EP0331660B1 - Niederdruckgasentladungslampe - Google Patents

Niederdruckgasentladungslampe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0331660B1
EP0331660B1 EP89850075A EP89850075A EP0331660B1 EP 0331660 B1 EP0331660 B1 EP 0331660B1 EP 89850075 A EP89850075 A EP 89850075A EP 89850075 A EP89850075 A EP 89850075A EP 0331660 B1 EP0331660 B1 EP 0331660B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
fluorescent tube
lamp
fluorescent
outer glass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89850075A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0331660A3 (de
EP0331660A2 (de
Inventor
Torsten Axelsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Auralight AB
Original Assignee
Auralight AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Auralight AB filed Critical Auralight AB
Publication of EP0331660A2 publication Critical patent/EP0331660A2/de
Publication of EP0331660A3 publication Critical patent/EP0331660A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0331660B1 publication Critical patent/EP0331660B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/34—Double-wall vessels or containers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/70—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr
    • H01J61/72—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr having a main light-emitting filling of easily vaporisable metal vapour, e.g. mercury

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas discharge lamp of the tubular kind filled with gas or vapour at low pressure, e.g. a fluorescent lamp.
  • a gas discharge lamp of the tubular kind filled with gas or vapour at low pressure e.g. a fluorescent lamp.
  • the inventive gas discharge lamp has properties which render it especially suited for use in low ambient temperatures.
  • the lamp is therefore particularly suited for outdoor use in the Nordic winter climate, and also for illuminating cold storage and freeze storage facilities.
  • Fluorescent lamps are widely used in the open, because the fluorescent lamp gives light more efficiently than an incandescent lamp.
  • fluorescent lamps In addition to street lighting, fluorescent lamps have thus been used to illuminate road signs, as canopy lighting, e.g. in railway stations, to illuminate loading piers, loading bays, and gasoline stations, and to an increasing extent as a means of illumination in both freestanding and surface-mounted advertising signs.
  • fluorescent lamps, or tubes are used to illuminate signs, and not only to illuminate such signs from within, it is desirable that the luminous flux is uniform
  • the document US-A- 3 358 167 discloses a lamp having resilent annular support members attached to each end of the lamp for holding an inner and an outer tube in a spaced relationship.
  • the members are not only mechanical distance pads but also a thermal reservoir, which provides additional insulation of the inner tube and especially its end parts, which in turn is described to give the desirable effect that mercury condenses in the cooler center portion of the tube.
  • a fluorescent tube which is mounted in known kinds of lamp casings or enclosures will, to some extent, be self-heating, since the air present in the casing is able to conduct heat away from the actual fluorescent tube only to a very limited extent.
  • This problem applies to fluorescent tubes incorporated in advertising signs (company name signs) and road signs (traffic), such as overhead lane-destination signs of partially translucent design, and also to fluorescent tubes which are mounted in enclosed lamp fittings. With the ambient air stationary and the air temperature beneath 0°C, this self-heating effect will result in a surface temperature of +15°C on the coldest part of the fluorescent tube.
  • the self-heating effect is so small as to produce hardly any increase in luminous flux.
  • the lamp casings or enclosures absorb all of the increase in luminous flux achieved by self-heating of the fluorescent tube. Consequently, the great majority of fluorescent lamps for outdoor use are of the kind which have reflectors fitted over the fluorescent tube, but which lack the provision of a casing.
  • the purpose of encasing fluorescent lamps is to protect the fluorescent tubes from damage through mechanical causes, and the lighting requirement has been made secondary to the need of protecting the lamp.
  • Tunnels are another area of use in which fluorescent tubes or lamps can be subjected to the effects of low ambient temperatures.
  • the air flow through tunnels, even when the tunnels have a length of several hundred meters, is so large that any heat which may be radiated from the surrounding rock or earth is unable to supplement heating of the surfaces of the fluorescent tube.
  • the luminous flux will decrease exponentially with falling air temperatures. This can have a serious consequence, for instance, on a cold sunny winter's day when a car driver will see the road with an illumination strength of close to 100 000 lux.
  • this driver enters an illuminated tunnel his eyes must adjust to an illuminance which is far below 100 lux. Road safety and the driver's own feeling of security are assisted by the fact that the fluorescent lamps in the tunnel maintain a practically normal luminous flux, even in very cold weather conditions.
  • the luminous flux is reduced to a third of its original value when the ambient temperature lies within a range of +10°C to 0°C.
  • the matter is made more serious by the fact that the luminous flux of a 26 mm tube at +10°C is 20% lower than the luminous flux of a 38 mm tube of corresponding power.
  • the starters or chokes normally used are effective in short circuiting the electrodes, so that they are preheated by through surging current, whereby when the striker opens, a spark arcs from anode to cathode and a positive column is generated therebetween.
  • the striker will open and close a number of times before the electrodes are sufficiently warm to sustain an arc therebetween. It may often take 30 seconds for the tube to ignite, which drawback is far more manifest in 26 mm tubes than in tubes of 38 mm in diameter.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the problems which are associated with the use of narrow fluorescent tubes in freezing temperatures and to provide a lamp which has high illuminance at low temperatures.
  • This object is realized in accordance with the invention with a narrow fluorescent tube which is surrounded along the whole of its length by a fixed transparent outer tube, for instance a glass tube.
  • a fixed transparent outer tube for instance a glass tube.
