EP0334161A2 - Method and device for backlash adjustment in a differential with conical gears - Google Patents

Method and device for backlash adjustment in a differential with conical gears Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0334161A2
EP0334161A2 EP89104462A EP89104462A EP0334161A2 EP 0334161 A2 EP0334161 A2 EP 0334161A2 EP 89104462 A EP89104462 A EP 89104462A EP 89104462 A EP89104462 A EP 89104462A EP 0334161 A2 EP0334161 A2 EP 0334161A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bevel gear
bevel
differential
air cylinder
differential housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP89104462A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0334161A3 (en
Inventor
Michael S. Cook
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deere and Co
Original Assignee
Deere and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deere and Co filed Critical Deere and Co
Publication of EP0334161A2 publication Critical patent/EP0334161A2/en
Publication of EP0334161A3 publication Critical patent/EP0334161A3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/12—Arrangements for adjusting or for taking-up backlash not provided for elsewhere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/08—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H2048/382—Methods for manufacturing differential gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • F16H57/022—Adjustment of gear shafts or bearings
    • F16H2057/0221—Axial adjustment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021—Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • F16H57/022—Adjustment of gear shafts or bearings
    • F16H2057/0227—Assembly method measuring first tolerances or position and selecting mating parts accordingly, e.g. special sized shims for transmission bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/12—Arrangements for adjusting or for taking-up backlash not provided for elsewhere
    • F16H2057/125—Adjustment of backlash during mounting or assembly of gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
    • F16H55/18—Special devices for taking up backlash
    • F16H55/20—Special devices for taking up backlash for bevel gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
    • Y10T29/49771—Quantitative measuring or gauging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19623—Backlash take-up

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for adjusting the play between the bevel gears and the bevel pinions of a bevel gear differential, in which a bevel gear and the bevel pinions are first used in a differential housing half, and a device for carrying out the method.
  • a typical bevel gear differential has two bevel gears and several bevel pinions, usually four, which are arranged in a differential housing. If it is a limited slip differential, several clutch and cutting disks are arranged between each bevel gear and the differential housing in order to couple the bevel gear to the housing. A small play or a small backlash between each bevel gear and the bevel pinions is normally required for proper operation.
  • the game is usually adjusted by inserting intermediate layers of appropriate thickness between the bevel gear and the housing. With limited slip differentials, the intermediate layers are inserted between the clutch pack and either the housing or the bevel gear.
  • each bevel gear and the bevel pinions usually has to be adjusted separately for each differential by selecting shims of appropriate thickness.
  • the game was previously set so that first a bevel gear and the clutch pack (if one was used) was inserted into the corresponding differential case half.
  • the conical pinions mounted on their journals were then brought into position, which they take up with the differential fully assembled.
  • the bevel pinions were then turned back and forth by hand, the clearance being measured directly by means of a micrometer, for example by determining how far each bevel pinion can be rotated before it hits the bevel gear.
  • the average measured play of all bevel pinions was then used to estimate the thickness of the shims required to adjust the play according to the design specification.
  • An interlayer pack of this thickness was then inserted and the process repeated until the required play was set. This whole process was then repeated with the other bevel gear in the other half of the differential case. This adjustment and compilation could take up to three hours for an entire differential.
  • the object on which the invention is based is seen in specifying a method and a device with the aid of which a significant reduction in the response time for a differential can be achieved.
  • the device according to the invention for performing the described method preferably contains a retaining ring on which a differential housing half can be aligned in a predeterminable position.
  • the bevel gear, the clutch pack (if available) and the bevel pinions are inserted into the differential housing and the tensioning mechanism presses the bevel gear journals into their desired position on the housing.
  • the tensioning mechanism also preferably compresses the bevel gear and clutch pack to remove any play between them which could result in an incorrect reading.
  • An air cylinder is preferably provided, by means of which the bevel gear can be pressed against the bevel pinion if necessary against the biasing force of the tensioning mechanism. If the pressure required for this can also be applied by hand, the air cylinder has the advantage that different pressure forces due to manual operation can be excluded.
  • a micrometer is particularly suitable for measuring the displacement of the air cylinder and the bevel gears. If desired, the micrometer can be calibrated to directly indicate the thickness of the liner required. Different scales for the micrometer are required for different differentials.
  • the clamping device is released and the differential is partially disassembled so that the intermediate layers can be inserted. Then the parts are reassembled and the measurement is checked. The entire process is repeated with the other half of the differential case. Finally, the differential is finally assembled.
  • FIG. 1 shows a preferred setting device according to the invention, which is suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the setting device has a tensioning device 10, an air cylinder 12 and a micrometer 14, which are connected to a base frame 16.
  • a retaining ring 18 is connected to the base frame 16 and aligned coaxially with the air cylinder 12.
  • the bearing boss 20 of the differential housing half 22 fits snugly against the inside of the inner edge 24 of the retaining ring 18 and thus precisely defines the position of the differential housing half 22 relative to the air cylinder 12.
  • the device is shown with a half of a limited slip differential 13 received by it.
  • the differential contains a plurality of clutch and separating disks nested with one another, which form a clutch pack 26, as well as a bevel gear 28 and a number of bevel gears 30 mounted on a cross pin 32.
  • the cross pin 32 rests in recesses provided for this purpose in the differential housing 22 lies between the clutch pack 26 and the differential housing half 22.
  • the tensioning device 10 serves to press the cross pin 32 into the recesses 34 and to press the clutch pack 26 and the bevel gear 28 completely together.
  • the tensioning device 10 has at one of its ends a tensioning cap 38, the outer edge of which is pressed against the cross pin 32 when the tensioning device 10 is closed.
  • the cross pin 32 is pressed firmly into the recesses 34.
  • the tensioning cap 38 is shaped in such a way that interfering interference with the bevel pinions 30 is avoided, so that the bevel pinions 30 can be freely rotated about the associated cross pin axes.
  • the tensioner further includes a few fingers or retaining pins 40 that extend downward from the center of the tension cap 38 to press against the top surface of the bevel gear 28, thereby compressing the clutch pack 26 and the bevel gear 28.
  • These retaining pins 40 extend from a central cylinder 42 which is slidably attached to the tensioning cap 38 via a shoulder screw 44.
  • a spring 46 extending between the tensioning cap 38 and the retaining pins 40 biases the retaining pins 40 against the bevel gear 28.
  • the holding pins 40 are dimensioned and arranged such that they extend between the cross pins 32 without influencing them or the bevel pinion 30. 1, the clamping force of the clamping device 10 can be applied by a simple lever mechanism 48. Another suitable mechanism can obviously also be used here.
  • the air cylinder 12 has a pneumatic cylinder 50 which is filled with compressed air to raise the bevel gear 28, as will be described below.
  • the pneumatic cylinder 50 carries a rod 52 which extends in the direction of the bevel gear 28.
  • the upper end of the rod 52 is connected to a cylinder 54 which has a force transmitter 56.
  • the force transmitter 56 is preferably firmly connected to the cylinder 54, for example with the help a set screw 58.
  • the rod 52 is guided in a reducing sleeve 60, which is fastened to the base frame 16 of the adjusting device, in order to ensure an exact alignment of the entire air cylinder apparatus 12.
  • the force transmitter 56 has an upwardly extending fitting 61, which lies closely in the bore of the bevel gear 28.
  • the upper surface 62 of the fitting 61 is preferably curved or conical in order to allow easy fitting of the fitting 61 in the bevel gear 28. Since the connection between the fitting 61 and the bevel gear 28 is free of play, the bevel gear 28 is precisely aligned with respect to the outer elements of the differential, provided that it is mounted on the fitting 61. However, the play-free seat also has the consequence that the adapter 61 can get stuck in the bevel gear 28. Suitable measures are therefore proposed, such as a threaded pin 58 for fixing the fitting 61 in the cylinder 54.
  • the lower surface of the bevel gear 28 bears against the upper surface of the force transmitter 56, so that the cylinder 54 can push the bevel gear 28 upwards towards the bevel pinions 30.
  • the micrometer 14 includes a rod 64 which is pivotally attached to the base frame 16 at a pivot point 66.
  • One end 68 of the rod 64 extends into a hole 70 in the cylinder 54 so that the end 68 is moved up and down with the cylinder 54.
  • the rod end 68 is preferably spherical to reduce frictional forces between its outer surface and the bore 70.
  • a counterweight 72 is preferably arranged at the other end 74 of the rod 64.
  • the position of the counterweight 72 with respect to the rod 64 is preferably adjustable by means of a screw thread 76. This allows the exact setting of an equilibrium position.
  • a measuring piston 78 with a graduation indicator 80 is also fastened to the base frame 16 via a support 82, the piston 78 and the indicator 80 being precisely aligned relative to the base frame are.
  • the graduation mark 80 can preferably be set by means of a setting button 84, so that a reset to zero is possible after each use.
  • piston 78 pushes against the upper surface of rod 64 and graduation indicator 80 shows the amount of displacement of rod 64 at that point.
  • the piston 78 presses against the rod at a location that is exactly the same distance from the fulcrum 66 as the center line of the air cylinder 12 and the spherical end of the rod 64.
  • the adjustment of the rod 64 is at the location of the point of application of the measuring piston 78 exactly as large as the adjustment of the bevel gear 28.
  • the graduation mark 80 should be calibrated so that an accurate reading of the adjustment is possible. If this is desired, the scale graduation on the graduation display 80 can already be carried out in such a way that the thickness of the intermediate layer 36 is displayed immediately.
  • the graduation mark 80 can also have several preset graduations, so that the same setting device can be used for setting different differentials.
  • the differential housing half 22 is placed on the retaining ring 18.
  • the clutch pack 26 and the bevel gear 28 are inserted into the housing half 22.
  • the bevel pinions 30 are pushed onto the corresponding cross pin axes 32, which are then inserted into the recesses 34 in the housing half 22.
  • the clamping device 10 is then positioned over the differential housing half 22 assembled in this way, the retaining pins 40 extending between the cross pins 32 in order to engage the bevel gear 28.
  • the clamping device 10 is closed, the cross pins 32 are held in the recesses 34 and the clutch pack 26 and the bevel gear 28 are pressed together by the spring 46 and the retaining pins 40.
  • the air cylinder 12 is put into operation in order to first push the bevel gear 28 in the direction of the bevel pinion 30. Then the air cylinder 12 is relieved again, so that the bevel gear 28 moves downward by the force of the spring 46. This process is repeated several times, which ensures a clean fit of the bevel gear 28 and the bevel pinion 30.
  • the graduation mark 80 is set to zero, the air cylinder 12 is put into operation and the distance by which the bevel gear 28 has shifted is read from the graduation mark 80.
  • the previously calculated correct displacement between bevel gear 28 and bevel gears 30 is subtracted from the value read. This difference gives the correct thickness of the interlayer package. If, for example, the design specification requires a distance of 1.8 mm, while the measurement is 10 mm, an intermediate layer thickness of 8.2 mm must be used.
  • the clamping device 10 is now released, the parts are removed from the differential housing half 22, the insert package 36 is inserted and finally the other parts are inserted again into the differential housing half. Then the clamping device 10 is closed again and the measurement is repeated. If the graduation mark 80 is now within the previously defined tolerance range for the gear wheel play, the setting for this differential housing half 22 is completed. For example, a typical tolerance range for a selected shift of 1.8 mm is between 1.0 mm and 2.3 mm, so that the game can be regarded as correctly set if the graduation indicator 80 lies in this range. If the measurement is not within this tolerance, the deviation is displayed and an intermediate layer package 36 of appropriate thickness is inserted or removed.
  • the adjusting device according to the invention is readily applicable to different differentials of different sizes. It is only necessary to replace the retaining ring 18, which is adapted to the differential, and the force transmitter 56 with the adapter 61 and to adjust the position of the weight 72 in order to counteract a deviation in the mass of the force transmitter 56. If the differentials to be set differ greatly from one another, it may also be necessary to adapt the clamping cap 38 and the retaining pin part 40 to adapt to the differential dimensions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

