EP0317805A1 - Device for transporting cigarette packages in combination with a packaging machine - Google Patents

Device for transporting cigarette packages in combination with a packaging machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0317805A1
EP0317805A1 EP88118303A EP88118303A EP0317805A1 EP 0317805 A1 EP0317805 A1 EP 0317805A1 EP 88118303 A EP88118303 A EP 88118303A EP 88118303 A EP88118303 A EP 88118303A EP 0317805 A1 EP0317805 A1 EP 0317805A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pocket
pockets
turret
levers
packs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88118303A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0317805B1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Focke
Helmut Granz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
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Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0317805A1 publication Critical patent/EP0317805A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0317805B1 publication Critical patent/EP0317805B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00—Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/02—Packaging cigarettes
    • B65B19/22—Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers
    • B65B19/223—Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers in a curved path; in a combination of straight and curved paths, e.g. on rotary tables or other endless conveyors
    • B65B19/226—Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers in a curved path; in a combination of straight and curved paths, e.g. on rotary tables or other endless conveyors using endless conveyors having pockets, each pocket being provided with separate members, e.g. folders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B35/00—Supplying, feeding, arranging or orientating articles to be packaged
    • B65B35/30—Arranging and feeding articles in groups
    • B65B35/46—Arranging and feeding articles in groups by rotary conveyors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for transporting block-shaped (cigarette) packs, in particular for transferring them from a conveyor track to a (dry) turret, with a transfer turret which has a number of radially outer and laterally open pockets for receiving the packs.
  • the pockets having transversely movable, in particular pivotable pocket walls which can be moved apart for receiving and dispensing packs by supporting pivoting levers of the pocket walls on a reciprocating cam.
  • Such a transfer device for cigarette packs is described in DE-OS 24 40 006.
  • the over shown there gaberevolver is used to hold packs of cigarettes from a straight feed path to a dry turret (Fig. 13) of DE-OS 24 40 006.
  • the transfer turret is provided with pockets which are designed and designed to hold two packs lying next to one another in the radial direction. These are inserted in the radial direction into the open pockets - with the pocket walls moved apart - and in the axial direction out of the pockets and pushed into pockets of a drying turret.
  • the device designed in this way for the transfer of packs to a drying turret does not ensure a sufficiently safe transport of the two packs arranged in one pocket.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop and improve a device for transporting (cigarette) packs in such a way that the transfer turret enables higher performance with safe transport of the packs.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that for simultaneously receiving, conveying and transferring two packs of the transfer revolver has two pockets lying side by side in one plane, the pocket walls of which can be moved simultaneously in the open or closed position by pairs of pivoting levers.
  • the pockets are each designed to hold a single pack.
  • the two bags arranged side by side are loaded with one pack at a time (from below). These are also transferred simultaneously to the pockets of a drying turret or another conveyor by radial ejection.
  • the packs on the side surfaces of the pocket walls are each equipped with a swiveling operating lever bound, namely outer walls with a main lever and inner walls with a support lever, the main levers being supported with a feeler roller on the circumference of a cam disc and the support levers with a support roller on the main lever or its feeler roller.
  • main and support levers of the same pocket are arranged in a common plane, offset from the main and support levers of the adjacent pockets.
  • a main lever and a support lever of another, adjacent pocket are each mounted on a common axis of rotation. These in turn are arranged between two turret disks spaced from one another, connecting them to one another.
  • the transfer turret according to the invention enables simple operation of the pockets to be actuated securely, such that two packs can be inserted into open pockets facing downwards in the area of a pick-up station and transferred to the dry turret in the area of a transfer station in the axial direction, whereby in the area of the pick-up station the pocket walls are wide open, but are only slightly open in the area of the transfer station.
  • the device shown is part of a packaging machine, in particular for (cigar type) packs 10, 11 of the hinged box type (hinge-lid pack).
  • An example of the remaining part of the packaging machine is shown and described in DE-OS 24 40 006.
  • the device shown is arranged after a packing line 12 for the straight transport of the finished packs 10, 11.
  • the aim is to transfer the packs 10, 11 to a drying turret 13 after the folding operations have been completed, in which the packs 10, 11 remain to stabilize the shape and to dry out glue spots.
  • the drying turret 13 is therefore equipped with a plurality of drying pockets 4 arranged along the circumference for receiving a pack 10, 11, respectively.
  • the device shown is concerned with further conveying two packs 10, 11 produced simultaneously and conveyed alongside one another on the packing path 12 and at the same time to transfer them to the drying turret 13.
  • This is equipped with two pocket wreaths 15, 16 from a series of drying pockets 14 lying close together. Two drying pockets 14 lying side by side in the radial direction are simultaneously loaded with packs 10, 11.
  • the transfer of the two packs 10, 11 from the packing web 12 to the drying turret 13 takes place by means of a transfer turret 17.
  • This is provided with several pairs of pockets 18, 19, 18a, 19a.
  • Each two pockets 18, 19 .. lie aligned next to each other and in a common plane form a pocket unit 20, 21, 22, 23, 24. Accordingly, five pocket units 20..24, each with two pockets 18, 19; 18a, 18b .. Polygon-like arranged side by side in the circumferential direction.
