EP0336079A2 - Verfahren und Anordnung für die Kommunikationssystemzugangskontrolle - Google Patents

Verfahren und Anordnung für die Kommunikationssystemzugangskontrolle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0336079A2
EP0336079A2 EP89102625A EP89102625A EP0336079A2 EP 0336079 A2 EP0336079 A2 EP 0336079A2 EP 89102625 A EP89102625 A EP 89102625A EP 89102625 A EP89102625 A EP 89102625A EP 0336079 A2 EP0336079 A2 EP 0336079A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
password
code
subscriber
communication system
decision
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89102625A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0336079A3 (de
Inventor
Kenneth J. Zdunek
Eric Reed Schorman
Philip A. Bieri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motorola Solutions Inc
Original Assignee
Motorola Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motorola Inc filed Critical Motorola Inc
Publication of EP0336079A2 publication Critical patent/EP0336079A2/de
Publication of EP0336079A3 publication Critical patent/EP0336079A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/06Authentication
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H04L63/083Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using passwords
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/08Access security
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/10Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for controlling access to devices or network resources
    • H04L63/108Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for controlling access to devices or network resources when the policy decisions are valid for a limited amount of time

Definitions

  • the subscriber unit responds to the activation of the PTT switch by transmitting a call request to the central controller (step 126).
  • the call request includes the subscriber unit identification code and other information so as to inform the central as to the type of call requested (such as, for example, voice transmission, data transmission, individual call, or group call).
  • Decision 128 determines whether a response has been received from the central. If not, decision 130 determines whether it is appropriate to retransmit (retry) the call request. If not, the routine proceeds to reference letter C. Assuming that the subscriber has received a response, decision 132 determines whether the central has transmitted a "Send Password" command.
  • step 230 a "Service Denied" code may be transmitted.
  • the central may communicate with a printer (or the like) and list the subscriber ID code that has transmitted the incorrect password. In this way, the system operator may determine whether or not to deny future communication system access.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
EP19890102625 1988-04-04 1989-02-16 Verfahren und Anordnung für die Kommunikationssystemzugangskontrolle Withdrawn EP0336079A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/176,951 US4992783A (en) 1988-04-04 1988-04-04 Method and apparatus for controlling access to a communication system
US176951 1988-04-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0336079A2 true EP0336079A2 (de) 1989-10-11
EP0336079A3 EP0336079A3 (de) 1990-12-19

Family

ID=22646568

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890102625 Withdrawn EP0336079A3 (de) 1988-04-04 1989-02-16 Verfahren und Anordnung für die Kommunikationssystemzugangskontrolle

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4992783A (de)
EP (1) EP0336079A3 (de)
JP (1) JPH0213035A (de)
CA (1) CA1314956C (de)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0602319A1 (de) * 1992-12-14 1994-06-22 DeTeMobil Deutsche Telekom MobilNet GmbH Verfahren zur Sicherung eines Mobilfunkgerätes gegen unerlaubte Benutzung
US5420864A (en) * 1992-10-26 1995-05-30 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Method of effecting random access in a mobile radio system
US5577046A (en) * 1993-11-01 1996-11-19 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Automatic retransmission request
US5603081A (en) * 1993-11-01 1997-02-11 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Method for communicating in a wireless communication system
US5610917A (en) * 1993-04-19 1997-03-11 Ericsson Inc. Layer 2 protocol for the random access channel and the access response channel
US5655215A (en) * 1993-11-01 1997-08-05 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Layer 2 protocol in a cellular communication system
WO1998018275A3 (de) * 1996-10-22 1998-08-06 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum anmelden eines mobiles endgerätes in einem schnurlosen kommunicationssystem
WO1998033340A3 (en) * 1997-01-24 1998-11-12 At & T Wireless Services Inc Detection of fraudulently registered mobile phones
US6175557B1 (en) 1994-10-31 2001-01-16 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Layer 2 protocol in a cellular communication system
US6212176B1 (en) 1992-10-05 2001-04-03 Telefonaktiebolget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Digital control channels having logical channels for multiple access radiocommunication
GB2362543A (en) * 2000-05-16 2001-11-21 Sagem Provision of a password to gain access to a computer network from a cellular telephone
US6781968B1 (en) 1997-09-08 2004-08-24 Marc Arnold Wireless communication system, apparatus and method using an atmospheric platform having a wideband trunkline
EP1978756A4 (de) * 2006-01-26 2009-07-15 Huawei Tech Co Ltd Einrichtung, system und verfahren zur durchführung der authentifikation mittels passwort
US7975056B2 (en) 1997-06-19 2011-07-05 Mymail Ltd. Method for providing a network address
US8516132B2 (en) 1997-06-19 2013-08-20 Mymail, Ltd. Method of accessing a selected network
US9935814B2 (en) 1997-06-19 2018-04-03 My Mail Ltd. Method of obtaining a network address

