EP0301016B1 - Device for metering and mixing systems of multiple fluid components - Google Patents

Device for metering and mixing systems of multiple fluid components Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0301016B1
EP0301016B1 EP87902376A EP87902376A EP0301016B1 EP 0301016 B1 EP0301016 B1 EP 0301016B1 EP 87902376 A EP87902376 A EP 87902376A EP 87902376 A EP87902376 A EP 87902376A EP 0301016 B1 EP0301016 B1 EP 0301016B1
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Prior art keywords
component
pressure
chamber
bellows
metering
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0301016A1 (en
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Hans Willi Meinz
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/80—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed
    • B01F35/88—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by feeding the materials batchwise
    • B01F35/882—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by feeding the materials batchwise using measuring chambers, e.g. volumetric pumps, for feeding the substances
    • B01F35/8823—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by feeding the materials batchwise using measuring chambers, e.g. volumetric pumps, for feeding the substances using diaphragms or bellows

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for metering and mixing flowable multicomponent systems, in particular polyurethane systems, with at least one cylinder space arranged in a cylinder housing for each component, with a displacement element in each cylinder space coupled in synchronism with the cycle and conveying synchronously, each cylinder space through the displacement element into a component space and dividing a pressure chamber and to each component chamber a supply line supplying the respective component under pressure is connected, with at least one displacement element designed as a bellows, one end of which is hermetically sealed and supported on the cylinder housing and the other end of which is closed by a base, and with a mixing chamber to which the component rooms are connected.
  • Such a device is known from US-A-4,132,483.
  • This known device consists of one Cylinder space with a bellows for each component, each bellows dividing the associated cylinder space into a component space and a pressure space filled with hydraulic fluid.
  • a plunger plunges into each pressure chamber, which is sealed off from the environment by a dynamic seal.
  • the plungers of all components are mechanically driven by a common, rotatable yoke.
  • a disadvantage of this known device is the great design effort and the dynamic seal on the plunger, which have leakage losses even with a perfect seal. As a result, the stroke range of the bellows shifts progressively, which leads to the destruction of the bellows if the leakage losses are not continuously checked and are returned to the pressure chamber by a leakage supplement device so that the liquid volume enclosed in the pressure chamber always remains constant.
  • DE-C-31 28 666 also discloses a device for metering two-component systems, in particular polyurethane components, which consists of three cylinder spaces arranged axially one behind the other, each of which is assigned a piston covered with a rolling membrane.
  • the three pistons are connected to a common piston rod.
  • Two of the pistons are designed as metering pistons for one component each, the third piston is necessary so that the pressure in the pressure chambers of the metering cylinders is always lower than the pressure in the component rooms, since otherwise the rolling membranes cannot roll onto the metering pistons.
  • a disadvantage of this known device is both the great design effort and the often inadequate chemical resistance of the currently available rolling membranes to many common components. Disadvantageous is also that the fixed dosage ratio of the components can only be changed with great structural effort.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a device for metering and mixing flowable multicomponent systems in such a way that it is both the most abrasive, e.g. materials that tend to crystallize, as well as chemically aggressive liquids can be processed, the dosage ratio being able to be changed as desired in a manner known per se.
  • This device therefore has two or more displacement elements which are coupled to one another in a clock-synchronized and conveyor-synchronous manner, at least one displacement element consisting of a flexible bellows and the other displacement elements can be designed, for example, as conventional pistons.
  • all displacement elements will be designed as bellows, since in most cases they enable much cheaper and more durable designs than conventional pistons and cylinders.
  • the operational readiness or the service life of the device is not impaired by corrosion or deposits.
  • the bellows are completely wear-free. Even if deposits form on the surfaces of the bellows during operation, there are no serious malfunctions. Furthermore, the inner surfaces of the cylinders do not need to be machined when bellows are used.
  • the device according to the invention offers many advantages in terms of maintenance and operational safety.
  • the components can be metered batchwise. Depending on the size of the bellows, shot volumes of up to 50 liters can be achieved.
  • Automatic control of the working and filling stroke is expedient. With automatic control, the component spaces are automatically refilled after each shot from compressed gas-laden storage containers. The filling times are so short with this system concept that they generally do not have a disturbing effect even with large shot volumes.
  • the device according to the invention can implement any desired metering ratio in any pressure range, since the bellows are always loaded only by an extremely low differential pressure.
  • the device can be designed such that each pressure chamber is connected to the same pressure source p2.
  • This design enables a particularly simple drive by pressurizing the displacement elements by means of a pressure source.
  • the device can be designed so that the flexible bellows consists of austenitic stainless steel.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the temperatures of the components to be dosed are high (above 150 ° C), the components are particularly chemically aggressive (e.g. liquid alkali metals) or particularly abrasive (e.g. liquid plastics with mineral fillers).
  • the components are particularly chemically aggressive (e.g. liquid alkali metals) or particularly abrasive (e.g. liquid plastics with mineral fillers).
  • the device can be designed such that the flexible bellows consists of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the chemical resistance of polytetrafluoroethylene exceeds that of all elastomers and other thermoplastics. Only liquid alkali metals and some fluorine compounds attack the material PTFE at higher pressures and temperatures.
  • the bellows are made of PTFE without cutting from preformed blanks, and the bellows can also be formed with a closed bottom. Commercial PTFE bellows achieve a number of cycles of 107 to 109. With the same displacement volume, the cost of a PTFE bellows is much lower than that of a stainless steel bellows.
  • the device can be designed such that the flexible bellows consists of an extrusion or injection-blown thermoplastic.
  • the bellows made of thermoplastic materials by extrusion or injection blow molding are characterized by high resistance to many chemicals and by an unrivaled low price compared to all other bellows designs. They can therefore be regarded as cheap disposable parts that can be replaced with little effort, for example to remove component deposits or the fixed dosage ratio of To change components. As a rule, the bellows will be designed with a closed bottom, so that the displacement element consists of only one component. A two-part version with a separately manufactured base is only recommended if standard bellows are to be used (e.g. for small series).
  • This exemplary embodiment relates to a device in a low-pressure version for discontinuous two-component metering.
  • the Fig. Shows a particularly simple embodiment of the invention, in which the device in two-component design with two axially successively arranged cylinder chambers and each with an associated bellows and a connected mixing chamber and two storage containers for the two components is formed, the metering stroke by pneumatic pressure application of the bellows in the low pressure range.
  • the device shown consists essentially of two axially successively arranged cylinder spaces 1, 2 with bellows 3, 4 located therein, which are firmly connected to one another via a piston rod 5 and which each of the cylinder spaces 1, 2 in a component space 6, 7 and in a pressure space Divide 8, 9. Furthermore, the device has two storage containers 12, 13, each of which is connected to the component spaces 6, 7 via a check valve 10, 11, and a mixing chamber 14, which is connected directly to the component space 6 and to the component space 7 via a check valve 15 and to a compressed air line 16 .
  • the cylinder spaces 1, 2 are designed with the same diameter, so that any dosage ratio can be achieved by exchanging the bellows 4.
  • the bellows 3, 4 used here are stockable PTFE pointed bellows of the same overall length with different diameters according to the desired dosage ratio, the bottoms 17, 18 of which are made of sheet steel and which have divided steel flanges 19, 20, 21, 22 on the cylinder covers 23, 24 and Floors 17, 18 are fastened by screws, whereby spring elements or resilient elastomer inserts between the steel flange 19, 20, 21, 22 and bellows flange 25, 26, 27, 28 are to be used under the screws in order to provide an effective seal between the component space 6 , 7 and pressure chamber 8, 9 to reach.
  • the piston rod 5 which is only claimed by the pressure p2, which is loaded on its cross-sectional area, is correspondingly light in construction and is supported in two piston rod guides 29, 30 made of PTFE and each by means of a self-tightening PTFE sleeve packing 31, 32 between the pressure chamber 8 and the component room 7 and atmosphere sealed.
  • the check valves 10, 11, 15 are designed without spring loading, which enables an extremely low opening pressure. These valves 10, 11, 15 only close under the dead weight of the valve balls 33, 34, 35, which, however, makes a vertical installation position absolutely necessary during installation.
  • the components are supplied to the mixing chamber 14 via hose lines 36, 37, 16, two shut-off valves 38, 39 being located on the mixing chamber 14, which are expediently designed as pneumatically actuated piston spools.
  • the pressure level in the pressure rooms 8, 9 and the component rooms 6, 7 is almost the same for all operating states of the device is equal to.
  • This condition is particularly easily met in the device according to the drawing by compressed air loading of the pressure chambers 8, 9 and the reservoir 12, 13, the pressures p1 and p3 being kept at a constant pressure level with p1 ⁇ p3 and the pressure p2 being raised to p3 during the working stroke and is lowered to p 1 during the filling stroke.
  • the differential pressure between the component spaces 6, 7 and the pressure spaces 8, 9 does not rise to an impermissibly high level.
  • the bellows 4 synchronously conveys the component 42 from the component space 7 via the open check valve 15 into the compressed air line 16, the component 42 supplied to the compressed air 41 being pressed into the mixing chamber 14 by the flowing compressed air 41 and being fed there directly to the mixing chamber 14 Component 40 is mixed.
  • the metering stroke can be interrupted at any time by simultaneously closing the two shut-off valves 38, 39.
  • the filling of the component rooms 6, 7 takes place from the storage containers 12, 13 by lowering the pressure p2 in the pressure rooms 8, 9 to the pressure p1, which is always in the storage containers 12, 13 by compressed air loading via permanently set pressure reducers (not shown) constant pressure level is maintained.
  • the pressure p3 in the compressed air line 16 leading to the mixing chamber 14 is always kept constant at a fixed, in comparison to p1 higher pressure level.