Um das Spiel zwischen Kegelritzeln (30) und Kegelrädern (28) bei einem Kegelraddifferential einzustellen, werden die Teile in die entsprechende Differentialgehäusehälfte (22) eingesetzt. Die Kegelritzel (30) werden an der Differentialgehäusehälfte (22) festgehalten, und das Kegelrad (28) wird in Richtung Kegelritzel (30) gedrückt. Die hierdurch verursachte Verschiebung des Kegelrades (28) wird gemessen. Eine Zwischenlage (36) wird zwischen das Kegelrad (28) und das Differentialgehäuse (22) eingefügt, deren Dicke der Differenz zwischen der gemessenen Verschiebung und einer vorherberechneten, für das konstruktionsbedingte Spiel erforderlichen Verschiebung entspricht. Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens enthält eine Spannvorrichtung (10), durch die die Kegelritzel (30) am Differentialgehäuse (22) festgelegt werden, Ausrichtmittel (18) zur genauen Ausrichtung des Differentialgehäuses (22) und des Kegelrades (28) relativ zueinander, einen Luftzylinder (12), durch den sich das Kegelrad (28) in Richtung Kegelritzel (30) verschieben läßt und ein Mikrometer (14) zur Messung der Verschiebestrecke des Kegelrades (28). Die Spannvorrichtung (10) enthält vorzugsweise Haltestifte (40), die mittels Federkraft das Kegelrad (28) von den Kegelritzeln (30) wegdrücken, um gegebenenfalls ein Kupplungspaket (26) eines Selbstsperrdifferentials zusammenzudrücken.In order to adjust the play between bevel pinions (30) and bevel gears (28) with a bevel gear differential, the parts are inserted into the corresponding differential housing half (22). The bevel pinions (30) are held on the differential housing half (22) and the bevel gear (28) is pressed in the direction of the bevel pinion (30). The displacement of the bevel gear (28) caused thereby is measured. An intermediate layer (36) is inserted between the bevel gear (28) and the differential housing (22), the thickness of which corresponds to the difference between the measured displacement and a previously calculated displacement required for the design-related play. A device for carrying out the method contains a tensioning device (10), by means of which the bevel pinions (30) are fixed to the differential housing (22), alignment means (18) for precisely aligning the differential housing (22) and the bevel gear (28) relative to one another Air cylinder (12) through which the bevel gear (28) can be displaced in the direction of the bevel pinion (30) and a micrometer (14) for measuring the displacement distance of the bevel gear (28). The tensioning device (10) preferably contains retaining pins (40) which, by means of spring force, press the bevel gear (28) away from the bevel pinions (30) in order to compress a clutch pack (26) of a self-locking differential, if necessary.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Einstellung des Spiels zwischen den Kegelrädern und den Kegelritzeln eines Kegelraddifferentials, bei dem zunächst ein Kegelrad und die Kegelritzel in eine Differentialgehäusehälfte einge­setzt werden, sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for adjusting the play between the bevel gears and the bevel pinions of a bevel gear differential, in which a bevel gear and the bevel pinions are first used in a differential housing half, and a device for carrying out the method.

