EP0327736A1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Garn für Dichtungen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Garn für Dichtungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0327736A1
EP0327736A1 EP88200254A EP88200254A EP0327736A1 EP 0327736 A1 EP0327736 A1 EP 0327736A1 EP 88200254 A EP88200254 A EP 88200254A EP 88200254 A EP88200254 A EP 88200254A EP 0327736 A1 EP0327736 A1 EP 0327736A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarn
blowing
particles
process according
kpa
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP88200254A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Willem Carel Van Anholt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzo NV
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Akzo NV
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Publication date
Application filed by Akzo NV filed Critical Akzo NV
Priority to EP88200254A priority Critical patent/EP0327736A1/de
Publication of EP0327736A1 publication Critical patent/EP0327736A1/de
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • D02G1/164—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam in the presence of a liquid, e.g. a crimp finish
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/244—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D06M15/256—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons containing fluorine

Definitions

  • a process for the manufacture of packing yarn comprising the deposition on an aromatic polyamide filament yarn, via a dis­persion, of solid particles of polyfluorocarbon, such as poly­tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and/or graphite, the yarn pro­vided with particles being subjected to an after-blowing treatment with a fluid under pressure.
  • polyfluorocarbon such as poly­tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
  • PTFE poly­tetrafluoroethylene
  • a process of the type indicated above is know from EP 0 136 727-B1.
  • the after-blowing treat­ment serves a great many purposes, viz. pulling along the starting yarn fed at an excess rate, intertwining/interen­tangling/interlacing/bulking, displacing solid particles through the yarn by blowing, and metering and determining to some extent the final amount of solid particles which is to be deposited on and introduced into the yarn.
  • the process of the type indicated in the opening paragraph is characterized according to the invention in that before the solid particles are deposited on the yarn, the yarn is sub­jected to a pre-blowing treatment with a fluid under pres­sure, as a result of which the filaments of the yarn are interentangled and interlaced, and during the pre-blowing treatment the yarn is subjected to a higher fluid pressure than during the after-blowing treatment.
  • the pre-­blowing treatment should be carried out at a superatmospheric pressure of 400 to 800 kPa, more particularly 500-600 kPa and the after-blowing treatment at a superatmospheric pressure of 50 to 200 kPa, more particularly about 100 kPa.
  • the process according to the invention is advantageously character­ ized in that the yarn is fed to the pre-blowing zone at such an excess rate, viz. 0,5 to 10%, more particularly 1,5 to 6%, as will result in the formation of a yarn which is made up of interentangled and interlaced filaments and which, depending on the overfeed rate applied, as is known in itself, is to a greater or lesser extent bulky and looped.
  • the use according to the invention of a few blowing treat­ments permits dividing the various functions of the one blow­ing treatment used in the known manufacturing process between a few blowing treatments. Each of the two blowing treatments used in the process according to the invention will then be more capable of fulfilling the functions allocated to each treatment.
  • the use of a relatively high fluid pressure in the pre-blowing zone makes it possible to apply a sufficiently high tensile force to the yarns fed at an excess rate. Further, in the pre-blowing zone the yarn is intertwined/inter­laced/interentangled and at a sufficiently high excess feed rate it is rendered voluminous and provided with loops.
  • the after-blowing zone is entirely available for distributing the solid particles over all or practically all the filaments of the yarn, as well as for the accurate metering of the account of solid par­ticles to be deposited on the packing yarn.
  • the use of the process according to the invention permits an even better and particularly a more uniform distribution of the solid lubricating PTFE and/or graphite particles over and in the packing yarn.
  • the great advantage thereof is that it permits using a particular amount of solid, lubricating par­ticles to attain optimum results, i.e. a packing yarn which can be braided into a packing having optimum sealing proper­ties. It has also been found that the process according to the invention is less affected by deviations in the starting yarns, such as variations in the amount of finish present on the starting yarn.
  • the packing yarn impregnated with solid particles of PTFE and/or graphite After the packing yarn impregnated with solid particles of PTFE and/or graphite has passed through the after-blowing zone, it must still be dried and subsequently be impregnated with a lubricating agent, use being made of an immersion bath or a kissing roll system.
  • a lubricating agent use being made of an immersion bath or a kissing roll system.
  • the interlaced or voluminous struc­ture of the yarn makes it possible for it readily to absorb a relatively large amount of lubricant, which makes the yarn according to the invention, after it has been dried, parti­cularly suitable to be formed into a packing material.
  • lubricants commonly used in the packing industry for impreg­nating yarns may be mentioned: paraffin oil, silicone oil or molybdenum disulphide or some other suitable lubricant, de­pending on the field of application of the packing to be manu­factured.
  • the yarn according to the invention may be so voluminous that the absorption capacity for a lubricant of the polyfluoro­carbon particles-containing yarn is in the range of 20 to 50 per cent by weight, preferably in the order of 25 per cent by weight, calculated on the weight of the dry yarn provided with solid PTFE particles.
  • the lubricant contributes consider­ably to the gas and/or liquid tightness and the frictional behaviour of a packing material.
  • the aromatic polyamide yarn according to the invention is capable of ensuring a long service life as far as high gas and/or liquid tightness and lubricating effects are concerned.
  • the yarn contains 1000 to 15 000 filaments, and the linear density of the non-impregnated starting yarn is in the range of decitex 1500 to 20 000.
  • the yarn need con­tain PTFE particles in an amount of as little as less than 60 per cent by weight, preferably 10-45% by weight, and more par­ticularly about 20% by weight, calculated on the dry weight of the yarn with PTFE particles.
  • the thickness of the PTFE particles is preferably in the range of about 0,1 to 1 ⁇ m.
  • the yarn according to the invention has been especially developed and made suitable to be worked up into a packing material, such as stuffing box packing, which is widely used in machine construction for the sealing of rotating shafts and reciprocating parts.
  • a packing material such as stuffing box packing