Abstract

A device for metering and mixing systems of multiple fluid components comprises as displacing elements bellows (3, 4; 47, 48, 49, 50) arranged each in a cylindrical chamber (1, 2; 43, 44, 45, 46) for each component. They are coupled with each other so as to work in a synchronized way and subdivide each cylindrical chamber (1, 2; 43, 44, 45, 46) into a component room (6, 7; 51, 52, 53, 54) and into a pressure room (8, 9; 55, 56, 57, 58), whereas the pressure in the pressure rooms (8, 9; 5, 56, 57, 58) is always almost the same as in the component rooms (6, 7; 51, 52, 53, 54). The component rooms (6, 7; 51, 52, 53, 54) are linked each by a stop valve (38, 39; 70, 71, 72, 73) to a mixing chamber (14) and by another stop valve (10, 11; 66, 67, 68, 69) to a storage container (12, 13).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Dosieren und Mischen von fließfähigen Mehrkomponentensystemen, insbesondere Polyurethansystemen, mit mindestens einem in einem Zylindergehäuse angeordneten Zylinderraum für jede Komponente, mit je einem takt- und fördersynchron gekoppelten Verdrängerelement in jedem Zylinderraum, wobei jeder Zylinderraum durch das Verdrängerelement in einen Komponentenraum und einen Druckraum unterteilt und an jeden Komponentenraum eine die jeweilige Komponente unter Druck zuführende Zuleitung angeschlossen ist, mit mindestens einem als Faltenbalg ausgebildeten Verdrängerelement, dessen eines Ende hermetisch dicht verschlossen und an dem Zylindergehäuse abgestützt ist und dessen anderes Ende durch einen Boden verschlossen ist, und mit einer Mischkammer, an die die Komponentenräume angeschlossen sind.The invention relates to a device for metering and mixing flowable multicomponent systems, in particular polyurethane systems, with at least one cylinder space arranged in a cylinder housing for each component, with a displacement element in each cylinder space coupled in synchronism with the cycle and conveying synchronously, each cylinder space through the displacement element into a component space and dividing a pressure chamber and to each component chamber a supply line supplying the respective component under pressure is connected, with at least one displacement element designed as a bellows, one end of which is hermetically sealed and supported on the cylinder housing and the other end of which is closed by a base, and with a mixing chamber to which the component rooms are connected.