Families Citing this family (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5239294A (en) * 1989-07-12 1993-08-24 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for authenication and protection of subscribers in telecommunication systems
US5390245A (en) * 1990-03-09 1995-02-14 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson Method of carrying out an authentication check between a base station and a mobile station in a mobile radio system
US5572193A (en) * 1990-12-07 1996-11-05 Motorola, Inc. Method for authentication and protection of subscribers in telecommunications systems
US5214423A (en) * 1991-04-22 1993-05-25 Motorola, Inc. Random number generation using volatile RAM
US5163097A (en) * 1991-08-07 1992-11-10 Dynamicserve, Ltd. Method and apparatus for providing secure access to a limited access system
US5201000A (en) * 1991-09-27 1993-04-06 International Business Machines Corporation Method for generating public and private key pairs without using a passphrase
CA2078195C (en) * 1991-11-27 1999-03-09 Jack Kozik Arrangement for detecting fraudulently identified mobile stations in a cellular mobile telecommunications network
US5260988A (en) * 1992-02-06 1993-11-09 Motorola, Inc. Apparatus and method for alternative radiotelephone system selection
US5559505A (en) * 1992-05-20 1996-09-24 Lucent Technologies Inc. Security system providing lockout for invalid access attempts
US5287519A (en) * 1992-09-17 1994-02-15 International Business Machines Corp. LAN station personal computer system with controlled data access for normal and unauthorized users and method
US5267314A (en) * 1992-11-17 1993-11-30 Leon Stambler Secure transaction system and method utilized therein
US5594429A (en) * 1993-10-27 1997-01-14 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Transmission and reception system and signal generation method for same
US5440758A (en) * 1994-04-12 1995-08-08 Motorola, Inc. Method of preventing unauthorized access to a wireless communication system
US5613215A (en) * 1994-04-21 1997-03-18 Motorola, Inc. Method of transmitting security codes to communication units
US5625870A (en) * 1994-06-10 1997-04-29 Uniden America Corporation Fraud control for radio fleets in a land mobile radio system
US5668876A (en) * 1994-06-24 1997-09-16 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson User authentication method and apparatus
US5463617A (en) * 1994-09-30 1995-10-31 Grube; Gary W. Method for providing caller interrupt in a time division multiplexed wireless communication system
US6018656A (en) * 1994-12-30 2000-01-25 Sony Corporation Programmable cellular telephone and system
US5828956A (en) * 1994-12-30 1998-10-27 Sony Electronics, Inc. Programmable cellular telephone and system
US6690796B1 (en) * 1995-05-17 2004-02-10 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Rolling code security system
US6980655B2 (en) * 2000-01-21 2005-12-27 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Rolling code security system
US7492905B2 (en) 1995-05-17 2009-02-17 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Rolling code security system
BR9606663A (pt) * 1995-05-17 1997-09-16 Chamberlain Group Inc Transmissor para enviar um sinal criptografado para controlar um atuador receptor para receber um sinal criptografado de um transmissor e para gerar um sinal de atuação e receptor para receber um sinal de frequência de rádio criptografado de um transmissor e para gerar um sinal de atuação
US6320493B1 (en) * 1995-06-05 2001-11-20 Advance Security Inc. Remote control security system for automobile issuing a fixed basic code and two variable codes
US5790892A (en) * 1995-09-29 1998-08-04 International Business Machines Corporation Information handling system for modifying coherency response set to allow intervention of a read command so that the intervention is not allowed by the system memory
JP2000215131A (ja) * 1999-01-22 2000-08-04 Canon Inc 情報処理装置、ネットワ―クシステム、情報管理方法、及び記憶媒体
US6802000B1 (en) * 1999-10-28 2004-10-05 Xerox Corporation System for authenticating access to online content referenced in hardcopy documents
US7353274B1 (en) * 2000-05-09 2008-04-01 Medisys/Rjb Consulting, Inc. Method, apparatus, and system for determining whether a computer is within a particular location
US7676681B2 (en) * 2003-06-17 2010-03-09 Veratad Technologies, Llc Method, system, and apparatus for identification number authentication
US8302164B2 (en) * 2004-07-22 2012-10-30 Facebook, Inc. Authorization and authentication based on an individual's social network
US12149618B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2024-11-19 The Chamberlain Group Llc Method and apparatus to facilitate transmission of an encrypted rolling code
US9148409B2 (en) 2005-06-30 2015-09-29 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Method and apparatus to facilitate message transmission and reception using different transmission characteristics
US8422667B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2013-04-16 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Method and apparatus to facilitate transmission of an encrypted rolling code
JP4247216B2 (ja) * 2005-08-23 2009-04-02 株式会社東芝 情報処理装置および認証制御方法
JP4800068B2 (ja) * 2006-02-23 2011-10-26 富士通株式会社 パスワード管理装置、パスワード管理方法、パスワード管理プログラム
US7882525B2 (en) * 2007-04-23 2011-02-01 Microsoft Corporation Data collection for a comprehensive program guide
US10652743B2 (en) 2017-12-21 2020-05-12 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Security system for a moveable barrier operator
US11074773B1 (en) 2018-06-27 2021-07-27 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Network-based control of movable barrier operators for autonomous vehicles
CA3107457A1 (en) 2018-08-01 2020-02-06 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Movable barrier operator and transmitter pairing over a network
US10997810B2 (en) 2019-05-16 2021-05-04 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. In-vehicle transmitter training

