EP0299466A1 - Separator with movable receptacles - Google Patents
Separator with movable receptacles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0299466A1 EP0299466A1 EP88111287A EP88111287A EP0299466A1 EP 0299466 A1 EP0299466 A1 EP 0299466A1 EP 88111287 A EP88111287 A EP 88111287A EP 88111287 A EP88111287 A EP 88111287A EP 0299466 A1 EP0299466 A1 EP 0299466A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- columns
- disk
- casing
- receptacles
- receptacle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108010093096 Immobilized Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 241000533293 Sesbania emerus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/02—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor with moving adsorbents
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to separators and more particularly, to a system employing a plurality of receptacles in which separation and isolation, for instance, of solid and liquid components one from another is continuously carried out.
- a wide variety of separators have hitherto been proposed to absorb a certain constituent of a mixture by means of absorbent or dissolve certain constituents of a mixture by means of a liquid with solvent properties for one of the constituents only.
- Japanese patent publication No. 56-15820 laid-open on February 16, 1981, discloses a separator including an annular casing adapted to receive a receptacle therein.
- the receptacle has a plurality of chambers in which carbon molecular sieves are contained. When air under pressure is introduced into one of the chambers, only oxygen is absorbed into the carbon molecular sieve, whereas nitrogen is discharged from the chamber. The separation of air or concentration of oxygen from the air is continuously effected while the casing is being rotated by a motor.
- a similar separator is also disclosed in Japanese patent publication No. 54-138869, laid-open on October 27, 1979. These prior art separators, however, require a considerable floor space.
- Japanese patent publication No. 59-74993 laid-open on April 27, 1984, uses a plurality of receptacles housed in a casing and having a net structure. Each of the receptacles has immobilized enzyme for fermentation reaction and is moved in the casing in its longitudinal direction.
- This prior art apparatus not only consumes a large floor space, but also requires large seals.
- Japanese patent publication No. 56-45727 laid-open on April 25, 1981, employs a plurality of receptacles or units in which suitable absorbent is contained, the units being arranged one above the other in a colume.
- exhaust gas for instance, is introduced into the column through an inlet, sulfer oxides (SOx) are absorbed into the absorbent.
- SOx sulfer oxides
- the lowermost unit is then removed from the colume, and the new column is superposed on the uppermost column.
- the separator must be stopped once. This results in an inefficient operation.
- a separator comprising a central casing including an upper disk and a lower disk, both disks having a plurality of openings, and a plurality of columns extending between the upper and lower disks and communicatable with the plurality of openings, an upper casing including a disk placed in contact with the upper disk of the central casing and having a plurality of openings, and a plurality columns extending upwardly from the upper surface of the disk and communicatable with the plurality of columns of the central casing, a lower casing including a disk placed in contact with the lower disk of the central casing and having a plurality of openings, and a plurality of columns extending downwardly from the lower surface of the disk and communicatable with the plurality of columns of the central casing, a plurality of receptacles disposed within the plurality of columns, means for moving the receptacles through the plurality of columns, and means for rotating the upper and lower casings about a central axis thereof.
- the separator 1 generally includes a fixed central housing or casing 2.
- the casing 2 includes an upper disk 3 and a lower disk 4, both disks having two diametrically opposite apertures 3a and 4a, respectively.
- Disposed between the upper disk 3 and the lower disk 4 are two cylindrical tubes or hollow columns 5, each column 5 having at its lower end two diametrically opposite bosses 6 through which two radial holes 7 extend.
- a suitable number of cylindrical units or receptacles 8 are axially movable within the columns 5.
- Each of the receptacles 8 has screens 9 at near its opposite ends to define a chamber 10 in which absorbent or other agent is contained.
- each of the holders 11 includes a pair of cylinders 12 disposed adjacent the column 5.
- Each cylinder 12 has a rod 13 which extends through the radial hole 7 into a recess 14 formed in the outer peripheral surface of the column 5 so as to hold the receptacles 8 in position.
- the receptacles 8 in the columns 5 are each four in number, and the overall height of these four receptacles 8 is substantially equal to that of the column 5 of the central casing 2.
