EP0304167A2 - Production de sections métalliques renforcées par des fibres - Google Patents

Production de sections métalliques renforcées par des fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0304167A2
EP0304167A2 EP88306655A EP88306655A EP0304167A2 EP 0304167 A2 EP0304167 A2 EP 0304167A2 EP 88306655 A EP88306655 A EP 88306655A EP 88306655 A EP88306655 A EP 88306655A EP 0304167 A2 EP0304167 A2 EP 0304167A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
fibres
molten metal
die
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88306655A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0304167A3 (fr
Inventor
Andrew Winsloe Clifford
William Joseph Cook
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CRAY ADVANCED MATERIALS Ltd
Original Assignee
CRAY ADVANCED MATERIALS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CRAY ADVANCED MATERIALS Ltd filed Critical CRAY ADVANCED MATERIALS Ltd
Publication of EP0304167A2 publication Critical patent/EP0304167A2/fr
Publication of EP0304167A3 publication Critical patent/EP0304167A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
    • C22C47/062—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element from wires or filaments only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of fibre reinforced metal sections.
  • it relates to a process and apparatus for continuous production of fibre reinforced metal sections.
  • GB-A-2168032 there is described a process for making reinforced rings by stacking modules in a die which are formed by co-winding of a filamentary reinforcement and of a metal strip, with interspersed foils of a matrix material, such as aluminium, titanium, magnesium or copper. This assembly can then be consolidated by application of heat and pressure.
  • Impregnation of a porous body with a filler metal is described in US-A-3867177.
  • the body is first contacted with an activator and then immersed in the filler metal.
  • US-A-3913657 describes a method for preparing a composite structure which comprises melting a metal in a first chamber, pressurising the chamber, lowering a second evacuated chamber containing a filamentary material into the molten metal, and then piercing the second chamber to allow molten metal to flow under the pressure differential from the first chamber into the second and to infiltrate the filamentary material.
  • the present invention seeks to extend the availability of fibre reinforced metal articles by providing a novel method for continuous casting of fibre reinforced metal sections and a novel apparatus for carrying out the method .
  • a process for continuous casting of a fibre reinforced metal section which comprises: providing a die chamber having (i) an exit orifice, through which a cast section can exit the die chamber in an exit direction, and (ii) at least one fibre inlet orifice opposite the exit orifice through which fibres can be fed into and through the die chamber in the exit direction; passing fibres at a controlled speed into and through the die chamber; providing a pressurisable second chamber containing a charge of molten metal and in flow connection with the die chamber whereby molten metal can pass into the die chamber upon pressurisation of the second chamber; applying a controlled pressure to the contents of the second chamber so as to cause molten metal to enter the die chamber and infiltrate the fibres therein; controlling the temperature of the charge of molten metal in the second chamber to a selected value higher than the melting point of the charge of molten metal and sufficient to avoid premature solidification of the molten metal prior to infiltration of the fibres; withdrawing consolidated cast fibre reinforced metal
  • the invention further provides apparatus for continuous casting of a fibre reinforced metal section comprising: a die chamber having (i) an exit orifice through which a consolidated cast section can be withdrawn in an exit direction, and (ii) at least one fibre inlet orifice opposite the exit orifice through which fibres can be passed into and through the die chamber in the exit direction; a pressurisable second chamber for containing a charge of molten metal, said second chamber having an inlet port for connection to a source of a pressurised gas and having a flow connection to the die chamber so that, upon applying a gas pressure to the contents of the second chamber via the inlet port, molten metal can be forced into the die chamber; heating means for heating the charge of metal in the second chamber to a predetermined temperature higher than the melting point of the charge; means for passing fibres into and through the die chamber via said at least one fibre inlet orifice; and withdrawal means for withdrawing consolidated fibre reinforced metal section in the exit direction from the exit orifice.
  • the fibres may be used in the form of individual filaments, in the form of tows or bundles, or in woven form (e.g. in tubular woven form), or in any other form suitable for metal reinforcement.
  • the fibres when used in the form of tows or bundles, the fibres may for ease of handling be coated with a size or bonded together with the aid of a binder.
  • Typical binders include fugitive binders, such as an acrylic resin.
  • the fibres may be as thin as about 3 ⁇ m in diameter or less or as large as 200 ⁇ m or more.