Ein typisches Kegelraddifferential besitzt zwei Kegelräder und mehrere Kegelritzel, normalerweise vier, welche in ei­nem Differentialgehäuse angeordnet sind. Handelt es sich um ein Selbstsperrdifferential, so sind zwischen jedem Ke­gelrad und dem Differentialgehäuse mehrere Kupplungs- und Trennscheiben angeordnet, um das Kegelrad mit dem Gehäuse zu kuppeln. Für einen einwandfreien Betrieb ist normaler­weise ein kleines Spiel, bzw. ein kleiner Totgang zwischen jedem Kegelrad und den Kegelritzeln erforderlich. Das Spiel wird gewöhnlich eingestellt, indem zwischen das Kegelrad und das Gehäuse Zwischenlagen entsprechender Dicke einge­fügt werden. Bei Selbstsperrdifferentialen werden die Zwi­schenlagen zwischen das Kupplungspaket und entweder das Gehäuse oder das Kegelrad eingefügt.A typical bevel gear differential has two bevel gears and several bevel pinions, usually four, which are arranged in a differential housing. If it is a limited slip differential, several clutch and cutting disks are arranged between each bevel gear and the differential housing in order to couple the bevel gear to the housing. A small play or a small backlash between each bevel gear and the bevel pinions is normally required for proper operation. The game is usually adjusted by inserting intermediate layers of appropriate thickness between the bevel gear and the housing. With limited slip differentials, the intermediate layers are inserted between the clutch pack and either the housing or the bevel gear.

Wegen der unvermeidlichen Fertigungstoleranzen muß das Spiel zwischen jedem Kegelrad und den Kegelritzeln gewöhn­lich für jedes Differential gesondert durch Auswahl von Zwischenlagenscheiben geeigneter Dicke eingestellt werden. Das Spiel wurde bisher so eingestellt, daß zunächst ein Kegelrad und das Kupplungspaket (sofern eines verwendet wurde) in die entsprechende Differentialgehäusehälfte ein­gesetzt wurde. Hierauf wurden die auf ihren Zapfen montier­ten Kegelritzel in die Lage gebracht, die sie bei fertig montiertem Differential einnehmen. Die Kegelritzel wurden dann per Hand hin und her gedreht, wobei durch ein Mikro­meter das Spiel unmittelbar gemessen wurde, indem beispiels­weise ermittelt wurde, wie weit sich jedes Kegelritzel ver­drehen läßt, bevor es an das Kegelrad anstößt. Das durch­schnittlich gemessene Spiel aller Kegelritzel wurde dann herangezogen, um die Dicke der Zwischenlagen abzuschätzen, die erforderlich war, um das Spiel entsprechend der Kon­struktionsspezifikation einzustellen. Hierauf wurde ein Zwischenlagenpaket dieser Dicke eingefügt und das Verfah­ren wiederholt, bis das erforderliche Spiel eingestellt war. Dieses ganze Verfahren wurde dann mit dem anderen Ke­gelrad in der anderen Differentialgehäusehälfte wiederholt. Diese Einstellung und Zusammenstellung konnte für ein gan­zes Differential bis zu drei Stunden dauern.Because of the inevitable manufacturing tolerances, the clearance between each bevel gear and the bevel pinions usually has to be adjusted separately for each differential by selecting shims of appropriate thickness. The game was previously set so that first a bevel gear and the clutch pack (if one was used) was inserted into the corresponding differential case half. The conical pinions mounted on their journals were then brought into position, which they take up with the differential fully assembled. The bevel pinions were then turned back and forth by hand, the clearance being measured directly by means of a micrometer, for example by determining how far each bevel pinion can be rotated before it hits the bevel gear. The average measured play of all bevel pinions was then used to estimate the thickness of the shims required to adjust the play according to the design specification. An interlayer pack of this thickness was then inserted and the process repeated until the required play was set. This whole process was then repeated with the other bevel gear in the other half of the differential case. This adjustment and compilation could take up to three hours for an entire differential.

Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe wird darin ge­sehen, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, mit deren Hilfe eine signifikante Verringerung der Einstellzeit für ein Differential erreichbar ist.The object on which the invention is based is seen in specifying a method and a device with the aid of which a significant reduction in the response time for a differential can be achieved.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Anstelle des Hin- und Herdrehens der Kegelritzel werden die Kegelritzel am Differentialgehäu­se festgelegt und das Kegelrad wird in Richtung der Kegelrit­zel bewegt. Es ist relativ einfach im voraus zu berechnen, wie groß der Abstand zwischen dem Kegelrad und den Kegelrä­dern sein sollte, damit sich das gewünschte Spiel ergibt. Dieser erforderliche, richtige Abstand wird von der tatsäch­lich gemessenen Wegstrecke, die das Kegelrad in Richtung Kegelritzel zurückgelegt hat, abgezogen. Die Differenz er­gibt die erforderliche Zwischenlagendicke. Zwischenlagen dieser Dicke werden in das Differential eingefügt. Dann wird die Verschiebung des Kegelrades überprüft, und die Einstellung dieses Kegelrades ist abgeschlossen. Der Vor­gang wird für das andere Kegelrad wiederholt. Hierauf kann das Differential zusammengebaut werden. Mit einer Vorrich­tung gemäß Patentanspruch 4 kann der gesamte Vorgang in nicht mehr als zehn Minuten durchgeführt werden.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Instead of rotating the bevel pinions back and forth, the bevel pinions are fixed to the differential housing and the bevel gear is moved in the direction of the bevel pinions. It is relatively easy to calculate in advance how large the distance between the bevel gear and the bevel gears should be in order to achieve the desired play. This required, correct distance is subtracted from the actually measured distance traveled by the bevel gear in the direction of the bevel pinion. The difference gives the required interlayer thickness. Intermediate layers of this thickness are inserted into the differential. Then the shift of the bevel gear is checked and the setting of this bevel gear is completed. The process is repeated for the other bevel gear. The differential can then be assembled. With a device according to claim 4, the entire process can be carried out in no more than ten minutes.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des be­schriebenen Verfahrens, wie sie aus Patentanspruch 4 hervorgeht, enthält vorzugsweise einen Haltering, auf dem eine Differentialgehäusehälfte in eine vorherbestimmbare Position ausgerichtet werden kann. Das Kegelrad, das Kupp­lungspaket (falls vorhanden) und die Kegelritzel werden in das Differentialgehäuse eingesetzt und der Spannmechanismus drückt die Kegelradzapfen in ihre Sollage auf das Gehäuse. Der Spannmechanismus drückt vorzugsweise auch das Kegelrad und das Kupplungspaket zusammen, um ein etwaiges Spiel zwi­schen diesen zu beseitigen, welches zu einer falschen Ab­lesung führen könnte.The device according to the invention for performing the described method, as can be seen from claim 4, preferably contains a retaining ring on which a differential housing half can be aligned in a predeterminable position. The bevel gear, the clutch pack (if available) and the bevel pinions are inserted into the differential housing and the tensioning mechanism presses the bevel gear journals into their desired position on the housing. The tensioning mechanism also preferably compresses the bevel gear and clutch pack to remove any play between them which could result in an incorrect reading.

