EP0326630A1 - Method for transmitting remote control signals on a single carrier frequency between autonomous transmitters and receivers in time multiplexe and arrangement for realization of this method - Google Patents

Method for transmitting remote control signals on a single carrier frequency between autonomous transmitters and receivers in time multiplexe and arrangement for realization of this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0326630A1
EP0326630A1 EP88101463A EP88101463A EP0326630A1 EP 0326630 A1 EP0326630 A1 EP 0326630A1 EP 88101463 A EP88101463 A EP 88101463A EP 88101463 A EP88101463 A EP 88101463A EP 0326630 A1 EP0326630 A1 EP 0326630A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmitter
command
station
time
transmission
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EP88101463A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0326630B1 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Dipl.-Ing. Plum
Hans-Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Wunderer
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Theimeg Elektronikgerate & Co KG GmbH
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Theimeg Elektronikgerate & Co KG GmbH
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Application filed by Theimeg Elektronikgerate & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Theimeg Elektronikgerate & Co KG GmbH
Priority to DE8888101463T priority Critical patent/DE3871765D1/en
Priority to EP19880101463 priority patent/EP0326630B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C15/00—Arrangements characterised by the use of multiplexing for the transmission of a plurality of signals over a common path
    • G08C15/06—Arrangements characterised by the use of multiplexing for the transmission of a plurality of signals over a common path successively, i.e. using time division
    • G08C15/12—Arrangements characterised by the use of multiplexing for the transmission of a plurality of signals over a common path successively, i.e. using time division the signals being represented by pulse characteristics in transmission link
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C2201/00—Transmission systems of control signals via wireless link
    • G08C2201/40—Remote control systems using repeaters, converters, gateways

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for transmitting remote control signals according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 3.
  • Methods for remote control of mobile objects in which command telegrams are transmitted between the transmitter stations and the mobile objects using a single carrier frequency, are widely known.
  • the individual transmitter stations can send to the addressed receiving stations cyclically one after the other, the individual transmitter stations automatically synchronizing with the time slot of the specified multiplex transmission frame, and those transmitter stations whose transmission times have not yet been reached are excluded from transmission; see. DE 23 54 067.
  • a random generator can also be provided in each transmitter station, which determines the timing of the transmission of the command telegrams for the relevant transmitter station; see. DE 25 51 013.
  • the ranges can be optimized by optimizing the structure and circuit design of the radio remote controls and the transmitting and receiving antennas are enlarged, but do not prevent that undesired radio interruptions occur in the transmission system over longer ranges, which, due to the requirements of the existing safety regulations, result in the locomotives to be remotely switched off.
  • the experimental use of so-called active / passive antenna reflectors instead of the usual rod antennas led to corresponding experiences.
  • additional amplifier stations of the type of relay stations are to be set up for remote control of locomotives in the field. These amplifier stations are intended to receive the signals of the portable radio remote control transmitters - frequency F1 - and additionally transmit them on another frequency - frequency F2.
  • two separate high-frequency receivers must be provided for each receiver on the locomotives to be remote-controlled, so that the downstream receiver evaluation circuit can receive the signals from the portable radio remote control transmitter - F1 - and the signals - F2 - from the repeater station at the same time.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of increasing the range between the transmitters and receivers of such radio remote control devices by simple technical measures using a single transmission frequency.
  • one or more so-called receive-transmit (repeater) stations are provided distributed in the area within which the locomotives to be remote-controlled can be moved.
  • a repeater station receives the signals from the radio remote control transmitters and transmits them again at the same frequency with a time delay.
  • the portable radio remote control transmitters and the repeater station belong to a common time division multiplex system, so that the transmissions of the radio remote control transmitters cannot be disturbed and the individual command telegrams are transmitted at different times according to a predetermined scheme.
  • the repeater station which automatically classifies itself in this time-division multiplex system and adjusts its transmission time for the repeated transmission of a received command telegram so that it is sent out in a time gap within this time-division multiplex system.
  • FIG. 1 shows an overview of the components of a radio remote control system for the remote control of locomotives with a receive-transmit (repeater) station MEREP.
  • Pending control commands in the form of command telegrams can be radioed from a number of portable transmitter stations S1 to Sn to locomotive receivers L1 to Ln, which are there received and converted into control signals for controlling the locomotive.
  • these signals are received by the repeater station MEREP, which sends these signals again to the locomotive receivers L1 to Ln within a time gap.
  • the mobile receiving stations are thus embodied here by the radio receivers arranged on the locomotives to be controlled remotely.
  • FIG. 2 shows the receive-transmit station according to the invention, designated by reference number 3, also referred to as the repeater station MEREP, which has a receiver 4 for evaluating the command telegrams received via an antenna 7 and transmitted by one of the transmitter stations.
  • a delay circuit 6 and an evaluation circuit 9, to which the LF output signal of the high-frequency receiver 4 is present, are connected to the receiver.
  • the LF output signal is time-delayed via these switching elements and then transmitted again via an HF transmitter 5, the delay time of the delay circuit 6 corresponding at least to the transmission time for the command telegram to be transmitted in the relevant transmitter station.
  • the command telegram pending at the output of the HF receiver 4 is simultaneously fed to the delay element 6 and the evaluation circuit 9 and evaluated there. If it is determined in the evaluation circuit 9 that the received command telegram has an identifier S to be described, the repeater station recognizes that the received command telegram should be sent again. Via the evaluation circuit 9, the RF transmitter 5 is then released in the for the renewed Sending this command telegram provided, determined by the delay element 6 time gap in the time schedule of the time division multiplex system.
  • the additional identifier S can be generated in the transmitter stations, for example, in such a way that a switch S-MEREP is located in the keypad of the command telegram input device (not shown here) is provided, which is to be operated by the operator when this detects range problems.
  • the additional identifier can also be generated by certain command combinations. In such a case, the S-MEREP switch is then omitted.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the MEREP repeater station.
  • this includes a transmission timing control 10 which controls a command message memory 8.
  • the command telegram pending at the output of the HF receiver 4 is stored in the memory 8 and at the same time fed to the transmission timing controller 10. There, the transmission time of the MEREP transmitter 5 is determined and the transmission is initiated by simultaneously giving the transmission release to the HF transmitter 5 and the command for reading out the stored command telegram to the memory 8.
  • the transmission timing control selects the transmission timing so that the time division multiplex system to which the transmitters S1 to Sn belong is not disturbed.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The working of the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is explained below with reference to the pulse diagram according to FIG. 4, which is based on an asynchronous radio remote control method according to DE 23 51 013 mentioned at the beginning. The same applies to other radio remote control methods, such as. B. the synchronous according to DE 23 54 067 also mentioned at the beginning.
  • Such a time-division multiplex system has a random generator in each transmitter station, which determines the time sequence for the transmission of the command telegrams for the respective transmitter station.
  • FIG. 4 shows the pulse diagram over the time course of the rectangular oscillations of pseudo-random generators PZRG from two transmitter stations and the transmission times of the command telegrams S1 and S2. The transmissions t s take place there only if two logical ONE appear after a 0-1 transition of the pseudo-random rectangular sequence PZRG that occurred immediately before. A further transmission is blocked for the time t BLOCKING.
  • the command telegram received from the transmitter station S2 is now evaluated. Due to the existing additional identifier S, which was decoded from the command telegram, the delay circuit 6 is triggered, which embodies a fixed delay time. After the delay time of the delay circuit 6 the command telegram is made available to the transmitter 5 for transmission and sent as soon as the evaluation circuit 9 has given the release.
  • the additional programs are identified in FIG. 4 by the reference symbol 11 and take place immediately after the programs t sj and t sj + 1 , ie the delay time of the delay circuit 6 is only slightly longer than the transmission time of S2.
  • the two pulse transmission diagrams of the transmitters S1 and S2 in FIG. 5 correspond to those of FIG. 4.
  • a pulse transmission diagram of the receive-transmit station MEREP 1 is shown, the MEREP 1 station also being in the area of influence of the two transmitters S1 and S2 of the example according to Figure 4 should work.
  • the transmission-time control of the reception-transmission station works according to the same time-division multiplex basic scheme that the two transmitters obey, that is to say the transmission-time control 10 in principle also contains a pseudo-random generator PZRGM 2 with the function as previously explained for the purpose of Figure 4 described.
  • the associated pulse-rectangular curve PZRGM 2 is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the command telegrams t sj and t sj + 1 are evaluated in the transmission timing controller 10 and released for retransmission via the transmitter 5 of the receiving-transmitting station MEREP (t sM and t sM + 1 ), since in the example shown the command telegram has the additional identifier S has.
  • the pulse transmission diagrams t sM and t sM + 1 are denoted in FIG. 5 by the reference symbol 11.
  • the transmission times control 10 thus determines the transmission times t sM and t sM + 1 on the basis of the pseudo-random generator according to the pulse diagram PZRGM 2. After reception of t sj and t sj + 1 , a retransmission takes place if immediately after the 0-1- Transition of the pulse diagram PZRGM 2 two logical ones are present, as already described at the beginning.
  • the transmission time of the repetition by the receiving-transmitting station is determined by the time division multiplex system of the transmission timing control and not by a delay circuit with a fixed time delay as in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 and can therefore be used Adjust time-division multiplex scheme automatically.
  • the transmission timing control 10 can also be carried out according to principles other than the time division basic scheme of the transmitters S1 to Sn, such as statistical methods, mathematical methods, monitoring of the radio channel, etc. Other methods are particularly useful when the time division basic diagram of the Radio remote control transmitter in the sphere of influence of the receiving-transmitting station MEREP is not known.