  • the transfer turret 17 thereby receives the shape of a regular pentagon overall.
  • the pockets 18, 19; 18a, 18b .. are designed such that, in a lower position in the area of a receiving station 25, the two packs 10, 11 can be inserted from the packing track 12 in the upward direction into the pockets 18, 19 .. with approximately radial directional movement.
  • the packs 10, 11 can be transferred from the pack web 12 to the transfer turret 17 in a manner analogous to DE-OS 24 40 006 (FIGS. 12 and 13 of this document). Then - with pockets 18, 19 .. closed - the transfer turret 17 is advanced by an angular range corresponding to a pocket unit 20, 21 .., in the embodiment of FIG. 1 counterclockwise.
  • the packs 10, 11 are thus conveyed through the transfer turret 17 into the area of a transfer station 26.
  • the packs 10, 11 are ejected in the axially parallel direction into the dry pockets 14 of the two pocket rings 15 and 16, which are aligned with the pockets 18, 19 during the transfer.
  • corresponding reciprocable slides 27, 28 are assigned to the pockets 18, 19 .. in the transfer station 26.
  • the pockets 18, 19; 18a, 19a .. each consist of two pocket walls, namely an outer wall 29, 30 and an inner wall 31, 32. These are shaped in such a way that they hold the packs 10, 11 in the closed position, but on the other hand also the insertion into the pockets 18 , 19 .. enable.
  • the outer walls 29, 30, which are shorter in the radial direction are provided with an angled holding edge 33 on the outer edges.
  • the inner walls 31, 32 have an extension piece 34 which, when the pockets 18, 19 (FIGS. 1 and 2 below) are open, assumes a funnel-shaped position and thereby facilitates the insertion of the packs 10, 11 into the pockets 18, 19 in the radial direction.
  • a recess 35 forms a stop for holding the pack 10, 11 in the pocket.
  • the outer walls 29, 30 and inner walls 31, 32 are mounted on pivotable actuating levers.
  • the outer walls 29, 30 are each connected to main levers 36, 37.
  • the inner walls 31, 32 are seated on support levers 38, 39.
  • the aforementioned levers 36..39 are designed as two-armed levers.
  • feeler rollers 40, 41 run on the circumference of cam disks - in the present exemplary embodiment of two cam disks 42, 43 arranged next to one another and designed in the same way.
  • the two cams 42, 43 are provided because the feeler rollers 40, 41 are offset from one another due to the arrangement of the levers in different planes.
  • the support levers 38, 39 are acted upon by the main levers 36, 37 in the pivoting sense, namely by the support of support rollers 44, 45 on the main levers 36, 37 assigned to feeler rollers 40, 41.
  • the relative position of the feeler rollers 40, 41 to the support rollers 44, 45 is such that a movement of the feeler rollers 40, 41 in the radial direction results in a corresponding movement of the support rollers 44, 45 and thus a pivoting of the support levers 38, 39.
  • a movement directed radially outwards in this sense causes the support levers 38, 39 to pivot in the opening sense of the inner walls 31, 32.
  • the cams 42, 43 are provided with ridges 46, 47 in the region of the receiving station 25 and with further ridges 48, 49 in the region of the transfer station 26.
  • the latter have a smaller radial dimension than the ridges hungen 46, 47, so that only a slight opening movement takes place in the area of the transfer station, which is sufficient to enable a constraint-free displacement of the packs 10, 11 in the axis-parallel direction.
  • the cams 42, 43 are used to perform an opening and closing movement of the pockets 18, 19; 18a, 19a .. moved back and forth in the circumferential direction, namely along an angle of rotation 50 of 20 °.
  • the relative position of the cams 42, 43 with the elevations 46..49 to the main levers 36, 37 and their feeler rollers 40, 41 is selected so that only the main levers 36, 37 of the pockets 18, 19 in the region of the receiving station 25 and the pockets 18c, 19c are acted upon in the area of the transfer station.
  • the corresponding rotary movement of the cams 42, 43 takes place when the transfer turret 17 is at a standstill, so that the elevations 46..49 on the feeler rollers 40, 41 are moved past them by performing a radially directed stroke.
  • the levers 36..39 are mounted on radially outer axes of rotation 51, 52.
  • the arrangement is such that both a main lever 37 and a support lever 38 of two different, adjacent pockets (e.g. pockets 18 and 19d) are mounted on a common axis of rotation 51.
  • the main lever 36 and a support lever 39 are mounted on the adjacent axis of rotation 52, both levers assigned to different, "corner" adjacent pockets.
  • the levers 36..39 automatically return to the starting position by means of support springs 53 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, are arranged between the adjacent inner walls 31, 32 of the pockets 18, 19 .. belonging to a pocket unit 20, 21 ..
  • the support springs 53 are actuated when the pockets are opened in the sense of being compressed strikes.
  • the axes of rotation 51, 52 and the levers 36..39 are mounted between two plate-shaped turret disks 54, 55 arranged at a distance from one another. These are connected to one another by the axes of rotation 51, 52, the axes of rotation 51, 52 being accommodated in the turret discs 54, 55 with rotary bearings at the ends.
  • the turret disks 54, 55 are designed as regular pentagons in accordance with the design of the transfer turret 17. There are two pockets 18, 19 .. a pocket unit 20, 21 .. in each case in the area of rectilinear disk edges 56. The turret disks 54, 55 are connected to one another in this area by a plate-shaped pocket bottom 57. The packs 10, 11 rest against this. The pockets 18, 19 .. are open on the sides in the axial direction.
  • the levers 36..39 are mounted on the axes of rotation 51, 52 in a number of planes, in the present case in two planes offset in the axial direction.
  • the main levers 36 and 37 on the one hand and support levers 38 and 39 on the other hand, each associated with a pocket 18, 19 .. are in a common plane. 1 and 2, the main lever 36 and the support lever 38 of the pocket 18 lie in a front plane of the drawing.
  • the main lever 37 assigned to the pocket 19 and the support lever 39 belonging to the same pocket 19 are in a recessed, rear plane of the transfer turret 17.
  • the pocket walls connected to the levers 36..39 namely outer walls 29, 30 and inner walls 31, 32, are each centered on the pockets 18, 19 ..
  • the levers 36..39 are eccentric, that is, offset, with the pocket walls, insofar as they are specified based on the level of the bearing 29..32 connected (Fig. 3 and 4).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
  • Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)