  • a gas-discharge lamp which comprises an inner fluorescent tube that is surrounded or enveloped by a glass tube or envelope, which may be transparent or opalescent.
  • the ends of this outer tube or envelope are fixed to the cathode-containing ends of the glass tube of the discharge lamp, such as to leave a tubular space of constant width between the outer tube and the inner tube.
  • This fixation of the outer glass tube may be effected with the aid of seals located at the ends of the lamp, between the two glass tubes.
  • These seals may have the form of polymer sealing rings, or may otherwise comprise age-resistant gas-impermeable material.
  • the gas most preferred in this respect is dry, dust-free air, although in particular cases the gas may comprise a noble gas or a mixture of such gases.
  • the gas in the aforesaid space may be kept at atmospheric pressure, although in combination with the tube wall, which is normally less than 2 mm thick, and in order to increase the heat insulating ability, the gas is preferably held at a pressure beneath atmospheric.
  • the insulating ability is also dependent on the width of the space, which width may be from 2-10 mm, depending on the intended lamp application.
  • the tubular space will have a width of 5 mm.
  • an exchange of heat-transporting air may take place between the outer surfaces of the inwardly located fluorescent tube and the inner surface of the tubular envelope. This will increase convection and part of the advantage afforded by the invention will be lost.
  • An excessively narrow tubular space will not give the desired effect, unless the space is completely evacuated.
  • An optimum space width has therefore been judged to be from 4 to 8 mm.
  • the light may be directed positively from the lamp fitting, normally downwards.
  • the inner surface of the tubular envelope or outer glass tube may be coated with a light and heat reflective material, through an angle of arc of up to 180°C.
  • this embodiment affords the further advantage of reflecting heat rays back to the discharge chamber of the lamp.
  • the resultant increase in the temperature of the discharge chamber corresponds to an increase in illumination strength of more than 20% when the ambient temperature is beneath +10°C. Together with the light reflection, an increase in illuminating power of between 50 and 60% can be achieved.
  • Fluorescent tubes of this construction can also be turned through 180°C in reflector-fitted lamp fittings, resulting in a type of top-reflection. This gives a very soft light and promotes self-heating of the lamp.
  • the inventive lamp is believed to afford a good solution to the illuminating requirements expressed by those who work on oil rigs in arctic climates.
  • the outer envelope of the inventive lamp will also afford protection against mechanical damage.
  • the inventive lamp thus provides in this instance a safety lamp which will reduce explosion hazards on oil platforms and rigs.
  • the inventive lamp illustrated in Figure 1 is a preferred embodiment of the invention, namely a double-walled fluorescent lamp 1.
  • the lamp comprises a fluorescent tube 2 which has a diameter of 26 mm and which is fitted at both ends with lamp bases 3 having connector pins 4.
  • the tube 2 also has cathodes placed on a terminal foot 5 in the usual manner, the cathodes in this case being surrounded by electrode screens 6.
  • the electrical contact pins extend through the foot, or base, 5 to the cathode current distributor 7.
  • the fluorescent tube 2 of the illustrated embodiment is surrounded by a tubular glass envelope 8 which is transparent and has an outer diameter of 38 mm and the ends of which are drawn or necked slightly inwards.
  • the ends of the tubular envelope 8 are inserted into ring-shaped grooves in polymer rings 9 which are press-fitted onto the bases 3.
  • the tubular envelope is fitted with the aid of polymer rings 9 in a chamber which is under a partial vacuum and to which only dry, filtered air is introduced, the air present in a tubular space 10 between the fluorescent tube 2 and the tubular envelope 8 will be free from dust.
  • the application of atmospheric pressure will assist in holding the polymer rings 9 tightly and sealingly between the envelopes 8 and respective lamp bases 3.
  • seals 11 consisting of some form of siloxane are provided on the side of the polymer rings 9 that faces towards the discharge chamber.
  • siloxane compound can be placed in the grooves in the rings 9 into which respective ends of the outer tube 8 are fitted, and a bead of siloxane compound can be provided on the fluorescent tube 2 in immediate contact with the polymer rings 9.
  • polydimethylsiloxane compound disposed on each end of the lamp.
  • the active substance in the siloxane compound comprises trimethyl siloxane monomers and an addition of a catalyzing and stabilizing substance.
  • the monomer can be expressed as: R x Si (OR′) y where
  • the ignition time for the 36W Termo lamps was under 5 seconds, whereas the 36W lamps took between 8 and 20 seconds to ignite, the longest ignition times being experienced with the eldest starters.
  • the 58W lamps could not be ignited with the oldest starters at the aforesaid test temperature. When using the starters which had been used 2000 times previously, only some of the lamps would ignite, and then only after an average time lapse of 25 seconds. When using a new starter, one lamp ignited after 8 seconds and all lamps ignited during the tests with new starters were seen to ignite in 15 seconds or less. In the case of the 58W Termo lamps, ignitions were observed within 8 seconds, except in the case of those lamps with which old starters were used.
  • Figures 2, 3 and 4 show the average luminance of the lamps tested, at different temperatures. Previously documented values for 20W, 40W and 65W lamps have also been shown, for comparison purposes.
  • the inner surfaces of the outer glass tube or envelope of the inventive lamp may be coated with substances which will filter out undesired light.
  • This technique enables critical ultraviolet lines to be further reduced with the aid of light-absorbing or fluorescent substances. The following substances have been found suitable in this respect.
  • the substances are applied to the inner surface of the outer tube 8 in the form of a suspension having a dry solids content of between 0.3 and 0.5mg/cm2. These dyestuffs or pigmenting substances are burned onto the glass. Alternatively, organic dyestuffs may be used. When using organic dyestuff, however, burning, or stoving, cannot be effected at temperatures which lie above 500°C. In all events, a binder must be added when burning, baking,organic dyestuffs.
  • One suitable binder in this regard is ammonium polymethyl acrylate.

