EP0317830A2 - Verfahren zum Biegen metallischer Gegenstände - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Biegen metallischer Gegenstände Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0317830A2
EP0317830A2 EP88118683A EP88118683A EP0317830A2 EP 0317830 A2 EP0317830 A2 EP 0317830A2 EP 88118683 A EP88118683 A EP 88118683A EP 88118683 A EP88118683 A EP 88118683A EP 0317830 A2 EP0317830 A2 EP 0317830A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
phase
bending
stream
bending line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88118683A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0317830B1 (de
EP0317830A3 (en
Inventor
Henryk Frackiewicz
Zygmunt Mucha
Wieslaw Trampczynski
Adolf Baranowski
Andrzej Cybulski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Podstawowych Problemow Techniki
Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut
Original Assignee
Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Podstawowych Problemow Techniki
Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=20039185&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0317830(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Podstawowych Problemow Techniki, Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut filed Critical Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Podstawowych Problemow Techniki
Publication of EP0317830A2 publication Critical patent/EP0317830A2/de
Publication of EP0317830A3 publication Critical patent/EP0317830A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0317830B1 publication Critical patent/EP0317830B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
    • B21D11/20—Bending sheet metal, not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering

Definitions

  • the subject of this present invention is a method of bending metal objects, such as plates, bars, etc., along straight lines.
  • This method it is possible to bend objects with constant and varying thickness, and also objects made of brittle materials and of materials with high hardness.
  • the hitherto known methods of bending objects of such type involve the plastic deformation of the material of the object being bent by applying external forces appropriate as to size and direction.
  • the bending is effected by means of the bending machines, bending dies and bending presses adapted to that purpose, frequently very powerful.
  • the purpose of this present invention has been to develop a method of changing the curvature of metal objects, in the way that would not require the appli­cation of heavy equipment and, simultaneously, should make it possible to apply a controlled bending process with a high accuracy of deformation.
  • the essence of this present invention involves sub­jecting the objects to the repetitive, two-phase process of heating and cooling the material along a selected line.
  • the material is subjected to heating with a concentrated stream of energy causing a thermal effect.
  • the heating either takes place simultaneously along the entire line, or the stream of energy is moving along the line at a predetermined speed.
  • the material is locally plasticised and partially melted in the region of the heating line.
  • the local nature of the action of the stream of energy together with the heating speed cause the material undergo plastic deformation in that region due to the phenomenon of thermal expansion.
  • the heating mentioned is conducted in such a way that the zone of the material in which the deformation occurs reaches a depth smaller than the thickness of the object.
  • the object is cooled at ambient temperature or, additionally, in a stream of blown gas, so as to reach the condition in which the material ceases to be plastic throughout the entire region.
  • the previously deformed zone of the material becomes shorter along the fibres perpendicular to the heating lines due to the thermal shrinkage of the material. Since the shrinking fibres of the material form the zone which does not cover the entire thickness of the object, the object bends at an angle along the line of the original heating.
  • the heating and cooling process take place under a protective gas atmosphere for the purpose of eliminating the harmful effect of air on the heated area. It is advantageous to carry out the heating process by means of a layer of a substance increasing the coefficient of absorption of the stream of energy.
  • a high-power laser or electron beam is used as the source of energy.
  • the method as per this present invention makes it possible to bend metal objects without the need of employing external forces.
  • the curvature of objects can be changed from a distance under the conditions in which the access to that object is impossible.
  • the same method allows bending of objects made of brittle and high-hardness materials, for which the previously known methods could not be employed.
  • Fig. 1 shows the method of bending a flat parallel plate object whose side view is shown
  • Fig. 2 shows the front view of the same plate
  • Fig. 3 shows a fragment of a section of the plate being heated
  • Fig. 4 shows the same fragment of the section of the plate when being cooled
  • Fig. 5 shows the diagram of the material heating temperature distribution vs. the thickness of the object within the heating phase
  • Fig. 6 shows a stress distribution diagram of the cooling phase.
  • the material of the object being bent is subject to heating with concentrated stream of energy SE of laser radiation.
  • Application of the stream of energy SE of laser radiation, moving at speed V along the bending line AA entails a local change in the condition of the material cha­racterised by different properties at depth G .
  • the temperature distribution of the heated material indicates additionally the material melting temperature T m .
  • the material of the first, S1 , and the second, S2 , zones flows out to occupy an increased volume as a result of the stresses caused by the effect of thermal expansion.
  • This temperature distribution related to melting temperature T m determines the size of the first, S1 , and the second, S2 zones relative to material thickness L.
  • the material is cooled at ambient temperature or, additionally, in the stream of a blown gas.
  • the material within the region of the bending line i. e. the liquid in first zone S1 and the plasticised material in the second zone, S2 , is transformed into solid state.
  • the boundary of the region encompassing the plasticising and melting zone in the heating phase has been marked with line U in Fig. 4.
  • the heating and cooling conditions are selected so that the tensile and compressive stresses created in the material should be much smaller than are their limit stresses.
  • the heating and cooling parameters such as the stream movement speed, the stream power, the absence or presence, and nature of a layer absorbing the stream of energy, etc.
  • control is exercised on the magnitude of the stresses created in the material in order to obtain the desired angle of bending (Figs. 1 and 4) during one cycle of heating and cooling along the bending line.
  • the slab 0.7 mm thick and 20 mm wide, is made of 50HSA steel and heated with a radiation beam of a continuously operating 300 W CO2 laser, the source of energy moving along line AA (Fig. 2) at the speed of 2,5 cm/sec.
  • the beam is directed perpendicu­larly to the surface of the slab.
  • the heating takes place under a protective argon atmosphere.
  • the slab was cooled in the ambient atmos­phere within about 1 second. With such conditions of the method employed and after a single heating and cooling cycle, the slab was bent at the angle of 2,8°.
  • the method of bending objects according to this present invention can be used for shaping objects of brittle or high-strength materials. Besides, this method can be employed for shaping objects when access to them is difficult, e. g. under vacuum or under hazardous conditions (high-tension, harmful radiation, etc.).