  • suitable fibres include steel wire, and ceramic fibres (e.g. alumina fibres, carbon fibres and silicon carbide fibres). Any of the types of fibre which are suitable for use in production of fibre reinforced metal composites, and preforms made therefrom, can be used. Unlike other systems available, no coating of the fibres is required to facilitate infiltration. Indeed it is preferred that all sizes and binders should be burnt off to present clean, uncontaminated fibres to the molten metal in the die chamber.
  • the metal can be any metal suitable for forming the matrix metal of a fibre reinforced metal composite.
  • Typical metals include aluminium, copper, magnesium, zinc and lead, as well as alloys of each of these metals.
  • the fibres typically constitute from about 20% to about 50% by volume of the consolidated cast fibre reinforced metal section, corresponding to a metal:fibre volume ratio of from about 4:1 to about 1:1.
  • metal:fibre volume ratios outside this range may be used so that the volume percentage of fibres in the fibre reinforced metal section is less than about 20% or is higher than 50%.
  • one or more bundles of fibres 1 in the form of tows are drawn off creels 2 and are passed through a guide 3 into a heating chamber 4 in which organic binder is burnt off. They then pass into an extrance die or ingate 5 which is provided with a number of small orifices, each a little larger than the diameter of the fibre tow, which are positioned so that the fibre tow or tows will be appropriately aligned in the consolidated cast metal section. Typically the clearance between the tow and the walls of the orifice is about 25 ⁇ m.
  • the fibres pass from ingate 5 through a die chamber 6 and out through an exit die 7 which is formed with an exit orifice corresponding to the cross-section of the desired reinforced cast section.
  • a pressure vessel 11 Positioned below die chamber 6 is a pressure vessel 11 which has an insulated lining 12 within which is a crucible 13. Crucible 13 and its contents can be heated by means of an electrical heating element 14.
  • An inlet port 15 can be connected to a source of compressed inert gas (not shown), e.g. a cylinder of argon.
  • Crucible 13 in use, holds a charge 16 of molten metal, e.g. aluminium or an aluminium alloy.
  • a venturi tube 17 connects die chamber 6 and the bottom of crucible 13.
  • Electrical heating elements 18, 19 can be used to heat venturi tube 17 and prevent freezing of the molten metal as it passes from crucible 13 into die chamber 6.
  • Die chamber 6 is lagged, as are ingate 5 and exit die 7.
  • Thermocouples (not shown) are provided for monitoring and controlling the temperature of the various critical parts of the apparatus.
  • Further electrical heating elements (not shown) are provided to maintain ingate 5, die chamber 6, and exit die 7 each at the respective desired temperature.
  • a fibre reinforced metal section crucible 13 is charged with metal and heated to melt the metal to a predetermined temperature above the melting point of the metal charge. Then, while feeding fibres at an appropriate speed through die chamber 6, pressure is applied via inlet port 15 to cause molten metal to pass up venturi tube 17 into die chamber 6. By controlling the gas pressure, the temperature of the die chamber 6, of the ingate 5 and of the exit die 7, the temperature of the molten metal, the rate of feed of the fibres, and the cooling effect of cooling chamber 8, consolidated cast fibre reinforced metal section is produced.
  • the illustrated process and apparatus are suitable for continuous casting of sheet, strip, tube, bar or shaped section, using an appropriate exit die 7.
  • another type of preform may be used in place of a tow or tows.
  • a woven tubular preform may be used when casting a tubular section.
  • the minimum infiltration pressure applied via inlet port 15 that is necessary to achieve infiltration is desirably used. This varies according to fibre type and metal:fibre volume ratio but is typically in the range 11.35 bar (150 psig) to 104.35 bar (1500 psig). However those experienced in the art will appreciate that the use of pressures lower than 11.35 bar (150 psig) may be feasible for some compatible metal/fibre systems.
  • the molten metal in crucible 13 is also held at the minimum temperature necessary to maintain sufficient superheat to avoid premature solidification in die chamber 6. For aluminium and aluminium alloys this is typically in the range of from about 600°C to about 750°C, depending upon the composition of the metal of the charge 16.
  • the die temperatures are desirably maintained at values such that a thermal gradient exists across the entrance and exit areas to the die chamber 6.
  • Typical operating temperatures are from about 500°C to about 750°C at the ingate 5 and from about 400°C to about 550°C at the exit die 7.
  • Fibre feed rate is dependent upon the precise operating conditions used and upon the fibre type and the section being produced. Generally speaking the rate of draw off of cast fibre reinforced metal section is in the range of from about 1 mm/sec to about 500 mm/sec.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
EP88306655A 1987-07-20 1988-07-20 Production de sections métalliques renforcées par des fibres Withdrawn EP0304167A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB878717067A GB8717067D0 (en) 1987-07-20 1987-07-20 Fibre reinforced metal sections
GB8717067 1987-07-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0304167A2 true EP0304167A2 (fr) 1989-02-22
EP0304167A3 EP0304167A3 (fr) 1989-05-31