Abstract

Radio remote control device operating on a single carrier frequency for the transmission of instruction telegrams from autonomous transmitter stations (S1 to Sn) to receiver stations (L1 to Ln) in which, for the purposes of increasing range, a repeater station MEREP (3) is provided which similarly receives the instruction telegram transmitted in each case and transmits it in temporally deferred fashion. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Übertragen von Fernsteuersignalen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspru­ches 1 sowie eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 3.The invention relates to a method for transmitting remote control signals according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 3.

Verfahren zur Fernsteuerung von mobilen Objekten, bei denen Befehlstelegramme mittels einer einzigen Trägerfrequenz zwischen den Geberstationen und den mobilen Objekten übertragen werden, sind vielfach bekannt. Beispielsweise können die einzelnen Geberstationen zyklisch nacheinander an die adressierten Empfangsstationen senden, wobei die einzelnen Geberstationen sich selbsttätig auf das Zeitraster des vorgegebenen Multiplex-Übertragungsrahmens synchronisie­ren und solche Geberstationen, deren Sendezeiten im Zeitraster noch nicht erreicht sind, vom Senden ausgeschlos­sen sind; vgl. DE 23 54 067.Methods for remote control of mobile objects, in which command telegrams are transmitted between the transmitter stations and the mobile objects using a single carrier frequency, are widely known. For example, the individual transmitter stations can send to the addressed receiving stations cyclically one after the other, the individual transmitter stations automatically synchronizing with the time slot of the specified multiplex transmission frame, and those transmitter stations whose transmission times have not yet been reached are excluded from transmission; see. DE 23 54 067.

Es kann aber auch bei asynchroner Arbeitsweise in jeder Geberstation ein Zufallsgenerator vorgesehen sein, der für die betreffende Geberstation den Zeitablauf der Aussendung der Befehlstelegramme bestimmt; vgl. DE 25 51 013.However, in the case of asynchronous operation, a random generator can also be provided in each transmitter station, which determines the timing of the transmission of the command telegrams for the relevant transmitter station; see. DE 25 51 013.