Aus der US-A- 4,132,483 ist eine derartige Vorrichtung bekannt. Diese bekannte Vorrichtung besteht aus jeweils einem Zylinderraum mit je einem Faltenbalg für jede Komponente, wobei jeder Faltenbalg den dazugehörigen Zylinderraum in einen Komponentenraum und in einen mit Hydraulikflüssigkeit gefüllten Druckraum unterteilt. In den jeweiligen Druckraum taucht jeweils ein Plungerkolben ein, der über eine dynamische Dichtung zur Umgebung abgedichtet ist. Die Plungerkolben aller Komponenten werden über ein gemeinsames, drehbares Joch mechanisch angetrieben.Such a device is known from US-A-4,132,483. This known device consists of one Cylinder space with a bellows for each component, each bellows dividing the associated cylinder space into a component space and a pressure space filled with hydraulic fluid. A plunger plunges into each pressure chamber, which is sealed off from the environment by a dynamic seal. The plungers of all components are mechanically driven by a common, rotatable yoke.

Nachteilig bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung ist der große konstruktive Aufwand sowie die dynamische Dichtung an den Plungerkolben, die auch bei einwandfreier Dichtung Leckverluste aufweisen. Dadurch verschiebt sich der Hubbereich der Faltenbälge fortschreitend, was zur Zerstörung der Faltenbälge führt, falls die Leckverluste nicht ständig überprüft und durch eine Leckergänzungseinrichtung wieder dem Druckraum zugeführt werden, damit das im Druckraum eingeschlossene Flüssigkeitsvolumen immer konstant bleibt.A disadvantage of this known device is the great design effort and the dynamic seal on the plunger, which have leakage losses even with a perfect seal. As a result, the stroke range of the bellows shifts progressively, which leads to the destruction of the bellows if the leakage losses are not continuously checked and are returned to the pressure chamber by a leakage supplement device so that the liquid volume enclosed in the pressure chamber always remains constant.

Aus der DE-C- 31 28 666 ist ferner eine Vorrichtung zur Dosierung von Zweikomponentensystemen, insbesondere von Polyurethan-Komponenten bekannt, die aus drei axial hintereinander angeordneten Zylinderräumen besteht, denen jeweils ein mit einer Rollmembran belegter Kolben zugeordnet ist. Die drei Kolben sind mit einer gemeinsamen Kolbenstange verbunden. Zwei der Kolben sind als Dosierkolben für jeweils eine Komponente ausgebildet, der dritte Kolben ist erforderlich, damit der Druck in den Druckräumen der Dosierzylinder stets kleiner ist als der Druck in den Komponentenräumen, da sonst ein Abrollen der Rollmembranen auf den Dosierkolben nicht möglich ist.DE-C-31 28 666 also discloses a device for metering two-component systems, in particular polyurethane components, which consists of three cylinder spaces arranged axially one behind the other, each of which is assigned a piston covered with a rolling membrane. The three pistons are connected to a common piston rod. Two of the pistons are designed as metering pistons for one component each, the third piston is necessary so that the pressure in the pressure chambers of the metering cylinders is always lower than the pressure in the component rooms, since otherwise the rolling membranes cannot roll onto the metering pistons.

Nachteilig bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung ist sowohl der große konstruktive Aufwand als auch die oftmals nicht ausreichende chemische Beständigkeit der derzeit verfügbaren Rollmembranen gegen viele gebräuchliche Komponenten. Nachteilig ist ferner, daß das fest eingestellte Dosierverhältnis der Komponenten nur mit großem baulichen Aufwand verändert werden kann.A disadvantage of this known device is both the great design effort and the often inadequate chemical resistance of the currently available rolling membranes to many common components. Disadvantageous is also that the fixed dosage ratio of the components can only be changed with great structural effort.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht nun darin, eine Vorrichtung zum Dosieren und Mischen von fließfähigen Mehrkomponentensystemen so auszubilden, daß sie bei einfachem Aufbau und geringem Wartungsaufwand sowohl abrasivste, z.B. zur Auskristallisation neigende Materialien, als auch chemisch aggressivste Flüssigkeiten verarbeiten kann, wobei das Dosierverhältnis auf an sich bekannte Art und Weise beliebig verändert werden kann.The object of the present invention is to design a device for metering and mixing flowable multicomponent systems in such a way that it is both the most abrasive, e.g. materials that tend to crystallize, as well as chemically aggressive liquids can be processed, the dosage ratio being able to be changed as desired in a manner known per se.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Zylinderräume axial hintereinander angeordnet und die dazugehörigen Verdrängerelemente über eine Kolbenstange fest miteinander verbunden sind.This object is achieved according to the invention in a device of the type mentioned at the outset in that the cylinder spaces are arranged axially one behind the other and the associated displacement elements are firmly connected to one another via a piston rod.