Vorzugsweise ist ein Luftzylinder vorgesehen, durch den sich das Kegelrad gegebenenfalls gegen die Vorspannungs­kraft des Spannmechanismus gegen die Kegelritzel drücken läßt. Wenn auch der hierfür erforderliche Druck von Hand aufgebracht werden kann, hat der Luftzylinder doch den Vor­teil, daß unterschiedliche Druckkräfte infolge Handbetäti­gung ausgeschlossen werden können.An air cylinder is preferably provided, by means of which the bevel gear can be pressed against the bevel pinion if necessary against the biasing force of the tensioning mechanism. If the pressure required for this can also be applied by hand, the air cylinder has the advantage that different pressure forces due to manual operation can be excluded.

Ein Mikrometer ist besonders geeignet, um die Verschiebung des Luftzylinders und der Kegelräder zu messen. Falls dies gewünscht wird, kann das Mikrometer so geeicht werden, daß es direkt die Dicke der erforderlichen Zwischenlage anzeigt. Hierfür sind für unterschiedliche Differentiale unterschied­liche Skalen für das Mikrometer erforderlich.A micrometer is particularly suitable for measuring the displacement of the air cylinder and the bevel gears. If desired, the micrometer can be calibrated to directly indicate the thickness of the liner required. Different scales for the micrometer are required for different differentials.

Nachdem die Messung ausgeführt wurde, wird die Spannvor­richtung gelöst und das Differential teilweise wieder zer­legt, um die Zwischenlagen einfügen zu können. Dann werden die Teile wieder zusammengesetzt und die Messung wird über­prüft. Der gesamte Vorgang wird mit der anderen Differen­tialgehäusehälfte wiederholt. Zum Schluß wird das Differen­tial entgültig zusammengebaut.After the measurement has been carried out, the clamping device is released and the differential is partially disassembled so that the intermediate layers can be inserted. Then the parts are reassembled and the measurement is checked. The entire process is repeated with the other half of the differential case. Finally, the differential is finally assembled.

Anhand der Zeichnung, in der ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung gezeigt ist, werden die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Er­findung näher erläutert.The invention and further advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which an exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown.

Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine Teilschnittansicht der erfindungsge­mäßen Einstellvorrichtung, und
  • Fig. 2 eine Aufsicht entlang der Linie 2-2 in Fig. 1.
It shows:
  • Fig. 1 is a partial sectional view of the adjusting device according to the invention, and
  • FIG. 2 is a top view along line 2-2 in FIG. 1.

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine bevorzugte Einstellvorrichtung ge­mäß der Erfindung, welche geeignet ist, das erfindungsge­mäße Verfahren auszuführen. Wie in Figur 1 gezeigt, weist die Einstellvorrichtung eine Spannvorrichtung 10, einen Luftzylinder 12 und ein Mikrometer 14 auf, welche mit ei­nem Untergestell 16 verbunden sind. Ferner ist ein Halte­ring 18 mit dem Untergestell 16 verbunden und koaxial zum Luftzylinder 12 ausgerichtet. Bei Anwendung liegt der Lager­ansatz 20 der Differentialgehäusehälfte 22 satt an der In­nenseite des inneren Randes 24 des Halteringes 18 an und legt damit genau die Lage der Differentialgehäusehälfte 22 relativ zum Luftzylinder 12 fest.FIG. 1 shows a preferred setting device according to the invention, which is suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the setting device has a tensioning device 10, an air cylinder 12 and a micrometer 14, which are connected to a base frame 16. Furthermore, a retaining ring 18 is connected to the base frame 16 and aligned coaxially with the air cylinder 12. In use, the bearing boss 20 of the differential housing half 22 fits snugly against the inside of the inner edge 24 of the retaining ring 18 and thus precisely defines the position of the differential housing half 22 relative to the air cylinder 12.

Die Vorrichtung ist mit einer Hälfte eines von ihm aufge­nommenen Selbstsperrdifferentials 13 dargestellt. Neben der Differentialgehäusehälfte 22 enthält das Differential mehrere miteinander verschachtelte Kupplungs- und Trenn­scheiben, die ein Kupplungspaket 26 bilden, sowie ein Ke­gelrad 28 und mehrere auf einem Kreuzzapfen 32 montierte Kegelritzen 30. Der Kreuzzapfen 32 ruht in hierfür vorge­sehenen Vertiefungen im Differentialgehäuse 22. Eine Zwi­schenlage 36 liegt zwischen dem Kupplungspaket 26 und der Differentialgehäusehälfte 22.The device is shown with a half of a limited slip differential 13 received by it. In addition to the differential housing half 22, the differential contains a plurality of clutch and separating disks nested with one another, which form a clutch pack 26, as well as a bevel gear 28 and a number of bevel gears 30 mounted on a cross pin 32. The cross pin 32 rests in recesses provided for this purpose in the differential housing 22 lies between the clutch pack 26 and the differential housing half 22.