Selbstverständlich sind auch andere auf einer Trägerfrequenz arbeitende Funkfernsteuer-Systeme bekannt.Of course, other radio remote control systems operating on a carrier frequency are also known.

Zwar haben sich derartige Funkfernsteuersysteme, insbesondere für die Fernsteuerung von Lokomotiven, in der Praxis überaus bewährt. Jedoch treten in letzter Zeit verstärkt Reichweiten­probleme auf, da die Sendeleistungen solcher Systeme von den zuständigen Behörden infolge der Vielzahl der zugelassenen Systeme stark reduziert worden sind, um auf diese Weise die gleiche Sendefrequenz in räumlich kürzeren Abständen erneut vergeben zu können.Such radio remote control systems have proven themselves in practice, especially for the remote control of locomotives. However, range problems have been increasing lately, since the transmission powers of such systems have been greatly reduced by the responsible authorities as a result of the large number of approved systems, in order to be able to reassign the same transmission frequency at spatially shorter intervals.

Die vorhandenen Sendefrequenzen und die Anzahl der in Betrieb befindlichen Fernsteueranlagen lassen es daher nicht mehr zu, jeder zu steuernden Lokomotive eine getrennte Übertragungs­frequenz zuzuordnen; zum Beispiel sollen bei der deutschen Bundesbahn mehr als 400 Lokomotiven unter Benutzung einer einzigen Trägerfrequenz mit einer zulässigen Sendeleistung von nur ca. 140 mW ferngesteuert werden. Auf der anderen Seite werden aber die fernzusteuernden Züge immer länger, was an sich eine Reichweitenvergrößerung der Fernsteueranlagen erfordert.The existing transmission frequencies and the number of remote control systems in operation therefore no longer allow each locomotive to be controlled to be assigned a separate transmission frequency; For example, more than 400 locomotives are to be remotely controlled on the German Federal Railways using a single carrier frequency with a permissible transmission power of only approx. 140 mW. On the other hand, however, the trains to be controlled remotely are getting longer, which in itself requires an increase in the range of the remote control systems.

Wie die Erfahrung gezeigt hat, können durch Optimierungen des Aufbaues und der Schaltungsausbildung der Funkfernsteuerungen sowie der Sende- und Empfangsantennen die Reichweiten zwar vergrößert werden, jedoch nicht verhindern, daß bei größeren Reichweiten unerwünschte Funkunterbrechungen im Übertragungs­system auftreten, die aus Erfordernissen der bestehenden Sicherheitsbestimmungen zur Zwangsabschaltung der fernzusteu­ernden Lokomotiven führen. Zu entsprechenden Erfahrungen führte die versuchsweise Verwendung von sogenannten aktiven/passiven Antennenreflektoren anstelle der üblichen Stabantennen.As experience has shown, the ranges can be optimized by optimizing the structure and circuit design of the radio remote controls and the transmitting and receiving antennas are enlarged, but do not prevent that undesired radio interruptions occur in the transmission system over longer ranges, which, due to the requirements of the existing safety regulations, result in the locomotives to be remotely switched off. The experimental use of so-called active / passive antenna reflectors instead of the usual rod antennas led to corresponding experiences.

Nach einem nicht zum Stande der Technik gehörenden Vorschlage sollen für die Fernsteuerung von Lokomotiven im Gelände zusätzliche Verstärkerstationen nach Art von Relaisstationen aufgebaut werden. Diese Verstärkerstationen sollen die Signale der tragbaren Funkfernsteuersender - Frequenz F1 - empfangen und diese auf einer anderen Frequenz - Fre­quenz F2 - zusätzlich absenden. Hierzu müssen für jeden Empfänger auf den fernzusteuernden Lokomotiven zwei getrennte Hochfrequenz-Empfänger vorgesehen werden, damit die nachge­schaltete Empfänger-Auswerteschaltung gleichzeitig die Signale des tragbaren Funkfernsteuersenders - F1 - und die Signale - F2 - der Verstärkerstation-Station - empfangen können.According to a proposal not belonging to the state of the art, additional amplifier stations of the type of relay stations are to be set up for remote control of locomotives in the field. These amplifier stations are intended to receive the signals of the portable radio remote control transmitters - frequency F1 - and additionally transmit them on another frequency - frequency F2. For this purpose, two separate high-frequency receivers must be provided for each receiver on the locomotives to be remote-controlled, so that the downstream receiver evaluation circuit can receive the signals from the portable radio remote control transmitter - F1 - and the signals - F2 - from the repeater station at the same time.

Zwar ist sofort einzusehen, daß sich hierdurch die Anruf­wahrscheinlichkeit und damit die Reichweite insbesondere in unübersichtlichem Industriegelände erhöht. Dieser Vorschlag ist jedoch insofern nachteilig, als zwei Sendefrequenzen benötigt werden, was in aller Regel infolge gesetzlicher Bestimmungen nicht durchführbar ist und ein relativ hoher Material- und Schaltungsaufwand auf der Empfängerseite betrieben werden muß, da zwei Sendefrequenzen getrennt zu verarbeiten sind.It can be seen immediately that this increases the likelihood of a call and thus the range, particularly in confusing industrial areas. However, this proposal is disadvantageous insofar as two transmission frequencies are required, which is generally not feasible due to legal regulations and a relatively high amount of material and circuitry has to be carried out on the receiver side, since two transmission frequencies have to be processed separately.