Landscapes

  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Niederdruckgasentladungslampe in Röhrenform zum Einsatz bei niedrigen Umgebungstemperaturen, welche eine innere Leuchtstoffröhre und eine äußere Glasröhre aufweist, welche die innere Röhre derart umgibt, daß ein rohrförmiger Zwischenraum dazwischen gebildet wird, wobei die äußere Röhre sich über die Elektroden der Lampe hinaus erstreckt und die Enden der Röhre mit den Enden der inneren Leuchtstoffröhre verbunden sind, und wobei die Enden der äußeren Glasröhre (8) in kreisförmigen Ausnehmungen aufgenommen sind, welche in Polymerringen (9) auf der inneren Leuchtstoffröhre (2) vorgesehen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Siloxanverbindung in den Ausnehmungen und zwischen den Polymerringen (9) und der inneren Röhre (2) zur Herstellung einer hermetischen Verbindung zwischen der inneren und der äußeren Röhre und zur Erzielung einer trockenen Atmosphäre in dem rohrförmigen Raum (10) zwischen den Röhren vorgesehen ist, wobei sich die Siloxane beim Härten hydrolisieren und Polysiloxane bilden.
  2. Lampe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der rohrförmige Raum (10), welcher zwischen der inneren Leuchtstoffröhre (2) und der äußeren Glasröhre (8) gebildet wird, mit trockener, staubfreier Luft gefüllt ist.
  3. Lampe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der rohrförmige Raum (10), welcher zwischen der inneren Leuchtstoffröhre (2) und der äußeren Glasröhre (8) gebildet wird, ein oder mehrere Edelgase enthält.
  4. Lampe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die innere Fläche der äußeren Glasröhre (8) ebenfalls mit einer Schicht aus einer fluoreszierenden Substanz überzogen ist.
  5. Lampe nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die innere Fläche der äußeren Glasröhre (8) mit einer koherenten Schicht aus reflektierendem Material über einen Winkelbogen von bis zu 180° überzogen ist.
  6. Lampe nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gesamte innere Fläche der äußeren Glasröhre (8) oder ein Teil der Fläche mit einer oder mehreren Substanzen überzogen ist, welche die Farbe des durch die innere Leuchtstoffröhre (2) abgegebenen Lichts verändern.
EP89850075A 1988-03-02 1989-03-02 Niederdruckgasentladungslampe Expired - Lifetime EP0331660B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8800747 1988-03-02
SE8800747A SE8800747D0 (sv) 1988-03-02 1988-03-02 Lagtrycks-gasurladdningslampa

