EP0334736B1 - Brûleurs à gaz - Google Patents

Brûleurs à gaz Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0334736B1
EP0334736B1 EP89400765A EP89400765A EP0334736B1 EP 0334736 B1 EP0334736 B1 EP 0334736B1 EP 89400765 A EP89400765 A EP 89400765A EP 89400765 A EP89400765 A EP 89400765A EP 0334736 B1 EP0334736 B1 EP 0334736B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
wall
box
gas
perforations
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89400765A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0334736A1 (fr
Inventor
Joseph Le Mer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chaffoteaux et Maury SAS
Original Assignee
Chaffoteaux et Maury SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chaffoteaux et Maury SAS filed Critical Chaffoteaux et Maury SAS
Priority to AT89400765T priority Critical patent/ATE86371T1/de
Publication of EP0334736A1 publication Critical patent/EP0334736A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0334736B1 publication Critical patent/EP0334736B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/34—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/74—Preventing flame lift-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00012—Liquid or gas fuel burners with flames spread over a flat surface, either premix or non-premix type, e.g. "Flächenbrenner"

Definitions

  • the invention relates to gas burners of the type distributing through multiple nozzles the flames generated by the combustion of a combustible gas under pressure in the air, this gas possibly being, for example, one or the other. of the following: natural gas, butane, propane.
  • Such burners are used, for example, in water heaters, bath heaters, domestic or industrial central heating boilers, stoves, etc.
  • the invention relates more particularly, among these burners, those which include an air box of which an outer wall is perforated by a large number of close orifices, a gas manifold connected to a source of pressurized combustible gas, this manifold being arranged so as to present opposite the perforated wall of the air box a perforated partition sufficiently spaced from this perforated wall so that air can circulate freely between said wall and said partition and a plurality of hollow needles each connected in a manner watertight at the edge of a hole in the partition and each opening into the central zone of the entrance to an orifice in the perforated wall so as to define with the latter a nozzle for distributing the fuel air-gas mixture forming a site for flame production.
  • the air box communicates with the atmosphere and the air used for the formation of the flame-generating combustible mixture is entrained in the orifices by the stream of pressurized gas leaving the needles, said orifices having for this purpose a profile converging downstream (see document FR-A-1 520 464).
  • the flame-generating combustible mixture is not homogeneous, the relative proportion of the gas relative to the air being higher in the region close to the axis of exit of each needle, zone in which the gas current circulates without being obstructed by any obstacle, only in the peripheral regions of each distribution nozzle: this results in imperfect combustion of said mixture and the production of undesirable toxic gases, in particular carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, in the products of combustion.
  • the object of the invention is, above all, to remedy these drawbacks.
  • the burner according to the invention is characterized in that the air box is connected to a source of pressurized air, in that each orifice is constituted by at least one cylindrical hole, and in that a mechanical obstacle is placed across the central zone of the outlet from each orifice, in the axial extension of the corresponding needle, so as to deflect the gas jet leaving this needle towards the air stream surrounding this jet, the perforated wall of the air box being composed of two adjoining walls, one internal and the other external, which have perforations offset mutually so that the external wall forms opposite the central zones of the perforations of the internal wall bridges constituting mechanical obstacles.
  • Figure 1 shows in axial section a gas burner established according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows on a reduced scale a plan view of this burner.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show on a larger scale a portion of said burner in axial section along III-III Figure 4 and in plan view.
  • the burner in question comprises an air box 1 in the form of a thick wafer, that is to say bounded by a cylindrical side wall of revolution 2 and by two transverse plane walls 3 and 4.
  • One of these flat walls 3 is double and perforated by a multitude of close orifices 5 whose inner face is cylindrical and to which we will return later.
  • the other flat wall 4 is crossed by a pipe 6 connecting the box to an external source of pressurized air such as a fan (not shown).
  • a gas manifold 7 which, like the box 1, has the shape of a cylindrical wafer, but smaller than the said box and hollowed out in the center by a fireplace 8.
  • This manifold is arranged coaxially with the box 1, it is connected by a pipe 9 to a source of pressurized combustible gas and its flat wall 10 parallel to the perforated wall 3 is bristling with a multitude of hollow needles 11 each connecting the inside the nurse 7 at the central area of an orifice 5.
  • the distance D between the opposite faces of the wall 3 and of the partition 10 is large enough for the air to circulate freely in the space Z creating between these elements and, for the same reason, the spacings E between the different needles are large enough and the outside diameter d e thereof, small enough.