Es besteht also ein hoher Bedarf an einer Funkfernsteuerung, die die geschilderten Nachteile vermeidet.There is therefore a great need for a radio remote control which avoids the disadvantages described.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, durch einfache technische Maßnahmen unter Verwendung einer einzigen Sendefrequenz die Reichweite zwischen den Sendern und Empfängern solcher Funkfernsteuereinrichtungen zu erhöhen.The invention is therefore based on the object of increasing the range between the transmitters and receivers of such radio remote control devices by simple technical measures using a single transmission frequency.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß für das Verfahren gemäß den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 und für die Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 3 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention for the method according to the characterizing features of patent claim 1 and for the device for carrying out the method according to the invention by means of the characterizing features of patent claim 3.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further features of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

Nach der Erfindung sind also eine oder mehrere sogenannte Empfangs-Sende-(Repeater)-Stationen, im Nachfolgenden mit MEREP bezeichnet, im Gelände verteilt vorgesehen, innerhalb dessen die fernzusteuernden Lokomotiven bewegt werden können. Eine Repeater-Station empfängt die Signale der Funk­fernsteuersender und sendet diese auf der gleichen Frequenz zeitverzögert wieder aus. Die tragbaren Funkfernsteuersender und die Repeater-Station gehören einem gemeinsamen Zeitmulitplex-System an, so daß sich die Sendungen der Funkfernsteuersender nicht stören können und die einzelnen Befehlstelegramme zeitlich versetzt nach einem vorgegebenen Schema ausgesendet werden. Entsprechendes gilt für die Repeater-Station, die sich in dieses Zeitmultiplex-System selbsttätig einordnet und ihre Sendezeit für die wiederholte Aussendung eines empfangenen Befehlstelegrammes darauf abstimmt, daß dieses in einer Zeitlücke innerhalb dieses Zeitmulitplexsystems zur Aussendung gelangt.According to the invention, one or more so-called receive-transmit (repeater) stations, hereinafter referred to as MEREP, are provided distributed in the area within which the locomotives to be remote-controlled can be moved. A repeater station receives the signals from the radio remote control transmitters and transmits them again at the same frequency with a time delay. The portable radio remote control transmitters and the repeater station belong to a common time division multiplex system, so that the transmissions of the radio remote control transmitters cannot be disturbed and the individual command telegrams are transmitted at different times according to a predetermined scheme. The same applies to the repeater station, which automatically classifies itself in this time-division multiplex system and adjusts its transmission time for the repeated transmission of a received command telegram so that it is sent out in a time gap within this time-division multiplex system.

Obzwar der Abstand zwischen zwei Sendungen theoretisch verdoppelt werden müßte, wenn alle Befehlstelegramm-­Übertragungen der tragbaren Geberstationen durch eine zu­sätzliche Repeater-Station wiederholt werden sollen, haben Untersuchungen jedoch gezeigt, daß bei der Fernsteuerung mehrerer Lokomotiven auf einem größeren Gelände, wie zum Beispiel einem Verschiebebahnhof, unter Benutzung einer einzigen Frequenz lediglich bei einer bis zwei Lokomotiven-­Reichweitenprobleme auftreten. Es reicht also vollkommen aus, wenn in der Repeater-Station jeweils nur wenige Lokomotiven für die zusätzliche Aussendung der zugehörigen Befehlstele­gramme berücksichtigt werden. Hierdurch wird die Sendewieder­holzeit nur um maximal 10 bis 20 % erhöht, wenn beispiels­weise die Anzahl der fernzusteuernden Lokomotiven die Zahl 10 nicht übersteigt.Although the distance between two shipments would theoretically have to be doubled if all command telegram transmissions from the portable transmitter stations were to be repeated by an additional repeater station, studies have shown that remote control of several locomotives on a larger area, such as a marshalling yard , using only a single frequency only with one or two locomotive range problems. It is therefore entirely sufficient if only a few locomotives are considered in the repeater station for the additional transmission of the associated command telegrams. As a result, the retransmission time is only increased by a maximum of 10 to 20% if, for example, the number of locomotives to be remotely controlled does not exceed 10.

Aus der US-PS 31 60 711 ist es zwar bekannt, bei einem Zeitfrequenz-Multiplex-Übertragungssystem eine sogenannte Repeater-Sendestation vorzusehen. Diese Repeater-Sendestation hat aber die Aufgabe, die Synchronisation der auf einer ersten gemeinsamen Frequenz unsynchronisiert gesendeten Nachrichten zwischen den einzelnen Stationen dadurch sicherzustellen, daß diese Nachrichten auf einer zweiten gemeinsamen Frequenz erneut ausgesendet werden. Dies hat mit einer Reichweitenerhöhung in der vorstehend beschriebenen Weise nichts zu tun, da die Erfindung anstelle zweier Sende- oder Trägerfrequenzen nur eine Sendefrequenz benutzt und die Wiederholung des gesendeten Befehlstelegrammes auf der gleichen Sendefrequenz im gleichen Sendezyklus lediglich im Zeitschema des im Zeitmultiplex arbeitenden Senderahmens zeitlich versetzt durchgeführt wird.From US-PS 31 60 711 it is known to provide a so-called repeater transmission station in a time frequency multiplex transmission system. However, this repeater transmission station has the task of ensuring the synchronization of the messages transmitted unsynchronized on a first common frequency between the individual stations in that these messages are retransmitted on a second common frequency. This has nothing to do with an increase in range in the manner described above, since the invention uses only one transmission frequency instead of two transmission or carrier frequencies and the repetition of the command telegram sent on the same transmission frequency in the same transmission cycle is only offset in time in the time division of the transmission frame operating in time-division multiplex is carried out.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand zweier in der Zeichnung mehr oder weniger schematisch dargestellter Ausführungsbei­spieles beschrieben.The invention is described below with reference to two exemplary embodiments shown more or less schematically in the drawing.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine Übersicht über die Funkfern­steuerungseinrichtung gemäß der Erfindung,
  • Figur 2 ein Blockschaltbild einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Repeater-­Sendestation einer Funkfernsteuer­einrichtung gemäß Figur 1,
  • Figur 3 ein Blockschaltbild einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Repeater-­Sendestation für eine Funkfern­steuer-Einrichtung gemäß Figur 1,
  • Figur 4 ein Pulsdiagramm für die Funkfern­steuer-Einrichtung gemäß Figur 1 und 2 unter Verwendung zweier Geber­stationen, und
  • Figur 5 ein Pulsdiagramm entsprechend Fi­gur 4 für die Funkfernsteuerungs einrichtung gemäß den Figuren 1 und 3.
Show it:
  • 1 shows an overview of the radio remote control device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment of a repeater transmission station of a radio remote control device according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a second embodiment of the repeater transmission station for a radio remote control device according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 shows a pulse diagram for the radio remote control device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 using two transmitter stations, and
  • 5 shows a pulse diagram corresponding to FIG. 4 for the radio remote control device according to FIGS. 1 and 3.