Family

ID=10620953

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88306655A Withdrawn EP0304167A3 (fr) 1987-07-20 1988-07-20 Production de sections métalliques renforcées par des fibres

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0304167A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6448658A (fr)
GB (1) GB8717067D0 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0436807A1 (fr) * 1989-12-14 1991-07-17 Austria Metall Aktiengesellschaft Filière d'imprégnation pour la fabrication de produits composites à matrice métallique
GB2241454A (en) * 1990-02-28 1991-09-04 Outokumpu Oy Method and apparatus for producing a metal matrix composite
WO1994023076A1 (fr) * 1993-04-05 1994-10-13 Union Miniere France S.A. Composite metallique et procede pour sa fabrication
US5736199A (en) * 1996-12-05 1998-04-07 Northeastern University Gating system for continuous pressure infiltration processes
CN102071381A (zh) * 2011-01-14 2011-05-25 南京信息工程大学 一种耐热灰口铸铁材料及制备方法
CN102071376A (zh) * 2011-01-14 2011-05-25 南京信息工程大学 一种耐热蠕墨铸铁材料及制备方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102051558B (zh) * 2011-01-14 2012-07-04 南京信息工程大学 一种耐磨阻尼麻口铁材料及其制备方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3095642A (en) * 1957-11-26 1963-07-02 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Metal and fiber composite materials and methods of producing
US3547180A (en) * 1968-08-26 1970-12-15 Aluminum Co Of America Production of reinforced composites
DE2236640A1 (de) * 1972-06-30 1974-01-10 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Stranggusskoerper mit verstaerkungsstruktur
JPS6029433A (ja) * 1983-07-29 1985-02-14 Toray Ind Inc 繊維強化金属複合材料の製造方法
JPS6188944A (ja) * 1984-10-05 1986-05-07 Toray Ind Inc 繊維強化金属複合材料の製造方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3095642A (en) * 1957-11-26 1963-07-02 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Metal and fiber composite materials and methods of producing
US3547180A (en) * 1968-08-26 1970-12-15 Aluminum Co Of America Production of reinforced composites
DE2236640A1 (de) * 1972-06-30 1974-01-10 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Stranggusskoerper mit verstaerkungsstruktur
JPS6029433A (ja) * 1983-07-29 1985-02-14 Toray Ind Inc 繊維強化金属複合材料の製造方法
JPS6188944A (ja) * 1984-10-05 1986-05-07 Toray Ind Inc 繊維強化金属複合材料の製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 10, no. 265 (M-515)[2321], 10th September 1986; & JP-A-61 088 944 (TORAY IND., INC.) 07-05-1986 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 9, no. 145 (C-287)[1868], 20Th June 1985; & JP-A-60 029 433 (TORAY K.K.) 14-02-1985 *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0436807A1 (fr) * 1989-12-14 1991-07-17 Austria Metall Aktiengesellschaft Filière d'imprégnation pour la fabrication de produits composites à matrice métallique
GB2241454A (en) * 1990-02-28 1991-09-04 Outokumpu Oy Method and apparatus for producing a metal matrix composite
WO1994023076A1 (fr) * 1993-04-05 1994-10-13 Union Miniere France S.A. Composite metallique et procede pour sa fabrication
FR2703694A1 (fr) * 1993-04-05 1994-10-14 France Sa Union Miniere Composite métallique et procédé pour sa fabrication.
US5736199A (en) * 1996-12-05 1998-04-07 Northeastern University Gating system for continuous pressure infiltration processes
US6035925A (en) * 1996-12-05 2000-03-14 Northeastern University Gating system for continuous pressure infiltration processes
CN102071381A (zh) * 2011-01-14 2011-05-25 南京信息工程大学 一种耐热灰口铸铁材料及制备方法
CN102071376A (zh) * 2011-01-14 2011-05-25 南京信息工程大学 一种耐热蠕墨铸铁材料及制备方法
CN102071381B (zh) * 2011-01-14 2012-08-22 南京信息工程大学 一种耐热灰口铸铁材料及制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6448658A (en) 1989-02-23
EP0304167A3 (fr) 1989-05-31
GB8717067D0 (en) 1987-08-26

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