Die Spannvorrichtung 10 dient dazu, den Kreuzzapfen 32 in die Vertiefungen 34 zu drücken und das Kupplungspaket 26 und das Kegelrad 28 vollständig zusammenzudrücken. Insbe­sondere weist die Spannvorrichtung 10 an einem ihrer Enden eine Spannkappe 38 auf, deren äußerer Rand gegen den Kreuz­zapfen 32 niedergedrückt wird, wenn die Spannvorrichtung 10 geschlossen ist. Dabei wird der Kreuzzapfen 32 fest in die Vertiefungen 34 gepreßt. Die Spannkappe 38 ist so ge­formt, daß eine störende gegenseitige Beeinflussung mit den Kegelritzeln 30 vermieden wird, so daß die Kegelritzel 30 frei um die zugehörigen Kreuzzapfenachsen verdrehbar sind. Die Spannvorrichtung weist ferner einige Finger oder Haltestifte 40 auf, die sich aus der Mitte der Spannkappe 38 nach unten erstrecken, um gegen die obere Oberfläche des Kegelrades 28 zu drücken und dabei das Kupplungspaket 26 und das Kegelrad 28 zusammenzupressen. Diese Haltestif­te 40 erstrecken sich von einem mittleren Zylinder 42 aus, welcher über eine Schulterschraube 44 verschiebbar an der Spannkappe 38 befestigt ist. Eine sich zwischen Spannkappe 38 und den Haltestiften 40 erstreckende Feder 46 spannt die Haltestifte 40 gegen das Kegelrad 28 vor. Wie aus Fig. 2 hervorgeht, sind die Haltestifte 40 so bemessen und an­geordnet, daß sie sich zwischen den Kreuzzapfen 32 hin­durch erstrecken, ohne diese oder die Kegelritzel 30 zu beeinflussen. Gemäß Fig. 1 kann die Spannkraft der Spann­vorrichtung 10 durch einen einfachen Hebelmechanismus 48 aufgebracht werden. Offensichtlich ist hier auch ein an­derer geeigneter Mechanismus verwendbar.The tensioning device 10 serves to press the cross pin 32 into the recesses 34 and to press the clutch pack 26 and the bevel gear 28 completely together. In particular, the tensioning device 10 has at one of its ends a tensioning cap 38, the outer edge of which is pressed against the cross pin 32 when the tensioning device 10 is closed. The cross pin 32 is pressed firmly into the recesses 34. The tensioning cap 38 is shaped in such a way that interfering interference with the bevel pinions 30 is avoided, so that the bevel pinions 30 can be freely rotated about the associated cross pin axes. The tensioner further includes a few fingers or retaining pins 40 that extend downward from the center of the tension cap 38 to press against the top surface of the bevel gear 28, thereby compressing the clutch pack 26 and the bevel gear 28. These retaining pins 40 extend from a central cylinder 42 which is slidably attached to the tensioning cap 38 via a shoulder screw 44. A spring 46 extending between the tensioning cap 38 and the retaining pins 40 biases the retaining pins 40 against the bevel gear 28. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the holding pins 40 are dimensioned and arranged such that they extend between the cross pins 32 without influencing them or the bevel pinion 30. 1, the clamping force of the clamping device 10 can be applied by a simple lever mechanism 48. Another suitable mechanism can obviously also be used here.

Der Luftzylinder 12 weist einen pneumatischen Zylinder 50 auf, welcher mit Druckluft gefüllt wird, um das Kegelrad 28 anzuheben, wie weiter unten beschrieben wird. Der pneu­matische Zylinder 50 trägt einen sich in Richtung Kegelrad 28 erstreckenden Stab 52. Das obere Ende des Stabes 52 steht mit einem Zylinder 54 in Verbindung, der einen Kraft­übertrager 56 aufweist. Der Kraftübertrager 56 ist vorzugs­weise fest mit dem Zylinder 54 verbunden, z.B. mit Hilfe eines Gewindestiftes 58. Der Stab 52 wird in einer Reduzier­hülse 60 geführt, welche an dem Untergestell 16 der Einstell­vorrichtung befestigt ist, um so eine genaue Ausrichtung der ganzen Luftzylinderapparatur 12 zu gewährleisten. Der Kraftübertrager 56 weist ein sich nach oben erstreckendes Paßstück 61 auf, welches eng in der Bohrung des Kegelrades 28 anliegt. Die obere Oberfläche 62 des Paßstückes 61 ist vorzugsweise gewölbt oder kegelförmig ausgebildet, um einen leichten Einsatz des Paßstückes 61 in das Kegelrad 28 zu ermöglichen. Da die Verbindung zwischen Paßstück 61 und Kegelrad 28 spielfrei ist, ist das Kegelrad 28 hinsicht­lich der äußeren Elemente des Differentials genau ausgerich­tet, sofern es auf dem Paßstück 61 montiert ist. Der spiel­freie Sitz hat jedoch auch zur Folge, daß das Paßstück 61 in dem Kegelrad 28 stecken bleiben kann. Daher werden ge­eignete Maßnahmen, wie beispielsweise ein Gewindestift 58 zum Festsetzen des Paßstückes 61 in dem Zylinder 54, vorge­schlagen. Die untere Fläche des Kegelrades 28 liegt an der oberen Fläche des Kraftübertragers 56 an, so daß der Zylin­der 54 das Kegelrad 28 nach oben zu den Kegelritzeln 30 hin drücken kann.The air cylinder 12 has a pneumatic cylinder 50 which is filled with compressed air to raise the bevel gear 28, as will be described below. The pneumatic cylinder 50 carries a rod 52 which extends in the direction of the bevel gear 28. The upper end of the rod 52 is connected to a cylinder 54 which has a force transmitter 56. The force transmitter 56 is preferably firmly connected to the cylinder 54, for example with the help a set screw 58. The rod 52 is guided in a reducing sleeve 60, which is fastened to the base frame 16 of the adjusting device, in order to ensure an exact alignment of the entire air cylinder apparatus 12. The force transmitter 56 has an upwardly extending fitting 61, which lies closely in the bore of the bevel gear 28. The upper surface 62 of the fitting 61 is preferably curved or conical in order to allow easy fitting of the fitting 61 in the bevel gear 28. Since the connection between the fitting 61 and the bevel gear 28 is free of play, the bevel gear 28 is precisely aligned with respect to the outer elements of the differential, provided that it is mounted on the fitting 61. However, the play-free seat also has the consequence that the adapter 61 can get stuck in the bevel gear 28. Suitable measures are therefore proposed, such as a threaded pin 58 for fixing the fitting 61 in the cylinder 54. The lower surface of the bevel gear 28 bears against the upper surface of the force transmitter 56, so that the cylinder 54 can push the bevel gear 28 upwards towards the bevel pinions 30.