Diese Vorrichtung weist also zwei oder mehrere miteinander takt- und fördersynchron gekoppelte Verdrängerelemente auf, wobei mindestens ein Vedrängerelement aus einem flexiblen Faltenbalg besteht und die übrigen Verdrängerelemente z.B. als herkömmliche Kolben ausgebildet sein können. In der Regel wird man jedoch alle Verdrängerelemente als Faltenbälge ausbilden, da sie in den meisten Fällen wesentlich preiswertere und langlebigere Konstruktionen ermöglichen als herkömmliche Kolben und Zylinder. Die Einsatzbereitschaft bzw. die Lebensdauer der Vorrichtung wird weder durch Korrosion noch durch Ablagerungen beeinträchtigt. Die Faltenbälge arbeiten völlig verschleißfrei. Selbst wenn sich während des Betriebes Ablagerungen an den Oberflächen der Faltenbälge bilden, ergeben sich daraus keine gravierenden Funktionsstörungen. Ferner brauchen bei Verwendung von Faltenbälgen die Zylinderinnenflächen nicht bearbeitet zu werden.This device therefore has two or more displacement elements which are coupled to one another in a clock-synchronized and conveyor-synchronous manner, at least one displacement element consisting of a flexible bellows and the other displacement elements can be designed, for example, as conventional pistons. As a rule, however, all displacement elements will be designed as bellows, since in most cases they enable much cheaper and more durable designs than conventional pistons and cylinders. The operational readiness or the service life of the device is not impaired by corrosion or deposits. The bellows are completely wear-free. Even if deposits form on the surfaces of the bellows during operation, there are no serious malfunctions. Furthermore, the inner surfaces of the cylinders do not need to be machined when bellows are used.

Neben der baulichen Einfachheit bietet die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung viele Vorteile in bezug auf Wartung und Betriebssicherheit. Die Dosierung der Komponenten kann diskontinuierlich erfolgen. Je nach Größe der Faltenbälge können Schußvolumina in der Größenordnung von maximal 50 l realisiert werden. Die Auffüllzeit (= Füllhub) der Komponentenräume beträgt dabei in Abhängigkeit vom Schußvolumen und der Viskosität der zu dosierenden Komponenten etwa 1 bis 100 Sekunden. Zweckmäßig ist eine automatische Steuerung des Arbeits- und Füllhubes. Bei automatischer Steuerung werden die Komponentenräume selbsttätig nach jedem Schuß aus druckgasbeladenen Vorratsbehältern wieder aufgefüllt. Die Auffüllzeiten sind bei diesem Anlagenkonzept so kurz, daß sie auch bei großen Schußvolumina im allgemeinen nicht störend wirken. Je nach Druckquelle ist ein praktisch pulsationsfreies Dosieren der Komponenten möglich, wobei mindestens ein als Faltenbalg ausgebildetes Verdrängerelement völlig leckagefrei dosiert. Grundsätzlich kann die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung jedes gewünschte Dosierverhältnis in jedem Druckbereich realisieren, da die Faltenbälge immer nur durch einen extrem niedrigen Differenzdruck belastet werden. Schließlich ist es zweckmäßig, alle Zylinderräume mit gleich großem Durchmesser auszuführen, weil so problemlos jedes beliebige Dosierverhältnis der Komponenten erzielt werden kann.In addition to the structural simplicity, the device according to the invention offers many advantages in terms of maintenance and operational safety. The components can be metered batchwise. Depending on the size of the bellows, shot volumes of up to 50 liters can be achieved. The filling time (= filling stroke) of the component spaces is about 1 to 100 seconds depending on the shot volume and the viscosity of the components to be dosed. Automatic control of the working and filling stroke is expedient. With automatic control, the component spaces are automatically refilled after each shot from compressed gas-laden storage containers. The filling times are so short with this system concept that they generally do not have a disturbing effect even with large shot volumes. Depending on the pressure source, a practically pulsation-free metering of the components is possible, with at least one displacement element designed as a bellows metering completely leak-free. In principle, the device according to the invention can implement any desired metering ratio in any pressure range, since the bellows are always loaded only by an extremely low differential pressure. Finally, it is expedient to design all the cylinder chambers with the same diameter, because any dosage ratio of the components can be achieved without any problems.

Gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung kann die Vorrichtung so ausgebildet sein, daß jeder Druckraum an die gleiche Druckquelle p2 angeschlossen ist.According to a further proposal of the invention, the device can be designed such that each pressure chamber is connected to the same pressure source p2.

Diese Ausbildung ermöglicht einen besonders einfachen Antrieb durch Druckbeaufschlagung der Verdrängerelemente mittels einer Druckquelle.This design enables a particularly simple drive by pressurizing the displacement elements by means of a pressure source.

Gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung kann die Vorrichtung so ausgebildet sein, daß der flexible Faltenbalg aus austenitischem Edelstahl besteht.According to a further proposal of the invention, the device can be designed so that the flexible bellows consists of austenitic stainless steel.

Diese Ausführungsform ist besonders dann vorteilhaft, wenn die Temperaturen der zu dosierenden Komponenten hoch sind (über 150°C), die Komponenten chemisch besonders aggressiv (z.B. flüssige Alkalimetalle) oder besonders abrasiv (z.B. flüssige Kunststoffe mit mineralischen Füllstoffen) sind.This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the temperatures of the components to be dosed are high (above 150 ° C), the components are particularly chemically aggressive (e.g. liquid alkali metals) or particularly abrasive (e.g. liquid plastics with mineral fillers).

Gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung kann die Vorrichtung so ausgebildet sein, daß der flexible Faltenbalg aus Polytetrafluoräthylen (PTFE) besteht.According to a further proposal of the invention, the device can be designed such that the flexible bellows consists of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

Die chemische Beständigkeit von Polytetrafluoräthylen überragt die aller Elastomere und sonstiger Thermoplaste. Lediglich flüssige Alkalimetalle sowie einige Fluorverbindungen greifen bei höheren Drücken und Temperaturen den Werkstoff PTFE an. Die Herstellung der Faltenbälge aus PTFE erfolgt spanlos aus vorgeformten Rohlingen, wobei man den Balg auch mit einem geschlossenen Boden ausbilden kann. Handelsübliche PTFE-Faltenbälge erreichen Lastspielzahlen von 10⁷ bis 10⁹. Die Kosten eines Faltenbalges aus PTFE sind bei gleichem Verdrängungsvolumen sehr viel niedriger als die eines Faltenbalges aus Edelstahl.The chemical resistance of polytetrafluoroethylene exceeds that of all elastomers and other thermoplastics. Only liquid alkali metals and some fluorine compounds attack the material PTFE at higher pressures and temperatures. The bellows are made of PTFE without cutting from preformed blanks, and the bellows can also be formed with a closed bottom. Commercial PTFE bellows achieve a number of cycles of 10⁷ to 10⁹. With the same displacement volume, the cost of a PTFE bellows is much lower than that of a stainless steel bellows.

Gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung kann die Vorrichtung so ausgebildet sein, daß der flexible Faltenbalg aus einem extrusions- oder spritzgeblasenen thermoplastischen Kunststoff besteht.According to a further proposal of the invention, the device can be designed such that the flexible bellows consists of an extrusion or injection-blown thermoplastic.

Die aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen durch Extrusions- oder Spritzblasen gefertigten Faltenbälge zeichnen sich durch hohe Beständigkeit gegenüber vielen Chemikalien und durch einen konkurrenzlos niedrigen Preis im Vergleich zu allen anderen Faltenbalg-Ausführungsformen aus. Sie können daher als billige Wegwerfteile angesehen werden, die bei geringem Aufwand ausgetauscht werden können, um z.B. Komponentenablagerungen zu entfernen oder das fest eingestellte Dosierverhältnis der Komponenten zu verändern. In der Regel wird man den Faltenbalg mit einem geschlossenen Boden ausbilden, so daß das Verdrängerelement nur noch aus einem Bauteil besteht. Eine zweiteilige Ausführung mit getrennt hergestelltem Boden empfiehlt sich nur dann, wenn handelsübliche Faltenbälge eingesetzt werden sollen (z.B. für Kleinserien).The bellows made of thermoplastic materials by extrusion or injection blow molding are characterized by high resistance to many chemicals and by an unrivaled low price compared to all other bellows designs. They can therefore be regarded as cheap disposable parts that can be replaced with little effort, for example to remove component deposits or the fixed dosage ratio of To change components. As a rule, the bellows will be designed with a closed bottom, so that the displacement element consists of only one component. A two-part version with a separately manufactured base is only recommended if standard bellows are to be used (e.g. for small series).

Im folgenden Teil der Beschreibung wird die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels rein schematisch dargestellt und nachstehend näher beschrieben. Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel betrifft eine Vorrichtung in Niederdruck-Ausführung für eine diskontinuierliche Zweikomponenten-Dosierung.In the following part of the description, the device according to the invention is illustrated purely schematically using an exemplary embodiment and is described in more detail below. This exemplary embodiment relates to a device in a low-pressure version for discontinuous two-component metering.

Die Fig. zeigt ein besonders einfaches Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, in der die Vorrichtung in Zweikomponentenausführung mit zwei axial hintereinander angeordneten Zylinderräumen und jeweils einem dazugehörigen Faltenbalg und einer angeschlossenen Mischkammer sowie zwei Vorratsbehältern für die beiden Komponenten ausgebildet ist, wobei der Dosierhub durch pneumatische Druckbeaufschlagung der Faltenbälge im Niederdruckbereich erfolgt.The Fig. Shows a particularly simple embodiment of the invention, in which the device in two-component design with two axially successively arranged cylinder chambers and each with an associated bellows and a connected mixing chamber and two storage containers for the two components is formed, the metering stroke by pneumatic pressure application of the bellows in the low pressure range.

Die dargestellte Vorrichtung besteht im wesentlichen aus zwei axial hintereinander angeordneten Zylinderräumen 1, 2 mit darin befindlichen Faltenbälgen 3, 4, die über eine Kolbenstange 5 fest miteinander verbunden sind und die die Zylinderräume 1, 2 in jeweils einen Komponentenraum 6, 7 und in einen Druckraum 8, 9 unterteilen. Weiterhin hat die Vorrichtung zwei über jeweils ein Rückschlagventil 10, 11 mit den Komponentenräumen 6, 7 verbundene Vorratsbehälter 12, 13 sowie eine Mischkammer 14, die an den Komponentenraum 6 direkt und an den Komponentenraum 7 über ein Rückschlagventil 15 und an eine Druckluftleitung 16 angeschlossen ist.The device shown consists essentially of two axially successively arranged cylinder spaces 1, 2 with bellows 3, 4 located therein, which are firmly connected to one another via a piston rod 5 and which each of the cylinder spaces 1, 2 in a component space 6, 7 and in a pressure space Divide 8, 9. Furthermore, the device has two storage containers 12, 13, each of which is connected to the component spaces 6, 7 via a check valve 10, 11, and a mixing chamber 14, which is connected directly to the component space 6 and to the component space 7 via a check valve 15 and to a compressed air line 16 .