Abstract

For the transfer of cuboid-shaped (cigarette) packages (10, 11) from a (straight) packaging path (12) to a drying revolver (13) or the like, there is provided a transfer revolver (17) which is designed for the simultaneous reception, the further conveyance and the transfer of in each case two packages (10, 11). For this purpose, pocket units (20, 21..) comprising two adjacent and simultaneously charged pockets (18, 19; 18a, 19a;..) are respectively mounted on the transfer revolver (17). Their pocket walls (outer walls 29, 30 and inner walls 31, 32) are actuated by main levers (36, 37) and supporting levers (38, 39) for opening and closing, the latter being supported on a rotatable cam wheel (42, 43). …<IMAGE>…

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Transport von blockförmigen (Zigaretten-)Packungen, insbesondere zur Übergabe derselben von einer Förderbahn an einen (Trocken-)Revolver, mit einem Überführungsrevolver, der eine Anzahl von radial außen und seitlich offenen Taschen zur Aufnahme der Packungen auf­weist, wobei die Taschen quer bewegbare, insbesondere schwenk­bare Taschenwände aufweisen, die zur Aufnahme und Abgabe von Packungen auseinanderbewegbar sind durch Abstützen von Schwenk­hebeln der Taschenwände auf eine hin- und herbewegbaren Kurven­scheibe.The invention relates to a device for transporting block-shaped (cigarette) packs, in particular for transferring them from a conveyor track to a (dry) turret, with a transfer turret which has a number of radially outer and laterally open pockets for receiving the packs. the pockets having transversely movable, in particular pivotable pocket walls which can be moved apart for receiving and dispensing packs by supporting pivoting levers of the pocket walls on a reciprocating cam.

Eine derartige Übergabevorrichtung für Zigaretten-Packungen ist in der DE-OS 24 40 006 vorbeschrieben. Der dort gezeigte Über­ gaberevolver dient zur Aufnahme von Zigaretten-Packungen von einer geradlinigen Zuförderbahn an einen Trockenrevol­ver (Fig. 13) der DE-OS 24 40 006. Der Überführungsrevol­ver ist mit Taschen versehen, die für die Aufnahme von zwei in Radialrichtung nebeneinanderliegenden Packungen bestimmt und ausgebildet sind. Diese werden in Radial­richtung in die offenen Taschen - mit auseinanderbewegten Taschenwänden - eingeführt und in Axialrichtung aus den Taschen aus- und in Taschen eines Trockenrevolvers einge­schoben. Die so ausgebildete Vorrichtung zur Übergabe von Packungen an einen Trockenrevolver gewährleistet keinen ausreichend sicheren Transport der jeweils zwei in einer Tasche angeordneten Packungen.Such a transfer device for cigarette packs is described in DE-OS 24 40 006. The over shown there gaberevolver is used to hold packs of cigarettes from a straight feed path to a dry turret (Fig. 13) of DE-OS 24 40 006. The transfer turret is provided with pockets which are designed and designed to hold two packs lying next to one another in the radial direction. These are inserted in the radial direction into the open pockets - with the pocket walls moved apart - and in the axial direction out of the pockets and pushed into pockets of a drying turret. The device designed in this way for the transfer of packs to a drying turret does not ensure a sufficiently safe transport of the two packs arranged in one pocket.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Transport von (Zigaretten-)Packungen dahingehend wei­terzuentwickeln und zu verbessern, daß der Überführungsre­volver eine höhere Leistung bei sicherem Transport der Packungen ermöglicht.The invention has for its object to further develop and improve a device for transporting (cigarette) packs in such a way that the transfer turret enables higher performance with safe transport of the packs.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist die erfindungsgemäße Vor­richtung dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum gleichzeitigen Aufnehmen, Fördern und Übergeben von zwei Packungen der Überführungsrevolver zwei in einer Ebene nebeneinanderlie­gende Taschen aufweist, deren Taschenwände durch Paare von Schwenkhebeln gleichzeitig in Öffnungs- oder Schließ­stellung bewegbar sind.To achieve this object, the device according to the invention is characterized in that for simultaneously receiving, conveying and transferring two packs of the transfer revolver has two pockets lying side by side in one plane, the pocket walls of which can be moved simultaneously in the open or closed position by pairs of pivoting levers.

Die Taschen sind jeweils zur Aufnahme einer einzelnen Packung ausgebildet. Die nebeneinander angeordneten zwei Taschen werden gleichzeitig (von unten) mit je einer Packung beschickt. Diese werden ebenfalls gleichzeitig durch Radialausschub an Taschen eines Trockenrevolvers oder eines anderen Förderorgans übergeben.The pockets are each designed to hold a single pack. The two bags arranged side by side are loaded with one pack at a time (from below). These are also transferred simultaneously to the pockets of a drying turret or another conveyor by radial ejection.

Die Packungen an Seitenflächen erfassenden Taschenwände sind jeweils mit einem schwenkbaren Betätigungshebel ver­ bunden, nämlich Außenwände mit einem Haupthebel und Innen­wände mit einem Stützhebel, wobei die Haupthebel mit einer Tastrolle auf dem Umfang einer Kurvenscheibe und die Stützhebel mit einer Stützrolle auf dem Haupthebel bzw. dessen Tastrolle abgestützt sind.The packs on the side surfaces of the pocket walls are each equipped with a swiveling operating lever bound, namely outer walls with a main lever and inner walls with a support lever, the main levers being supported with a feeler roller on the circumference of a cam disc and the support levers with a support roller on the main lever or its feeler roller.

Aus Gründen der räumlichen Unterbringung sind Haupt- und Stützhebel derselben Tasche in einer gemeinsamen Ebene angeordnet, versetzt zu Haupt- und Stützhebel der benach­barten Taschen. Jeweils ein Haupthebel und ein Stützhebel einer anderen, benachbarten Tasche sind auf einer gemein­samen Drehachse gelagert. Diese wiederum sind zwischen zwei im Abstand voneinander angeordneten Revolverscheiben angeordnet, diese miteinander verbindend.For reasons of spatial accommodation, the main and support levers of the same pocket are arranged in a common plane, offset from the main and support levers of the adjacent pockets. A main lever and a support lever of another, adjacent pocket are each mounted on a common axis of rotation. These in turn are arranged between two turret disks spaced from one another, connecting them to one another.

