EP0301416B1 - Instantaneous hot water storage heater - Google Patents

Instantaneous hot water storage heater Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0301416B1
EP0301416B1 EP88111776A EP88111776A EP0301416B1 EP 0301416 B1 EP0301416 B1 EP 0301416B1 EP 88111776 A EP88111776 A EP 88111776A EP 88111776 A EP88111776 A EP 88111776A EP 0301416 B1 EP0301416 B1 EP 0301416B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
annular space
space
guide wall
accumulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88111776A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0301416A1 (en
Inventor
Paul Heimbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nv Vaillant Sa
SCHONEWELLE BV
Vaillant Austria GmbH
Vaillant GmbH
Vaillant SARL
Vaillant Ltd
Original Assignee
Vaillant Austria GmbH
Nv Vaillant Sa
Joh Vaillant GmbH and Co
Vaillant GmbH
Vaillant SARL
Vaillant Ltd
SCHONEWELLE BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT109188A external-priority patent/ATA109188A/en
Application filed by Vaillant Austria GmbH, Nv Vaillant Sa, Joh Vaillant GmbH and Co, Vaillant GmbH, Vaillant SARL, Vaillant Ltd, SCHONEWELLE BV filed Critical Vaillant Austria GmbH
Publication of EP0301416A1 publication Critical patent/EP0301416A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0301416B1 publication Critical patent/EP0301416B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • F24D3/082—Hot water storage tanks specially adapted therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a continuous hot water storage tank with a pipe coil arranged within the storage space between two concentric guide walls, the central space enclosed by the inner guide wall in the lowest region of the pipe coil with the annular space delimited by the two guide walls via radial openings (26) in the inner Baffle (20) is connected.
  • Such a continuous hot water tank is known from DE-B-16 79 766.
  • the outer housing wall acts as the outer guide wall delimiting the annular space for receiving the coiled tubing.
  • a circulation or thermal circulation of the storage water is possible between the annular space and the central cylindrical space, but this cannot take place in a laminar flow due to the only partial breakthrough of the end face of the pot cylinder enclosing the central area.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the circulating conditions for the storage water.
  • the inner annular space delimited by the two guide walls is connected on its upper and lower side to an outer annular space delimited by the outer guide wall and the storage wall.
  • the coiled tubing and the guide walls are arranged coaxially with a vertical axis, so that the storage device becomes particularly slim and can be accommodated well within narrowly limited spaces.
  • the tube coil can be connected with its upper end to the flow and with its lower end to the return of the water heater of a circulating heater in order to integrate the storage in a heating system in a particularly economical manner in this way.
  • the storage can advantageously be accommodated in a common housing in a space-saving manner.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a store including a water heater
  • FIG. 2 also schematically shows the inside of the store in an axial section.
  • a hot water tank 1 according to the invention is housed together with the water heater 2 of a circulation heater in a housing 3.
  • the water heater 2 comprises a burner 6 supplied with fuel via a fuel supply line 4 and a fuel supply valve 5 and a primary heat exchanger 8 arranged above the combustion chamber 7 and designed as a lamella block.
  • the exhaust gases of the burner 6 flow into the exhaust gas duct 10 via the exhaust gas hood 9.
  • the combustion chamber 7 is delimited by a wall 11 which carries on its outside a secondary heat exchanger which is formed by a pipe run 12 and which is in series with the primary heat exchanger 8 on the return side.
  • a secondary heat exchanger which is formed by a pipe run 12 and which is in series with the primary heat exchanger 8 on the return side.
  • the flow 14 of a circulating heater is connected on the one hand via a three-way valve 13 and on the other hand the return 15 provided with a pump thereof. From the lead 14 branches over as Divert serving three-way valve 13 a flow branch line 16 to the memory 1, and a return branch line 17 of the memory 1 opens into the heating return 15.
  • FIG. 2 shows the internal structure of the store 1, inside the wall 18 of which there is a coiled tubing 19, the upper end of which is connected to the feed branch line 16, the upper end of which is connected to the feed branch line 16 and the lower end of which is connected to the return branch line 17.
  • This coiled tube 19 is enclosed between two concentric, cylindrical (or polygonal prismatic) guide walls 20 and 21.
  • the inner guide wall 20 delimits a central displacement space 25, into which - for example - the cold water supply 22 of the store 1 opens.
  • This central displacement space 25 is connected via radial openings 26 of the inner guide wall 20 in the lowest region of the tube coil 19 to the inner annular space 24 delimited by the two guide walls 20 and 21.
  • the inner annular space 24 delimited by the two guide walls 20 and 21, at the upper end of which the hot water outlet line 23 connects, is connected on its upper and lower sides to the outer annular space 27 delimited by the outer guide wall 21 and the storage wall 18.
  • a temperature sensor 28 is accommodated in the flow branch line 16 as well as a further temperature sensor 29 in the outer annular space 27 delimited by the outer guide wall 21 and the storage wall 18.
  • the function of the device results from this structure as follows:
  • the coiled tubing 19 works like the usual heat exchanger of a water heater.
  • the coil 19 controlled by the temperature sensor 29 in the outer annular space 27 of the memory 1, is initially supplied with heat.
  • an upward flow forms in the inner annular space 24, which leads to the circulation and thermal charging of the entire storage contents.
  • the heat is transferred by forced convection.
  • the flow within the tube coil 19 is turbulent, and a laminar flow occurs in the inner annular space 24.
  • the quantities determining the flow velocity in the inner annular space 24 and the heat exchange surface must be dimensioned such that the full heating power of the wall unit can be transmitted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