Family Cites Families (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3983337A (en) * 1973-06-21 1976-09-28 Babbco, Ltd. Broad-band acoustic speaker
US4310720A (en) * 1978-03-31 1982-01-12 Pitney Bowes Inc. Computer accessing system
US4268715A (en) * 1978-05-03 1981-05-19 Atalla Technovations Method and apparatus for securing data transmissions
US4218738A (en) * 1978-05-05 1980-08-19 International Business Machines Corporation Method for authenticating the identity of a user of an information system
US4581486A (en) * 1979-11-26 1986-04-08 Vmx, Inc. Electronic audio communications system with user accessible message groups
US4602129A (en) * 1979-11-26 1986-07-22 Vmx, Inc. Electronic audio communications system with versatile message delivery
US4295039A (en) * 1979-12-03 1981-10-13 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for achieving secure password verification
US4445712A (en) * 1980-01-14 1984-05-01 Id Code Industries, Inc. Identification devices and methods
US4348696A (en) * 1980-09-08 1982-09-07 Beier Galen C Television viewing control device
CA1171945A (en) * 1981-04-16 1984-07-31 Mitel Corporation Voice recognizing telephone call denial system
GB2120821B (en) * 1982-05-18 1985-08-29 Weyfringe Limited Label printer
DE3244049C2 (de) * 1982-11-27 1986-06-26 Kiekert GmbH & Co KG, 5628 Heiligenhaus Zentralverriegelungsanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug
US4626845A (en) * 1983-02-28 1986-12-02 Epic Systems, Inc. Subscriber validation system
US4590470A (en) * 1983-07-11 1986-05-20 At&T Bell Laboratories User authentication system employing encryption functions
US4623919A (en) * 1983-08-11 1986-11-18 Welch James D Method and system for controlling access to transmitted modulated electromagnetic wave carried information
US4654481A (en) * 1983-10-04 1987-03-31 Cellutron Corporation Security system for cordless extension telephones
US4630201A (en) * 1984-02-14 1986-12-16 International Security Note & Computer Corporation On-line and off-line transaction security system using a code generated from a transaction parameter and a random number
DE3420460A1 (de) * 1984-06-01 1985-12-05 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Verfahren zum erkennen der unerlaubten benutzung einer, einer beweglichen funkstation zugeordneten identifizierung in einem funkuebertragungssystem
DE3431726A1 (de) * 1984-08-29 1986-03-13 Philips Kommunikations Industrie AG, 8500 Nürnberg Fernmelde-, insbesondere mobilfunknetz mit netzeinheitlich wechselbaren schluesseln
DE3439120A1 (de) * 1984-10-25 1986-05-07 Philips Kommunikations Industrie AG, 8500 Nürnberg Verfahren zur identifizierung einer teilnehmerstation eines fernmeldenetzes
US4672533A (en) * 1984-12-19 1987-06-09 Noble Richard G Electronic linkage interface control security system and method
US4802217A (en) * 1985-06-07 1989-01-31 Siemens Corporate Research & Support, Inc. Method and apparatus for securing access to a computer facility
JPS6231231A (ja) * 1985-08-02 1987-02-10 Nec Corp パスワ−ド照合方式
NL8701069A (nl) * 1987-05-06 1988-12-01 Nederlanden Staat Authenticatieprocedure voor toepassing in een telecommunicatiesysteem en telecommunicatiesysteem waarin deze procedure wordt toegepast.