Der erfindungsgemäße Überführungsrevolver ermöglicht durch einfache Funktionsabläufe eine gesicherte Betätigung der Taschen, derart, daß im Bereich einer Aufnahmestation je­weils zwei Packungen in nach unten weisende, offene Ta­schen eingeführt und im Bereich einer Übergabestation in Axialrichtung an den Trockenrevolver übergeben werden kön­nen, wobei im Bereich der Aufnahmestation die Taschenwände weit geöffnet, im Bereich der Übergabestation aber nur ge­ringfügig geöffnet sind.The transfer turret according to the invention enables simple operation of the pockets to be actuated securely, such that two packs can be inserted into open pockets facing downwards in the area of a pick-up station and transferred to the dry turret in the area of a transfer station in the axial direction, whereby in the area of the pick-up station the pocket walls are wide open, but are only slightly open in the area of the transfer station.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung betreffen die Ausgestaltung des Überführungsrevolvers.Further features of the invention relate to the design of the transfer revolver.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 die Übergabevorrichtung mit Überführungsrevolver in Vorderansicht, teilweise geschnitten,
  • Fig. 2 einen Ausschnitt des Überführungsrevolvers in ei­ner Darstellung entsprechend Fig. 1 bei vergrö­ßertem Maßstab,
  • Fig. 3 die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 in Seitenansicht, teilweise geschnitten, und
  • Fig. 4 einen Horizontalschnitt durch den Überführungsre­volver in der Schnittebene IV-IV der Fig. 1 und 2.
An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawings. It shows:
  • 1 shows the transfer device with a transfer turret in a front view, partially in section,
  • 2 shows a section of the transfer turret in a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale,
  • Fig. 3 shows the device of FIG. 1 in side view, partially in section, and
  • 4 shows a horizontal section through the transfer turret in the section plane IV-IV of FIGS. 1 and 2.

Die gezeigte Vorrichtung ist Teil einer Verpackungsmaschi­ne, insbesondere für (Zigartten-) Packungen 10, 11 des Typs Klappschachtel (Hinge-Lid-Packung). Ein Beispiel für den übrigen Teil der Verpackungsmaschine ist in der DE-OS 24 40 006 dargestellt und beschrieben. Die gezeigte Vor­richtung ist im Anschluß an eine Packungsbahn 12 für den geradlinigen Transport der fertiggestellten Packungen 10, 11 angeordnet. Es geht darum, die Packungen 10, 11 nach Abschluß der Faltvorgänge an einen Trockenrevolver 13 zu übergeben, in dem die Packungen 10, 11 zum Stabilisieren der Form und zum Austrocknen von Leimstellen verweilen. Der Trockenrevolver 13 ist demnach mit einer Vielzahl längs des Umfangs angeordneter Trockentaschen 4 zur Auf­nahme jeweils einer Packung 10, 11 ausgerüstet.The device shown is part of a packaging machine, in particular for (cigar type) packs 10, 11 of the hinged box type (hinge-lid pack). An example of the remaining part of the packaging machine is shown and described in DE-OS 24 40 006. The device shown is arranged after a packing line 12 for the straight transport of the finished packs 10, 11. The aim is to transfer the packs 10, 11 to a drying turret 13 after the folding operations have been completed, in which the packs 10, 11 remain to stabilize the shape and to dry out glue spots. The drying turret 13 is therefore equipped with a plurality of drying pockets 4 arranged along the circumference for receiving a pack 10, 11, respectively.

Bei der gezeigten Vorrichtung geht es darum, zwei gleich­zeitig hergestellte und auf der Packungsbahn 12 nebenein­ander geförderte Packungen 10, 11 entsprechend weiter zu fördern und gleichzeitig an den Trockenrevolver 13 zu übergeben. Dieser ist mit zwei Taschenkränzen 15, 16 aus einer Reihe von dicht nebeneinanderliegenden Trockenta­schen 14 ausgerüstet. Zwei in Radialrichtung nebeneinan­derliegende Trockentaschen 14 werden gleichzeitig mit Packungen 10, 11 beschickt.The device shown is concerned with further conveying two packs 10, 11 produced simultaneously and conveyed alongside one another on the packing path 12 and at the same time to transfer them to the drying turret 13. This is equipped with two pocket wreaths 15, 16 from a series of drying pockets 14 lying close together. Two drying pockets 14 lying side by side in the radial direction are simultaneously loaded with packs 10, 11.

Die Übergabe der beiden Packungen 10, 11 von der Pac­kungsbahn 12 an den Trockenrevolver 13 erfolgt durch einen Überführungsrevolver 17. Dieser ist längs des Umfangs mit mehreren Paaren von nebeneinanderliegenden Taschen 18, 19, 18a, 19a.. versehen. Jeweils zwei Taschen 18, 19.. liegen in einer gemeinsamen Ebene ausgerichtet nebeneinander und bilden eine Tascheneinheit 20, 21, 22, 23, 24. Demnach sind fünf Tascheneinheiten 20..24 mit jeweils zwei Taschen 18, 19; 18a, 18b.. polygonartig in Umfangsrichtung ne­beneinander angeordnet. Der Überführungsrevolver 17 erhält dadurch insgesamt die Gestalt eines regelmäßigen Fünfecks.The transfer of the two packs 10, 11 from the packing web 12 to the drying turret 13 takes place by means of a transfer turret 17. This is provided with several pairs of pockets 18, 19, 18a, 19a. Each two pockets 18, 19 .. lie aligned next to each other and in a common plane form a pocket unit 20, 21, 22, 23, 24. Accordingly, five pocket units 20..24, each with two pockets 18, 19; 18a, 18b .. Polygon-like arranged side by side in the circumferential direction. The transfer turret 17 thereby receives the shape of a regular pentagon overall.

