EP0303351B1 - Niederschläge vermindernde Motorbrennstoffzusammensetzung mit einem Zusatz, der die Verwendung von die Oktanzahl steigernden Mitteln herabsetzt - Google Patents

Niederschläge vermindernde Motorbrennstoffzusammensetzung mit einem Zusatz, der die Verwendung von die Oktanzahl steigernden Mitteln herabsetzt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0303351B1
EP0303351B1 EP19880306166 EP88306166A EP0303351B1 EP 0303351 B1 EP0303351 B1 EP 0303351B1 EP 19880306166 EP19880306166 EP 19880306166 EP 88306166 A EP88306166 A EP 88306166A EP 0303351 B1 EP0303351 B1 EP 0303351B1
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Prior art keywords
composition according
formula
reaction product
weight percent
diamine
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EP19880306166
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0303351A1 (de
Inventor
Rodney Lu-Dai Sung
Milton Daniel Behrens
Michael Angelo Caggiano
John Frederick Knifton
John Michael Larkin
Robert Leroy Zimmerman
Thomas Hayden
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Texaco Development Corp
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Texaco Development Corp
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Priority claimed from US07/084,354 external-priority patent/US4852993A/en
Priority claimed from US07/158,424 external-priority patent/US4810261A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/1641—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing aliphatic monomers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/165—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing aromatic monomers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/1658—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing conjugated dienes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/221—Organic compounds containing nitrogen compounds of uncertain formula; reaction products where mixtures of compounds are obtained
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a gasoline-soluble reaction product, to a concentrate comprising the reaction product dissolved in a hydrocarbon solvent, and to a haze-free, deposit resistant and ORI-inhibited motor fuel composition comprising the reaction product.
  • Combustion of a hydrocarbon and hydrocarbonceous motorfuel in an internal combustion engine generally results in the formation and accumulation of deposits on various parts of the combustion chamber as well as on the fuel intake and exhaust systems of the engine.
  • the presence of deposits in the combustion chamber seriously reduces the operating efficiency of the engine.
  • deposit accumulation within the combustion chamber inhibits heat transfer between the chamber and the engine cooling system. This leads to higher temperatures within the combustion chamber, resulting in increases in the end gas temperature of the incoming charge. Consequently, end gas auto-ignition occurs, which causes engine knock.
  • the accumulation of deposits within the combustion chamber reduces the volume of the combustion zone, causing a higher than design compression ratio in the engine. This, in turn also results in serious engine knocking.
  • a knocking engine does not effectively utilize the energy of combustion.
  • a third problem common to internal combustion engines is the formation of intake valve deposits.
  • Intake valve deposits interfere with valve closing and eventually result in valve burning. Such deposits interfere with valve motion and valve sealing, and in addition reduce volumetric efficiency of the engine and limit maximum power.
  • Valve deposits are usually a result of thermal and oxidative unstable fuel or lubricating oil oxidation products.
  • Hard carbonaceous deposits collect in the tubes and runners that conduct the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) gases. These deposits are believed to be formed from exhaust particles which are subjected to rapid cooling while mixing with the air-fuel mixture. Reduced EGR flow can result in engine knock and NO X emission increases. It would therefore be desirable to provide a motor fuel composition which minimizes or overcomes the formation of intake valve deposits.
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • Deposit-inhibiting additives for use in motor fuel compositions are well known in the art. For example :
  • Co-assigned U.S. 4,689,031 discloses an additive composition useful in improving the storage stability of middle distillate fuel oils, the additive prepared by reacting (i) a hydrocarbon-substituted mono primary amine or a hydrocarbon-substituted mono primary ether amine, (ii) a dibasic acid anhydride, and (iii) an N-alkyl alkylene diamine.
  • reaction product as a deposit inhibitor additive in fuel compositions.
  • the reaction product taught is a condensate product of the process comprising : (i) reacting a dibasic acid anhydride with a polyoxyisopropylenediamine thereby forming a maleamic acid ; (ii) reacting the maleamic acid with a polyalkylene polyamine, thereby forming a condensate product ; and (iii) recovering the condensate product.
  • Co-assigned U.S. 4,631,069 discloses a wear-inhibiting additive for use in alcohol fuel compositions, the additive prepared by reacting a polyoxyisopropylene diamine, a dibasic acid anhydride, and an N-alkyl-alkylene diamine.
