EP0319396B1 - Source lumineuse pour détecteur optique et dispositif optique de mesure mettant en oeuvre cette source - Google Patents

Source lumineuse pour détecteur optique et dispositif optique de mesure mettant en oeuvre cette source Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0319396B1
EP0319396B1 EP88402999A EP88402999A EP0319396B1 EP 0319396 B1 EP0319396 B1 EP 0319396B1 EP 88402999 A EP88402999 A EP 88402999A EP 88402999 A EP88402999 A EP 88402999A EP 0319396 B1 EP0319396 B1 EP 0319396B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
source
light
axis
light source
curve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88402999A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0319396A1 (fr
Inventor
Christian Singer
Guy Cerutti-Maori
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Group SAS
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Airbus Group SAS
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Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Group SAS filed Critical Airbus Group SAS
Publication of EP0319396A1 publication Critical patent/EP0319396A1/fr
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Publication of EP0319396B1 publication Critical patent/EP0319396B1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light source for an optical detector and to an optical measurement device using such a source.
  • the general field of the present invention is that of measuring the position of a body, in particular the angular position of such a body with respect to a reference frame of reference, in practice a reference plane, this position being measured by the relative position or positions of light spots coming from the source, on a linear detection element.
  • the light source described in this document is V-shaped.
  • the image of this source is directed, for example by means of an optical assembly, onto a linear detection element, most often produced by means of a CCD strip.
  • CCD initials of Charge Coupled Device
  • CCD strip strip of photosensitive elements with charge transfer. In the rest of this description, the expression "CCD strip” will be used).
  • This bar is arranged so as to be perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the image of the light source in V. The bar detects the position of light spots which are in fact constituted by the intersection of the image of the branches of the Bright V with this bar.
  • the Applicant has realized that it is desirable to be able to have a light source, capable of allowing the angular position to be measured. object, with respect to a reference plane, by means of a linear detection element, while minimizing, or, at the very least, optimizing the field of the optics used.
  • the Applicant has found that it is desirable, in certain applications, to reduce the size of the light source, in at least one of its dimensions, so as to reduce the size of such a source. .
  • Such an advantage is particularly advantageous, when using light sources and optical detectors of the aforementioned type in satellites where a saving in space results in a significant economic gain.
  • the light source according to the invention which is in the form of a planar geometric figure comprising a curve symmetrical with respect to an axis, is in particular characterized in that this curve is also symmetrical with respect to another axis and has at least a first thickness on one side of a first of the two axes, and at least a second thickness on the other side of this axis.
  • the present invention also relates to an optical device for measuring the position of a body, comprising at least one light source, an optical assembly and a linear detection element in which the position of the body is measured by the position of at least one light spot, coming from the light source, on the linear detection element, the optical assembly receiving directly or indirectly the light coming from the source to transmit it, directly or indirectly to the linear detection element, this device being characterized in that the light source conforms to the teachings recalled in the preceding paragraph.
  • the light source in V is replaced by a source in the form of a plane geometric figure comprising a curve which is not only symmetrical with respect to a vertical axis, as in the case of V, but which, in addition , is symmetrical about a second axis, horizontal that one.
  • the curve which, in a particularly advantageous preferred embodiment, is a diamond, and more precisely a square, can have a total height equal to that of the V, so that the accuracy of the measurement of the angle of rotation of the object around an axis parallel to that of the bar is the same as in the case of a V of similar height.
  • the width of said symmetrical curve can be the same as that of the base of the V, so that the measurement accuracy of the angle of rotation of the object around an axis perpendicular to the detection bar, remains the same.
  • the physical size of the light source according to the invention also depends on the diameter of the larger of the two circles mentioned above, and since both of these two circles are smaller than the circle passing through the top of the V and the opposite end of its two branches, it follows that the size of the light source according to the invention is significantly reduced compared to the size of the V of the prior art.
  • the present invention aims at two alternative embodiments of the source succinctly described above.
  • the source has, on either side of the second axis, distinct thicknesses.
  • the geometric figure formed by the light source further comprises a rectilinear segment of predetermined thickness different from said thicknesses, joining, along said axes of symmetry, the two points of intersection of the curve with said axis.
  • the light source which is in accordance with the above teachings, comprises a primary source of light illuminating an openwork mask according to a figure as succinctly described above.
  • a plane relay mirror is mounted in the body while an optical assembly is arranged between the mirror and the linear element, the device further comprising a semi-reflective blade adapted , on the one hand, to reflect part of the light coming from the source towards the optical assembly, and, on the other hand, to let part of the light coming from the optical assembly pass to the sensor.