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6212176B1 (en) 1992-10-05 2001-04-03 Telefonaktiebolget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Digital control channels having logical channels for multiple access radiocommunication
US5420864A (en) * 1992-10-26 1995-05-30 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Method of effecting random access in a mobile radio system
EP0602319A1 (de) * 1992-12-14 1994-06-22 DeTeMobil Deutsche Telekom MobilNet GmbH Verfahren zur Sicherung eines Mobilfunkgerätes gegen unerlaubte Benutzung
US5610917A (en) * 1993-04-19 1997-03-11 Ericsson Inc. Layer 2 protocol for the random access channel and the access response channel
US6144653A (en) * 1993-11-01 2000-11-07 Telefonakteibolaget Lm Ericsson Method for communicating in a wireless communication system
US5603081A (en) * 1993-11-01 1997-02-11 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Method for communicating in a wireless communication system
US5655215A (en) * 1993-11-01 1997-08-05 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Layer 2 protocol in a cellular communication system
US5694391A (en) * 1993-11-01 1997-12-02 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Automatic retransmission request
US5701298A (en) * 1993-11-01 1997-12-23 Telefonakteibolaget Lm Ericsson Automatic retransmission request
US5734645A (en) * 1993-11-01 1998-03-31 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Layer 2 protocol in a cellular communication system
US5778316A (en) * 1993-11-01 1998-07-07 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Method and apparatus for selecting a control channel based on service availability
US5633874A (en) * 1993-11-01 1997-05-27 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Automatic retransmission request
US5577046A (en) * 1993-11-01 1996-11-19 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Automatic retransmission request
US5923649A (en) * 1993-11-01 1999-07-13 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Layer 2 protocol in a cellular communication system
US6175557B1 (en) 1994-10-31 2001-01-16 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Layer 2 protocol in a cellular communication system
WO1998018275A3 (de) * 1996-10-22 1998-08-06 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum anmelden eines mobiles endgerätes in einem schnurlosen kommunicationssystem
RU2154905C1 (ru) * 1996-10-22 2000-08-20 Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт Способ управления регистрацией мобильных устройств радиосвязи базовыми станциями радиосвязи универсальных мобильных систем связи, особенно мобильных устройств стандарта dect базовыми станциями стандарта dect систем связи, определяющих профиль доступа мобильных устройств
US6539224B2 (en) 1996-10-22 2003-03-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for controlling the logon of cordless mobile parts at cordless base stations of universal mobile telecommunication systems, particularly of dect mobile parts at dect base stations of cap-specific telecommunication systems
US5953652A (en) * 1997-01-24 1999-09-14 At&T Wireless Services Inc. Detection of fraudulently registered mobile phones
WO1998033340A3 (en) * 1997-01-24 1998-11-12 At & T Wireless Services Inc Detection of fraudulently registered mobile phones
US8516132B2 (en) 1997-06-19 2013-08-20 Mymail, Ltd. Method of accessing a selected network
US9141263B2 (en) 1997-06-19 2015-09-22 Thomas Drennan Selgas Method of modifying a toolbar
US10228838B2 (en) 1997-06-19 2019-03-12 Mymail, Ltd. Dynamically modifying a toolbar
US10135878B2 (en) 1997-06-19 2018-11-20 Mymail, Ltd. Method for accessing a digital network by way of one or more Internet service providers
US9935814B2 (en) 1997-06-19 2018-04-03 My Mail Ltd. Method of obtaining a network address
US7975056B2 (en) 1997-06-19 2011-07-05 Mymail Ltd. Method for providing a network address
US9137240B2 (en) 1997-06-19 2015-09-15 Mymail, Ltd. System and method of accessing a network by way of different service providers
US8732318B2 (en) * 1997-06-19 2014-05-20 Mymail, Ltd. Method of connecting a user to a network
US9021070B2 (en) 1997-06-19 2015-04-28 Mymail, Ltd. Dynamically modifying a toolbar
US6781968B1 (en) 1997-09-08 2004-08-24 Marc Arnold Wireless communication system, apparatus and method using an atmospheric platform having a wideband trunkline
GB2362543A (en) * 2000-05-16 2001-11-21 Sagem Provision of a password to gain access to a computer network from a cellular telephone
GB2362543B (en) * 2000-05-16 2003-12-03 Sagem Assembly of a cellular telephone and means for connection to a computer network
EP1156619A3 (de) * 2000-05-16 2004-06-16 Sagem S.A. Zellulares Telefon und Verbindungmittel für Computernetzwerk
EP1978756A4 (de) * 2006-01-26 2009-07-15 Huawei Tech Co Ltd Einrichtung, system und verfahren zur durchführung der authentifikation mittels passwort