In an instantaneous hot water storage heater (1) with a heat- transmitting member arranged inside the storage space, this member is arranged in the form of a tube coil (19) coaxially with the vertical axis between two concentric guide walls (20, 21 or 18, 20). The inner guide wall (20) delimits a central displacement space (25) which in the lower region of the tube coil (19) is connected via radial openings (26) of the inner guide wall (20) to the annular space (24) delimited by the two guide walls (20, 21 or 20, 18). This annular space (24) can at its upper and lower side be connected to an outer annular space (27) delimited by an outer guide wall (21) and the storage heater wall (18) and connected to the hot water outlet pipe (23) (Fig. 2). The outer guide wall can also, however, be formed by the storage heater wall (18) itself and then delimits only with the inner guide wall (20) an annular space (24) which is connected at the top and at the bottom to the central space (25) (Fig. 3). By virtue of this design, the storage heater (1) can be dimensioned in slender manner and accommodated together with a water heater (2) associated with a circulating heating system in a common housing (3) as a wall-mounted device. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Durchlauf-Warmwasserspeicher mit einer innerhalb des Speicherraumes zwischen zwei konzentrischen Leitwänden angeordneten Rohrwendel, wobei der von der inneren Leitwand eingeschlossene zentrale Raum im untersten Bereich der Rohrwendel mit dem von den beiden Leitwänden begrenzten ringförmigen Raum über radiale Öffnungen (26) der inneren Leitwand (20) in Verbindung steht.The invention relates to a continuous hot water storage tank with a pipe coil arranged within the storage space between two concentric guide walls, the central space enclosed by the inner guide wall in the lowest region of the pipe coil with the annular space delimited by the two guide walls via radial openings (26) in the inner Baffle (20) is connected.

Ein derartiger Durchlauf-Warmwasserspeicher ist bekannt aus der DE-B-16 79 766. Als äußere, den Ringraum für die Aufnahme der Rohrwendel begrenzende Leitwand fungiert dabei die äußere Gehäusewandung. Eine Zirkulation beziehungsweise thermische Umwälzung des Speicherwassers ist zwar zwischen Ringraum und zentralen zylindrischen Raum möglich, diese kann jedoch aufgrund der nur partiellen Durchbrechung der Stirnseite des den zentralen Bereich einschließenden Topfzylinders nicht in einer laminaren Strömung erfolgen.Such a continuous hot water tank is known from DE-B-16 79 766. The outer housing wall acts as the outer guide wall delimiting the annular space for receiving the coiled tubing. A circulation or thermal circulation of the storage water is possible between the annular space and the central cylindrical space, but this cannot take place in a laminar flow due to the only partial breakthrough of the end face of the pot cylinder enclosing the central area.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in der Verbesserung der Umwälzbedingungen für das Speicherwasser.The object of the invention is to improve the circulating conditions for the storage water.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, daß der von den beiden Leitwänden begrenzte innere ringförmige Raum an seiner Ober- und Unterseite mit einem von der äußeren Leitwand und der Speicherwandung begrenzten äußeren ringförmigen Raum verbunden ist. Dadurch ergibt sich eine vorteilhafte Ümwälzung des gespeicherten Wassers innerhalb des gesamten Speichervolumens sowie der damit verknüpfte Effekt, daß rasch Warmwasser aus dem Speicher abgegeben werden kann.According to the invention it is provided that the inner annular space delimited by the two guide walls is connected on its upper and lower side to an outer annular space delimited by the outer guide wall and the storage wall. This results in an advantageous circulation of the stored water within the entire storage volume and the associated effect that hot water can be released quickly from the storage.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Erfindungsgegenstandes sind die Rohrwendel und die Leitwände koaxial mit senkrechter Achse angeordnet, so daß dadurch der Speicher besonders schlank wird und sich innerhalb eng begrenzter Räume gut unterbringen läßt.According to a preferred embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, the coiled tubing and the guide walls are arranged coaxially with a vertical axis, so that the storage device becomes particularly slim and can be accommodated well within narrowly limited spaces.