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP19880118683 1987-11-26 1988-11-09 Verfahren zum Biegen metallischer Gegenstände Expired EP0317830B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL26903987A PL155358B1 (en) 1987-11-26 1987-11-26 Method of bending metal workpieces
PL269039 1987-11-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0317830A2 true EP0317830A2 (de) 1989-05-31
EP0317830A3 EP0317830A3 (en) 1990-05-23
EP0317830B1 EP0317830B1 (de) 1992-09-30

Family

ID=20039185

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880118683 Expired EP0317830B1 (de) 1987-11-26 1988-11-09 Verfahren zum Biegen metallischer Gegenstände

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0317830B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH01192423A (de)
DE (1) DE3875078T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2035219T3 (de)
PL (1) PL155358B1 (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3905551A1 (de) * 1989-02-23 1990-08-30 Gartzen Johannes Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von oberflaechen mittels laserstrahl
EP0594096A1 (de) * 1992-10-19 1994-04-27 T.T.K. KUNSTSTOFF-TECHNOLOGIE GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verformung, insbesondere zum Biegen, von im wesentlichen flächigen Gegenständen
WO1995002475A1 (en) * 1993-07-15 1995-01-26 Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki PAN Bending method for metallic objects
WO1996033838A1 (de) * 1995-04-24 1996-10-31 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vorrichtung und verfahren zum umformen von werkstücken mit laserdiodenstrahlung
EP0794562A3 (de) * 1996-03-07 1998-08-05 Seiko Instruments Inc. Mikro-Bearbeitungsverfahren und mikro-bearbeitete Struktur
FR2771471A1 (fr) * 1997-11-24 1999-05-28 Siemens Ag Procede d'ajustement de la course d'aiguille dans des valves de dosage et valve de dosage ajustee par ce procede
CN100434203C (zh) * 2006-02-28 2008-11-19 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 铝镁合金船体水火矫正方法
CN105414246A (zh) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-23 西北工业大学 钛合金激光弯曲成形零件弯曲角的预测方法

