EP0332767A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Ortbetonpfahles im Boden - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Ortbetonpfahles im Boden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0332767A1
EP0332767A1 EP88200521A EP88200521A EP0332767A1 EP 0332767 A1 EP0332767 A1 EP 0332767A1 EP 88200521 A EP88200521 A EP 88200521A EP 88200521 A EP88200521 A EP 88200521A EP 0332767 A1 EP0332767 A1 EP 0332767A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
soil
grout
venting
pusher
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88200521A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jerry A. Steding
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US06/743,574 priority Critical patent/US4738568A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP88200521A priority patent/EP0332767A1/de
Publication of EP0332767A1 publication Critical patent/EP0332767A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/36—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making without use of mouldpipes or other moulds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
    • E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus as described in the preamble of Claims 1 and 5 respectively and known from US-A-3 851 484 and US-A-3 851 485, both issued to Steding on December 3, 1974.
  • the pile driving hammer is allowed to strike the pusher with such force that the resulting penetration of the plow point under each hammer blow is in the order of six inches to one foot, then, at the point of impact of the pile hammer with the pusher, the plow point is temporarily driven from beneath the grout column above it, forming a void between the plow point and grout column.
  • Such void cannot exist in actuality because of a nearly perfect vacuum therein, and therefor the void must be instantly filled either with grout from above or with the surrounding soft soil adjacent to the concrete pile being formed. The vacuum tends to pull the surrounding soft soil into the void in some cases, resulting in decreasing the diameter of the pile..
  • the invention aims to correct and eliminate said problem and this aim is achieved by the measures as speci­fied in the characterizing clause of Claims 1 and 5 respec­tively.
  • the invention provides a vacuum relief passage means in a concrete pile installing apparatus whose presence does not impede the normal mode of use of the apparatus to form concrete piles in accordance with the teachings of the above referenced prior patents.
  • Figure 1 depicts the prior art substantially in accordance with the above referenced prior art.
  • a drive head 20 is engaged with a drive head adapter 20A and pusher 21 which is in turn engaged at its lower end with a suitable plow point 22.
  • a grout supply hopper 23 on the ground surface surrounds the pusher 21 to deliver grout downwardly by gravity into the bore or cavity 24 of the soil created by the advancing plow point 22 under the influence of a pile driving hammer (not shown).
  • the vacuum in the void 26 may pull the surrounding soft soil inwardly, thus effectively decreasing the diameter of the bore imme­diately behind the plow pointy 22 and correspondingly decreasing the cross-sectional size of the concrete pile, rendering it defective.
  • Figure 2 depicts the complete solution of the prior art problem described in connection with Figure 1 by means of the present invention.
  • the same drive head 20, grout hopper 23 and plow point 22 may be employed.
  • the pusher 28 according to the present invention differs from the prior art pusher 21 in that it is provided with longitudinally extending vacuum-relief passage means 29, whereby the vacuum induced in the temporary void 26 when the plow point 22 moves away from the grout column 25 is vented to atmosphere and thus effectively eliminated, so that the surrounding soft soil cannot be pulled inwardly to diminish the cross-sectional size of the concrete pile as shown in Figure 1.
  • Figures 3 to 6 depict in greater detail a first embodi­ment of the invention including a pusher 30 and a plow point 31 telescopically engaged as shown.
  • the drive head 20 and grout hopper 23 shown in Figures 1 and 2 are omitted in Figure 3 for ease of illustration but these latter compo­nents are used in the method and apparatus according to Figures 3 to 6.
  • the plow point 31 is circular, as shown, and the pusher 30 is a H-cross section member.
  • pusher 32 On opposite sides of its center web 32, pusher 32 is provided with shallow channel members 33 welded thereto defining with the web 32 a pair of opposite side vacuum-relief passages 34.
  • a pair of channel member 35 welded to the outer faces of the side webs 36 of the pusher define another pair of vacuum-relief passages 37 lengthwise of the pusher.
  • the channels 33 and 35 at their tops terminate short of a flange 38 near the top of the pusher.
  • the tops of the passages 37 are open to atmosphere below the flange 38 as are the tops of the passages 34 since the channels 33 also terminate below the flange 38 at the same elevation as the channels 35.