  • the measuring device comprises on the one hand, a set of elements 11 mounted in a fixed position.
  • the measuring device 10 comprises, on the other hand, a relay mirror 12 mounted on the object whose angular position in space is to be measured relative to the frame of reference constituted by the set of elements 11 mounted at a fixed post.
  • this device is the adjustment and pointing of the satellite dish.
  • the relay mirror 12 is mounted on the parabolic antenna, as close as possible to its center, while all of the elements represented under the reference 11 are mounted on a fixed station, for example on the antenna support. . It is thus possible, as will emerge from the description which follows, to measure the angular position of the relay mirror and, consequently of the antenna, with respect to the frame of reference then constituted by the support of this antenna.
  • Such an application is interesting in particular with regard to an antenna on board a satellite.
  • the set of elements 11 comprises a light source 20, which will be described in more detail with the support of FIGS. 2 to 5, a semi-reflecting plate 14, an optical assembly 13 and a linear detection element 16, in this case a CCD strip.
  • FIG. 1 a vertical axis of rotation of the mirror 12 is shown, with reference ⁇ . It is observed that this axis of rotation is parallel to an axis y′y passing through the center of the linear detection element 16. Also shown under the reference ⁇ an axis perpendicular to the axis ⁇ . The axis ⁇ intercepts the axis ⁇ in the center of the relay mirror 12. It is also observed here that this axis is parallel to an axis x′x collinear with the linear detection element 16.
  • the axes ⁇ , ⁇ define a plane of reference, fixed with respect to all of the elements 11, the rotations of the relay mirror 12 around the axes ⁇ , ⁇ being measured as explained below.
  • the optics 13 is collinear with an axis 17 joining the point of intersection of the axes ⁇ , ⁇ and that of the axes x′x and y′y.
  • This semi-reflective plate is inclined at 45 ° relative to the axis 17 and at 45 ° relative to an axis 19 joining the center of symmetry of the source 20 (the latter being defined later in support of the figure 2) at the point of intersection of axes 17 and 18.
  • the optical assembly 13 is produced in such a way that it has a field at least equal to the angular range of measurement of the variations in the angular position of the mirror 12, the pupil of the optics being placed on the plane defined by the axes ⁇ , ⁇ (neutral position of the mirror), the plane x′x - y′y being an image plane.
  • calculation means 90 are connected to element 16.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates on the one hand, a particularly simple embodiment of the source according to the invention and, on the other hand, a variant of this embodiment making it possible to reduce the field of optics.
  • the source 20 is in the form of a plane luminous geometric figure comprising a symmetrical curve with respect to an axis, this curve being moreover symmetrical with respect to another axis, while it has a first thickness on one side of one of the axes and a second thickness of the other side of this axis.
  • the symmetrical curve is a rhombus, and, more precisely here, a square, the sides of which have been referenced respectively at 23, 23 ′, 24, 24 ′.
  • This curve is therefore symmetrical with respect to an axis, in this case the vertical axis 22 and symmetrical with respect to another axis, in this case the horizontal axis 21.
  • the light curve drawing this rhombus has a first thickness e1 on one side of a first of the two axes, here the horizontal axis 21 and a second thickness e2 of the other side of this axis.
  • the lines drawing the light sides 23, 23 ′ have a thickness e1 while the lines drawing the light sides 24, 24 ′ have a thickness e2.
  • the light lines 23, 23 ′, 24, 24 ′ can be produced in any way known to those skilled in the art.
  • the light source essentially comprises a primary light source 51 constituted by light-emitting diodes of the STANLEY H. 2000 type.
  • This primary light source 51 illuminates an opaque mask 50 having a series of openings referenced in 52 reproducing the shape described in support of FIG. 2.
  • This particularly simple embodiment makes it possible to guarantee that indeed the light lines 23, 23 ′, 24, 24 ′ have thicknesses distinct and predetermined, in accordance with the invention, the rationale for these characteristics being explained below.
  • the light source illustrated in FIG. 2 has a fifth vertical light line 25.
  • This light line 25, of thickness e3 implements a variant of the invention explained below.
  • the light source 20 which has only been shown diagrammatically in this figure, emits a light signal in the direction of the semi-reflecting plate 14, as illustrated diagrammatically by the arrows 41.
  • the blade 14 being a semi-reflecting blade, part of the light passes through this blade and is lost.
  • Another part of the light is reflected in the direction of the optic 13, as illustrated by the arrows 42.
  • the light passes through the optics 13.
  • the mirror 12 returns the light (arrows 44) which again passes through the optics and which crosses the semi-reflecting plate (arrow 45).
  • An image 20 i is formed in the plane x′x - y′y.
  • the image formed in the xy plane will be a square whose image axes of the axes 21, 22 will be collinear with the axes xx ′ and y′y.
  • the axes xx ′ and y′y are recognized as well as the linear detector, which, in this embodiment, consists of a CCD strip.
  • This linear detector has two ends respectively referenced at 32, 32 ′.
  • This intersection physically results in light spots on the CCD strip. However, these light spots illuminate a certain number of pixels of the bar at the locations corresponding to said intersections.
  • the information concerning the number and the situation of the pixels lit are transmitted to the calculation means 90 which interpret this information as follows:
  • the absolute value of the difference between the points 30, 30 ′ is a function of the position of the image 20 i along the axis y′y and therefore of the rotation of the mirror around the axis ⁇ .
  • the more the value of the angle ⁇ increases the more the points 30,30 ′ approach each other, the angle ⁇ being zero when the points 30, 30 ′ correspond to the image of the points 28, 28 ′ of the source.
  • the light spots 30, 30 ′ will have a relatively large area linked to the thickness e1 of the light lines 23, 23 ′ and, consequently, a large number of pixels, included in a predetermined range, will be lit.
  • the light spots located in the same place would have a much smaller area since it is linked to the thickness e2 of the branches 24, 24 ′, smaller than the thickness e1 branches 23, 23 ′ of the light source 20, and a smaller number of pixels included in a second predetermined range, would be illuminated.
  • the linear optical detectors currently on the market, and in particular the CCD strip used in the present embodiment, which is here of the FAIRCHILD 143 type of 2048 pixels, has a sufficient resolution 13 ⁇ m making it possible to distinguish between a surface light task linked to the thickness e1 and a light spot linked to the thickness e2.
  • the light source is constituted by a square having sides 23, 23 ′, 24, 24 ′ having a length of 18 ⁇ m, the thicknesses e1 and e2 being respectively 145 ⁇ m, and 90 ⁇ m.
  • the CCD array being of the FAIRCHILD 143 type
  • the number of illuminated pixels is respectively 11 on the one hand, and 7 on the other hand.
  • the light source 20 makes it possible to measure angular deflections around the axes ⁇ , ⁇ of the same total amplitude as a light source conforming to the prior art, in the form of a V, the height of which would be identical to the height of the rhombus (in this case at the diagonal of the square: distance between points 26 and 27) and whose base would be equal to the width of this rhombus (in this case at the diagonal of the square between points 28 and 28 ′).
  • the optics 13 should have an angular field the magnitude of which would be at least such that it should include at least one circle passing through the apex of the V and the opposite end of its two branches, while in the present case, the optics 13 only has to take into account a field encompassing a circle whose diameter is equal to the diagonal of the square, therefore, substantially smaller than the aforementioned circle.
  • the overall size of the light source 20 is also a function, in the context of the prior art, of the circle passing through the top of the V and the opposite end of its two branches, and, in the context of the invention, from the circle in which the square is inscribed, it follows that, at angular ranges of equivalent measurements, the size of the source described in the present application is significantly smaller than that of an equivalent source in accordance with the teachings of the prior art.
  • the geometric figure further comprises a rectilinear segment of predetermined thickness different from said thicknesses, joining, along one of said axes of symmetry, the two points of intersection of the curve with said axis.
  • FIG. 2 This variant is also illustrated in FIG. 2 and it is constituted by a fifth luminous line, bearing the reference 25 in this figure, this luminous line having a thickness e3 distinct from the thicknesses e1 and e2.
  • this luminous line 25 extends along the diagonal 26, 26 ′ of the square. This diagonal being collinear with the axis 22, the points 26, 26 ′ represent the intersection of the curve formed by the lines 23, 23 ′ 24, 24 ′ with this axis.
  • Such a source could have been used with an optic whose field, in the xy plane is limited to a circle, referenced at 61 in FIG. 4, this circle having a diameter equal to the width of the image of the source 20 (this width corresponding to the image of the diagonal 28, 28 ′).
  • the source operates as explained above, except that the intersection 31 of the image of the light segment 25 with the strip 16 corresponds to the position medium light task 30, 30 ′, and that therefore, the calculation means 90 do not have to calculate this position but simply to take into account the position of the light task 31, the latter having moreover a different area from the other tasks since the light segment 25 has a thickness different from the other light segments.
  • this uncertainty is lifted by the presence of the image of the light line 25 and, more precisely, by the presence of the light spot 31 representing the intersection of the light line 25 with the CCD strip 16 .
  • FIG. 6 another embodiment of a mask is illustrated making it possible to lift the area of uncertainty illustrated in FIG. 4. It is observed that this light source has, in this variant, four segments 71-74 of distinct thickness (e4 - e7).
  • the image of each of the four light segments has a different width, which means that in each of the four cases a different number of pixels of the CCD strip is illuminated, which makes it possible to recognize the image of the segment in intersection with the CCD strip. In this way we can remove the uncertainty illustrated in Figure 4. Indeed, depending on whether the light spot has such or such thickness, we can determine what is the segment 71-74 whose image comes into intersection with the axis of x on the CCD strip.
  • the light lines 23, 24 do not necessarily have to be rectilinear. On the contrary, in certain applications, it may prove useful to use a source in accordance with the invention whose equivalent of the light lines 23, 23 ′, 24, 24 ′ will be curvilic.
  • any form of symmetrical curve at least with respect to two axes may be suitable.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
EP88402999A 1987-11-30 1988-11-29 Source lumineuse pour détecteur optique et dispositif optique de mesure mettant en oeuvre cette source Expired - Lifetime EP0319396B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8716569 1987-11-30
FR8716569A FR2623901B1 (fr) 1987-11-30 1987-11-30 Source lumineuse pour detecteur optique et dispositif optique de mesure mettant en oeuvre cette source