  • U.S. 4,604,103 discloses a motor fuel deposit control additive for use in internal combustion engines which maintains cleanliness of the engine intake system without contributing to combustion chamber deposits or engine octane requirement increase (ORI).
  • the additive disclosed is a hydrocarbyl polyoxyalkylene polyamine ethane of molecular weight range 300-2500 having the formula where R is a hydrocarbyl radical of from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms ; R' is selected from methyl and ethyl ; x is an integer from 5 to 30 ; and R" and R"' are independently selected from hydrogen and -(CH 2 CH 2 NH-)y H where y is an integer from 0-5.
  • U.S. 4,357,148 discloses a motor fuel additive useful in controlling ORI which is the combination of (a) an oil-soluble aliphatic polyamine containing at least one olefinic polymer chain, and (b) a polymer, copolymer, or corresponding hydrogenated polymer or copolymer of a C 2 -C e mono olefin with a molecular weight of 500-1500.
  • U.S. 4,166,726 discloses a fuel additive which is the combination of (i) the reaction product of an alkylphenol, an aldehyde, and an amine, and (ii) a polyalkylene amine.
  • U.S. 3,438,757 discloses the use of hydrocarbyl amines and polyamines with a molecular weight range of 450-10,000, alone or in combination with a lubricating mineral oil, as a detergent for motor fuel compositions.
  • motor fuel compositions of the instant invention are haze-free, ORI-inhibited, and deposit-resistant. It is another advantage of this invention that the reaction product additive of the instant invention is soluble in gasoline and similar motor fuel compositions, and therefore requires no admixing with a solvent prior to introduction into a base motor fuel composition.
  • the invention provides a motor fuel composition exhibiting both reduced ORI and increased resistance to carburetor intake valve, intake manifold, and EGR system deposit formation in comparison with conventional motor fuel compositions.
  • Motor fuel compositions of the instant invention show improved ORI-inhibition and carburetor and valve deposit resistance over conventional motor fuel compositions.
  • Motor fuel compositions of the instant invention comprise a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling in the range 30 to 230°C (90°F-450°F) and additionally comprise:
  • the instant invention is also directed to a concentrate comprising a hydrocarbon solvent in admixture with 0.1-10.0 weight percent of the abovedescribed reaction product component and 25.0-75.0 weight percent of, the abovedescribed hydrocarbon solvent-polyisobutylene ethylene diamine-polyisobutylene mixture.
  • Figure 1 is a graphical representation of data obtained which compares the octane requirement (as a function of hours of engine operation) of a Chevrolet 1.8 liter engine using an commercial unleaded base fuel containing 191.2 g/m 3 (60PTB) of a commercial fuel additive, and the identical engine using a motorfuel composition of the instant invention as exemplified by Example IV.
  • Figure 2 is a graphical representation of data obtained which compares the octane requirement (as a function of hours of engine operation) of a Chevrolet 2.0 liter engine using a commercial, gasoline, and the identical engine using a motor fuel composition of the instant invention as exemplified by Example IV.
  • Component (I) of the instant invention is a reaction product prepared by reacting a dibasic acid anhydride, a diamine containing block copolymers with polyoxyalkylene backbones, and a hydrocarbyl polyamine.
  • the reaction product component of the instant invention is identical to the reaction product disclosed in U.S. Pat. Appl. Serial No. 000,230 corresponding to EP-A-0273545.
  • dibasic acid anhydride reactant used to prepare the reaction product component of the instant invention is of the formula where R 1 is either H or a C 1 -C 5 alkyl radical.
  • dibasic acid anhydrides suitable for use include maleic anhydride ; alpha-methyl maleic anhydride ; alpha-ethyl maleic anhydride ; and alpha, beta-dimethyl maleic anhydride.
  • the preferred dibasic acid anhydride for use is maleic anhydride.
  • the polyoxyalkylene diamine reactant has the formula where R 5 and R 6 are C 1 -C 12 alkylene, and q and r are 0 or 1.
  • the preferred polyoxyalkylene diamine reactant used to prepare the reaction product component of the instant invention is a diamine of the formula where c is 5-150, preferably 8-50 ; b + d is 5-150, preferably 8-50 ; and a + e is 2-12, preferably 4-8.