Die Rohrwendel kann im Rahmen der Erfindung mit ihrem oberen Ende an den Vorlauf und mit ihrem unteren Ende an den Rücklauf des Wasserheizers einer Umlaufheizung angeschlossen sein, um den Speicher auf diese Weise besonders wirtschaftlich in ein Heizungssystem einzubinden.In the context of the invention, the tube coil can be connected with its upper end to the flow and with its lower end to the return of the water heater of a circulating heater in order to integrate the storage in a heating system in a particularly economical manner in this way.

Vorteilhaft raumsparend kann der Speicher neben diesem Wasserheizer in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse untergebracht werden.In addition to this water heater, the storage can advantageously be accommodated in a common housing in a space-saving manner.

Zur Steuerung des Wasserheizers sind zweckdienlicherweise ein Temperaturfühler in der Zweigleitung des Heizungsvorlaufes und ein weiterer Temperaturfühler in dem von der Speicherwand und der äußeren Leitwand begrenzten ringförmigen Raum anzuordnen.To control the water heater are expediently a temperature sensor in the branch line of the heating flow and a further temperature sensor in that of the storage wall and to arrange the outer guide wall limited annular space.

Ausführungsbeispiele des Erfindungsgegenstandes sind nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigt Figur 1 einen Speicher samt Wasserheizer in einer schematischen Frontalansicht und Figur 2 stellt das Innere des Speichers gleichfalls schematisch in einem Axialschnitt dar.Exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings. Specifically, FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a store including a water heater, and FIG. 2 also schematically shows the inside of the store in an axial section.

Gemäß Figur 1 ist ein erfindungsgemäßer Warmwasserspeicher 1 mit dem Wasserheizer 2 einer Umlaufheizung gemeinsam in einem Gehäuse 3 untergebracht.According to Figure 1, a hot water tank 1 according to the invention is housed together with the water heater 2 of a circulation heater in a housing 3.

Der Wasserheizer 2 umfaßt einen über eine Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 4 und ein Brennstoffzufuhrventil 5 mit Brennstoff versorgten Brenner 6 und einen oberhalb der Brennkammer 7 angeordneten, als Lamellenblock ausgebildeten Primärwärmetauscher 8. Über die Abgassammelhaube 9 strömen die Abgase des Brenners 6 in die Abgasführung 10.The water heater 2 comprises a burner 6 supplied with fuel via a fuel supply line 4 and a fuel supply valve 5 and a primary heat exchanger 8 arranged above the combustion chamber 7 and designed as a lamella block. The exhaust gases of the burner 6 flow into the exhaust gas duct 10 via the exhaust gas hood 9.

Die Brennkammer 7 ist von einer Wandung 11 begrenzt, die an ihrer Außenseite einen von einer Rohrschlage 12 gebildeten Sekundärwärmetauscher trägt, der mit dem Primärwärmetauscher 8 rücklaufseitig in Serie liegt. An die beiden Wärmetauscher 8 und 12 ist einerseits über ein Dreiwegeventil 13 der Vorlauf 14 einer Umlaufheizung und andererseits deren mit einer Pumpe versehener Rücklauf 15 angeschlossen. Vom Vorlauf 14 zweigt über das als Weiche dienende Dreiwegeventil 13 eine Vorlaufzweigleitung 16 zum Speicher 1 ab, und in den Heizungsrücklauf 15 mündet eine Rücklaufzweigleitung 17 des Speichers 1.The combustion chamber 7 is delimited by a wall 11 which carries on its outside a secondary heat exchanger which is formed by a pipe run 12 and which is in series with the primary heat exchanger 8 on the return side. To the two heat exchangers 8 and 12, the flow 14 of a circulating heater is connected on the one hand via a three-way valve 13 and on the other hand the return 15 provided with a pump thereof. From the lead 14 branches over as Divert serving three-way valve 13 a flow branch line 16 to the memory 1, and a return branch line 17 of the memory 1 opens into the heating return 15.