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5142778A (en) * 1991-03-13 1992-09-01 United Technologies Corporation Gas turbine engine component repair
DE19958232A1 (de) * 1999-12-03 2001-07-05 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum berührungslosen Biegen von Teilen aus einem Kunststoff mit thermoplastischen Eigenschaften und nach diesem Verfahren gebogenes oder justiertes Teil
WO2001039959A1 (de) * 1999-12-03 2001-06-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum berührungslosen biegen von teilen aus einem thermosplastischen kunststoff und nach diesem verfahren gebogenes oder justiertes teil
DE19958231B4 (de) * 1999-12-03 2005-10-06 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum berührungslosen Biegen von Teilen aus einem Kunststoff mit thermoplastischen Eigenschaften und nach diesem Verfahren gebogenes oder justiertes Teil
US7356055B2 (en) 2001-04-12 2008-04-08 Finisar Corporation Method and device for regulating the average wavelength of a laser, especially a semiconductor laser
DE10118451A1 (de) 2001-04-12 2002-10-24 Aifotec Ag Fiberoptics Justierverfahren, insbesondere Laser-Justierverfahren, und hierfür geeigneter Aktor
DE10128827A1 (de) 2001-06-15 2003-01-09 Aifotec Ag Fiberoptics Justierverfahren, insbesondere Laser-Justierverfahren und hierfür geeigneter Aktor
US20060000814A1 (en) 2004-06-30 2006-01-05 Bo Gu Laser-based method and system for processing targeted surface material and article produced thereby
CN114101391B (zh) * 2021-09-08 2023-06-09 蓝箭航天空间科技股份有限公司 航天用大型尺寸低刚度件的矫形方法及液体火箭

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2428825A (en) * 1941-02-27 1947-10-14 Linde Air Prod Co Method of controlling distortion, straightening distorted objects, and/or altering the shape of metal objects
DE888401C (de) * 1943-07-20 1953-08-31 Administration Sequestre Des R Verfahren zum Richten von Werkstuecken
DE1160815B (de) * 1959-07-21 1964-01-09 Hoesch Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Profilen aus kaltgewalzten oder vergueteten Stahl- undNichteisenmetallbaendern
DE1627490A1 (de) * 1967-06-07 1970-05-06 Babcock & Wilcox Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Boegen
JPS62110883A (ja) * 1985-11-09 1987-05-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp ド−ム状構造物の製造方法
JPS62134118A (ja) * 1985-12-05 1987-06-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 板ばねの形状精度修正方法
JPS62134117A (ja) * 1985-12-05 1987-06-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 管の製造方法

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3905551A1 (de) * 1989-02-23 1990-08-30 Gartzen Johannes Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von oberflaechen mittels laserstrahl
EP0594096A1 (de) * 1992-10-19 1994-04-27 T.T.K. KUNSTSTOFF-TECHNOLOGIE GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verformung, insbesondere zum Biegen, von im wesentlichen flächigen Gegenständen
WO1995002475A1 (en) * 1993-07-15 1995-01-26 Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki PAN Bending method for metallic objects
WO1996033838A1 (de) * 1995-04-24 1996-10-31 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vorrichtung und verfahren zum umformen von werkstücken mit laserdiodenstrahlung
EP0794562A3 (de) * 1996-03-07 1998-08-05 Seiko Instruments Inc. Mikro-Bearbeitungsverfahren und mikro-bearbeitete Struktur
US5976390A (en) * 1996-03-07 1999-11-02 Seiko Instruments Inc. Micromachining method and micromachined structure
FR2771471A1 (fr) * 1997-11-24 1999-05-28 Siemens Ag Procede d'ajustement de la course d'aiguille dans des valves de dosage et valve de dosage ajustee par ce procede
DE19752028A1 (de) * 1997-11-24 1999-06-02 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Justierung des Ventilnadelhubs bei Dosierventilen und Dosierventil mit nach diesem Verfahren justierten Ventilnadelhub
DE19752028C2 (de) * 1997-11-24 1999-09-30 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Justierung des Ventilnadelhubs bei Dosierventilen und Dosierventil mit nach diesem Verfahren justierten Ventilnadelhub
CN100434203C (zh) * 2006-02-28 2008-11-19 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 铝镁合金船体水火矫正方法
CN105414246A (zh) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-23 西北工业大学 钛合金激光弯曲成形零件弯曲角的预测方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01192423A (ja) 1989-08-02
ES2035219T3 (es) 1993-04-16
DE3875078D1 (de) 1992-11-05
EP0317830B1 (de) 1992-09-30
PL269039A1 (en) 1989-05-30
PL155358B1 (en) 1991-11-29
EP0317830A3 (en) 1990-05-23
DE3875078T2 (de) 1993-02-18

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