  • the air pressure occupying space Z is then the same at all points in this space.
  • the internal volume of the annular manifold 7 is large enough for the gas admitted into it through the pipe 9 to be subjected to the same pressure at all points in this volume.
  • compositions of the air-gas mixture to be burned which are distributed on the combustion sites themselves through the various nozzles 12 formed by the orifices 5 and the outlets of the needles 11 are identical to each other and very easy to adjust by acting on the air inlet pressure in the box 1 and / or on the gas inlet pressure in the manifold 7.
  • This obstacle deflects the jet of gas leaving the needle, creating a certain turbulence therein, which ensures its intimate mixing with the stream of pressurized air which surrounds it just before the distribution of the mixture obtained at the outlet of the corresponding nozzle.
  • the circular plate constituting the wall 3 is composed of two flat discs 25, 26 joined against one another, one of these discs 25, disposed on the side of the interior of the box, being preferably thicker than the other external disc 26, the thickness of each disc being in particular of the order of 1 to 2 mm.
  • the orifices recessed in said wall are radial slots each composed of a first slot 27 hollowed out in the internal disc 25 and by two radial slots 28 radially aligned with the outer disc 26, the inner side faces of said slots being all cylindrical.
  • the two radial slots 28 are separated by a bridge 29 located opposite the center of the corresponding slot 27, that is to say in the axial extension of the corresponding needle 11.
  • the bridges 29 play the role of a deflecting obstacle and creator of turbulence, even of flame catchers.
  • the slots 27 are, in turn, separated by bridges 30 against which abut the streams of pressurized air tending to escape from the air box.
  • the different perforations of the two discs are designed in such a way that the simple axial juxtaposition of these two discs, in well-defined relative angular positions, results in the presence of a bridge 29 opposite the center of each slot 27.
  • these perforations are all narrow radial slots and aligned radially, the width of the slots 27 hollowed out in the disc 25 being slightly greater than that of the slots 28 and the bridges 30 mutually separating the slots 27 are all the same. wider than they are closer to the common axis of the two discs.
  • the slots 27 and 28 could also have forms other than rectilinear and radial, extending for example according to rectilinear segments inclined on the corresponding radii, or according to concentric arcs of a circle, or even according to spiral arcs or even according to crosses.
  • these slots are delimited laterally by cylindrical walls, which allows them to be produced by simple stamping of sheets.
  • an obstacle is provided opposite the center of each slot, and this obstacle is bordered by voids large enough to allow through them an unimpeded distribution of the mixture of the flame-generating fuel to the outside of the box 1 .
  • the obstacle in question is generally, as before, a trigger guard crossing, at its exit, the associated dispensing orifice, which it divides into two identical halves.
  • Additional holes 24 assigned only to the passage of pressurized air can be hollowed out in the discs.
  • the diameter of the orifices 24, if provided, is advantageously of the order of 2 to 3 mm.
  • the number of needles is generally several tens, or even several hundreds.
  • the transverse plane into which each needle 11 opens is generally located axially a little below the level of the interior surface of the perforated wall 3 of the box 1, that is to say inside the box, but it can be located a little beyond this level towards the outside, without exceeding that of the outside surface of the wall 3.
  • the air box 1 is generally formed by stamped metal sheets, for example made of stainless steel or aluminum, including its perforated wall 3, which could however be made of molded or sintered ceramic, while the manifold 7 is formed by a metal part, for example of cast aluminum alloy.
  • the flow rate of the air-gas mixture can be adjusted once and for all by giving predetermined values to the flow rates of its two components, the ratio between these two flow rates corresponding to the stoichiometric formula of perfect combustion increased by the minimum excess air imposed by the standards, taking into account the possible contributions of air carried through the holes (24) not associated with needles (11).
  • the flow rates or pressures of the two components can be adjusted as desired, taking care of course that the composition of the mixture remains close to its optimal value.
  • the burner described above can deliver at will a calorific power varying from 2 to 30 kW and even beyond, that is to say from a extremely low minimum value for which each flame is reduced to a tiny blue pearl visible only in the dark up to the maximum value corresponding to the pressure of the network or other source of gas and that of the blown air, taking into account the distribution port dimensions.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
EP89400765A 1988-03-21 1989-03-17 Brûleurs à gaz Expired - Lifetime EP0334736B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89400765T ATE86371T1 (de) 1988-03-21 1989-03-17 Gasbrenner.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8803618A FR2628826B1 (fr) 1988-03-21 1988-03-21 Perfectionnements aux bruleurs a gaz
FR8803618 1988-03-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0334736A1 EP0334736A1 (fr) 1989-09-27
EP0334736B1 true EP0334736B1 (fr) 1993-03-03