Figur 2 zeigt den inneren Aufbau des Speichers 1, innerhalb dessen Wand 18 sich eine Rohrwendel 19 befindet, deren oberes Ende an die Vorlaufzweigleitung 16 und deren oberes Ende an die Vorlaufzweigleitung 16 und deren unteres Ende an die Rücklaufzweigleitung 17 angeschlossen ist.FIG. 2 shows the internal structure of the store 1, inside the wall 18 of which there is a coiled tubing 19, the upper end of which is connected to the feed branch line 16, the upper end of which is connected to the feed branch line 16 and the lower end of which is connected to the return branch line 17.

Diese Rohrwendel 19 ist zwischen zwei konzentrischen, zylindrischen (oder polygonal prismatischen) Leitwänden 20 und 21 eingeschlossen.This coiled tube 19 is enclosed between two concentric, cylindrical (or polygonal prismatic) guide walls 20 and 21.

Die innere Leitwand 20 begrenzt einen zentralen Verdrängerraum 25, in den - beispielsweise - die Kaltwasserzufuhr 22 des Speichers 1 mündet. Dieser zentrale Verdrängerraum 25 steht über radiale Öffnungen 26 der inneren Leitwand 20 im untersten Bereich der Rohrwendel 19 mit dem von den beiden Leitwänden 20 und 21 begrenzten inneren ringförmigen Raum 24 in Verbindung.The inner guide wall 20 delimits a central displacement space 25, into which - for example - the cold water supply 22 of the store 1 opens. This central displacement space 25 is connected via radial openings 26 of the inner guide wall 20 in the lowest region of the tube coil 19 to the inner annular space 24 delimited by the two guide walls 20 and 21.

Der von den beiden Leitwänden 20 und 21 begrenzte innere ringförmige Raum 24, an dessen oberes Ende die Warmwasserauslaufleitung 23 anschließt, ist an seiner Ober- und Unterseite mit dem von der äußeren Leitwand 21 und der Speicherwand 18 begrenzten äußeren ringförmigen Raum 27 verbunden.The inner annular space 24 delimited by the two guide walls 20 and 21, at the upper end of which the hot water outlet line 23 connects, is connected on its upper and lower sides to the outer annular space 27 delimited by the outer guide wall 21 and the storage wall 18.

Zur Steuerung des Wasserheizers 2 ist sowohl ein Temperaturfühler 28 in der Vorlaufzweigleitung 16 als auch ein weiterer Temperaturfühler 29 in dem von der äußeren Leitwand 21 und der Speicherwand 18 begrenzten äußeren ringförmigen Raum 27 untergebracht.To control the water heater 2, a temperature sensor 28 is accommodated in the flow branch line 16 as well as a further temperature sensor 29 in the outer annular space 27 delimited by the outer guide wall 21 and the storage wall 18.

Die Funktion des Gerätes ergibt sich aus diesem Aufbau wie folgt:
Bei einer Wasserentnahme über die Warmwasserauslaufleitung 23 arbeitet die Rohrwendel 19 wie der übliche Wärmetauscher eines Durchlauferhitzers. Nach Abschluß des Zapfvorganges wird der Rohrwendel 19, gesteuert über den Temperaturfühler 29 im äußeren ringförmigen Raum 27 des Speichers 1, zunächst weiter Wärme zugeführt. Infolge von Temperatur- und Dichteunterschieden bildet sich im inneren ringförmigen Raum 24 eine aufwärts gerichtete Strömung aus, die zur Umwälzung und thermischen Aufladung des gesamten Speicherinhaltes führt.The function of the device results from this structure as follows:
When water is withdrawn via the hot water outlet line 23, the coiled tubing 19 works like the usual heat exchanger of a water heater. After completion of the tapping process, the coil 19, controlled by the temperature sensor 29 in the outer annular space 27 of the memory 1, is initially supplied with heat. As a result of temperature and density differences, an upward flow forms in the inner annular space 24, which leads to the circulation and thermal charging of the entire storage contents.