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1314956C (en) 1993-03-23
EP0336079A3 (de) 1990-12-19
JPH0213035A (ja) 1990-01-17
US4992783A (en) 1991-02-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4992783A (en) Method and apparatus for controlling access to a communication system
US4964163A (en) Method and apparatus for controlling access to a communication system
US5736932A (en) Security for controlled access systems
JP4545948B2 (ja) グループ通信システムに異なる信号遅延を有したユーザに公正なアクセスを提供するための方法および装置
US6295284B1 (en) Method and apparatus for providing fair access in a group communication system
US5483465A (en) Method for reprogramming duplicated communication units
CA1306503C (en) Shared data/voice communication system with programmable data priority
US5313653A (en) Method for a communication unit to maintain a data base of system services
CA1270525A (en) Signalling method for establishing trunked communication
US4975942A (en) Credit/calling card pay telephone method and system employing telephone unit local card-checking and other intelligence cooperative with local personal host computer
US5103445A (en) Method of adapting a mobile radio communication system to traffic and performance requirements
US5678170A (en) Method and apparatus for monitoring and limiting distribution of data
CN1072546A (zh) 在无线电通信系统中把话音/数据信道指定为临时的控制信道的方法
US5371900A (en) Storm plan execution attachments for trunked radio system
US5509075A (en) Method of detecting unauthorized use of a communication unit in a secure communication system
US5267299A (en) Automatic answering telephone apparatus with device to detect a remote control password
WO1995015623A1 (en) A method for controlling a radio unit
US5625887A (en) Method for non-registered communication units to access a communication system
JPH0746661A (ja) 移動無線通信方式および装置
US5613215A (en) Method of transmitting security codes to communication units
CA1326510C (en) Trunked radio repeater system
JPH05167527A (ja) 公衆無線回線通信制御方法
JPH0470949A (ja) 不正アクセス防止方式
CA2019962A1 (en) Communication unit identification method and apparatus

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19910620