  • the novelty of the prescribed polyoxyalkylene diamine reactant resides in the fact that it contains a large number (5-150, preferably 8-50) of polyoxypropylene and polyoxyethylene ether moieties in combination with a smaller number (2-12, preferably 4-8) of polyoxybutylene ether moieties.
  • the method of synthesis of the prescribed novel polyoxyalkylene diamine reactant is setforth in detail in U.S. Pat. Appl. Serial No. 000,253 (corresponding EP-A-0273545).
  • the hydrocarbyl polyamine reactant used to prepare the reaction product component of the instant invention may be either :
  • the reaction product component (I) used in the instant invention is prepared by first reacting 1 mole of dibasic acid anhydride with 1 to 2 moles, preferably 1.5 moles of the prescribed diamine reactant containing block copolymers with polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene and polyoxybutylene backbones at a temperature of30°C-200°C, preferably 90°C-150°C.
  • the reaction of dibasic acid anhydride with the polyoxyalkylene diamine reactant is preferably carried out in the presence of a solvent.
  • a preferred solvent is one which will distill with water azeotropically. Suitable solvents include hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline boiling range of 30°C to 200°C.
  • this will include saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons having from 5 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • suitable hydrocarbons solvents include hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, and mixtures thereof.
  • Xylene is the preferred solvent.
  • the solvent can be present in an amount of up to 90% by weight of the total reaction mixture.
  • the reaction mixture is thereafter cooled to 50°C-75°C, preferably 60°C, and 1-2 moles, preferably 1 mole of the hydrocarbyl polyamine is added.
  • the new mixture is then reacted at 30°C-200°C, preferably 90°C-150°C.
  • a critical feature of the reaction product component of the instant invention is the presence of a large number (5-150, preferably 8-50) of polyoxypropylene and polyoxyethylene ether moieties in combination with more limited numbers (2-12, preferably 4-8) of polyoxybutylene ether moieties. These moieties are provided by the prescribed polyoxyalkylene diamine reactant.
  • the presence of a large number of polyoxypropylene and polyoxyethylene ether moieties enhances the gasoline solubility of the reaction product component, thus increasing the efficacy of the reaction product as an additive in motor fuel compositions.
  • reaction product component of the instant invention is advantageous over other reaction product additives employed to control ORI in motor fuels such as those disclosed in US-A-4659336 and -4659337 in that the reaction product component used in the instant invention is soluble in gasoline and similar motor fuel compositions, and therefore requires no admixing with a solvent prior to introduction into a base motor fuel composition.
  • the mixture was thereafter cooled to about 60°C, and 54 parts of N-tallow-1,3 diaminopropane (DUOMEEN T) were added.
  • the new mixture was then reacted at about 140°C for 5 hours to produce the final reaction product.
  • the final reaction product was then filtered and stripped of remaining solvent under vacuum.
  • a reaction product is formed by reacting 54 parts of maleic anhydride, 3206 parts of xylene, and 3000 parts of a polyoxyalkylene diamine at 100°C for 2 hours.
  • the polyoxyalkylene diamine is of the formula
  • the mixture is thereafter cooled to about 60°C, and 152 parts of N-coco-1,2 diaminopropane (DUOMEEN C) are added.
  • the new mixture is then reacted at about 140°C for 5 hours to produce the final reaction product.
  • the final reaction product is then filtered and stripped of remaining solvent under vacuum.
  • a reaction product is formed by reacting 54 parts of maleic anhydride, 3231 parts of xylene, and 3000 parts of a polyoxyalkylene diamine at 100°C for 2 hours.
  • the polyoxyalkylene diamine is of the formula where c has an approximate value of 5-150, b + d has an approximate value of 5-150, and a + e has an approximate value of 2-12.
  • the mixture is thereafter cooled to about 60°C, and 176 parts of N-oleyl-1,3 diaminopropane (DUOMEEN OL) are added.
  • the new mixture is then reacted at about 140°C for 5 hours to produce the final reaction product.
  • the final reaction product is then filtered and stripped of remaining solvent under vacuum.
  • Component (II) of the motor fuel composition of the instant invention is a mixture of a major amount of polyisobutylene ethylene diamine and a minor amount of polyisobutylene. These subcomponents will usually be employed in admixture with a hydrocarbon solvent to facilitate addition of Component (II) to a base motor fuel composition.
  • the polyisobutylene ethylene diamine subcomponent of Component (II) of the instant invention is typically present in a concentration range of 50-75 parts, preferably about 60 parts by weight, based upon the weight of the entire composition which makes up Component (II).
