EP0304441A1 - Filtre en ligne syntonisable par bande large pour fibres optiques - Google Patents

Filtre en ligne syntonisable par bande large pour fibres optiques

Info

Publication number
EP0304441A1
EP0304441A1 EP88901382A EP88901382A EP0304441A1 EP 0304441 A1 EP0304441 A1 EP 0304441A1 EP 88901382 A EP88901382 A EP 88901382A EP 88901382 A EP88901382 A EP 88901382A EP 0304441 A1 EP0304441 A1 EP 0304441A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grating
fiber
filter
region
ridges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88901382A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0304441A4 (en
Inventor
Wayne Victor Sorin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HP Inc
Original Assignee
Hewlett Packard Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hewlett Packard Co filed Critical Hewlett Packard Co
Publication of EP0304441A1 publication Critical patent/EP0304441A1/fr
Publication of EP0304441A4 publication Critical patent/EP0304441A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29316—Light guides comprising a diffractive element, e.g. grating in or on the light guide such that diffracted light is confined in the light guide
    • G02B6/29317—Light guides of the optical fibre type
    • G02B6/29322—Diffractive elements of the tunable type

Definitions

  • tuning is achieved by tilting the bulk optic grating, thereby changing the wavelength back towards the fiber.
  • Rotating the grating changes its effective spatial periodicity in the direction of the incident light.
  • the spatial periodicity determines the frequency band which is superimposed constructively back along the vector of incidence.
  • the tuning range of disclosed in-line fiber optic filters has been limited to less than twice the reflection band of the filter of interest.
  • a tuning range at least an order of magnitude greater than the reflection bandwidth is desired.
  • the quest for a broadband tunable in-line fiber optic filter faces two major challenges. The first is the determination o.f a structure that can provide the desired tuning function. The second is determining a method of manufacturing a device with the required structure, given the dimensions and precision required in fiber optical systems. Both these challenges are met as described below.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic perspective view of a filter for a fiber optic system in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a schematic perspective view of a subassembly of the filter of FIG. 1.
  • FIGURE 6 is a graph depicting reflected wavelength as a function of grating position for the filter of FIG. 1.
  • the preferred fiber 11 is a single-mode fiber. Such a fiber provides for precise control of transmitted light since the single propagated mode can be operated on with negligible side-effects due to other propagation modes.
  • the degree of parallelism is about 400,000 times greater than indicated in, FIG. 4.
  • the geometry of the grating provides for highly parallel ridge segments in the half- power interaction region, while permitting sufficient divergence for broadband tuning, as detailed below after the following description of the method used to manufacture the illustrated grating 15.
  • the redirected component beams 45 are focussed at their respective pin-holes 51 by respective lenses 49.
  • the pin-holes 51 which in the illustrated apparatus are about 2.5 ⁇ m in diameter, serve as coherent point sources of spherically diverging wavefronts.
  • the wavefronts thus created interfere to produce an interference pattern which is sharply defined at the 5 point of virtual convergence 47.
  • the coated substrate is positioned about the point of convergence 47.
  • the substrate is exposed to a wavefront generated by spherically diverging beams and is tilted about 30° with respect to the wavefront interference plane.
  • the block and fiber assembly can be fabricated as provided by Bergh et al., cited above. For completeness, the process is outlined herein. Since, Bergh et al. use two such assemblies to constitute a directional optical coupler, the block and fiber 11 can be referred to collectively as a "coupler half".
  • the coupler half includes the block 13 and the side-polished fiber 11.
  • the groove 29 is cut or etched into the flat top surface 59 of the block 13 between two end surfaces 61 such that the depth of the groove 29 with respect to the top surface 59 is greater near the two end surfaces 61 that it is midway between the two end surfaces 61.
  • the depth of the groove 29 varies gradually such that the groove 29 is arcuate between the two end surfaces 61 as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the fiber 11 is placed within the groove 29 with the axis of the optical fiber 11 extending between the two end surfaces 61.
  • the depth profile of the groove 29 is selected to be greater at the end surfaces 61 than the diameter of the outer cladding 27 of the optical fiber 11.
  • the depth of the groove 29 midway between its ends is selected so that it is approximately equal to the diameter of the outer cladding 27 so that the fiber 11 extends about to the surface of the block 13 at its midpoint.
  • the performance of the illustrated filter 10 was evaluated by characterizing the spectral distribution of the reflected frequencies. Reflected wavelength is shown as a function of grating position in FIG. 6. The dots indicated the empirical results of measuring reflected wavelengths at different grating positions.
  • the diagonal line represents a least squares fit, as is known in the art. The proximity of the empirical points to the least squares line indicates a high degree of tuning linearity. Apparently, the hyperbolic nature of the holographic interference pattern does " not detract severely from the linearity of the filter.
  • the slope of the diagonal line is 96.8 A/mm, which corresponds to the 3.4 microradian divergence of the ridges 19.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