Family

ID=9364438

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89400765A Expired - Lifetime EP0334736B1 (fr) 1988-03-21 1989-03-17 Brûleurs à gaz

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (1) US4887963A (pt)
EP (1) EP0334736B1 (pt)
JP (1) JPH01318805A (pt)
KR (1) KR950013965B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN1036822A (pt)
AT (1) ATE86371T1 (pt)
AU (1) AU621093B2 (pt)
BR (1) BR8901313A (pt)
CA (1) CA1300485C (pt)
DE (1) DE68905056T2 (pt)
DK (1) DK169632B1 (pt)
ES (1) ES2037973T3 (pt)
FR (1) FR2628826B1 (pt)
GR (1) GR3007212T3 (pt)
MA (1) MA21518A1 (pt)
PT (1) PT90045B (pt)
TN (1) TNSN89038A1 (pt)
ZA (1) ZA892011B (pt)

Families Citing this family (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2634006B1 (fr) * 1988-07-05 1991-05-17 Chaffoteaux Et Maury Perfectionnements aux appareils de production d'eau chaude
NL8900030A (nl) * 1989-01-06 1990-08-01 Remeha Fabrieken Bv Nox-arme atmosferische gasbrander.
US5102329A (en) * 1991-04-15 1992-04-07 Coen Company, Inc. High intensity burner
US5133657A (en) * 1991-06-17 1992-07-28 Harmony Thermal Co. Inc. High turndown sheet metal atmospheric gas burner
US5161379A (en) * 1991-12-23 1992-11-10 United Technologies Corporation Combustor injector face plate cooling scheme
FR2694072B1 (fr) * 1992-07-23 1994-10-14 Chaffoteaux Et Maury Perfectionnements aux brûleurs à gaz.
AT399561B (de) * 1992-08-03 1995-06-26 Vaillant Gmbh Atmosphärischer brenner
US5441402A (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-08-15 Gas Research Institute Emission reduction
US5397234A (en) * 1993-11-15 1995-03-14 Harper-Wyman Company Gas stove top burner assembly
DE29512231U1 (de) * 1995-07-28 1996-11-28 AGA AB, Lidingö Außenmischender Brenner
US6267585B1 (en) * 1995-12-19 2001-07-31 Daimlerchrysler Aerospace Airbus Gmbh Method and combustor for combusting hydrogen
DE19547506B4 (de) * 1995-12-19 2008-06-05 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren und Brenner zum Verbrennen von Wasserstoff
US5881756A (en) * 1995-12-22 1999-03-16 Institute Of Gas Technology Process and apparatus for homogeneous mixing of gaseous fluids
RU2135893C1 (ru) * 1997-11-17 1999-08-27 Парфенов Леонид Николаевич Радиационно-конвективный способ обогрева поверхностей теплообмена
US6928823B2 (en) * 2001-08-29 2005-08-16 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas turbine combustor and operating method thereof
US6813889B2 (en) * 2001-08-29 2004-11-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas turbine combustor and operating method thereof
US6702571B2 (en) 2001-09-05 2004-03-09 Gas Technology Institute Flex-flame burner and self-optimizing combustion system
DE102004037689A1 (de) * 2004-08-02 2006-03-16 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Flächenbrenner, insbesondere für ein Brennstoffzellensystem
CN100464120C (zh) * 2005-08-26 2009-02-25 浙江帅康电气股份有限公司 一种燃气燃烧器
US20070059657A1 (en) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-15 Chia-Hsi Yen Gas burner
CN100410586C (zh) * 2006-03-13 2008-08-13 郑宗标 高压送风助燃式燃气灶具
DE102008019854A1 (de) 2008-04-23 2009-10-29 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Wandstruktur und Brenner sowie System
JP4934696B2 (ja) * 2009-03-26 2012-05-16 株式会社日立製作所 バーナ及び燃焼器
ES2552547T3 (es) * 2009-04-30 2015-11-30 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Quemador de llama vertical
US8707672B2 (en) * 2010-09-10 2014-04-29 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for cooling a combustor cap
CN102777902A (zh) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-14 程敏 一种六环火节能燃烧器
US8939759B2 (en) * 2011-10-21 2015-01-27 Rinnai Corporation Tubular burner
JP5723327B2 (ja) * 2012-07-03 2015-05-27 リンナイ株式会社 管状バーナ
US9726372B2 (en) * 2013-06-14 2017-08-08 Beneq Oy Burner nozzle, burner and a surface treatment device
US20170016618A1 (en) * 2014-03-18 2017-01-19 Cheng-Tung CHAN Stove core structure of infrared gas stove
CN104132341B (zh) * 2014-07-07 2017-01-18 宁波多贝机械实业有限公司 燃气锅炉燃烧器
CN109681871B (zh) * 2015-12-02 2020-10-16 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 燃烧器和具有其的热水器
CN105423298B (zh) * 2015-12-14 2017-09-26 丹东太智厨房设备有限公司 鼓风预混式燃气燃烧器
CN105423299A (zh) * 2015-12-28 2016-03-23 广东海信家电有限公司 一种分气盘、燃烧器及燃气灶
CN106895401A (zh) * 2016-03-20 2017-06-27 孙瑜 一种焰心增氧助燃式燃气燃烧器
CN105823043B (zh) * 2016-03-21 2018-05-29 广东工业大学 节能型燃气燃烧系统
US11226092B2 (en) 2016-09-22 2022-01-18 Utilization Technology Development, Nfp Low NOx combustion devices and methods
IT201800005589A1 (it) * 2018-05-22 2019-11-22 Bruciatore modulare
DE102019121922B3 (de) * 2019-08-14 2020-11-26 Alfons Krapf Außenmischender Gasreihenbrenner