  • the polyisobutylene ethylene diamine subcomponent is of the formula where z has a value of 30-40, preferably 32-35, most preferably 33.
  • the polyisobutylene subcomponent of Component (II) of the instant invention is typically present in a concentration range of 5-25 parts, preferably 10-20 parts by weight, based upon the weight of the entire composition which makes up Component (II).
  • the polyisobutylene subcomponent is of the formula where z again has a value of 30-40, preferably 32-35, most preferably 33.
  • the hydrocarbon solvent employed to facilitate admixture of the abovedescribed subcomponents is preferably a light aromatic distillate composition.
  • a commercially available light aromatic distillate composition containing the abovedescribed polyisobutylene ethylene diamine and polyisobutylene compounds in the abovespecified concentrations and particularly preferred for use as Component (II) of the instant invention is the commercial gasoline additive ORONITE OGA-472, available from Chevron Chemical Company.
  • ORONITE OGA-472 is a composition containing approximately 60 parts by weight of polyisobutylene ethylene diamine, approximately 13 parts by weight polyisobutylene, and approximately 27 parts by weight light aromatic distillate, including xylene and Cg alkylbenzenes.
  • Fuel compositions containing ORONITE OGA 472 as an additive include those described in US-A-4141693, -4028065 and -3966429.
  • the motor fuel composition of the instant invention comprises a major amount of a base motor fuel and 0.0005-5.0 weight percent, preferably 0.001-1.0 weight percent of Component (I) (the abovedescribed reaction product component) and 0.001-1.0 weight percent, preferably 0.01-0.5 weight percent of Component (II), (the abovedescribed mixture comprising a major amount of polyisobutylene ethylene diamine and a minor amount of polyisobutylene in a hydrocarbon solvent).
  • Preferred base motor fuel compositions are those intented for use in spark ignition internal combustion engines.
  • Such motor fuel compositions generally referred to as gasoline base stocks, comprise a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline boiling range from 30 to 230°C (90°F to 450°F).
  • This base fuel may consist of straight chains or branched chains or paraffins, cycloparaffins, olefins, aromatic hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof.
  • the base fuel can be derived from, among others, straight run naphta polymer gasoline, natural gasoline, or from catalytically cracked or thermally cracked hydrocarbons and catalytically reformed stock.
  • the composition and octane level of the base fuel are not critical and any conventional motor fuel base can be employed in the practice of this invention.
  • the motor fuel composition may contain any of the additives generally employed in gasoline.
  • the fuel composition can contain conventional carburetor detergents, anti-knock compounds such as tetraethyl lead compounds, anti-icing additives, upper cylinder lubricating oils, and the like.
  • a motor fuel composition representing the best mode of practicing the instant invention is set forth in Example IV, below.
  • a motor fuel composition containing 0.0005-5.0 weight percent, preferably 0.001-1.0 weight percent of Component (I) and 0.001-1.0 weight percent, preferably 0.01-0.5 weight percent of Component (II) is effective in both minimizing and reducing the ORI of a gasoline internal combustion engine, and in improving carburetor detergency and intake valve cleanliness of the motorfuel.
  • Base Fuel A The base motor fuel employed in the tests (herein designated as Base Fuel A) was a premium grade gasoline essentially unleaded (less than 0.05 g of tetraethyl lead per 3 litres), and comprised a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline boiling range consisting of about 22% aromatic hydrocarbons, 11% olefinic carbons, and 67% paraffinic hydrocarbons, boiling in the range from 30 to 230°C (90°F to 450°F).
  • FRDT Fuel Related Deposit Test
  • the test measures the octane requirement of an engine for a particular motor fuel as a function of varying engine speed and load.
  • This test employs a 1.8 liter Chrysler engine controlled by a dedicated computer which operates the engine speed and load controls, test stand safeties, and data acquisition. Due to the multifunctional capabilities of the computer ccntrolled system, the test cycle very closely simulates an actual engine in a vehicle. The computer can change the engine speed and load quickly and often, and therefore provides a good simulation of a vehicle driving in an urban environment.
  • the carburetor intake valve and intake manifold detergency properties of a commercially available motor fuel and a motorfuel composition of the instant invention were also measured via the Merit Rating Test. This test may be described as follows. At the end of a FRDT run for a given motor fuel composition, portions of the engine are dissassembled and various engine components are visually examined to determine the extent of deposit formation. This is determined via a visual rating system scaled from 1-10, with a value of 10 being a clean component and a value of 1 being a deposit-laden component.