- the receptacle 8 has two diametrically opposite openings 15 which are in communication with corresponding ports 17 of the column 5.
- an upper rotary casing 20 includes a disk 21 held in contact with the upper surface of the upper disk 3 of the casing 2 and hermetically sealed by O-rings 22.
- the disk 21 has two diametrically opposite apertures 21a and at its center a fixed shaft 23 journaled in the upper disk 3 of the casing 2 through a bearing assembly 24 and connected to a motor 25.
- the upper rotary casing 20 is rotated about the shaft 23.
- Two columns 26 extend upwardly from the upper surface of the disk 21. Each of these two columns 26 has an upper end closed by a cover 27 and a lower end held in communication with the aperture 21a.
- Each cover 27 has a port 28 through which suitable fluid is introduced into the casing.
- the port 28 is connected through a rotary joint 29 to a source of fluid as at S.
- the two columns 26 are communicated with the two columns 5 through the apertures 3a of the upper disk 3 and the apertures 21a of the disk 21.
- the columns 26 are each sized to receive one receptacle therewithin.
- a lower rotary casing 30 includes a disk 31 held in contact with the lower surface of the lower disk 4 and hermetically sealed by O-rings 32.
- the disk 31 has two diametrically opposite apertures 31a and at its center a fixed shaft 33 journaled in the lower disk 4 of the central casing 2 through a bearing assembly 34 and connected to a motor 35.
- the lower rotary casing 30 is rotated about the shaft 33.
- Two columns 36 extend downwardly from the lower surface of the disk 31. Each column 36 has an upper end held in communication with the aperture 31a and a lower end closed by a cover 37.
- the columns 36 are each communicated with the columns 5 through the apertures 4a of the lower disk 4 and the apertures 31a of the disk 31.
- the columns 36 are each sized to receive one receptacle therewithin.
- Fit within each column 36 is a support disk or plate 40 having a rod 41 which extends downwardly through an aperture 37a of the cover 37.
- Two lifters 43 in the form of a cylinder are located under the columns 36 and have rods 44. Extension of the rod 44, thus, causes the support plate 40 to move upwardly, whereas retraction of the rod 44 causes reverse or downward movement of the support plate 40.
- a controller 50 is connected to control the motors 25, 35 as well as to the power cylinders 11, 43 through suitable valve assemblies 52, 54, respectively.
- the controller 50 is of conventional structure and will not be explained further.
- FIGS. 6 through 10 in which ten receptacles 8A to 8J are circulated through the system 1.
- the rod 44 of the cylinder 43 (right) is extended to raise the support plate 40 until the top surface of the support plate 40 is brought into contact with the bottom of the receptacle 8E.
- the holders 11 are, then, enabled to retract the rods 13, so that the receptacles 8A to 8E are all supported by the support plate 40.
- the rod 44 is lowered to place the receptacle 8E within the column 36, and the rods 13 are extended into the recesses 14 of the receptacle 8D to hold the remaining four receptacles 8A to 8D in position in the column 5 (see FIG. 8).
- the rod 44 of the lifter 43 is further lowered to place the receptacle 8E at the bottom of the column 36, and then disengaged from the rod 41 of the support plate 40 (see FIG. 9).
- the motor 25 is actuated in a controlled manner to rotate the upper casing 20 through 180°, for instance in a clockwise direction, to place the receptacle 8J on the receptacle 8A.
- the motor 35 is also actuated in a controlled manner to rotate the lower casing 30 through 180° in the same direction to move the receptacle 8E below the receptacle 8F (see FIG. 10). This operation is continuously effected so as to circulate the receptacles 8A to 8J through the columns 5, 26 and 36.
- the lower disk 4 of the central casing 2 may include an opening 4a through which the receptacles 8 are removed from the system 1 or new receptacles are supplied into the system 1.
- This arrangement is advantageous in that absorbent or other agent is readily exchangeable.
- ports 128, in place of the ports 28, may be formed in the upper portion of the columns 5.
- the ports 128 can be directly connected to a source of fluid S, and provision of the rotary joint 29 is no longer necessary. But, additional openings 115 are required in the upper portion of the columns 8 to communicate with the ports 128.
- FIGS. 13 through 16 show modifications of the receptacle shown in FIG. 1.
