the axis (12), but it can also be a deflection device (16) on the axis (12) or on its own axis in the extension of the axis (12) or rigid at the end of the Sit on the calming tube (14), which deflects the dosed material at right angles. In addition, a template (17) can be attached in front of the outlet opening, which ensures a geometrically modulated application of the material to the zones to be loaded.
Bei der Ausführung gemäß Figur 1 kann die Austrittsöffnung C der Venturi-Düse als ein Membrankolben ausgebildet sein, der auf Grund seiner Eigenelastizität axial hin- und herbewegbar ist. Durch Bewegung in regelmäßigen Zeitabschnitten verhindert er das Ansetzen von störenden Anlagerungen des transportierten Gutes im Bereich der Austrittsöffnung der Venturi-Düse.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the outlet opening C of the venturi nozzle can be designed as a membrane piston which, due to its inherent elasticity, can be moved axially back and forth. By moving it at regular intervals, it prevents the accumulation of disturbing deposits of the transported goods in the area of the outlet opening of the Venturi nozzle.
Bei der Ausführung gemäß Figur 2 können auf der Achse (12) im Bereich B der Venturi-Düse versetzt zu den Drehschieberbohrungen (13) und in gleicher Weise im Bereich des Beruhigungsrohres (14) Bürst- oder Abstreifelemente angeordnet sein, die gegebenenfalls ein Anlagern des zu transportierenden Gutes in diesen Bereichen verhindern. Die Homogenisierungskammer (7) wird entweder mit Hilfe einer Dosierwalze (19) als Element eines Mikrodosierers (z. B. Gerät der Firma Gericke) oder einer ein- oder zweiwelligen Dosierschnecke (20) oder eines Förderbandes (21) oder eines Einstreichers (26) mit Sieb (6), die als Dosierwerke dienen, mit dem pulverförmigen Gut beschickt. Die Stellgröße dieser Dosierwerke wird über die Taktzahl der Düse bzw. Düsen gesteuert in der Weise, daß die in die Homogenisierungskammer (7) einzutragende Pulvermenge in einem wählbaren Verhältnis zur Taktzahl steht.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, brush or wiping elements can be arranged on the axis (12) in area B of the venturi nozzle offset from the rotary slide bores (13) and in the same way in the area of the calming tube (14), which elements can be attached to the prevent goods to be transported in these areas. The homogenization chamber (7) is either used with the aid of a metering roller (19) as an element of a microdosing device (e.g. device from Gericke) or a single- or twin-shaft metering screw (20) or a conveyor belt (21) or a spreader (26) with sieve (6), which serve as dosing units, are charged with the powdery material. The manipulated variable of these metering units is controlled via the number of cycles of the nozzle or nozzles in such a way that the amount of powder to be introduced into the homogenization chamber (7) is in a selectable ratio to the number of cycles.
Die Homogenisierungskammer (7) kann auch als Wirbelschichtkammer (23) ausgebildet sein und/oder ein zur Homogenisierung geeignetes Rührwerk (24) besitzen; die Homogenisierung des Gutes kann aber auch durch eine geeignete Luftführung (25) direkt oder hilfsweise erreicht werden.The homogenization chamber (7) can also be designed as a fluidized bed chamber (23) and / or have an agitator (24) suitable for homogenization; The homogenization of the goods can also be achieved directly or alternatively by means of a suitable air duct (25).
Bei einigen der geschilderten Ausführungsformen empfiehlt es sich, das Sieb (6) auf seiner zur Homogenisierungskammer (7) gekehrten Seite mit einem federnd nachgestellten Einstreicher (22) zu versehen, der im Falle der Ausführung gemäß Figur 2 auf der Drehschieberwelle (12) befestigt ist, im Falle der Ausführungen gemäß Figur 1 einen eigenen Antrieb M besitzt, der gewünschtenfalls durch den Regler (10) reguliert betrieben wird.In some of the described embodiments, it is advisable to provide the sieve (6) on its side facing the homogenization chamber (7) with a resilient adjuster (22) which, in the case of the embodiment according to FIG. 2, is attached to the rotary slide shaft (12) , in the event of 1 has its own drive M, which, if desired, is operated in a regulated manner by the controller (10).
Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform kann die Schablone (17) selbst die Austrittsöffnung (15) am Ende des Beruhigungsrohres (14) bilden, sie stellt damit eine Verlängerung des letzteren dar; die Schablone (17) kann auch drehbar angeordnet sein, wobei ihr Antrieb wiederum durch den Regler (10) geregelt erfolgt und synchron zur Taktzahl ist.In another embodiment, the template (17) itself can form the outlet opening (15) at the end of the calming tube (14), thus representing an extension of the latter; the template (17) can also be arranged rotatably, its drive again being regulated by the controller (10) and being synchronous with the number of cycles.