Die Taschen 18, 19; 18a, 18b.. sind so ausgebildet, daß in einer unteren Position im Bereich einer Aufnahmestation 25 die beiden Packungen 10, 11 von der Packungsbahn 12 in Aufwärtsrichtung in die Taschen 18, 19.. bei annähernd radialgerichteter Bewegung eingeführt werden können. Die Übergabe der Packungen 10, 11 von der Packungsbahn 12 an den Überführungsrevolver 17 kann in analoger Weise zu der DE-OS 24 40 006 erfolgen (Fig. 12 und 13 dieser Schrift). Danach - bei geschlossenen Taschen 18, 19.. - wird der Überführungsrevolver 17 um einen einer Tascheneinheit 20, 21.. entsprechenden Winkelbereich weitergeschaltet, bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn. Die Packungen 10, 11 werden so durch den Überführungsre­volver 17 bis in den Bereich einer Übergabestation 26 ge­fördert. Hier erfolgt - bei leicht geöffneten Taschen 18, 19.. - der Ausschub der Packungen 10, 11 in achsparalleler Richtung in die Trockentaschen 14 der beiden Taschenkränze 15 und 16, die während der Übergabe auf die Taschen 18, 19.. ausgerichtet sind. Zur Überführung der Packungen 10, 11 an den Trockenrevolver 13 sind entsprechende hin- und herbewegbare Schieber 27, 28 den Taschen 18, 19.. in der Übergabestation 26 zugeordnet.The pockets 18, 19; 18a, 18b .. are designed such that, in a lower position in the area of a receiving station 25, the two packs 10, 11 can be inserted from the packing track 12 in the upward direction into the pockets 18, 19 .. with approximately radial directional movement. The packs 10, 11 can be transferred from the pack web 12 to the transfer turret 17 in a manner analogous to DE-OS 24 40 006 (FIGS. 12 and 13 of this document). Then - with pockets 18, 19 .. closed - the transfer turret 17 is advanced by an angular range corresponding to a pocket unit 20, 21 .., in the embodiment of FIG. 1 counterclockwise. The packs 10, 11 are thus conveyed through the transfer turret 17 into the area of a transfer station 26. Here, with the pockets 18, 19 slightly open, the packs 10, 11 are ejected in the axially parallel direction into the dry pockets 14 of the two pocket rings 15 and 16, which are aligned with the pockets 18, 19 during the transfer. In order to transfer the packs 10, 11 to the drying turret 13, corresponding reciprocable slides 27, 28 are assigned to the pockets 18, 19 .. in the transfer station 26.

Die Taschen 18, 19; 18a, 19a.. bestehen jeweils aus zwei Taschenwänden, nämlich einer Außenwand 29, 30 sowie einer Innenwand 31, 32. Diese sind so geformt, daß sie die Pac­kungen 10, 11 in geschlossener Stellung halten, anderer­seits aber auch die Einführung in die Taschen 18, 19.. ermöglichen. Zu diesem Zweck sind die in Radialrichtung kürzeren Außenwände 29, 30 an den äußeren Rändern mit ei­nem abgewinkelten Halterand 33 versehen. Die Innenwände 31, 32 weisen ein Verlängerungsstück 34 auf, welches bei offenen Taschen 18, 19 (Fig. 1 und 2 unten) eine trich­terförmige Stellung einnimmt und dadurch das Einführen der Packungen 10, 11 in die Taschen 18, 19 in Radialrichtung erleichtert. Ein Rücksprung 35 bildet einen Anschlag für die Halterung der Packung 10, 11 in der Tasche.The pockets 18, 19; 18a, 19a .. each consist of two pocket walls, namely an outer wall 29, 30 and an inner wall 31, 32. These are shaped in such a way that they hold the packs 10, 11 in the closed position, but on the other hand also the insertion into the pockets 18 , 19 .. enable. For this purpose, the outer walls 29, 30, which are shorter in the radial direction, are provided with an angled holding edge 33 on the outer edges. The inner walls 31, 32 have an extension piece 34 which, when the pockets 18, 19 (FIGS. 1 and 2 below) are open, assumes a funnel-shaped position and thereby facilitates the insertion of the packs 10, 11 into the pockets 18, 19 in the radial direction. A recess 35 forms a stop for holding the pack 10, 11 in the pocket.

Die Außenwände 29, 30 und Innenwände 31, 32 sind an schwenkbaren Betätigungshebeln gelagert. Die Außenwände 29, 30 sind jeweils mit Haupthebeln 36, 37 verbunden. Die Innenwände 31, 32 sitzen an Stützhebeln 38, 39. Die vor­genannten Hebel 36..39 sind als zweiarmige Hebel ausgebil­det. An den freien Enden der Haupthebel befinden sich Tastrollen 40, 41. Diese laufen auf dem Umfang von Kur­venscheiben - bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel von zwei nebeneinander angeordneten und in gleicher Weise ge­stalteten Kurvenscheiben 42, 43 - ab. Die zwei Kurven­scheiben 42, 43 sind deshalb vorgesehen, weil die Tast­rollen 40, 41 aufgrund der Anordnung der Hebel in ver­schiedenen Ebenen versetzt zueinander liegen.The outer walls 29, 30 and inner walls 31, 32 are mounted on pivotable actuating levers. The outer walls 29, 30 are each connected to main levers 36, 37. The inner walls 31, 32 are seated on support levers 38, 39. The aforementioned levers 36..39 are designed as two-armed levers. At the free ends of the main levers there are feeler rollers 40, 41. These run on the circumference of cam disks - in the present exemplary embodiment of two cam disks 42, 43 arranged next to one another and designed in the same way. The two cams 42, 43 are provided because the feeler rollers 40, 41 are offset from one another due to the arrangement of the levers in different planes.