- a receptacle 108 may be formed by a plurality of rings 110 connected by a plurality of vertical members 112.
- a bag (not shown) in the form of a net is placed within the receptacle 108, and absorbent or other agent is contained therein.
- a receptacle 208 may be constituted by two different parts: an upper section 210 in which a chamber 212 is defined to contain absorbent or other agent therein, and a lower section 214 having openings 215 through which fluid flows (see FIG. 14). As shown in FIGS.
- a receptacle 308 may include a vertical central shaft 310, an upper ring 312 surrounding near the upper end of the shaft 310 and connected thereto through a plurality of radial members 314, and a lower ring 316 surrounding near the lower end of the shaft 310 and connected to the shaft 310 through a plurality of radial members (not shown).
- Screens 320, 322 are attached to the upper and lower rings 312 and 316, respectively.
- a sheet 324 made, for example, of Teflon (TM), surrounds the rings 312 and 316 to define a chamber 326 in which absorbent or other agent is contained. This sheet 324 serves not only as a seal, but also as a lubricant.
- a plurality of receptacles 408 in the column 5 are similar in structure, but slightly larger than the upper section 210 of the receptacle 208.
- the receptacles 408 provide larger volume of chambers.
- fluid may flow out of the system through passages 443 formed in support plates 440 and ports 445 formed in covers 437.
- FIGS. 18 through 24 schematically show the system in use.
- suitable absorbent such as activated carbon or ion exchanger is contained in the receptacles 8 which are circulated through the columns in a direction as indicated by the arrow A.
- absorption takes place in the left-hand columns whereas desorption takes place in the right-hand columns.
- a sample in liquid form is first introduced into the system through the port 28 in the left-hand column 26. Specific component or groups of components are then absorbed into the absorbent, and the liquid sample flows out of the system through the port 17 in the left-hand column 5.
- the absorbent in the receptacles 8 is moved to the right-hand columns and is brought into contact with desorbent liquid which is introduced into the right-hand column 5 through its port 17. As a result, the absorbed component or components are removed from the absorbent and collected the port 28 of the right-hand column 26.
- the receptacles 8 is moved from the left-hand column to the top of the right-hand column, some of the non-absorbed components still remain in the receptacle. To this end, as shown in FIG. 19, after the absorbed component or components are collected through an outlet O1, the receptacle is stopped for a while or slowed, so that the non-absorbed components may be returned to the left-hand columns with the disorbent liquid.
- sample liquid includes two different components J, K, the component J being greater in absorptivity than the component K.
- the component K is, thus, movable faster than the component J while the sample liquid flows through the left-hand column 5. If the receptacles 8 are moved upwards in the left-hand column faster than the component J, but slower than the component K, then the component J is absorbed into the absorbent and transferred to the right-hand column, whereas the component K is discharged from the left-hand column through an outlet O2. Absorbed component or components in the receptacle as transferred to the top of the right-hand column are then brought into contact with desorbent liquid introduced into the right-hand column 5 through the port 17 and collected through an outlet O3. At this time, non-absorbed components in the same receptacle are returned to the left-hand column with the desorbent liquid.
- coffee beans for instance, are contained in the receptacles 8 which are circulated through the columns. Used coffee beans must be replaced with the new coffee beans. To this end, the receptacles 8 can be removed from and again supplied to the columns through the opening 4a as shown in FIG. 11 so as to effect such replacement.
- extracting liquid such as hot water and the like, with solvent properties for one of the constituents only is introduced into the left-hand column through the port 28, specific constituent is dissolved and carried out of the system through the port 28 of the right-hand column 26.
- immobilized enzyme for instance, is contained in the receptacles 8 which are circulated through the columns in a direction as indicated by the arrow A.
- reactive liquid is introduced into the left-hand columns and is contacted with the immobilized enzyme in the receptacles 8
- reaction product is produced and then collected from the system through the port 17.
- specific liquid is introduced into the columns thorugh the port 17 so as to activate the immobilized enzyme in the receptacles 8.
- FIG. 23 if additional reactive liquid is supplied to the left-hand column 5 through a plurality of inlets I, more reaction product is obtainable.