Die Zylinderräume 1, 2 sind mit gleich großem Durchmesser ausgeführt, so daß durch Austausch des Faltenbalges 4 jedes beliebige Dosierverhältnis erzielt werden kann. Die hier verwendeten Faltenbälge 3, 4 sind lagergängige PTFE-Spitzfaltenbälge gleicher Baulänge mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern entsprechend dem gewünschten Dosierverhältnis, deren Böden 17, 18 aus Stahlblech bestehen und die über geteilte Stahlflansche 19, 20, 21, 22 an den Zylinderdeckeln 23, 24 und den Böden 17, 18 durch Schrauben befestigt sind, wobei unter den Schrauben Federelemente oder federnde Elastomer-Einlagen zwischen Stahlflansch 19, 20, 21, 22 und Faltenbalg-Flansch 25, 26, 27, 28 zu verwenden sind, um eine wirksame Abdichtung zwischen Komponentenraum 6, 7 und Druckraum 8, 9 zu erreichen.The cylinder spaces 1, 2 are designed with the same diameter, so that any dosage ratio can be achieved by exchanging the bellows 4. The bellows 3, 4 used here are stockable PTFE pointed bellows of the same overall length with different diameters according to the desired dosage ratio, the bottoms 17, 18 of which are made of sheet steel and which have divided steel flanges 19, 20, 21, 22 on the cylinder covers 23, 24 and Floors 17, 18 are fastened by screws, whereby spring elements or resilient elastomer inserts between the steel flange 19, 20, 21, 22 and bellows flange 25, 26, 27, 28 are to be used under the screws in order to provide an effective seal between the component space 6 , 7 and pressure chamber 8, 9 to reach.

Die Kolbenstange 5, die nur durch den Druck p₂, der auf ihrer Querschnittsfläche lastet, beansprucht wird, ist entsprechend leicht gebaut und in zwei Kolbenstangenführungen 29, 30 aus PTFE gelagert und jeweils durch eine selbstspannende PTFE-Manschettenpackung 31, 32 zwischen dem Druckraum 8 bzw. dem Komponentenraum 7 und Atmosphäre abgedichtet.The piston rod 5, which is only claimed by the pressure p₂, which is loaded on its cross-sectional area, is correspondingly light in construction and is supported in two piston rod guides 29, 30 made of PTFE and each by means of a self-tightening PTFE sleeve packing 31, 32 between the pressure chamber 8 and the component room 7 and atmosphere sealed.

Die Rückschlagventile 10, 11, 15 sind ohne Federbelastung ausgeführt, wodurch ein extrem niedriger Öffnungsdruck möglich wird. Diese Ventile 10, 11, 15 schließen lediglich unter dem Eigengewicht der Ventilkugeln 33, 34, 35, was beim Einbau allerdings eine senkrechte Einbaulage unbedingt erforderlich macht.The check valves 10, 11, 15 are designed without spring loading, which enables an extremely low opening pressure. These valves 10, 11, 15 only close under the dead weight of the valve balls 33, 34, 35, which, however, makes a vertical installation position absolutely necessary during installation.

Die Komponentenzuführung zur Mischkammer 14 erfolgt über Schlauchleitungen 36, 37, 16, wobei sich an der Mischkammer 14 zwei Absperrventile 38, 39 befinden, die zweckmäßigerweise als pneumatisch betätigte Kolbenschieber ausgebildet sind.The components are supplied to the mixing chamber 14 via hose lines 36, 37, 16, two shut-off valves 38, 39 being located on the mixing chamber 14, which are expediently designed as pneumatically actuated piston spools.

Für die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Druckniveau in den Druckräumen 8, 9 und den Komponentenräumen 6, 7 bei allen Betriebszuständen der Vorrichtung nahezu gleich ist. Diese Bedingung wird bei der Vorrichtung nach der Zeichnung besonders einfach durch Druckluftbeladung der Druckräume 8, 9 und der Vorratsbehälter 12, 13 erfüllt, wobei die Drücke p₁ und p₃ mit p₁ < p₃ auf konstantem Druckniveau gehalten werden und der Druck p₂ beim Arbeitshub auf p₃ angehoben und beim Füllhub auf p₁ abgesenkt wird. Dabei ist zu beachten, daß in den Hubendpunkten der Faltenbälge 3, 4 der Differenzdruck zwischen den Komponentenräumen 6, 7 und den Druckräumen 8, 9 nicht unzulässig hoch ansteigt. Konstruktiv läßt sich diese Forderung mit relativ wenig baulichem Aufwand durch den Einsatz von pneumatischen Steuerventilen (ohne Abb.) realisieren, die z.B. von einem Faltenbalgboden 17, 18 oder der Kolbenstange 5 am Hubende mechanisch betätigt werden und daraufhin die Absperrventile 38, 39 schließen bzw. das Druckniveau p₂ der Komponentenräume 6, 7 bzw. der Druckräume 8, 9 auf p₃ anheben bzw. auf p₁ absenken. Diese Steuerventile verhindern damit sowohl ein völliges Einfahren der Faltenbälge 3, 4 auf die sogenannte Blocklänge und ein völliges Ausfahren der Faltenbalgböden 17 bzw. 18 gegen die Kolbenstangen führung 29 bzw. den Zylinderdeckel 24 als auch unzulässig hohe Differenzdrücke zwischen den Komponentenräumen 6, 7 und den Druckräumen 8, 9 in den Hubendpunkten.For the device according to the invention, it is advantageous if the pressure level in the pressure rooms 8, 9 and the component rooms 6, 7 is almost the same for all operating states of the device is equal to. This condition is particularly easily met in the device according to the drawing by compressed air loading of the pressure chambers 8, 9 and the reservoir 12, 13, the pressures p₁ and p₃ being kept at a constant pressure level with p₁ <p₃ and the pressure p₂ being raised to p₃ during the working stroke and is lowered to p 1 during the filling stroke. It should be noted that in the stroke end points of the bellows 3, 4, the differential pressure between the component spaces 6, 7 and the pressure spaces 8, 9 does not rise to an impermissibly high level. In terms of design, this requirement can be met with relatively little structural effort by using pneumatic control valves (not shown), which are mechanically actuated, for example, by a bellows base 17, 18 or the piston rod 5 at the end of the stroke and then close the shut-off valves 38, 39 or raise the pressure level p₂ of the component rooms 6, 7 or the pressure rooms 8, 9 to p₃ or lower it to p₁. These control valves thus prevent both a complete retraction of the bellows 3, 4 to the so-called block length and a complete extension of the bellows bottoms 17 and 18 against the piston rod guide 29 and the cylinder cover 24 as well as impermissibly high differential pressures between the component spaces 6, 7 and the Pressure rooms 8, 9 in the stroke end points.