Un filtre à fibre incorporée syntonisable par bande large (10) comprend un réseau (15) ayant des stries divergentes (19) auxquelles on peut imprimer un mouvement de translation dans le sens transversal par rapport à une fibre optique à polissage latéral (11) afin de faire varier la périodicité au niveau d'un champ évanescent exposé. La divergence est progressive, de sorte que, à n'importe quelle position transversale donnée du réseau (15) les stries (19) qui entrent en interaction avec un champ évanescent sont effectivement parallèles. La divergence est suffisamment grande pour produire un rapport de syntonisation/largeur de bande réfléchie d'environ 33/1. Le réseau est fabriqué sous la forme d'un film de silicone amorphe sur un substrat de quartz fondu. Le film est enduit d'une photoréserve exposée à un front d'interférences holographiques. On incline le substrat par rapport à un front d'interférence créé par deux faisceaux sphériquement divergents afin d'obtenir la divergence désirée. Les opérations de traitement ultérieures, telle que la gravure, sont standards.
EP19880901382 1987-01-20 1988-01-20 Broadband tunable in-line filter for fiber optics Withdrawn EP0304441A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US499787A 1987-01-20 1987-01-20
US4997 1987-01-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0304441A1 true EP0304441A1 (fr) 1989-03-01
EP0304441A4 EP0304441A4 (en) 1990-09-26

Family

ID=21713596

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880901382 Withdrawn EP0304441A4 (en) 1987-01-20 1988-01-20 Broadband tunable in-line filter for fiber optics

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0304441A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPH01501900A (fr)
WO (1) WO1988005550A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2537918A1 (fr) 2011-06-20 2012-12-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Produits de consommation avec particules enrobées comprenant une lipase

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8655123B2 (en) 2011-03-11 2014-02-18 University of Maribor In-line optical fiber devices, optical systems, and methods

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185238A (en) * 1960-10-03 1965-05-25 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Pneumatic loadlifting and translating means
US3246712A (en) * 1963-09-13 1966-04-19 Gen Motors Corp Anti-drift air cushion load supporting device
NL7111227A (fr) * 1971-08-14 1973-02-16
US4102560A (en) * 1976-04-08 1978-07-25 Rca Corporation Optical coupler
US4111524A (en) * 1977-04-14 1978-09-05 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Wavelength division multiplexer
US4268116A (en) * 1979-10-26 1981-05-19 Optelecom Incorporated Method and apparatus for radiant energy modulation in optical fibers
JPS60156020A (ja) * 1984-01-25 1985-08-16 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd 光分波素子
GB2161609B (en) * 1984-07-11 1987-10-07 Stc Plc Optical fibres

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ELECTRONICS LETTERS, vol. 22, no. 24, 20th November 1986, pages 1307-1308, Hitchin, Herts, GB; M.S. WHALEN et al.: "Wavelength-tunable single-mode fibre grating reflector" *
ELECTRONICS LETTERS, vol. 23, no. 8, 9th April 1987, pages 390-391, Stevenage, Herts, GB; W.V. SORIN et al.: "Tunable single-mode output of a multimode laser in a tunable fibre grating external cavity" *
See also references of WO8805550A1 *
SUMMARIES OF PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION/INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATED OPTICS AND OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION CONFERENCE, Reno, Nevada, 19th - 22nd January 1987, page 194; W.V. SORIN et al.: "THB4 tunable single-mode fiber reflective grating filter" *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2537918A1 (fr) 2011-06-20 2012-12-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Produits de consommation avec particules enrobées comprenant une lipase
WO2013003025A1 (fr) 2011-06-20 2013-01-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Produits de consommation à base de lipase comprenant des particules enrobées

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1988005550A1 (fr) 1988-07-28
JPH01501900A (ja) 1989-06-29
EP0304441A4 (en) 1990-09-26

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