Die Stützhebel 38, 39 werden durch die Haupthebel 36, 37 im schwenkenden Sinne beaufschlagt, und zwar durch Anlage von Stützrollen 44, 45 an Tastrollen 40, 41 zugeordneter Haupthebel 36, 37. Die Relativstellung der Tastrollen 40, 41 zu den Stützrollen 44, 45 ist derart, daß eine Bewegung der Tastrollen 40, 41 in Radialrichtung eine entsprechende Bewegung der Stützrollen 44, 45 und damit ein Verschwenken der Stützhebel 38, 39 zur Folge hat. Eine in diesem Sinne radial nach außen gerichtete Bewegung bewirkt ein Ver­schwenken der Stützhebel 38, 39 im öffnenden Sinne der Innenwände 31, 32.The support levers 38, 39 are acted upon by the main levers 36, 37 in the pivoting sense, namely by the support of support rollers 44, 45 on the main levers 36, 37 assigned to feeler rollers 40, 41. The relative position of the feeler rollers 40, 41 to the support rollers 44, 45 is such that a movement of the feeler rollers 40, 41 in the radial direction results in a corresponding movement of the support rollers 44, 45 and thus a pivoting of the support levers 38, 39. A movement directed radially outwards in this sense causes the support levers 38, 39 to pivot in the opening sense of the inner walls 31, 32.

Die Kurvenscheiben 42, 43 sind mit Erhöhungen 46, 47 im Bereich der Aufnahmestation 25 und mit weiteren Erhöhungen 48, 49 im Bereich der Übergabestation 26 versehen. Letz­tere haben eine geringere radiale Abmessung als die Erhö­ hungen 46, 47, so daß im Bereich der Übergabestation nur eine geringe Öffnungsbewegung stattfindet, die ausreichend ist, um eine zwängungsfreie Verschiebung der Packungen 10, 11 in achsparalleler Richtung zu ermöglichen. Die Kurven­scheiben 42, 43 werden zur Durchführung einer Öffnungs- und Schließbewegung der Taschen 18, 19; 18a, 19a.. in Umfangsrichtung hin- und hergehend bewegt, und zwar längs eines Drehwinkels 50 von 20°. Die Relativstellung der Kurvenscheiben 42, 43 mit den Erhöhungen 46..49 zu den Haupthebeln 36, 37 und deren Tastrollen 40, 41 ist so gewählt, daß lediglich die Haupthebel 36, 37 der Taschen 18, 19 im Bereich der Aufnahmestation 25 und der Taschen 18c, 19c im Bereich der Übergabestation beaufschlagt sind. Die entsprechende Drehbewegung der Kurvenscheiben 42, 43 erfolgt bei Stillstand des Überführungsrevolvers 17 im übrigen, so daß die Erhöhungen 46..49 an den Tastrollen 40, 41 unter Durchführung eines radial gerichteten Hubes an diesen vorbeibewegt werden.The cams 42, 43 are provided with ridges 46, 47 in the region of the receiving station 25 and with further ridges 48, 49 in the region of the transfer station 26. The latter have a smaller radial dimension than the ridges hungen 46, 47, so that only a slight opening movement takes place in the area of the transfer station, which is sufficient to enable a constraint-free displacement of the packs 10, 11 in the axis-parallel direction. The cams 42, 43 are used to perform an opening and closing movement of the pockets 18, 19; 18a, 19a .. moved back and forth in the circumferential direction, namely along an angle of rotation 50 of 20 °. The relative position of the cams 42, 43 with the elevations 46..49 to the main levers 36, 37 and their feeler rollers 40, 41 is selected so that only the main levers 36, 37 of the pockets 18, 19 in the region of the receiving station 25 and the pockets 18c, 19c are acted upon in the area of the transfer station. The corresponding rotary movement of the cams 42, 43 takes place when the transfer turret 17 is at a standstill, so that the elevations 46..49 on the feeler rollers 40, 41 are moved past them by performing a radially directed stroke.

Die Hebel 36..39 sind auf radial außenliegenden Drehachsen 51, 52 gelagert. Die Anordnung ist so getroffen, daß auf einer gemeinsamen Drehachse 51 sowohl ein Haupthebel 37 als auch ein Stützhebel 38 zweier unterschiedlicher, be­nachbarter Taschen (z.B. der Taschen 18 und 19d) gelagert sind. Gleichermaßen sind auf der benachbarten Drehachse 52 der Haupthebel 36 und ein Stützhebel 39 gelagert, beide Hebel unterschiedlichen, "übereck" benachbarten Taschen zugeordnet. Durch diese Drehlagerung der Hebel 36..39 ist die beschriebene Betätigung durch die beiden Erhöhungen 46, 47 bzw. 48, 49 möglich.The levers 36..39 are mounted on radially outer axes of rotation 51, 52. The arrangement is such that both a main lever 37 and a support lever 38 of two different, adjacent pockets (e.g. pockets 18 and 19d) are mounted on a common axis of rotation 51. Similarly, the main lever 36 and a support lever 39 are mounted on the adjacent axis of rotation 52, both levers assigned to different, "corner" adjacent pockets. Through this rotary mounting of the levers 36..39, the described actuation by the two elevations 46, 47 and 48, 49 is possible.

Die Hebel 36..39 kehren selbstätig in die Ausgangsstellung zurück durch Stützfedern 53, die bei dem gezeigten Ausfüh­rungsbeispiel zwischen den benachbarten Innenwänden 31, 32 der zu einer Tascheneinheit 20, 21.. gehörenden Taschen 18, 19.. angeordnet sind. Die Stützfedern 53 werden beim Öffnen der Taschen im Sinne des Zusammendrückens beauf­ schlagt.The levers 36..39 automatically return to the starting position by means of support springs 53 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, are arranged between the adjacent inner walls 31, 32 of the pockets 18, 19 .. belonging to a pocket unit 20, 21 .. The support springs 53 are actuated when the pockets are opened in the sense of being compressed strikes.