Der Dosierhub kann beginnen, wenn die beiden Absperrventile 38, 39, die sich an der Mischkammer 14 befinden, gleichzeitig geöffnet werden. Da der Druck p₁ in den Vorratsbehältern 12, 13 kleiner ist als der Druck in den Komponentenräumen 6, 7, sind die Rückschlagventile 10, 11 geschlossen. Da das Druckniveau in dem Komponentenraum 7 dem in der zur Mischkammer 14 führenden Druckluftleitung 16 entspricht (p₂ = p₃), ist das Rückschlagventil 15 geöffnet. Durch die geöffneten Absperrventile 38, 39 strömen nun die direkt der Mischkammer 14 zugeführte Komponente 40 und die in der Druckluftleitung 16 befindliche Druckluft 41 in die Mischkammer 14. Durch die Verdrängung der Komponente 40 aus dem Komponentenraum 6 setzt sich der Faltenbalg 3 mit der Kolbenstange 5 in Bewegung. Dadurch fördert der Faltenbalg 4 synchron die Komponente 42 aus dem Komponentenraum 7 über das geöffnete Rückschlagventil 15 in die Druckluftleitung 16, wobei die der Druckluft 41 zugeführte Komponente 42 durch die strömende Druckluft 41 in die Mischkammer 14 hineingedrückt und dort mit der direkt der Mischkammer 14 zugeführten Komponente 40 vermischt wird. Der Dosierhub kann durch gleichzeitiges Schließen der beiden Absperrventile 38, 39 jederzeit unterbrochen werden.The metering stroke can begin when the two shut-off valves 38, 39 located on the mixing chamber 14 are opened at the same time. Since the pressure p 1 in the storage containers 12, 13 is less than the pressure in the component spaces 6, 7, the check valves 10, 11 are closed. Since the pressure level in the component space 7 corresponds to that in the compressed air line 16 leading to the mixing chamber 14 (p₂ = p₃), the check valve 15 is open. Through the opened shut-off valves 38, 39, the component 40 fed directly to the mixing chamber 14 and the compressed air 41 located in the compressed air line 16 now flow into the mixing chamber 14. Due to the displacement of the component 40 from the component space 6, the bellows 3 with the piston rod 5 settles moving. As a result, the bellows 4 synchronously conveys the component 42 from the component space 7 via the open check valve 15 into the compressed air line 16, the component 42 supplied to the compressed air 41 being pressed into the mixing chamber 14 by the flowing compressed air 41 and being fed there directly to the mixing chamber 14 Component 40 is mixed. The metering stroke can be interrupted at any time by simultaneously closing the two shut-off valves 38, 39.

Das Füllen der Komponentenräume 6, 7 erfolgt aus den Vorratsbehältern 12, 13 durch Absenken des Druckes p₂ in den Druckräumen 8, 9 auf den Druck p₁, der in den Vorratsbehältern 12, 13 durch Druckluftbeladung über fest eingestellte Druckminderer (ohne Abb.) immer auf konstantem Druckniveau gehalten wird. Gleichermaßen wird der Druck p₃ in der zur Mischkammer 14 führenden Druckluftleitung 16 auf einem fest eingestellten, im Vergleich zu p₁ höheren Druckniveau, immer konstant gehalten. Die Rückschlagventile 10, 11 zwischen den Vorratsbehältern 12, 13 und den Komponentenräumen 6, 7, die aufgrund der während des Dosierhubes bestehenden Druckdifferenz geschlossen waren, öffnen, sobald der Druck p₂ in den Druckräumen 8, 9 auf den Druck p₁ abgesenkt worden ist. Aufgrund des jetzt entstandenen Differenzdruckes zwischen der zur Mischkammer 14 führenden Druckluftleitung 16 und dem Komponentenraum 7 schließt gleichzeitig das Rückschlagventil 15. Die Komponenten 40, 42 fließen nun aus den Vorratsbehältern 12, 13 über die geöffneten Rückschlagventile 10, 11 bei nahezu gleichem Druck in die Komponentenräume 6, 7. Um die Faltenbälge 3, 4 mit der daran befestigten Kolbenstange 5 in den Lagern 29, 30 und den Manschettenpackungen 31, 32 axial zu bewegen, werden nur extrem niedrige Differenzdrücke (Größenordnung: 0,01 bis 0,1 bar) benötigt, die für die hier verwendeten Faltenbälge 3, 4 völlig unschädlich sind. Sobald der maximale Hubendpunkt der Faltenbälge 3, 4 erreicht ist, wird der Druck p₂ in den Druckräumen 8, 9 wieder auf den Arbeitsdruck p₂ = p₃ erhöht. Gleichzeitig schließen die Rückschlagventile 10, 11 zwischen den Vorratsbehältern 12, 13 und den Komponentenräumen 6, 7 und öffnet das Rückschlagventil 15 zwischen dem Komponentenraum 7 und der Druckluftleitung 16. Die Vorrichtung steht nun für einen neuen Dosierhub zur Verfügung.The filling of the component rooms 6, 7 takes place from the storage containers 12, 13 by lowering the pressure p₂ in the pressure rooms 8, 9 to the pressure p₁, which is always in the storage containers 12, 13 by compressed air loading via permanently set pressure reducers (not shown) constant pressure level is maintained. Likewise, the pressure p₃ in the compressed air line 16 leading to the mixing chamber 14 is always kept constant at a fixed, in comparison to p₁ higher pressure level. The check valves 10, 11 between the reservoirs 12, 13 and the component spaces 6, 7, which were closed due to the pressure difference existing during the metering stroke, open as soon as the pressure p₂ in the pressure spaces 8, 9 has been reduced to the pressure p₁. Because of the differential pressure that has now arisen between the compressed air line 16 leading to the mixing chamber 14 and the component space 7, the check valve 15 closes at the same time. The components 40, 42 now flow from the storage containers 12, 13 via the opened check valves 10, 11 into the component spaces at almost the same pressure 6, 7. In order to move the bellows 3, 4 with the piston rod 5 attached to them in the bearings 29, 30 and the sleeve packs 31, 32 axially, only extremely low differential pressures (order of magnitude: 0.01 to 0.1 bar) are required which are completely harmless for the bellows 3, 4 used here. As soon as the maximum stroke end point of the bellows 3, 4 is reached, the pressure p₂ in the pressure chambers 8, 9 is increased again to the working pressure p₂ = p₃. At the same time, the check valves close 10, 11 between the storage containers 12, 13 and the component spaces 6, 7 and opens the check valve 15 between the component space 7 and the compressed air line 16. The device is now available for a new metering stroke.