  • PTFE particles can be braided together on a packing braiding machine to form a packing materials which may for instance have a rectangular cross-section.
  • the, preferably positively charged, PTFE particles are deposited on the yarn from an aqueous dis­persion whose composition may substantially be as follows: ⁇ 45 to 75% by weight of PTFE particles, preferably about 58% by weight; ⁇ 50 to 20% by weight of water, preferably about 40% by weight; ⁇ not more than 5% by weight of a wetting agent based on alkylphenoxyethanol, preferably about 3,5% by weight.
  • the PTFE and/or graphite particles may be deposited on the yarn by passing it through a bath of said dispersion. Alter technically, however, the PTFE particles may be deposited on the yarn with the aid of a kiss roll system.
  • the drawing shows an embodiment for carrying out the process according to the invention.
  • the process is started from five yarn packages 2 mounted in a frame 1, each package consisting of a non-twisted and non-tangled smooth multifila­ment yarn 3 of aromatic polyamide, preferably polyparapheny­lene terephthalamide (PPDT).
  • PPDT yarn 3 of each of the packages 2 has 1000 filaments and a linear density of decitex 1680, and contains about 0,8% by weight of a finish applied to the yarn during spinning.
  • the five PPDT filament yarns 3 are assembled by the yarn guide schematically indicated by the reference numeral 4 and drawn off from the starting pack­ages 2 by the driven feed rolls 5, 6 at a constant rate.
  • the assembled yarn subsequently passes through the pre-blowing zone 7, the immersion bath 9 with the PTFE-particles-contain­ing dispersion 10 and equipped with guide rolls 8, the after-­blowing zone 11 and via the pulling off rolls 12, 13 driven at a constant speed.
  • the cir­cumferential speed of the feed rolls V 5, 6 is always chosen higher than the circumferential speed of the pulling off rolls V 12, 13. Consequently, the assembled yarn is fed to the pre-blowing zone 7 at an excess feed rate.
  • excess feed rate expressed on a percentage basis is to be understood here:
  • a higher excess feed rate of, for instance, about 3% will result in a tangled yarn of interlaced filaments which is also voluminous.
  • Such a voluminous yarn is also referred to as a textured yarn.
  • Using a sufficiently high excess feed rate of, say, 4-5% will result in a voluminous yarn which also contains a large num­ber of internal and external loops.
  • the yarn After the yarn has passed through the pre-blowing zone in which it has somewhat been opened, it is passed through the bath 9 of the aqueous dispersion of PTFE particles. Because of its opened state the pre-blown yarn can take up a large amount of PTFE particles.
  • the wet yarn impregnated with PTFE particles After the wet yarn impregnated with PTFE particles has left the immersion bath 9, it passes into the blower of the after-­blowing zone 11, in which the blowing air is applied to the yarn at a far lower superatmospheric pressure of, say, 100 kPa.
  • the PTFE particles present on and inside the yarn are uniformly distributed internally and ex­ternally. Further, the surplus of PTFE particles is blown off the yarn and returned to the immersion bath 9, which can be realized conveniently by positioning the after-blowing zone 11 over the immersion bath 9 in a similar way as indicated in Figure 2 of EP 0 136 727-B1.
  • oil absorption capacity The afore-mentioned absorption capacity of the yarn mentioned hereinbefore with regard to lubricants, such as paraffin oil, silicone oil, molybdenum disulphide or the like is referred to as oil absorption capacity and is determined as follows: An one metre long piece of PPDT filament yarn impregnated be­forehand with PTFE particles is impregnated with paraffin oil having a viscosity of 72 centipoises (measured by the Brookfield method) by dipping the yarn in a tray with paraf­fin oil at room temperature, after which the tray is kept in a vacuum chamber for 15 minutes.
  • the yarn thus impregnated is suspended by its one end in such a way that the paraffin oil which cannot be retained by the yarn can drip off at its other, free end.
  • the amount of paraffin oil absorbed which is a measure of said oil absorption capacity, is determined by weighing.
  • the second weighing of the oil-impregnated yarn is carried out as soon as there can no longer be observed any dripping at the free end of the yarn after at least 24 hours.
  • the oil absorption capacity C envisaged in accordance with the in­vention can be calculated then from the formula
  • results A and B of the first and the second weighings are, for instance, 1000 and 1350 weight units, respectively.
  • wholly aromatic polyamides refers to polyamides which are entirely or substantially built up of recurrent units of the general formula wherein A1, A2 and A3 represent different or the same di­valent, one or more aromatic rings-containing rigid radicals which may also contain a heterocyclic ring, of which radicals the chain extending bonds are in the position para to each other or are parallel and oppositely directed.
  • radicals examples include 1,4-phenylene, 4,4′-biphenylene, 1,5-­naphthylene and 2,6-naphthylene. They may contain substituents or not, e.g. halogen atoms or alkyl groups. As regards the composition of the aromatic poly­amides it should be added that they may optionally contain up to 35 mole % of other groups, such as m-phenylene groups, non-­rigid groups, such as alkyl groups, or ether groups, urea groups or ester groups. As examples of aromatic polyamides may be mentioned poly-p-benzamide, poly-p-phenylene tere­phthalamide and their copolymers.
  • poly-p-­phenylene terephthalamide PPDT
  • solid particles of polyfluorocarbon compounds may be men­tioned: polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyhexafluoropro­pylene, polychlorotrifluoroethene, polyvinylidene fluoride, tetrafluoroethene hexafluoropropylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, fluorosilicone elas­tomers, polyfluoroaniline, tetrafluoroethene trifluoronitro­somethane copolymer, graphite fluoride, etc.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • polyhexafluoropro­pylene polychlorotrifluoroethene
  • polyvinylidene fluoride tetrafluoroethene hexafluoro
  • DE 23 26 836 describes a blended yarn of different types of filament yarns consisting of 50-80% by weight of PTFE filaments and 50-20% by weight of aromatic polyamide filaments. Said blended yarn is coated with fine PTFE particles and may in the braided form be used as packing material. Before these two yarns are coated with PTFE par­ticles, they must be assembled, which may optionally be effected by the blowing processes described in US 3 110 151. This blowing process results in a smooth yarn free of loops and therefore not bulky or textured. Coating such a yarn with PTFE particles will consequently result in these particles being practically entirely present on the outside of the yarn. Further, considering that the yarn according to DE 23 26 826 is a blend of two yarns having widely different properties, it is less homogeneous than a yarn of one and the same material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
EP88200254A 1988-02-12 1988-02-12 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Garn für Dichtungen Withdrawn EP0327736A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88200254A EP0327736A1 (de) 1988-02-12 1988-02-12 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Garn für Dichtungen