- FIG. 19 four of the system (only three are shown) as shown in FIG. 19 may be combined to successively separate four different components or constituents L, M, N and P.
- FIG. 25 shows a modified form of the rotary joint.
- the rotary joint 70 includes an upper disk 71 having two vertically extending passageways 72, 73, and a lower disk 74 having two vertically extending passageways 75, 76.
- the passageways 72, 73 are in communication with the passageways 75, 76, respectively.
- the passageways 72, 73 are then brought into communication with the passageways 76, 75, respectively.
- two different fluids may be used, one flowing through one of the columns 5 while the other flowing through the other column.
- FIG. 26 shows a modified form of the lower casing.
- Pistons 80 are fit within columns 81 (only one is shown).
- Each column 81 has at its buttom an opening 82 connected to a hydraulic circuit 83.
- the hydraulic circuit 83 has a valve assembly 84 which is, in turn, controllably operated by the controller 50.
- FIGS. 27, 29 and 30 Alternative forms of the invention are shown in FIGS. 27, 29 and 30 wherein parts similar to those shown in FIG. 1 are identified with the same reference numerals.
- one of the lifters 43 is operatively connected to one of the columns 26 of the upper casing 20 within which the receptacles are moved downwards.
- This arrangement is advantageous particularly when a suitable number of O-rings 86 (see FIG. 28) are fit in the outer peripheral surface of each receptacle 8 whereby the receptacle 8 may not be moved downwards by its own weight due to friction.
- a vertical shaft 90 extends from the disk 21 of the upper casing 20 to the disk 31 of the lower casing 30 and has a lower end connected to the motor 35.
- the system includes a fixed central casing 502 having upper and lower disks 503, 504 between which six circumferentially equally spaced columns 505 extend.
- a rotary upper casing 520 has a disk 521 placed in contact with the upper disk 503 of the central casing 502, and six circumferentially equally spaced columns 526 communicatable with the six columns 505.
- a rotary lower casing 530 has a disk 531 placed in contact with the lower disk 504 of the central casing 502, and six circumferentially equally spaced columns 536 communicatable with the columns 505.
- the upper and lower casings 520, 530 are rotatable through 60° each time drive means (not shown) is actuated.
- the receptacles are first moved upwards in the column, transferred to the adjacent column, and then moved downwards. The receptacles are eventually circulated through all the columns.
- the receptacles are circulated through two adjacent columns only. In the latter example, three different separations are possible.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention generally relates to separators and more particularly, to a system employing a plurality of receptacles in which separation and isolation, for instance, of solid and liquid components one from another is continuously carried out.
- A wide variety of separators have hitherto been proposed to absorb a certain constituent of a mixture by means of absorbent or dissolve certain constituents of a mixture by means of a liquid with solvent properties for one of the constituents only.
- Japanese patent publication No. 56-15820, laid-open on February 16, 1981, discloses a separator including an annular casing adapted to receive a receptacle therein. The receptacle has a plurality of chambers in which carbon molecular sieves are contained. When air under pressure is introduced into one of the chambers, only oxygen is absorbed into the carbon molecular sieve, whereas nitrogen is discharged from the chamber. The separation of air or concentration of oxygen from the air is continuously effected while the casing is being rotated by a motor. A similar separator is also disclosed in Japanese patent publication No. 54-138869, laid-open on October 27, 1979. These prior art separators, however, require a considerable floor space.
- Japanese patent publication No. 59-74993, laid-open on April 27, 1984, uses a plurality of receptacles housed in a casing and having a net structure. Each of the receptacles has immobilized enzyme for fermentation reaction and is moved in the casing in its longitudinal direction. This prior art apparatus not only consumes a large floor space, but also requires large seals.
- Japanese patent publication No. 56-45727, laid-open on April 25, 1981, employs a plurality of receptacles or units in which suitable absorbent is contained, the units being arranged one above the other in a colume. When exhaust gas, for instance, is introduced into the column through an inlet, sulfer oxides (SOx) are absorbed into the absorbent. The lowermost unit is then removed from the colume, and the new column is superposed on the uppermost column. When such exchange of units takes place, the separator must be stopped once. This results in an inefficient operation.