In Figur 1 sind übersichtsweise die Komponenten eines Funk­fernsteuerungssystems für das Fernsteuern von Lokomotiven mit einer Empfangs-Sende-(Repeater)-Station MEREP gezeigt. Von einer Anzahl tragbarer Geberstationen S1 bis Sn können anstehende Steuerbefehle in Form von Befehlstelegrammen zu Lokomotiv-Empfängern L1 bis Ln gefunkt werden, die dort empfangen und in Steuersignale zur Steuerung der Lokomotive umgesetzt werden. Gleichzeitig werden diese Signale von der Repeater-Station MEREP empfangen, die diese Signale zeitversetzt innerhalb einer Zeitlücke nochmals zu den Lokomotiv-Empfängern L1 bis Ln sendet. Die mobilen Empfangsstationen sind also hier durch die auf den fernzusteuernden Lokomotiven angeordneten Funkempfänger verkörpert.1 shows an overview of the components of a radio remote control system for the remote control of locomotives with a receive-transmit (repeater) station MEREP. Pending control commands in the form of command telegrams can be radioed from a number of portable transmitter stations S1 to Sn to locomotive receivers L1 to Ln, which are there received and converted into control signals for controlling the locomotive. At the same time, these signals are received by the repeater station MEREP, which sends these signals again to the locomotive receivers L1 to Ln within a time gap. The mobile receiving stations are thus embodied here by the radio receivers arranged on the locomotives to be controlled remotely.

In Figur 2 ist die mit der Bezugsziffer 3 bezeichnete erfindungsgemäße Empfangs-Sende-Station, auch mit Repeater-­Station MEREP bezeichnet, gezeigt, die einen Empfänger 4 zum Auswerten der über eine Antenne 7 aufgenommenen und von einer der Geberstationen ausgesendeten Befehlstelegramme aufweist. Mit dem Empfänger ist eine Verzögerungsschaltung 6 und eine Auwerteschaltung 9 verbunden, an denen das NF-Ausgangssignal des Hochfrequenz-Empfängers 4 anliegt. Über diese Schaltglie­der wird das NF-Ausgangssignal zeitverzögert und dann über einen HF-Sender 5 wieder ausgesendet, wobei die Verzögerungs­zeit der Verzögerungsschaltung 6 mindestens der Sendezeit für das auszusendende Befehlstelegramm in der betreffenden Geberstation entspricht.FIG. 2 shows the receive-transmit station according to the invention, designated by reference number 3, also referred to as the repeater station MEREP, which has a receiver 4 for evaluating the command telegrams received via an antenna 7 and transmitted by one of the transmitter stations. A delay circuit 6 and an evaluation circuit 9, to which the LF output signal of the high-frequency receiver 4 is present, are connected to the receiver. The LF output signal is time-delayed via these switching elements and then transmitted again via an HF transmitter 5, the delay time of the delay circuit 6 corresponding at least to the transmission time for the command telegram to be transmitted in the relevant transmitter station.

Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird also das am Ausgang des HF-­Empfängers 4 anstehende Befehlstelegramm dem Verzögerungs­glied 6 und der Auswerteschaltung 9 gleichzeitig zugeführt und dort ausgewertet. Wird in der Auswerteschaltung 9 festgestellt, daß das empfangene Befehlstelegramm eine noch zu beschreibende Kennung S aufweist, so erkennt die Repeater-­Station, daß das empfangene Befehlstelegramm wieder ausgesendet werden soll. Über die Auswerteschaltung 9 erfolgt dann die Freigabe des HF-Senders 5 in der für das erneute Aussenden dieses Befehlstelegrammes vorgesehenen, durch das Verzögerungsglied 6 bestimmten Zeitlücke im Zeitschema des Zeitmultiplex-Systems.In this embodiment, the command telegram pending at the output of the HF receiver 4 is simultaneously fed to the delay element 6 and the evaluation circuit 9 and evaluated there. If it is determined in the evaluation circuit 9 that the received command telegram has an identifier S to be described, the repeater station recognizes that the received command telegram should be sent again. Via the evaluation circuit 9, the RF transmitter 5 is then released in the for the renewed Sending this command telegram provided, determined by the delay element 6 time gap in the time schedule of the time division multiplex system.

Die Zusatzkennung S kann in den Geberstationen z.B. in der Weise erzeugt werden, daß in dem hier nicht dargestellten Tastenfeld der Befehlstelegramm-Eingabevorrichtung ein Schalter S-MEREP
vorgesehen ist, der vom Bediener dann zu betätigen ist, wenn dieser Reichweitenprobleme feststellt.The additional identifier S can be generated in the transmitter stations, for example, in such a way that a switch S-MEREP is located in the keypad of the command telegram input device (not shown here)
is provided, which is to be operated by the operator when this detects range problems.

Es kann aber auch die Zusatzkennung durch bestimmte Befehlskombinationen erzeugt werden. In einem solchen Falle entfällt dann der Schalter S-MEREP.However, the additional identifier can also be generated by certain command combinations. In such a case, the S-MEREP switch is then omitted.

Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, daß nur die Geberstation mit "Reichweitenproblemen" über die Repeater-Station MEREP innerhalb des Sendeschemas die Sendezeit zweifach belegt.In this way it is achieved that only the transmitter station with "range problems" via the repeater station MEREP occupies the transmission time twice within the transmission scheme.

In Figur 3 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform der Repeater-Sta­tion MEREP dargestellt. Diese umfaßt neben dem HF-Empfänger 4 und -Sender 5 eine Sende-Zeitpunktsteuerung 10, die einen Befehlstelegrammspeicher 8 steuert.FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the MEREP repeater station. In addition to the HF receiver 4 and transmitter 5, this includes a transmission timing control 10 which controls a command message memory 8.

Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird das am Ausgang des HF-Empfängers 4 anstehende Befehlstelegramm in dem Speicher 8 abgespeichert und gleichzeitig der Sende-Zeitpunktsteuerung 10 zugeführt. Dort wird der Sende-Zeitpunkt des MEREP-Senders 5 bestimmt und die Sendung eingeleitet, indem gleichzeitig die Sendefreigabe an den HF-Sender 5 und der Befehl zum Auslesen des gespeicherten Befehlstelegrammes an den Speicher 8 gegeben wird.In this embodiment, the command telegram pending at the output of the HF receiver 4 is stored in the memory 8 and at the same time fed to the transmission timing controller 10. There, the transmission time of the MEREP transmitter 5 is determined and the transmission is initiated by simultaneously giving the transmission release to the HF transmitter 5 and the command for reading out the stored command telegram to the memory 8.

Die Sende-Zeitpunktsteuerung wählt den Sende-Zeitpunkt so, daß das Zeitmultiplexsystem, dem die Sender S1 bis Sn angehören, nicht gestört wird.The transmission timing control selects the transmission timing so that the time division multiplex system to which the transmitters S1 to Sn belong is not disturbed.

Im folgenden sei das Arbeiten der Einrichtung nach den Figuren 1 und 2 anhand des Pulsdiagrammes gemäß der Figur 4 erläutert, der ein asynchrones Funkfernsteuerverfahren gemäß der eingangs genannten DE 23 51 013 zugrundegelegt ist. Entsprechendes gilt auch für andere Funkfernsteuerverfahren, wie z. B. dem synchronen gemäß der ebenfalls eingangs erwähnten DE 23 54 067.The working of the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is explained below with reference to the pulse diagram according to FIG. 4, which is based on an asynchronous radio remote control method according to DE 23 51 013 mentioned at the beginning. The same applies to other radio remote control methods, such as. B. the synchronous according to DE 23 54 067 also mentioned at the beginning.

Ein solches Zeitmulitplex-System weist in jeder Geber-­Station einen Zufallsgenerator auf, der für die betreffende Geber-Station den Zeitablauf der Aussendung der Befehlstele­gramme bestimmt. In Figur 4 ist das Impuls-Diagramm über den zeitlichen Verlauf der Rechteckschwingungen von Pseudo-Zu­fallsgeneratoren PZRG von zwei Geberstationen sowie die Sendezeitpunkte der Befehlstelegramme S1 und S2 dargestellt. Die Sendungen ts erfolgen dort nur, wenn nach einem unmittelbar vorher erfolgten 0-1-Übergang der Pseudo-Zufalls­rechteckfolge PZRG zwei logische EINSEN erscheinen. Für die Zeit t BLOCKIERUNG ist eine weitere Aussendung gesperrt.Such a time-division multiplex system has a random generator in each transmitter station, which determines the time sequence for the transmission of the command telegrams for the respective transmitter station. FIG. 4 shows the pulse diagram over the time course of the rectangular oscillations of pseudo-random generators PZRG from two transmitter stations and the transmission times of the command telegrams S1 and S2. The transmissions t s take place there only if two logical ONE appear after a 0-1 transition of the pseudo-random rectangular sequence PZRG that occurred immediately before. A further transmission is blocked for the time t BLOCKING.

Es sei nun angenommen, daß die Geber-Station S2 im Befehlstelegramm eine Zusatzkennung S aufweist, die Station S1 dagegen nicht.It is now assumed that the transmitter station S2 has an additional identifier S in the command telegram, but the station S1 does not.

In der MEREP-Station 3 gemäß Figur 2 wird nun das von der Geber-Station S2 empfangene Befehlstelegramm ausgewertet. Infolge der vorhandenen Zusatzkennung S, die aus dem Befehlstelegramm decodiert wurde, wird die Verzögerungsschal­tung 6 ausgelöst, die eine feste Verzögerungszeit verkörpert. Nach Ablauf der Verzögerungszeit der Verzögerungsschaltung 6 wird das Befehlstelegramm dem Sender 5 zur Aussendung zur Verfügung gestellt und abgesendet, sobald die Auswerteschal­tung 9 die Freigabe gegeben hat. Die zusätzlichen Sendungen sind in Figur 4 mit dem Bezugszeichen 11 bezeichnet und erfolgen unmittelbar hinter den Sendungen tsj und tsj + 1, d.h. die Verzögerungszeit der Verzögerungsschaltung 6 ist nur etwas größer als die Sendezeit von S2.In the MEREP station 3 according to FIG. 2, the command telegram received from the transmitter station S2 is now evaluated. Due to the existing additional identifier S, which was decoded from the command telegram, the delay circuit 6 is triggered, which embodies a fixed delay time. After the delay time of the delay circuit 6 the command telegram is made available to the transmitter 5 for transmission and sent as soon as the evaluation circuit 9 has given the release. The additional programs are identified in FIG. 4 by the reference symbol 11 and take place immediately after the programs t sj and t sj + 1 , ie the delay time of the delay circuit 6 is only slightly longer than the transmission time of S2.