Claims (15)
a.) einer Dosierwalze (19) mit Rille und Rakel oder
b.) einer ein- oder zweiwelligen Dosierschnecke (20) oder
c.) eines Förderband (21) oder
d.) eines Einstreichers (26) mit Sieb (6)
als Dosierwerk mit dem pulverförmigen Gut gefüllt wird, die Stellgrößen des Dosierwerks über die Taktzahl der Düse bzw. Düsen gesteuert sind, wobei die einzutragende Menge in einem wählbaren Verhältnis zur Taktzahl steht.13.) Device according to claim 9 to 12, characterized in that the homogenization chamber (7) either with the help
a.) a metering roller (19) with groove and doctor blade or
b.) a one- or two-shaft metering screw (20) or
c.) a conveyor belt (21) or
d.) a spreader (26) with sieve (6)
is filled as a dosing unit with the pulverulent material, the manipulated variables of the dosing unit are controlled via the number of cycles of the nozzle or nozzles, the quantity to be entered being in a selectable ratio to the number of cycles.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89104987T ATE76790T1 (en) | 1988-04-02 | 1989-03-21 | TARGETED DELIVERY OF DOSED QUANTITIES OF FINELY DISTRIBUTED SOLIDS WITH VENTURI NOZZLE AND REGULATED CONTROL. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3811260 | 1988-04-02 | ||
DE3811260A DE3811260A1 (en) | 1988-04-02 | 1988-04-02 | TARGETED DELIVERY OF DOSED AMOUNTS OF FINE DISTRIBUTED SOLIDS WITH VENTURI NOZZLE AND CONTROLLED CONTROL |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0336197A2 true EP0336197A2 (en) | 1989-10-11 |
EP0336197A3 EP0336197A3 (en) | 1990-08-22 |
EP0336197B1 EP0336197B1 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
Family
ID=6351318
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP89104987A Expired - Lifetime EP0336197B1 (en) | 1988-04-02 | 1989-03-21 | Targetted discharge of dosed quantities of solid materials contained in a gas using a venturi nozzle and a control device for regulating it |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5624690A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0336197B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2557101B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE76790T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU620854B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1320915C (en) |
DD (1) | DD283579A5 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3811260A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2033036T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3005304T3 (en) |
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CN109512674B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-02-12 | 江苏祥瑞药业有限公司 | Production equipment for metformin hydrochloride sustained-release tablets capable of reducing blood sugar |
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WO1995018595A1 (en) * | 1994-01-04 | 1995-07-13 | Voss Gunter M | Process for producing tablets |
WO1995018596A1 (en) * | 1994-01-04 | 1995-07-13 | Voss Gunter M | Process for producing tablets |
EP0676280A1 (en) * | 1994-04-08 | 1995-10-11 | Wilhelm Fette GmbH | Method and device for applying powdered lubricant or release agent onto the pressing tools in tabletting machines |
EP0842763A2 (en) * | 1996-11-14 | 1998-05-20 | Bayer Ag | Apparatus for the controlled spraying of a lubricating product in powder form on punches and dies in tablet presses |
DE19647089A1 (en) * | 1996-11-14 | 1998-05-28 | Bayer Ag | Device for the controlled spraying of powdered lubricants onto punches and dies of tablet presses |
EP0842763A3 (en) * | 1996-11-14 | 1998-07-22 | Bayer Ag | Apparatus for the controlled spraying of a lubricating product in powder form on punches and dies in tablet presses |
US6079968A (en) * | 1996-11-14 | 2000-06-27 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Device for the controlled spraying of pulverulent lubricants onto punches and dies of tableting presses |
WO2004024339A1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-03-25 | Phoqus Pharmaceuticals Limited | Method and apparatus for applying powder in a pattern to a substrate |
DE102008002311B4 (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2012-06-06 | Korsch Ag | Apparatus and method for dusting upper and lower punches of a powder press with a lubricant and / or release agent and powder press |
DE102016123279A1 (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-07 | Fette Compacting Gmbh | Method and system for feeding a lubricant or release agent to press tools of a tablet press |
DE102016123279B4 (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2019-02-21 | Fette Compacting Gmbh | Method and system for feeding a lubricant or release agent to press tools of a tablet press |
US12065729B2 (en) | 2018-02-14 | 2024-08-20 | Iwis Motorsysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg | Metal component and method for producing same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DD283579A5 (en) | 1990-10-17 |
JPH01299795A (en) | 1989-12-04 |
CA1320915C (en) | 1993-08-03 |
AU620854B2 (en) | 1992-02-27 |
GR3005304T3 (en) | 1993-05-24 |
US5624690A (en) | 1997-04-29 |
AU3226689A (en) | 1989-10-05 |
ATE76790T1 (en) | 1992-06-15 |
EP0336197B1 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
DE3811260C2 (en) | 1991-07-04 |
EP0336197A3 (en) | 1990-08-22 |
JP2557101B2 (en) | 1996-11-27 |
DE58901567D1 (en) | 1992-07-09 |
ES2033036T3 (en) | 1993-03-01 |
DE3811260A1 (en) | 1989-10-26 |
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