Das Mikrometer 14 enthält eine Stange 64, die in einem Drehpunkt 66 verkippbar an dem Untergestell 16 befestigt ist. Ein Ende 68 der Stange 64 erstreckt sich in ein Loch 70 im Zylinder 54, so daß das Ende 68 mit dem Zylinder 54 auf und ab bewegt wird. Das Stangenende 68 ist vorzugswei­se kugelförmig ausgebildet, um Reibungskräfte zwischen sei­ner äußeren Oberfläche und der Bohrung 70 zu vermindern. Am anderen Ende 74 der Stange 64 ist vorzugsweise ein Gegen­gewicht 72 angeordnet. Die Lage des Gegengewichtes 72 hin­sichtlich der Stange 64 ist vorzugsweise durch ein Schrau­bengewinde 76 einstellbar. Dies erlaubt die genaue Einstel­lung einer Gleichgewichtslage. An dem Untergestell 16 ist ferner über eine Stütze 82 ein Meßkolben 78 mit einer Teil­strichanzeige 80 befestigt, wobei der Kolben 78 und die Anzeige 80 relativ zum Untergestell genau ausgerichtet sind. Die Teilstrichanzeige 80 läßt sich vorzugsweise durch einen Einstellknopf 84 einstellen, so daß eine Rückstel­lung auf Null nach jeder Verwendung möglich ist. Wie darge­stellt, drückt der Kolben 78 gegen die obere Oberfläche der Stange 64, und die Teilstrichanzeige 80 zeigt den Be­trag der Verstellung der Stange 64 an diesem Punkt an. Vor­zugsweise drückt der Kolben 78 an einer Stelle gegen die Stange, die genau den gleichen Abstand zum Drehpunkt 66 hat, wie die Mittellinie des Luftzylinders 12 und das kugel­förmige Ende der Stange 64. Auf diese Weise ist die Verstel­lung der Stange 64 an der Stelle des Angriffspunktes des Meßkolbens 78 genau so groß wie die Verstellung des Kegel­rades 28. Die Teilstrichanzeige 80 sollte so geeicht werden, daß eine genaue Ablesung der Verstellung möglich ist. Falls dies gewünscht ist, kann die Skaleneinteilung auf der Teil­strichanzeige 80 bereits so vorgenommen werden, daß unmittel­bar die Dicke der Zwischenlage 36 angezeigt wird. Die Teil­strichanzeige 80 kann auch mehrere voreingestellte Skalenein­teilungen aufweisen, so daß dieselbe Einstellvorrichtung für die Einstellung verschiedener Differentiale verwendet werden kann.The micrometer 14 includes a rod 64 which is pivotally attached to the base frame 16 at a pivot point 66. One end 68 of the rod 64 extends into a hole 70 in the cylinder 54 so that the end 68 is moved up and down with the cylinder 54. The rod end 68 is preferably spherical to reduce frictional forces between its outer surface and the bore 70. A counterweight 72 is preferably arranged at the other end 74 of the rod 64. The position of the counterweight 72 with respect to the rod 64 is preferably adjustable by means of a screw thread 76. This allows the exact setting of an equilibrium position. A measuring piston 78 with a graduation indicator 80 is also fastened to the base frame 16 via a support 82, the piston 78 and the indicator 80 being precisely aligned relative to the base frame are. The graduation mark 80 can preferably be set by means of a setting button 84, so that a reset to zero is possible after each use. As shown, piston 78 pushes against the upper surface of rod 64 and graduation indicator 80 shows the amount of displacement of rod 64 at that point. Preferably, the piston 78 presses against the rod at a location that is exactly the same distance from the fulcrum 66 as the center line of the air cylinder 12 and the spherical end of the rod 64. In this way, the adjustment of the rod 64 is at the location of the point of application of the measuring piston 78 exactly as large as the adjustment of the bevel gear 28. The graduation mark 80 should be calibrated so that an accurate reading of the adjustment is possible. If this is desired, the scale graduation on the graduation display 80 can already be carried out in such a way that the thickness of the intermediate layer 36 is displayed immediately. The graduation mark 80 can also have several preset graduations, so that the same setting device can be used for setting different differentials.

Im folgenden wird die Anwendungsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Apparatur beschrieben. Zunächst wird die Differentialge­häusehälfte 22 auf den Haltering 18 aufgesetzt. Dann wer­den das Kupplungspaket 26 und das Kegelrad 28 in die Ge­häusehälfte 22 eingesetzt. Die Kegelritzel 30 werden auf die entsprechenden Kreuzzapfenachsen 32 aufgeschoben, welche dann in die Vertiefungen 34 in der Gehäusehälfte 22 einge­setzt werden. Über die derart zusammengestellte Differential­gehäusehälfte 22 wird hierauf die Spannvorrichtung 10 posi­tioniert, wobei die Haltestifte 40 sich zwischen den Kreuz­zapfen 32 erstrecken, um mit dem Kegelrad 28 in Eingriff zu treten. Bei geschlossener Spannvorrichtung 10 werden die Kreuzzapfen 32 in den Vertiefungen 34 gehalten und das Kupplungspaket 26 und das Kegelrad 28 durch die Feder 46 und die Haltestifte 40 zusammengepreßt.The mode of use of the apparatus according to the invention is described below. First, the differential housing half 22 is placed on the retaining ring 18. Then the clutch pack 26 and the bevel gear 28 are inserted into the housing half 22. The bevel pinions 30 are pushed onto the corresponding cross pin axes 32, which are then inserted into the recesses 34 in the housing half 22. The clamping device 10 is then positioned over the differential housing half 22 assembled in this way, the retaining pins 40 extending between the cross pins 32 in order to engage the bevel gear 28. When the clamping device 10 is closed, the cross pins 32 are held in the recesses 34 and the clutch pack 26 and the bevel gear 28 are pressed together by the spring 46 and the retaining pins 40.

Jetzt wird der Luftzylinder 12 in Betrieb genommen, um zu­nächst das Kegelrad 28 in Richtung der Kegelritzel 30 zu drücken. Dann wird der Luftzylinder 12 wieder entlastet, so daß sich das Kegelrad 28 durch die Kraft der Feder 46 nach unten bewegt. Dieser Vorgang wird mehrere Male wie­derholt, wodurch ein sauberer Sitz des Kegelrades 28 und der Kegelritzel 30 gewährleistet wird. Jetzt wird die Teil­strichanzeige 80 auf Null gestellt, der Luftzylinder 12 in Betrieb gesetzt und an der Teilstrichanzeige 80 der Abstand abgelesen, um den sich das Kegelrad 28 verschoben hat. Die zuvor berechnete korrekte Verschiebung zwischen Kegelrad 28 und Kegelrädern 30 wird von dem abgelesenen Wert abge­zogen. Diese Differenz ergibt die richtige Dicke des Zwi­schenlagenpaketes. Erfordert beispielsweise die Konstruk­tionsspezifikation einen Abstand von 1,8 mm, während die Messung 10 mm ergibt, so muß eine Zwischenlagendicke von 8.2 mm verwendet werden.Now the air cylinder 12 is put into operation in order to first push the bevel gear 28 in the direction of the bevel pinion 30. Then the air cylinder 12 is relieved again, so that the bevel gear 28 moves downward by the force of the spring 46. This process is repeated several times, which ensures a clean fit of the bevel gear 28 and the bevel pinion 30. Now the graduation mark 80 is set to zero, the air cylinder 12 is put into operation and the distance by which the bevel gear 28 has shifted is read from the graduation mark 80. The previously calculated correct displacement between bevel gear 28 and bevel gears 30 is subtracted from the value read. This difference gives the correct thickness of the interlayer package. If, for example, the design specification requires a distance of 1.8 mm, while the measurement is 10 mm, an intermediate layer thickness of 8.2 mm must be used.