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0331660A2 EP0331660A2 (de) 1989-09-06
EP0331660A3 EP0331660A3 (de) 1991-01-23
EP0331660B1 true EP0331660B1 (de) 1995-06-28

Family

ID=20371561

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88850215A Withdrawn EP0330808A1 (de) 1988-03-02 1988-06-17 Niederdruckgasentladungslampe
EP89850075A Expired - Lifetime EP0331660B1 (de) 1988-03-02 1989-03-02 Niederdruckgasentladungslampe

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88850215A Withdrawn EP0330808A1 (de) 1988-03-02 1988-06-17 Niederdruckgasentladungslampe

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0330808A1 (de)
AT (1) ATE124573T1 (de)
DE (1) DE68923197T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2073459T3 (de)
SE (2) SE8800747D0 (de)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4215674A1 (de) * 1992-05-13 1993-11-18 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Niederdruckentladungslampe
US5834889A (en) 1995-09-22 1998-11-10 Gl Displays, Inc. Cold cathode fluorescent display
US6310436B1 (en) 1995-09-22 2001-10-30 Gl Displays, Inc. Cold cathode fluorescent lamp and display
US6201352B1 (en) 1995-09-22 2001-03-13 Gl Displays, Inc. Cold cathode fluorescent display
US6316872B1 (en) 1995-09-22 2001-11-13 Gl Displays, Inc. Cold cathode fluorescent lamp
DE19737920A1 (de) * 1997-08-27 1999-03-04 Walter Dipl Chem Dr Rer N Tews Niederdruck-Gasentladungslampe mit erhöhter Lebensdauer
JP2003520387A (ja) * 1998-05-06 2003-07-02 ジーエル ディスプレイズ インコーポレイテッド 冷陰極螢光灯（ランプ）およびディスプレイ
DE19842795A1 (de) * 1998-09-18 2000-03-23 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Leuchtstofflampe
AU7367100A (en) * 1999-09-11 2001-04-17 Gl Displays, Inc. Gas discharge fluorescent device
US6515433B1 (en) 1999-09-11 2003-02-04 Coollite International Holding Limited Gas discharge fluorescent device
SE0302595D0 (sv) * 2003-09-30 2003-09-30 Auralight Int Ab Lysrör anpassat för kalla utrymmen
CN101375368B (zh) * 2006-01-25 2010-11-03 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 Tld低压气体放电灯
SE534541C2 (sv) * 2009-09-16 2011-09-27 Auralight Int Ab Kompaktlysrör anpassat för kalla utrymmen försett med isolerande organ

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3179792A (en) * 1962-09-06 1965-04-20 Weiss Harry Fluorescent lamp
US3358167A (en) * 1965-10-18 1967-12-12 Gen Electric Jacketed discharge lamp
US3987331A (en) * 1975-03-24 1976-10-19 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Ultraviolet emitting fluorescent lamp having internal reflector film
US4001628A (en) * 1976-02-25 1977-01-04 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Low-pressure fluorescent discharge device which utilizes both inorganic and organic phosphors
US4131589A (en) * 1976-12-13 1978-12-26 General Electric Company Low temperature transmission room temperature vulcanizable silicone compositions
NL7811350A (nl) * 1978-11-17 1980-05-20 Philips Nv Lagedruknatriumdampontladingslamp.
US4221693A (en) * 1979-03-02 1980-09-09 Getson John C Composition free of surface cure inhibition and method for preparing the same
JPS59128752A (ja) * 1983-01-12 1984-07-24 Karupu Kogyo Kk 螢光灯エンドキヤツプ用樹脂組成物
DD253702A1 (de) * 1983-12-19 1988-01-27 Adl Inst Gemueseproduktion Gasentladungsstrahler fuer effektive strahlungsemission bei niedrigen umgebungstemperaturen
US4710679A (en) * 1985-12-06 1987-12-01 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Fluorescent light source excited by excimer emission

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE124573T1 (de) 1995-07-15
EP0330808A1 (de) 1989-09-06
SE8900728D0 (sv) 1989-03-02
DE68923197T2 (de) 1995-11-09
ES2073459T3 (es) 1995-08-16
SE8800747D0 (sv) 1988-03-02
SE467279B (sv) 1992-06-22
EP0331660A3 (de) 1991-01-23
DE68923197D1 (de) 1995-08-03
EP0331660A2 (de) 1989-09-06
SE8900728L (sv) 1989-09-03

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