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88200254A EP0327736A1 (de) 1988-02-12 1988-02-12 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Garn für Dichtungen

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EP0327736A1 true EP0327736A1 (de) 1989-08-16

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993025748A1 (en) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-23 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Making a yarn of particulate-impregnated aramid fibers
US20150107215A1 (en) * 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 Richard F. Rudinger Post-extruded polymeric man-made synthetic fiber with polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe)
US9469923B2 (en) 2013-10-17 2016-10-18 Richard F. Rudinger Post-extruded polymeric man-made synthetic fiber with copper

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2326826A1 (de) * 1972-05-26 1973-11-29 Du Pont Mischgarn
EP0136727A1 (de) * 1983-07-04 1985-04-10 Akzo N.V. Mit schmierenden Partikeln imprägniertes aromatisches Polyamidgarn, Verfahren zur Herstellung dieses Garnes und dasselbe enthaltendes Dichtungsmaterial oder Seil

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2326826A1 (de) * 1972-05-26 1973-11-29 Du Pont Mischgarn
EP0136727A1 (de) * 1983-07-04 1985-04-10 Akzo N.V. Mit schmierenden Partikeln imprägniertes aromatisches Polyamidgarn, Verfahren zur Herstellung dieses Garnes und dasselbe enthaltendes Dichtungsmaterial oder Seil

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993025748A1 (en) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-23 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Making a yarn of particulate-impregnated aramid fibers
US20150107215A1 (en) * 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 Richard F. Rudinger Post-extruded polymeric man-made synthetic fiber with polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe)
US9469923B2 (en) 2013-10-17 2016-10-18 Richard F. Rudinger Post-extruded polymeric man-made synthetic fiber with copper
US9828701B2 (en) 2013-10-17 2017-11-28 Richard F. Rudinger Post-extruded polymeric man-made synthetic fiber with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

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