Die Spannvorrichtung 10 wird nun gelöst, die Teile werden aus der Differentialgehäusehälfte 22 herausgenommen, das Beilagepaket 36 wird eingesetzt und schließlich werden die anderen Teile wieder in die Differentialgehäusehälfte ein­gefügt. Dann wird die Spannvorrichtung 10 wieder geschlos­sen und die Messung wiederholt. Liegt die Teilstrichanzei­ge 80 nun innerhalb des vorher festgelegten Toleranzberei­ches für das Zahnradspiel, so ist die Einstellung für die­se Differentialgehäusehälfte 22 abgeschlossen. Beispiels­weise liegt ein typischer Toleranzbereich für eine ausge­wählte Verschiebung von 1,8 mm zwischen 1,0 mm und 2,3 mm, so daß das Spiel dann als richtig eingestellt angesehen werden kann, wenn die Teilstrichanzeige 80 in diesem Be­reich liegt. Liegt die Messung nicht innerhalb dieser To­leranz, so wird die Abweichung angezeigt und ein Zwischen­lagenpaket 36 entsprechender Dicke eingefügt bzw. heraus­genommen.The clamping device 10 is now released, the parts are removed from the differential housing half 22, the insert package 36 is inserted and finally the other parts are inserted again into the differential housing half. Then the clamping device 10 is closed again and the measurement is repeated. If the graduation mark 80 is now within the previously defined tolerance range for the gear wheel play, the setting for this differential housing half 22 is completed. For example, a typical tolerance range for a selected shift of 1.8 mm is between 1.0 mm and 2.3 mm, so that the game can be regarded as correctly set if the graduation indicator 80 lies in this range. If the measurement is not within this tolerance, the deviation is displayed and an intermediate layer package 36 of appropriate thickness is inserted or removed.

Dieses Verfahren wird dann mit dem anderen Kegelrad und der anderen Differentialgehäusehälfte wiederholt. Ist die passende Zwischenlagendicke für jede Seite bestimmt, so kann das Differential rasch zusammengesetzt werden, womit die Einstellung abgeschlossen ist.This process is then repeated with the other bevel gear and the other half of the differential case. Once the appropriate interlayer thickness has been determined for each side, the differential can be assembled quickly, which completes the setting.

Die Einstellvorrichtung entsprechend der Erfindung ist oh­ne weiteres für verschiedene Differentiale unterschiedli­cher Größe anwendbar. Hierbei ist es lediglich erforder­lich, den auf das Differential angepaßten Haltering 18 und den Kraftübertrager 56 mit dem Paßstück 61 zu ersetzen und die Position des Gewichtes 72 einzustellen, um einer Abwei­chung der Masse des Kraftübertragers 56 entgegenzuwirken. Weichen die einzustellenden Differentiale sehr stark von­einander ab, so kann es für die Anpassung an die Differen­tialabmessungen auch erforderlich sein, die Spannkappe 38 und das Haltestiftteil 40 auszuwechseln.The adjusting device according to the invention is readily applicable to different differentials of different sizes. It is only necessary to replace the retaining ring 18, which is adapted to the differential, and the force transmitter 56 with the adapter 61 and to adjust the position of the weight 72 in order to counteract a deviation in the mass of the force transmitter 56. If the differentials to be set differ greatly from one another, it may also be necessary to adapt the clamping cap 38 and the retaining pin part 40 to adapt to the differential dimensions.

Vorstehend wurde die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles beschrieben. Das Verfahren läßt sich jedoch mit jeder geeigneten Vorrichtung und sogar von Hand ausführen. Auch wenn das Verfahren und die Vorrichtung hier in Verbindung mit einem Selbstsperrdifferential be­schrieben wurden, so läßt sich das Spiel auf ähnliche Wei­se auch bei anderen Arten von Kegelraddifferentialen anwen­den.The invention has been described above using a preferred exemplary embodiment. However, the method can be carried out with any suitable device and even by hand. Even though the method and the device have been described here in connection with a self-locking differential, the game can be applied in a similar way to other types of bevel gear differentials.

Claims (15)