Claims (5)

1. Device for metering and mixing systems of multiple fluid components, especially polyurethane systems, with at least one cylindrical chamber (1, 2) arranged in a cylindrical housing for each component, with one displacing element each (3, 4), coupled synchronously in stroke and feed, in each cylindrical chamber, whereby each cylindrical chamber (1, 2) is subdivided by the displacing element (3, 4) into a component chamber (6, 7) and a pressure chamber (8, 9), and at each component chamber (6, 7) a feed line supplying the specific component under pressure is connected with at least one displacement element (3, 4) designed as expansion bellows, one end of which is closed and rests against the cylindrical housing, and the other end of which is closed by a base (17, 18), and with a mixing chamber (14), with which the component chambers (6, 7) are connected, characterised in that the cylinder chambers (1, 2) are arranged axially in series and that the associated displacing elements (3, 4) are firmly joined together via a piston rod (5).
2. Device in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that each pressure chamber (8, 9) is connected to the same pressure source p2.
3. Device in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the flexible expansion bellows (3, 4) are made of austenitic special steel.
4. Device in accordance with claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the flexible expansion bellows (3 and 4) are made of polytetrafluor ethylene (PTFE).
5. Device in accordance with claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the flexible expansion bellows (3 and 4) are made of an extruded or injection-moulded thermoplastic material.
EP87902376A 1986-04-08 1987-04-04 Device for metering and mixing systems of multiple fluid components Expired - Lifetime EP0301016B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87902376T ATE61946T1 (en) 1986-04-08 1987-04-04 DEVICE FOR DOSING AND MIXING OF FLOWABLE MULTI-COMPONENT SYSTEMS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3611728A DE3611728C1 (en) 1986-04-08 1986-04-08 Device for dosing and mixing flowable multi-component systems
DE3611728 1986-04-08

Publications (2)

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EP0301016A1 EP0301016A1 (en) 1989-02-01
EP0301016B1 true EP0301016B1 (en) 1991-03-27

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EP (1) EP0301016B1 (en)
AU (1) AU7232287A (en)
DE (2) DE3611728C1 (en)
WO (1) WO1987006154A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR100377304B1 (en) * 1994-07-19 2003-06-09 어플라이드 케미컬 솔루션즈, 인크. Apparatus and methods used in chemical-mechanical polishing processes
DE19618591A1 (en) * 1996-05-09 1997-11-13 Micafil Vakuumtechnik Ag Device for conveying metered amounts of at least two flowable components of a reactive mass
DE19819271A1 (en) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-11 Guenther Kramb Dosing device for an emulsifying system
BE1026239B1 (en) * 2018-04-26 2019-11-26 Soudal Apparatus and method for producing and dispensing a reaction mixture therewith

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2788953A (en) * 1954-02-11 1957-04-16 Cayton Inc Automatic proportional metering, mixing, and dispensing system
US3100451A (en) * 1961-01-24 1963-08-13 Alexander S Limpert Proportioning pump
US3524714A (en) * 1968-10-30 1970-08-18 Us Air Force Pneumatic bellows pump
US3836335A (en) * 1973-06-01 1974-09-17 Corning Glass Works Reagent storage and dispensing system
US4060178A (en) * 1974-05-10 1977-11-29 Miller Mfg. Co. Of Schiller Park, Inc. Metering pump
US4132483A (en) * 1975-01-17 1979-01-02 Kimball International, Inc. Molding machine with proportional dispensing
DE2910798C2 (en) * 1979-03-20 1985-05-02 Meinz, Willi, 5100 Aachen Device for polyurethane foaming
DE3128666C2 (en) * 1981-07-20 1984-07-05 Hans Willi 5100 Aachen Meinz Device for dosing two-component systems

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DE3611728C1 (en) 1987-04-16
AU7232287A (en) 1987-11-09
WO1987006154A1 (en) 1987-10-22
EP0301016A1 (en) 1989-02-01
DE3768952D1 (en) 1991-05-02

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