  • Table I The experimental results obtained from the Merit Rating Test are set forth in Table I. As illustrated by Table I, a motor fuel composition of the instant invention is approximately as effective (based upon merit ratings) as a commercially available fuel. In addition, a motor fuel composition of the instant invention shows improved valve deposit control, in view of both valve merit rating and reduced valve deposit weight.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Claims (20)

1. Motorbrennstoffzusammensetzung, umfassend ein Gemisch aus Kohlenwasserstoffen, die im Bereich von 30 bis 230°C (90 bis 450°F) sieden, und (I) 0,0005 bis 5,0 Gew.-% eines Reaktionsproduktes, das durch Umsetzung von :
(a) 1 Mol eines zweibasigen Säureanhydrids der Formel
Figure imgb0038
in der jedes R1 H oder C1-C5-Alkyl ist ;
(b) 1-2 Mol eines Polyoxyalkylendiamins der Formel
Figure imgb0039
in der R5 und R6 C1-C12-Alkylengruppen sind, q und r 0 oder 1 sind, c 5-150 ist, b + d 5-150 ist und a + e 2-12 ist ; und
(c) 1-2 Mol eines Kohlenwasserstoff-Polyamins, das entweder:
(i) ein Kohlenwasserstoff-Polyamin der Formel
Figure imgb0040
in der R2 Alkyl mit 1-24 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, R3 Alkylen mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen ist und x 1-10 ist; oder
(ii) ein N-alkylalkylendiamin der Formel
Figure imgb0041
in der R4 ein aliphatischer Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1-24 Kohlenstoffatomen ist und n 1-6 ist,
sein kann, bei einer Temperatur von 30°C-200°C erhalten wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zusammensetzung
außerdem (II) 0,001-1,0 Gew.-% eines Gemisches umfaßt, das ein Kohlenwasserstoff-Lösungsmittel und:
(a) 50-75 Gewichtsteile Polyisobutylenethylendiamin der Formel
Figure imgb0042
und
(b) 5-25 Gewichtsteile Polyisobutylen der Formel
Figure imgb0043
in der z 30-40 ist,
umfaßt.
2. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagtes Reaktionsprodukt (1) durch Umsetzung von 1 Mol besagten zweibasigen Säureanhydrids mit 1,5 Mol besagten Polyoxyalkylendiamins und 1 Mol besagten Kohlenwasserstoff-Polyamins oder N-Alkylalkylendiamins erhalten wird.
3. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagter zweibasiger Säureänhydrid-Reaktant Maleinsäureanhydrid ist.
4. Zusammensetzung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagter Polyoxyalkylendiamin-Reaktant die Formel aufweist
Figure imgb0044
in der c 8-50 ist, b + d 8-50 ist und a + e 4-8 ist.
5. Zusammensetzung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagter Kohlenwasserstoff-Polyamin-Reaktant entweder :
(III) ein Kohlenwasserstoff-Polyamin der Formel :
Figure imgb0045
in der R2 Alkyl mit 12-20 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, R3 Alkylen mit 1-5 Kohlenstoffatomen ist und x 1-5 ist, oder
(IV) ein N-Alkylalkylendiamin der Formel
Figure imgb0046
in der R4 ein aliphatischer Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 12-20 Kohlenstoffatomen ist und n 3 ist, ist.
6. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagter N-Alkylalkylendiamin-Reaktant
N-Coco-1,3-diaminopropan ;
N-Soya-1,3-diaminopropan ;
N-Talg-1,3-diaminopropan oder
N-Oleyl-1,3-diaminopropan
ist.
7. Zusammensetzung nach einem derAnsprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reaktionsprodukt-Additiv (I) in einer Menge von 0,0001-1,0 Gew.-% vorhanden ist.
8. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Menge des Reaktionsprodukt-Additivs (I) 0,01-0,1 Gew.-% beträgt.
9. Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zusammensetzung zusätzlich 0,001-1,0 Gew.-% eines Polyolefin-Polymers oder -Copolymers, oder das entsprechende hydrierte Polymer oder Copolymer oder Gemische derselben, eines ungesättigten C2-Ce-Kohlenwasserstoffs umfaßt, wobei besagtes Polyolefin-Polymer oder -Copolymer ein Molekulargewicht von 500-3500 besitzt.
10. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagte Polyolefin-Polymer- oder -Copolymer-Komponente von einem ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoff abgeleitet ist, der ausgewählt ist aus Ethylen, Propylen, Isopropylen, Butylen, Isobutylen, Amylen, Hexylen, Isopren und Butadien.
11. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagte Polyolefin-Polymer-oder die entsprechende hydrierte Polymer-oder-Copolymer-Komponente ein Molekulargewicht von 650-2600 besitzt.
12. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagte Polyolefin-PolymerKomponente ein Polypropylen mit einem Molekulargewicht von 750-1000 ist.
13. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagte Polyolefin-PolymerKomponente ein Polypropylen mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht von 800 ist.
14. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagte Polyolefin-PolymerKomponente ein Polyisobutylen mit einem Molekulargewicht von 1000-1500 ist
15. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagte Polyolefin-PolymerKomponente ein Polyisobutylen mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht von 1300 ist.
16. Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagte Polyolefin-Polymer- oder -Copolymer-Komponente in einer Menge von 0,01 bis 0,5 Gew.-% vorhanden ist.
17. Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß z 32-35 ist.
18. Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1-17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagtes Kohlenwasserstofflösungsmittel in (11) ein aromatisches Destillat ist, das Xylol- und Cg-Alkylbenzol-Verbindungen umfaßt
19. Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zusammensetzung 0,01-0,5 Gew.-% eines Gemisches umfaßt, das ein aromatisches Destillat, 60 Gewichtsteile besagten Polyisobutylenethylendiamins und 10-20 Gewichtsteile besagten Polyisobutylens umfaßt und bei dem z einen Wert von 32-35 besitzt.
20. Konzentratzusammensetzung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein Kohlenwasserstofflösungsmittel im Gemisch mit:
0,1 bis 10,0 Gew.-% des Reaktionsproduktes (I), definiert in Anspruch 1, und 25,0 bis 75,0 Gew.-% des Gemisches (11), definiert in Anspruch 1, umfaßt.
EP19880306166 1987-08-12 1988-07-06 Niederschläge vermindernde Motorbrennstoffzusammensetzung mit einem Zusatz, der die Verwendung von die Oktanzahl steigernden Mitteln herabsetzt Expired EP0303351B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US158424 1980-06-11
US07/084,354 US4852993A (en) 1987-08-12 1987-08-12 ORI-inhibited and deposit-resistant motor fuel composition
US84354 1987-08-12
US07/158,424 US4810261A (en) 1987-01-02 1988-02-19 Reaction product additive and ori-inhibited motor fuel composition

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EP0303351A1 EP0303351A1 (de) 1989-02-15
EP0303351B1 true EP0303351B1 (de) 1991-06-19

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US3806456A (en) * 1971-05-17 1974-04-23 Lubrizol Corp Acylated nitrogen compositions
US3960515A (en) * 1973-10-11 1976-06-01 Chevron Research Company Hydrocarbyl amine additives for distillate fuels
US4141693A (en) * 1974-12-18 1979-02-27 Standard Oil Company (Ohio) Manganese containing fuels
US4166726A (en) * 1977-12-16 1979-09-04 Chevron Research Company Diesel fuel containing polyalkylene amine and Mannich base
US4313764A (en) * 1980-07-31 1982-02-02 Gaf Corporation Isocyanate polyoxyalkylenes
US4357148A (en) * 1981-04-13 1982-11-02 Shell Oil Company Method and fuel composition for control or reversal of octane requirement increase and for improved fuel economy
GB8515974D0 (en) * 1985-06-24 1985-07-24 Shell Int Research Gasoline composition
US4659337A (en) * 1985-07-19 1987-04-21 Texaco Inc. Maleic anhydride-polyether-polyamine reaction product and motor fuel composition containing same
US4659336A (en) * 1986-03-28 1987-04-21 Texaco Inc. Motor fuel composition
EP0273545A1 (de) * 1987-01-02 1988-07-06 Texaco Development Corporation Reaktionsprodukt und ori-gehemmte Motortreibstoffzusammensetzung

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JP2613271B2 (ja) 1997-05-21
DE3863325D1 (de) 1991-07-25
EP0303351A1 (de) 1989-02-15

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