Nunmehr sei anhand des Pulsdiagrammes gemäß Figur 5 die Wirkungsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Funkfernsteuer-Einrich­tung mit einer Ausbildung der Empfangs-Sende-Station 3 gemäß der Figur 3 beschrieben, wozu des gleiche Zeitmultiplex-­System-Beispiel wie in Figur 4 zugrundegelegt wird.The mode of operation of the radio remote control device according to the invention with an embodiment of the receive-transmit station 3 according to FIG. 3 will now be described with reference to the pulse diagram according to FIG. 5, for which the same time-division multiplex system example as in FIG. 4 is used.

Die beiden Impuls-Sendediagramme der Sender S1 und S2 in Figur 5 entsprechen denen der Figur 4. Zusätzlich ist ein Impuls-Sendediagramm der Empfangs-Sende-Station MEREP 1 gezeigt, wobei auch hier die Station MEREP 1 im Einflußgebiet der beiden Sender S1 und S2 des Beispieles nach der Figur 4 arbeiten soll.The two pulse transmission diagrams of the transmitters S1 and S2 in FIG. 5 correspond to those of FIG. 4. In addition, a pulse transmission diagram of the receive-transmit station MEREP 1 is shown, the MEREP 1 station also being in the area of influence of the two transmitters S1 and S2 of the example according to Figure 4 should work.

Die Sende-Zeitpunktsteuerung der Empfangs-Sende-Station arbeitet nach dem gleichen Zeitmultiplex-Grundschema, dem die beiden Sender gehorchen, d. h. die Sende-Zeitpunkt-Steuerung 10 enthält prinzipiell ebenfalls einen Pseudo-Zufallsgenera­tor PZRGM 2 mit der Funktion, wie vorher zur Erläuterung der Figur 4 beschrieben. Die zugehörige Impuls-Rechteckkurve PZRGM 2 ist in Figur 5 dargestellt. Die Befehlstelegramme tsj und tsj+1 werden in der Sende-Zeitpunktsteuerung 10 ausgewertet und zur Sendewiederholung über den Sender 5 der Empfangs-Sende-Station MEREP freigegeben (tsM und tsM+1), da im dargestellten Beispiel das Befehlstelegramm die Zusatzkennung S aufweist. Die Impuls-Sende-Diagramme tsM und tsM+1 sind in Figur 5 mit dem Bezugszeichen 11 bezeichnet.The transmission-time control of the reception-transmission station works according to the same time-division multiplex basic scheme that the two transmitters obey, that is to say the transmission-time control 10 in principle also contains a pseudo-random generator PZRGM 2 with the function as previously explained for the purpose of Figure 4 described. The associated pulse-rectangular curve PZRGM 2 is shown in FIG. 5. The command telegrams t sj and t sj + 1 are evaluated in the transmission timing controller 10 and released for retransmission via the transmitter 5 of the receiving-transmitting station MEREP (t sM and t sM + 1 ), since in the example shown the command telegram has the additional identifier S has. The pulse transmission diagrams t sM and t sM + 1 are denoted in FIG. 5 by the reference symbol 11.

Die Sendezeitpunkte tsM und tsM+1 bestimmt also die Sende-Zeitpunktsteuerung 10 anhand des Pseudo-Zufallsgenera­tors gemäß dem Impulsdiagramm PZRGM 2. Nach Empfang von tsj bzw. tsj+1 erfolgt eine Wiederaussendung, wenn unmittelbar nach erfolgtem 0-1-Übergang des Impulsdiagrammes PZRGM 2 zwei logische Einsen vorhanden sind, wie bereits eingangs beschrieben.The transmission times control 10 thus determines the transmission times t sM and t sM + 1 on the basis of the pseudo-random generator according to the pulse diagram PZRGM 2. After reception of t sj and t sj + 1 , a retransmission takes place if immediately after the 0-1- Transition of the pulse diagram PZRGM 2 two logical ones are present, as already described at the beginning.

Hier wird also -im Gegensatz zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel­der Sendezeitpunkt der Wiederholung durch die Empfangs-Sende-­Station durch das Zeitmultiplex-System der Sende-Zeitpunkt­steuerung und nicht durch eine Verzögerungsschaltung mit fester Zeitverzögerung wie bei der Ausführung gemäß Figur 2 bestimmt und kann sich daher dem verwendeten Zeitmultiplex-­Schema selbsttätig anpassen.Here, in contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, the transmission time of the repetition by the receiving-transmitting station is determined by the time division multiplex system of the transmission timing control and not by a delay circuit with a fixed time delay as in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 and can therefore be used Adjust time-division multiplex scheme automatically.

Selbstverständlich kann die Sende-Zeitpunktsteuerung 10 auch nach anderen Prinzipien als nach dem Zeitmultiplex-Grund­schema der Sender S1 bis Sn durchgeführt werden, wie statistische Verfahren, mathematische Verfahren, Überwachung des Funkkanales usw. Andere Verfahren sind insbesondere dann sinnvoll, wenn das Zeitmultiplex-Grundschema der Funkfern­steuersender im Einflußbereich der Empfangs-Sende-Station MEREP nicht bekannt ist.Of course, the transmission timing control 10 can also be carried out according to principles other than the time division basic scheme of the transmitters S1 to Sn, such as statistical methods, mathematical methods, monitoring of the radio channel, etc. Other methods are particularly useful when the time division basic diagram of the Radio remote control transmitter in the sphere of influence of the receiving-transmitting station MEREP is not known.