Die Drehachsen 51, 52 und die Hebel 36..39 sind zwischen zwei im Abstand voneinander angeordneten, plattenförmigen Revolverscheiben 54, 55 gelagert. Diese sind durch die Drehachsen 51, 52 miteinander verbunden, wobei die Dreh­achsen 51, 52 mit endseitigen Drehlagern in den Revolver­scheiben 54, 55 Aufnahme finden.The axes of rotation 51, 52 and the levers 36..39 are mounted between two plate-shaped turret disks 54, 55 arranged at a distance from one another. These are connected to one another by the axes of rotation 51, 52, the axes of rotation 51, 52 being accommodated in the turret discs 54, 55 with rotary bearings at the ends.

Die Revolverscheiben 54, 55 sind entsprechend der Gestal­tung des Überführungsrevolvers 17 als regelmäßiges Fünfeck ausgebildet. Jeweils im Bereich von geradlinigen Scheiben­rändern 56 befinden sich zwei Taschen 18, 19.. einer Ta­scheneinheit 20, 21.. Die Revolverscheiben 54, 55 sind in diesem Bereich durch einen plattenförmigen Taschenboden 57 miteinander verbunden. An diesem liegen die Packungen 10, 11 an. In Axialrichtung sind die Taschen 18, 19.. an den Seiten offen.The turret disks 54, 55 are designed as regular pentagons in accordance with the design of the transfer turret 17. There are two pockets 18, 19 .. a pocket unit 20, 21 .. in each case in the area of rectilinear disk edges 56. The turret disks 54, 55 are connected to one another in this area by a plate-shaped pocket bottom 57. The packs 10, 11 rest against this. The pockets 18, 19 .. are open on the sides in the axial direction.

Zur optimalen Unterbringung der Hebel 36..39 mit den zuge­ordneten Teilen zwischen den Revolverscheiben 54, 55 sind die Hebel 36..39 in mehreren, im vorliegenden Falle in zwei in Axialrichtung zueinander versetzten Ebenen auf den Drehachsen 51, 52 gelagert. Die jeweils einer Tasche 18, 19.. zugeordneten Haupthebel 36 bzw. 37 einerseits und Stützhebel 38 bzw. 39 andererseits liegen in einer gemein­samen Ebene. Bei der Darstellung gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 liegen der Haupthebel 36 und der Stützhebel 38 der Tasche 18 in einer vorderen Ebene der Zeichnung. Demgegenüber sind der der Tasche 19 zugeordnete Haupthebel 37 und der zur selben Tasche 19 zugehörende Stützhebel 39 in einer zurückgesetz­ten, rückwärtigen Ebene des Überführungsrevolvers 17. Die mit den Hebeln 36..39 verbundenen Taschenwände, nämlich Außenwände 29, 30 und Innenwände 31, 32, sind jeweils mittig auf die Taschen 18, 19.. ausgerichtet. Die Hebel 36..39 sind, soweit aufgrund der Ebene der Lagerung vorge­geben, außermittig, also versetzt, mit den Taschenwänden 29..32 verbunden (Fig. 3 und 4).To optimally accommodate the levers 36..39 with the assigned parts between the turret disks 54, 55, the levers 36..39 are mounted on the axes of rotation 51, 52 in a number of planes, in the present case in two planes offset in the axial direction. The main levers 36 and 37 on the one hand and support levers 38 and 39 on the other hand, each associated with a pocket 18, 19 .. are in a common plane. 1 and 2, the main lever 36 and the support lever 38 of the pocket 18 lie in a front plane of the drawing. In contrast, the main lever 37 assigned to the pocket 19 and the support lever 39 belonging to the same pocket 19 are in a recessed, rear plane of the transfer turret 17. The pocket walls connected to the levers 36..39, namely outer walls 29, 30 and inner walls 31, 32, are each centered on the pockets 18, 19 .. The levers 36..39 are eccentric, that is, offset, with the pocket walls, insofar as they are specified based on the level of the bearing 29..32 connected (Fig. 3 and 4).

Claims (8)