Bei stationärem Durchlaufbetrieb erfolgt die Wärmeübertragung durch Zwangskonvektion. Innerhalb der Rohrwendel 19 ist die Strömung turbulent, im inneren ringförmigen Raum 24 stellt sich eine laminare Strömung ein. Bei Vorwahl der Bauhöhe des Speichers 1 entsprechend dem im Wandgerät verfügbaren Einbaumaß müssen die die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit im inneren ringförmigen Raum 24 bestimmenden Größen und die Wärmetauschfläche so bemessen werden, daß die volle Heizleistung des Wandgerätes übertragen werden kann.In steady-state continuous operation, the heat is transferred by forced convection. The flow within the tube coil 19 is turbulent, and a laminar flow occurs in the inner annular space 24. When preselecting the height of the store 1 according to the installation dimension available in the wall unit the quantities determining the flow velocity in the inner annular space 24 and the heat exchange surface must be dimensioned such that the full heating power of the wall unit can be transmitted.

Zur thermischen Nachladung des Speichers 1 erfolgt auf der Heizwasserseite kein von außen aufgeprägter Durchlauf. Gleichwohl kommt intern eine Umwälzung zustande, die innerhalb des inneren ringförmigen Raumes 24 an der Rohrwendel 19 aufwärts und im äußeren ringförmigen Raum 27 abwärts gerichtet ist. Ursache dieser Umwälzung sind hier Dichteunterschiede in der Warmwasserfüllung des inneren ringförmigen Raumes 24, die durch das dort bestehende Temperaturfeld bedingt sind. Der Vorgang ähnelt dem in einem Kamin.For thermal recharging of the store 1, there is no pass-through impressed on the heating water side. Nevertheless, a circulation occurs internally, which is directed upward within the inner annular space 24 on the tube coil 19 and downward in the outer annular space 27. The cause of this revolution here are density differences in the hot water filling of the inner annular space 24, which are caused by the temperature field there. The process is similar to that in a fireplace.

Während der Nachladung des Speichers 1 verringert sich die wirksame Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Heizwasser und Speicherwasser stetig, sofern die Heizwasser-Vorlauftemperatur konstant gehalten wird.During the reloading of the storage tank 1, the effective temperature difference between the heating water and the storage water decreases steadily, provided the heating water supply temperature is kept constant.

Claims (5)

  1. A flow-type hot water accumulator comprising a pipe coil (19), which is disposed within the accumulator space between two concentric guide walls (20, 21), wherein the central space (25) which is enclosed by the inner guide wall (20) communicates adjacent to the lowermost portion of the pipe coil (19) through radial openings (26) in the inner guide wall (20) with the annular space (24) defined by the two guide walls (20, 21), characterized in that said inner annular space (24) which is defined by the two guide walls (20, 21) communicates at its top and bottom with an outer annular space (27), which is defined by the outer guide wall (21) and by the wall (18) of the accumulator proper.
  2. An accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe coil (19) and the guide walls (20, 21) are coaxial and have vertical axes.
  3. An accumulator according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pipe coil (19) is connected at its top end to the flow line (14) and at its bottom end to the return line (15) of the water heater (2) of a circulating heating system.
  4. An accumulator according to claim 3, characterized in that it is accommodated beside said water heater (2) in a common housing (3).
  5. An accumulator according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a temperature sensor (28) in the branch line (16) of the flow line (14) of the heating system and another temperature sensor (29) in the annular space (27) defined by the outer guide wall (21) and the accumulator wall (18) are provided for the control of the water heater (2).
EP88111776A 1987-07-27 1988-07-21 Instantaneous hot water storage heater Expired - Lifetime EP0301416B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1902/87 1987-07-27
AT190287 1987-07-27
AT1091/88 1988-04-28
AT109188A ATA109188A (en) 1988-04-28 1988-04-28 CONTINUOUS HOT WATER TANK

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0301416A1 EP0301416A1 (en) 1989-02-01
EP0301416B1 true EP0301416B1 (en) 1992-03-04

Family

ID=25594869

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88111776A Expired - Lifetime EP0301416B1 (en) 1987-07-27 1988-07-21 Instantaneous hot water storage heater

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0301416B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE73223T1 (en)
DE (2) DE8809402U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2030803T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3004553T3 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1679766B1 (en) * 1966-06-18 1972-05-31 Schmoele Metall R & G Domestic hot water heater for connection to a collective heating system
DE1579933C3 (en) * 1966-11-25 1978-07-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Gas-heated circulation water heater for a closed collective heating system
FR2383398A1 (en) * 1977-03-11 1978-10-06 Saunier Duval Hot water calorifier for domestic use - has internal pipe to circulate secondary water to increase heat transfer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3868756D1 (en) 1992-04-09
ES2030803T3 (en) 1992-11-16
DE8809402U1 (en) 1988-09-08
GR3004553T3 (en) 1993-04-28
ATE73223T1 (en) 1992-03-15
EP0301416A1 (en) 1989-02-01

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