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0319396A1 EP0319396A1 (fr) 1989-06-07
EP0319396B1 true EP0319396B1 (fr) 1992-03-25

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ID=9357301

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88402999A Expired - Lifetime EP0319396B1 (fr) 1987-11-30 1988-11-29 Source lumineuse pour détecteur optique et dispositif optique de mesure mettant en oeuvre cette source

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5044751A (es)
EP (1) EP0319396B1 (es)
JP (1) JPH02502672A (es)
CA (1) CA1311027C (es)
DE (1) DE3869570D1 (es)
ES (1) ES2030196T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2623901B1 (es)
WO (1) WO1989005437A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7227627B1 (en) 2005-06-23 2007-06-05 L-3 Communications Sonoma Eo, Inc. Optical biaxial angle sensor

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3197643A (en) * 1960-12-30 1965-07-27 Ibm Electro-optical plane aligning apparatus
GB1550339A (en) * 1975-08-28 1979-08-15 Elliott Brothers London Ltd Optical angular position sensors
IT1068819B (it) * 1976-09-27 1985-03-21 Galileo Spa Off Dispositivo per misure scartometri che a distanza con l impiego di sorgenti elettroottiche di forma geometrica definita
US4330212A (en) * 1978-12-18 1982-05-18 Grumman Aerospace Corporation Triaxis laser alignment system and method
DE3311945C2 (de) * 1983-03-31 1986-07-31 Karl F. Zimmer oHG, 6101 Roßdorf Vorrichtung zur berührungslosen Messung von Winkeln
NL8701074A (nl) * 1987-05-07 1988-12-01 Optische Ind De Oude Delft Nv Meetmerkinrichting.
GB8719154D0 (en) * 1987-08-13 1987-09-23 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Optically measuring relative angular movement

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Publication number Publication date
WO1989005437A1 (fr) 1989-06-15
US5044751A (en) 1991-09-03
CA1311027C (en) 1992-12-01
EP0319396A1 (fr) 1989-06-07
JPH02502672A (ja) 1990-08-23
DE3869570D1 (de) 1992-04-30
FR2623901B1 (fr) 1990-05-04
ES2030196T3 (es) 1992-10-16
FR2623901A1 (fr) 1989-06-02

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