1. Vorrichtung zum Transport von blockförmigen (Zigaretten-) Packungen, insbesondere zur Übergabe derselben von einer För­derbahn an einen (Trocken-)Revolver, mit einem Überführungsre­volver, der eine Anzahl von radial außen und seitlich offenen Taschen zur Aufnahme der Packungen aufweist, wobei die Taschen quer bewegbare, insbesondere schwenkbare Taschenwände aufwei­sen, die zur Aufnahme und Abgabe von Packungen auseinanderbe­wegbar sind durch Abstützen von Schwenkhebeln der Taschenwände auf eine hin- und herbewegbaren Kurvenscheibe,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum gleich­zeitigen Aufnehmen, Fördern und Übergeben von zwei Packungen (10, 11) der Überführungsrevolver (17) zwei in einer Ebene ne­ beneinanderliegende Taschen (18, 19; 18a, 19a;..) einer Tascheneinheit (20, 21..) aufweist, wobei Taschenwände (29..32) der Taschen durch Paare von Schwenkhebeln (Haupt­hebel 36, 37; Stützhebel 38, 39) gleichzeitig in Öffnungs- oder Schließstellung bewegbar sind.1. Device for transporting block-shaped (cigarette) packs, in particular for transferring them from a conveyor track to a (dry) turret, with a transfer turret which has a number of radially outer and laterally open pockets for receiving the packs, the Bags have transversely movable, in particular pivotable, pocket walls which can be moved apart for receiving and dispensing packs by supporting pivoting levers of the pocket walls on a reciprocating cam,
characterized in that for simultaneously receiving, conveying and transferring two packs (10, 11) of the transfer turret (17) two in one plane ne one or more pockets (18, 19; 18a, 19a; ..) of a pocket unit (20, 21 ..), the pocket walls (29..32) of the pockets being formed by pairs of pivot levers (main levers 36, 37; support levers 38, 39) are simultaneously movable in the open or closed position. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Tasche (18, 19..) ein Haupthebel (36, 37) zur Betätigung einer (Außen-) Wand (29, 30) und ein Stützhebel (38, 39) zur Betätigung einer anderen (Innen-) Wand (31, 32) zugeordnet ist, wobei Haupthebel (36, 37) und Stütz­hebel (38, 39) in unterschiedlichen, in Axialrichtung zu­einander versetzten Ebenen angeordnet sind.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that each pocket (18, 19 ..) a main lever (36, 37) for actuating an (outer) wall (29, 30) and a support lever (38, 39) for actuation is assigned to another (inner) wall (31, 32), the main lever (36, 37) and support lever (38, 39) being arranged in different planes offset from one another in the axial direction. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Haupthebel (36, 37) und Stützhebel (38, 39) der­selben Taschen (18, 19..) in einer gemeinsamen Ebene an­geordnet sind.3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the main lever (36, 37) and support lever (38, 39) of the same pockets (18, 19 ..) are arranged in a common plane. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Haupthebel (36, 37) und Stützhebel (38, 39) benachbarter Taschen (18, 19..) in versetzten Ebenen angeordnet sind.4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the main lever (36, 37) and support lever (38, 39) of adjacent pockets (18, 19 ..) are arranged in offset planes. 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 sowie einem oder mehreren der weiteren Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß je­weils ein Haupthebel (36, 37) und ein Stützhebel (38, 39) einer benachbarten Tasche (18, 19..) einer anderen Ta­scheneinheit (20, 21..) auf einer gemeinsamen Drehachse (51, 52) gelagert sind.5. The device according to claim 2 and one or more of the further claims, characterized in that in each case a main lever (36, 37) and a support lever (38, 39) of an adjacent pocket (18, 19 ..) of another pocket unit (20, 21 ..) are mounted on a common axis of rotation (51, 52). 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 sowie einem oder mehreren der weiteren Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Haupthebel (36, 37) und Stützhebel (38, 39) mit den Drehachsen (51, 52) zwischen zwei Revolverscheiben (54, 55) angeordnet sind, die durch die Drehachsen (51, 52) miteinander verbunden sind.6. The device according to claim 1 and one or more of the further claims, characterized in that the main lever (36, 37) and support lever (38, 39) with the axes of rotation (51, 52) between two turret discs (54, 55) are arranged which are interconnected by the axes of rotation (51, 52). 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 sowie einem oder mehreren der weiteren Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am äu­ßeren Scheibenrand (56) der Revolverscheibe (54, 55) je­weils ein die Revolverscheiben (54, 55) miteinander ver­bindender Taschenboden (57) im Bereich jeder Tasche (18, 19..) angeordnet ist.7. The device according to claim 6 and one or more of the further claims, characterized in that on the outer disc edge (56) of the turret disc (54, 55) each have the turret discs (54, 55) interconnecting pocket bottom (57) in the region of each pocket (18, 19 ..) is arranged. 8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 sowie einem oder mehreren der weiteren Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwi­schen den beiden Revolverscheiben (54, 55) zwei überein­stimmend ausgebildete, im Abstand voneinander angeordnete und gemeinsam drehbare Kurvenscheiben (42, 43) angeordnet sind.8. The device according to claim 6 and one or more of the further claims, characterized in that between the two turret discs (54, 55) two correspondingly designed, spaced-apart and jointly rotatable cams (42, 43) are arranged.
EP88118303A 1987-11-21 1988-11-03 Device for transporting cigarette packages in combination with a packaging machine Expired - Lifetime EP0317805B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3739551 1987-11-21
DE19873739551 DE3739551A1 (en) 1987-11-21 1987-11-21 DEVICE FOR TRANSPORTING CIGARETTE PACKS IN CONNECTION WITH A PACKING MACHINE

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EP0317805A1 true EP0317805A1 (en) 1989-05-31
EP0317805B1 EP0317805B1 (en) 1992-09-30

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EP (1) EP0317805B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2557095B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8806061A (en)
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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3941601A1 (en) * 1989-12-16 1991-06-20 Schmermund Maschf Alfred CIGARETTE PACKING MACHINE
EP0605838A1 (en) * 1993-01-08 1994-07-13 Focke &amp; Co. (GmbH &amp; Co.) Device for manufacturing cigarette packs
EP0731023A2 (en) * 1993-01-08 1996-09-11 Focke &amp; Co. (GmbH &amp; Co.) Device for manufacturing cigarette packs
EP0731023A3 (en) * 1993-01-08 1997-02-12 Focke & Co Device for manufacturing cigarette packs
US5727360A (en) * 1993-01-08 1998-03-17 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co.) Apparatus for producing cigarette packs
US5758468A (en) * 1995-08-30 1998-06-02 Focke & Co. Apparatus for conveying packs
EP0761539A1 (en) * 1995-08-30 1997-03-12 Focke &amp; Co. (GmbH &amp; Co.) Machine for transferring packages
EP0776831A1 (en) * 1995-11-28 1997-06-04 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Packet conveying assembly
EP0787650A1 (en) * 1996-01-31 1997-08-06 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Product conveying wheel
US5765677A (en) * 1996-01-31 1998-06-16 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Product conveying wheel
EP1780127A1 (en) * 2005-10-28 2007-05-02 G.D Societ Per Azioni Packing wheel
EP2993140A1 (en) 2014-09-08 2016-03-09 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co. KG) Method and device for form stabilization of packages
DE102014012968A1 (en) 2014-09-08 2016-03-10 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co. Kg) Method and device for shape stabilization of packages
EP4090597B1 (en) * 2020-01-15 2024-03-06 Philip Morris Products S.A. Method for transporting pairs of packs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1331029C (en) 1994-07-26
DE3739551A1 (en) 1989-06-01
JPH01294408A (en) 1989-11-28
DE3875077D1 (en) 1992-11-05
US4936440A (en) 1990-06-26
JP2557095B2 (en) 1996-11-27
EP0317805B1 (en) 1992-09-30
BR8806061A (en) 1989-08-08

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