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US1518577A (en) * 1922-09-07 1924-12-09 Stephen P Enright Gas heater
FR639438A (fr) * 1927-01-24 1928-06-21 Brûleur à gaz
US1697002A (en) * 1928-02-01 1929-01-01 Evanko John George Gas-saving appliance
US2594914A (en) * 1949-02-12 1952-04-29 Grosskloss John Frederick Burner
US3061001A (en) * 1958-09-12 1962-10-30 Zink Co John Gaseous fuel burner
FR1284906A (fr) * 1961-03-24 1962-02-16 Cie Belgo Luxembourgeoise Du C Brûleur à gaz
US3203769A (en) * 1961-12-06 1965-08-31 Res Ass Of Polymer Raw Materia Furnace for cracking hydrocarbons having a flame-adjustable burner
US3204682A (en) * 1963-08-26 1965-09-07 American Gas Furnace Co Oxy-gas blowpipe
DE1529197B1 (de) * 1966-04-06 1970-04-30 Kurt Krieger Strahlungsbrenner
FR1520464A (fr) * 1967-01-12 1968-04-12 Air Liquide Perfectionnement aux brûleurs-rampes
GB1232596A (pt) * 1967-09-29 1971-05-19
GB1227347A (pt) * 1967-10-26 1971-04-07
US3574507A (en) * 1969-07-31 1971-04-13 Gen Electric Air/fuel mixing and flame-stabilizing device for fluid fuel burners
US3695818A (en) * 1969-10-31 1972-10-03 Rinnai Kk Radiant burner
FR2157328A5 (pt) * 1971-10-18 1973-06-01 Mitsubishi Electric Corp
JPS5333903A (en) * 1976-09-10 1978-03-30 Nippon Steel Corp Burner for heat regeneration type hot stove
EP0069245A3 (de) * 1981-07-03 1983-11-16 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Aussenmischender Brenngas-Sauerstoff-Brenner
US4848313A (en) * 1987-03-23 1989-07-18 Scheu Manufacturing Company Compact forced air heater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE86371T1 (de) 1993-03-15
US4887963A (en) 1989-12-19
DE68905056D1 (de) 1993-04-08
FR2628826A1 (fr) 1989-09-22
CN1036822A (zh) 1989-11-01
MA21518A1 (fr) 1989-10-01
ES2037973T3 (es) 1993-07-01
GR3007212T3 (pt) 1993-07-30
KR890014961A (ko) 1989-10-25
FR2628826B1 (fr) 1992-04-24
TNSN89038A1 (fr) 1991-02-04
KR950013965B1 (ko) 1995-11-18
DK134689D0 (da) 1989-03-20
AU621093B2 (en) 1992-03-05
PT90045B (pt) 1994-03-31
AU3148189A (en) 1989-09-21
DK169632B1 (da) 1994-12-27
EP0334736A1 (fr) 1989-09-27
JPH01318805A (ja) 1989-12-25
PT90045A (pt) 1989-11-10
DE68905056T2 (de) 1993-08-19
DK134689A (da) 1989-09-22
CA1300485C (en) 1992-05-12
JPH0565766B2 (pt) 1993-09-20
ZA892011B (en) 1990-05-30
BR8901313A (pt) 1989-11-07

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