  • the lower ends of the channels 33 and 35 also terminate somewhat above the corresponding ends of the webs 36 whereby the vent passages 37 and 34 communicate at their lower ends with the temporary void 26, Figure 2.
  • the construction of the appara­tus in Figure 3 to 6 is the same as disclosed in Figure 2, although shown in greater detail. It should be clear that the venting or anti-vacuum passages 37 and 34 of the pusher 30 prevent the objectionable inward drawing of the soft soil surrounding the pusher, as shown in Figure 1, resulting in the formation of defective piles. With the unique anti-­vacuum feature of the present invention, there is no neces­sity for controlling the degree of penetration of the plow point 22 under each hammer blow, and thus this less expensi­ve process can be used in more applications.
  • Figure 6 depicts the same apparatus structure shown in Figures 3-5 except that the plow point 31 has a square bottom plate 40 instead of a circular one as in Figures 3 to 5.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show a second embodiment of the inven­tion in which a pusher 41 comprises a cylindrical tubular member having circumferentially spaced and longitudinal staggered side wall grout openings 42 distributed along its length.
  • a plurality of external vacuum-relief passages 43 are formed longitudinally on the pusher 41 by circumferen­tially equidistantly spaced channel members 44 welded thereto and having their opposite ends open, as shown.
  • the pusher 41 is employed in the process of installing a concre­te pile along with a plow point 45, Figure 7.
  • FIGs 9 through 12 show another modified embodiment of the invention in which a cylindrical tubular pusher 46 having side wall openings 47 along its length is equipped with exterior longitudinal channel members 48 welded thereto and defining a corresponding number of vacuum-relief passa­ges 49 longitudinally of the pusher 46.Near and slightly above the lower end of the tubular pusher 46, Figure 10, an enlarged diameter circumferential venting air passage 50 surrounds the pusher 46 and communicates directly with the longitudinal vacuum-relief passages 49, as shown best in Figure 12, near the lower ends of the latter.
  • the channels 48 are open at their top and bottom ends.
  • the vacuum-relief passage means 49 and 50 serve to vent the void 36, Figures 1 and 2, to the atmosphere at all times so as to avoid inward pulling of the soft soil around the pusher, as previously explained.
  • Figures 13 to 15 show yet another embodiment of the apparatus in which a pusher 51 comprises an inner tube body 52, having circumferentially spaced longitudinally stagger grout inlet openings defined by short sleeve sections 53, connected between the inner tube body 52 and a surrounding concentric outer tube 54.
  • the annular space 55 between the two tubes 52 and 54 is the vacuum-relief or vent passage for the embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 13 to 15.
  • FIGs 16 and 17 show another embodiment of the invention in which an auger 56 is driven in rotation by means 57 to form a hole 58 while soil is elevated to ground level by the auger.
  • an auger 56 is driven in rotation by means 57 to form a hole 58 while soil is elevated to ground level by the auger.
  • grout 59 to form a concrete pile within the hole 58 from bottom-to-top thereof is delivered downwardly through a central axial tube 60 of the auger 56.
  • a vacuum-relief passage 61 extending lengthwise of the auger is formed by an open-ended tube 62 coaxially surrounding the tube 60 and being connec­ted therewith by spaced struts 63.
  • the benefits realized as a result of the vacuum-relief passage 61 are essentially the same as those realized by the relief passages described in the prior embodiments.
  • the pusher is withdrawn from the bore of hole in the soil at the completion of the process, but the plow point remains embedded in concrete at the bottom of the pile, as shown in US-A-3 851 484 and US-A-3 851 485.
  • Each embodiment of the invention involves a soil penetrating device having a vacuum relief passage means as well as a passage means for grout.
  • the H-cross section pusher 30 has grout passages on opposite side of its center web 32 and between its side web 36.
  • the openings 42, 47 and 53 allow grout from the hopper 23 to pass from the exterior to the interior of the pusher 21 and from the interior to the exterior of the pusher 21 during the formation of the concrete pile.
  • additional grout is delivered into the bore hole or opening to fill the space previously occupied by the pusher or auger, thus assuring the formation of a complete pile up to ground level.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP88200521A 1985-06-11 1988-03-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Ortbetonpfahles im Boden Withdrawn EP0332767A1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/743,574 US4738568A (en) 1985-06-11 1985-06-11 Anti-vacuum apparatus and method for installing concrete piles
EP88200521A EP0332767A1 (de) 1988-03-18 1988-03-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Ortbetonpfahles im Boden