Claims (8)

1. Verfahren zum Übertragen von Fernsteuersignalen in Form von auf der gleichen Sendefrequenz übermittelten Befehlstelegrammen zwischen im Zeitmultiplex arbeitenden, autonomen Geberstationen und einer oder mehreren Empfangssta­tionen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die von den Geberstationen ausgesandten Befehlstelegramme von mindestens einer weiteren, gegenüber den sendenden Geberstationen örtlich versetzten Sendestation, die gleichzeitig mit der oder den Empfangsstationen diese Befehlstelegramme empfängt, gegenüber der aussendenden Geberstation im Zeitraster zeitlich versetzt nochmals ausgesendet werden.1. A method for transmitting remote control signals in the form of command telegrams transmitted on the same transmission frequency between autonomous transmitter stations operating in time-division multiplexing and one or more receiving stations, characterized in that the command telegrams emitted by the transmitter stations are displaced locally by at least one further transmitter transmitter station Transmitting station, which receives these command telegrams simultaneously with the receiving station or stations, are retransmitted in a time interval with respect to the transmitting transmitter station. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß den zu wiederholenden Befehlstele­grammen in der sendenden Geberstation eine besondere Kennung aufgeprägt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a special identifier is impressed on the command telegrams to be repeated in the transmitting transmitter station. 3. Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, mit HF-Sender aufweisenden Geberstationen und je einen HF-Empfänger aufweisenden Empfangsstationen, wobei jede Geberstation eine Befehlseingabe-Vorrichtung und eine Steuerschaltung zur Informationsverarbeitung und zur Bestimmung der Sendezeit und die Empfangsstationen Steuerschaltungen zwecks Aufnahme der ihnen aufgrund von Identifikationsmerkmalen zugeordneten Befehlstelegrammen innerhalb des vorgegebenen Zeitrasters aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß örtlich zwischen Geberstationen (S1 bis Sn) und Empfangsstationen (L1 bis Ln) mindestens eine die gesendeten Befehlstelegramme aufnehmende und jeweils im Zeitraster zeitlich versetzt wieder aussendende Empfangs-Sende-Station (MEREP) vorgesehen ist, die einen HF-Empfänger (4) und -Sender (5) sowie eine verzögernde Auswerteschaltung (9, 10) aufweist, um die empfangenen Befehlstelegramme der Geberstationen zeitverzö­gert versetzt auszusenden.3. Device for performing the method according to claim 1, with RF transmitter having transmitter stations and each having an RF receiver receiving stations, each transmitter station having a command input device and a control circuit for information processing and for determining the transmission time and the receiving stations Control circuits for receiving the command telegrams assigned to them on the basis of identification features within the predefined time grid, characterized in that locally between transmitter stations (S1 to Sn) and receiving stations (L1 to Ln) at least one reception receiving the transmitted command telegrams and each time retransmitting in the time grid Transmitter station (MEREP) is provided, which has an HF receiver (4) and transmitter (5) and a delaying evaluation circuit (9, 10) in order to transmit the received command telegrams from the transmitter stations with a time delay. 4. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß der Auswerteschaltung (9) in der Empfangs-Sende-Station (MEREP) eine Verzögerungsschaltung (6) zugeordnet ist, die beim Vorhandensein eines zusätzlichen Kennmerkmales (S) im Befehlstelegramm den HF-Sender (5) zur versetzten Aussendung des empfangenen Befehlstelegrammes nach einer konstanten zeitlichen Verzögerung freigibt.4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the evaluation circuit (9) in the receive-send station (MEREP) is assigned a delay circuit (6) which, in the presence of an additional characteristic (S) in the command telegram, the RF transmitter ( 5) for the staggered transmission of the received command telegram after a constant time delay. 5. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Empfangs-Sende-Station (MEREP) eine Informationen des Befehlstelegrammes auswertende Sendezeit­punktsteuerung (10) aufweist, die in Abhängigkeit der Informationsauswertung den HF-Sender (5) zur systemange­paßten, zeitlich versetzten Aussendung des empfangenen Befehlstelegrammes freigibt.5. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the receiving-transmitting station (MEREP) has information of the command telegram evaluating transmission timing control (10) which, depending on the information evaluation, the RF transmitter (5) for system-adapted, time-shifted transmission of released received command telegram. 6. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Empfangs-Sende-Station (MEREP) einen mit der Sendezeitpunktsteuerung (10) zusammenwirkenden, das jeweils empfangene Befehlstelegramm aufnehmenden Befehlstelegrammspeicher (8) aufweist.6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the receiving-transmitting station (MEREP) has a cooperating with the transmission timing control (10), which receives the command telegram received command telegram memory (8). 7. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß der Befehlseingabe-Vorrichtung einer jeden Geberstation (S1 bis Sn) eine Sondertaste (MEREP) zuge­ordnet ist zwecks Kennzeichnung des auszusendenden Befehls­telegrammes für dessen zeitverzögerte Übertragung durch die Empfangs-Sende-Station (MEREP).7. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the command input device of each transmitter station (S1 to Sn) is assigned a special key (MEREP) for the purpose of identifying the command telegram to be sent for its time-delayed transmission by the receiving-transmitting station (MEREP). 8. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Zusatzkennung (S) durch eine Befehlskombination im Befehlstelegramm verkörpert ist.8. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the additional identifier (S) is embodied by a combination of commands in the command telegram.
EP19880101463 1988-02-02 1988-02-02 Method for transmitting remote control signals on a single carrier frequency between autonomous transmitters and receivers in time multiplexe and arrangement for realization of this method Expired - Lifetime EP0326630B1 (en)

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DE8888101463T DE3871765D1 (en) 1988-02-02 1988-02-02 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING REMOTE CONTROL SIGNALS BY MEANS OF A SINGLE CARRIER FREQUENCY BETWEEN TRANSMITTER AND AUTONOMOUS RECEIVING STATIONS WORKING IN TIME MULTIPLEX.
EP19880101463 EP0326630B1 (en) 1988-02-02 1988-02-02 Method for transmitting remote control signals on a single carrier frequency between autonomous transmitters and receivers in time multiplexe and arrangement for realization of this method

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