1. Verfahren zur Einstellung des Spiels zwischen den Kegel­rädern und den Kegelritzeln eines Kegelraddifferentials, bei dem zunächst ein Kegelrad und die Kegelritzel in eine Differentialgehäusehälfte eingesetzt werden, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kegelrad (28) in Richtung der Kegelritzel (30) gedrückt wird, während die Kegelrit­zel (30) in ihrer Sollage in der Differentialgehäusehälf­te (22) festgehalten werden, daß der Abstand, um den sich das Kegelrad (28) beim Drücken verschiebt, gemes­sen wird, daß ein Zwischenlagenpaket (36) gebildet wird, dessen Dicke in etwa der Differenz zwischen dem gemessen Abstand und einem vorherbestimmten erforderli­chen Abstand zwischen Kegelrad (28) und Kegelritzeln (30) entspricht, und daß das Zwischenlagenpaket (36) in die Differentialgehäusehälfte (22) zwischen Gehäuse (22) und Kegelrad (28) eingefügt wird.1. A method for adjusting the play between the bevel gears and the bevel pinions of a bevel gear differential, in which a bevel gear and the bevel pinion are first inserted into a differential housing half, characterized in that the bevel gear (28) is pressed in the direction of the bevel pinion (30) while the bevel pinions (30) are held in their desired position in the differential housing half (22), that the distance by which the bevel gear (28) moves when pressed is measured, that an intermediate layer package (36) is formed, the thickness of which is approximately that Difference between the measured distance and a predetermined required distance between the bevel gear (28) and bevel pinions (30) corresponds, and that the intermediate layer package (36) is inserted into the differential housing half (22) between the housing (22) and bevel gear (28). 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein zweites Kegelrad (28) und die Kegelritzel (30) in eine zweite Differentialgetriebehälfte (22) einge­setzt werden, und daß entsprechend Anspruch 1 verfah­ren wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a second bevel gear (28) and the bevel pinion (30) are used in a second differential gear half (22), and that the procedure is according to claim 1. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 zur Spieleinstellung bei einem Selbstsperrdifferential, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß vor dem Drücken des Kegelrades (28) in Rich­tung Kegelritzel (30) das Kegelrad (28) in Richtung seiner Anlage an der zugehörigen Differentialgehäuse­hälfte (22) gedrückt wird, um ein Kupplungspaket (26) des Selbstsperrdifferentials zusammenzudrücken.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2 for adjusting the play with a limited slip differential, characterized in that before the bevel gear (28) is pressed in the direction of the bevel pinion (30), the bevel gear (28) is pressed in the direction of its contact with the associated differential housing half (22) to compress a clutch pack (26) of the limited-slip differential. 4. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, mit Mitteln (38) zum Halten der Kegelritzel (30) in einer Differentialgehäusehälf­te (22), die eine Rotation der Kegelritzel (30) zulas­sen, mit Mitteln (12) zum wahlweisen Drücken der Kegel­räder (28) innerhalb der Differentialgehäusehälfte (22) in Richtung der Kegelritzel (30) und mit Mitteln (14) zur Messung des Ausmaßes der Verschiebung des Kegelrades (28) infolge der Drückbewegung.4. Device for performing the method according to one of claims 1 to 3, with means (38) for holding the bevel pinion (30) in a differential housing half (22) which allow rotation of the bevel pinion (30) with means (12) for optionally pressing the bevel gears (28) within the differential housing half (22) in the direction of the bevel pinion (30) and by means (14) for measuring the extent of the displacement of the bevel gear (28) as a result of the pushing movement. 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel (40, 46) vorgesehen sind, durch die das Kegelrad (28) von den Kegelritzeln (30) weg gedrückt wird.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that means (40, 46) are provided through which the bevel gear (28) of the bevel pinions (30) is pressed away. 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß Mittel (18) zur genauen Lageeinstellung zwischen der Differentialgehäusehälfte (22) und den Mitteln (12) zum Drücken des Kegelrades (28) vorgesehen sind.6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that means (18) for the exact position adjustment between the differential housing half (22) and the means (12) for pressing the bevel gear (28) are provided. 7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Mittel (61) zur genauen Lageeinstel­lung des Kegelrades (28) bezüglich der Mittel (12) zum Drücken des Kegelrades (28) vorgesehen sind.7. Device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that means (61) for precisely adjusting the position of the bevel gear (28) with respect to the means (12) for pressing the bevel gear (28) are provided. 8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7 mit einem Untergestell (16), einer Spannvorrichtung (10), die auf dem Untergestell (16) befestigt und geeignet ist, um die Kegelritzel (30) in einer Differentialgehäuse­hälfte (22) festzuhalten, einem Luftzylinder (12), welcher durch einen Fortsatz (54) mit dem Kegelrad (28) in Eingriff bringbar ist, um dieses in Richtung der Kegelritzel (30) zu verschieben, und einem Mikro­meter (14) zur Messung der durch den Luftzylinder (12) hervorgerufenen Verschiebung des Kegelrades (28).8. Device according to one of claims 4 to 7 with a base frame (16), a clamping device (10) which is fastened on the base frame (16) and is suitable for holding the bevel pinion (30) in a differential housing half (22), one Air cylinder (12) which can be brought into engagement with the bevel gear (28) by means of an extension (54) in order to displace it in the direction of the bevel pinion (30), and a micrometer (14) for measuring the through the air cylinder (12) caused displacement of the bevel gear (28). 9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spannvorrichtung (10) sich in Richtung des Kegelrades (28) erstreckende Haltestifte (40) und Fe­dermittel (46) enthält, durch welche die Haltestifte (40) gegen das Kegelrad (28) vorgespannt werden, um das Kegelrad (28) von den Kegelritzeln (30) wegzu­drücken.9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the clamping device (10) in the direction of the bevel gear (28) extending retaining pins (40) and spring means (46) through which the retaining pins (40) against the bevel gear (28) biased to push the bevel gear (28) away from the bevel pinions (30). 10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß ein Haltering (18) vorgesehen ist, der am Untergestell (16) befestigt ist und der genauen Lageeinstellung zwischen Differentialgehäusehälfte (22) und Luftzylinder (12) dient.10. The device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that a retaining ring (18) is provided, which is attached to the base frame (16) and the exact position adjustment between the differential housing half (22) and air cylinder (12) is used. 11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß am Ende des Lufzylinder­fortsatzes (54) ein Paßstück (61) angeordnet ist, welches stabil an dem Kegelrad (28) angreift, um dieses bezüglich des Luftzylinders (12) genau aus­zurichten.11. Device according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that a fitting (61) is arranged at the end of the air cylinder extension (54), which engages stably on the bevel gear (28) in order to align it precisely with respect to the air cylinder (12) . 12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mikrometer (14) eine am Untergestell (16) verschwenkbar gelagerte Stange (64), deren eines Ende beweglich mit dem Luftzylinderfort­satz (54) in Verbindung steht, um sich mit dem Kegel­rad (28) zu verschieben, einen sich an der Stange (64) abstützenden Meßkolben (78) und eine durch den Meßkol­ben (78) gesteuerte Teilstrichanzeige (80) enthält.12. The device according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the micrometer (14) has a pivotably mounted on the base (16) rod (64), one end of which is movably connected to the air cylinder extension (54) in order to deal with to shift the bevel gear (28), contains a measuring piston (78) supported on the rod (64) and a graduation mark (80) controlled by the measuring piston (78). 13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am anderen Ende der Stange (64) ein Gegengewicht (72) angeordnet ist.13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that a counterweight (72) is arranged at the other end of the rod (64). 14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß der Angriffspunkt des Meßkolbens (78) an der Stange (64) vom Drehpunkt (66) der Stange (64) ebensoweit entfernt liegt, wie die am anderen Ende der Stange (64) liegende bewegliche Verbindung mit dem Luftzylinder (12).14. The apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the point of application of the measuring piston (78) on the rod (64) from the pivot point (66) of the rod (64) is just as far away as the movable connection to the air cylinder (12) located at the other end of the rod (64). 15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mit dem Luftzylinder (12) beweglich verbundene Ende der Stange (64) an einer in der Achse des Luftzy­linders (12) liegenden Stelle des Luftzylinders (12) angreift.15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the end of the rod (64) which is movably connected to the air cylinder (12) engages at a point in the axis of the air cylinder (12) of the air cylinder (12).
EP89104462A 1988-03-23 1989-03-14 Method and device for backlash adjustment in a differential with conical gears Ceased EP0334161A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US07/172,153 US4821395A (en) 1988-03-23 1988-03-23 Method and apparatus for adjusting the backlash on a differential
US172153 1988-03-23

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EP0334161A2 true EP0334161A2 (en) 1989-09-27
EP0334161A3 EP0334161A3 (en) 1990-03-14

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EP (1) EP0334161A3 (en)
JP (1) JPH01279137A (en)

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US5806371A (en) * 1996-07-23 1998-09-15 American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. Gear arrangement with backlash adjustment
US8813334B2 (en) * 2008-08-07 2014-08-26 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Double clutch
WO2017160931A1 (en) 2016-03-15 2017-09-21 Gkn Automotive Limited Automotive differential and method of assembling same
CN109870092B (en) * 2019-04-02 2024-03-19 珠海天力重工有限公司 Device for detecting and adjusting side gap of internal gear and application method thereof
CN112146874B (en) * 2020-09-22 2022-03-25 中南林业科技大学 Self-adjusting bevel gear test box with adjustable offset
CN116142784B (en) * 2023-04-23 2023-07-11 四川富生汽车零部件有限公司 Device and method for selecting gap adjustment gasket of motor of blower for vehicle

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JPH01279137A (en) 1989-11-09
EP0334161A3 (en) 1990-03-14
US4821395A (en) 1989-04-18

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