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88200521A EP0332767A1 (de) 1988-03-18 1988-03-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Ortbetonpfahles im Boden

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0332767A1 true EP0332767A1 (de) 1989-09-20

Family

ID=8199767

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88200521A Withdrawn EP0332767A1 (de) 1985-06-11 1988-03-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Ortbetonpfahles im Boden

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0332767A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2479199A (en) * 2010-04-01 2011-10-05 Abbey Pynford Holdings Plc In-situ foundation pile manufacture with simultaneous driving and filling

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1629947A (en) * 1920-01-27 1927-05-24 Blumenthal Maurice Means for sinking concrete piles
GB541509A (en) * 1941-05-07 1941-11-28 Johan Fredrik Hagrup A method and an equipment for the making of piles of concrete or other mouldable mass in the ground
US3255592A (en) * 1961-05-01 1966-06-14 Herman L Moor Control system for discharging concrete grout to form piles
US3420067A (en) * 1965-09-13 1969-01-07 Sven Erik Bjerking Production of piles and pile structures in the ground
US3638433A (en) * 1969-03-28 1972-02-01 James L Sherard Method and apparatus for forming structures in the ground
FR2148968A5 (de) * 1971-08-11 1973-03-23 Landau Richard
US3921410A (en) * 1974-07-05 1975-11-25 Kenneth W Philo System and method of permafrost pile forming
US4018056A (en) * 1975-07-18 1977-04-19 Interpile Usa, Inc. Apparatus for forming cast-in-place caseless concrete piles and the like
DE2613993A1 (de) * 1976-04-01 1977-10-06 Bilfinger Berger Bau Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines an seinem fuss unterpressten ortbetonpfahls
GB2042029A (en) * 1979-02-13 1980-09-17 Chuan Pao Chen P Method and apparatus for forming subterranean concrete piles

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1629947A (en) * 1920-01-27 1927-05-24 Blumenthal Maurice Means for sinking concrete piles
GB541509A (en) * 1941-05-07 1941-11-28 Johan Fredrik Hagrup A method and an equipment for the making of piles of concrete or other mouldable mass in the ground
US3255592A (en) * 1961-05-01 1966-06-14 Herman L Moor Control system for discharging concrete grout to form piles
US3420067A (en) * 1965-09-13 1969-01-07 Sven Erik Bjerking Production of piles and pile structures in the ground
US3638433A (en) * 1969-03-28 1972-02-01 James L Sherard Method and apparatus for forming structures in the ground
FR2148968A5 (de) * 1971-08-11 1973-03-23 Landau Richard
US3921410A (en) * 1974-07-05 1975-11-25 Kenneth W Philo System and method of permafrost pile forming
US4018056A (en) * 1975-07-18 1977-04-19 Interpile Usa, Inc. Apparatus for forming cast-in-place caseless concrete piles and the like
DE2613993A1 (de) * 1976-04-01 1977-10-06 Bilfinger Berger Bau Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines an seinem fuss unterpressten ortbetonpfahls
GB2042029A (en) * 1979-02-13 1980-09-17 Chuan Pao Chen P Method and apparatus for forming subterranean concrete piles

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2479199A (en) * 2010-04-01 2011-10-05 Abbey Pynford Holdings Plc In-situ foundation pile manufacture with simultaneous driving and filling

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