- It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide a separator with movable receptacles, which enables continuous and efficient separation.
- According to the present invention, there is provided a separator comprising a central casing including an upper disk and a lower disk, both disks having a plurality of openings, and a plurality of columns extending between the upper and lower disks and communicatable with the plurality of openings, an upper casing including a disk placed in contact with the upper disk of the central casing and having a plurality of openings, and a plurality columns extending upwardly from the upper surface of the disk and communicatable with the plurality of columns of the central casing, a lower casing including a disk placed in contact with the lower disk of the central casing and having a plurality of openings, and a plurality of columns extending downwardly from the lower surface of the disk and communicatable with the plurality of columns of the central casing, a plurality of receptacles disposed within the plurality of columns, means for moving the receptacles through the plurality of columns, and means for rotating the upper and lower casings about a central axis thereof.
- The invention will now be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- FIG. 1 is a vertical section of a separator with movable receptacles according to the present invention;
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, showing the lower disk of a central casing;
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the lower portion of a column of the central casing of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 1;
- Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line V-V of FIG. 1;
- FIGS. 6 through 10 show the manner in which the receptacles are circulated through the system;
- FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but showing a modified form of the lower disk;
- FIG. 12 is a view similar to FIG. 3, but showing a modified form of the column;
- FIGS. 13 through 15 show various modifications of the receptacle shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 16 is a plan view of the receptacle shown in FIG. 15;
- FIG. 17 is an enlarged sectional view of a lower casing in modified form;
- FIGS. 18 through 24 are schematic views of the system in use;
- FIG. 25 is an enlarged view of a modification of a valve assembly shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 26 is an enlarged sectional view showing a portion of the lower casing in alternative form;
- FIGS. 27 and 29 are alternative forms of the system shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 28 is an enlarged sectional view of the receptacle with O-rings; and
- FIG. 30 is an alternative form of the system shown in FIG. 1.
- ith reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, there is shown a separator constructed according to the present invention and generally indicated at 1. The separator 1 generally includes a fixed central housing or
casing 2. Thecasing 2 includes anupper disk 3 and alower disk 4, both disks having two diametricallyopposite apertures upper disk 3 and thelower disk 4 are two cylindrical tubes orhollow columns 5, eachcolumn 5 having at its lower end two diametricallyopposite bosses 6 through which tworadial holes 7 extend. A suitable number of cylindrical units orreceptacles 8 are axially movable within thecolumns 5. Each of thereceptacles 8 hasscreens 9 at near its opposite ends to define achamber 10 in which absorbent or other agent is contained. - The
receptacles 8 are held within thecolumns 5 by holders 11 placed on the lower disk orplate 4. More specifically, each of the holders 11 includes a pair ofcylinders 12 disposed adjacent thecolumn 5. Eachcylinder 12 has arod 13 which extends through theradial hole 7 into arecess 14 formed in the outer peripheral surface of thecolumn 5 so as to hold thereceptacles 8 in position. In the illustrated embodiment, thereceptacles 8 in thecolumns 5 are each four in number, and the overall height of these fourreceptacles 8 is substantially equal to that of thecolumn 5 of thecentral casing 2. As shown in FIG. 3, thereceptacle 8 has two diametricallyopposite openings 15 which are in communication withcorresponding ports 17 of thecolumn 5. - With reference to FIGS. 1 and 4, an upper
rotary casing 20 includes adisk 21 held in contact with the upper surface of theupper disk 3 of thecasing 2 and hermetically sealed by O-rings 22. Thedisk 21 has two diametricallyopposite apertures 21a and at its center afixed shaft 23 journaled in theupper disk 3 of thecasing 2 through abearing assembly 24 and connected to amotor 25. Upon actuation of themotor 25, the upperrotary casing 20 is rotated about theshaft 23. Twocolumns 26 extend upwardly from the upper surface of thedisk 21. Each of these twocolumns 26 has an upper end closed by acover 27 and a lower end held in communication with theaperture 21a. Eachcover 27 has aport 28 through which suitable fluid is introduced into the casing. Theport 28 is connected through arotary joint 29 to a source of fluid as at S. In its normal operating orientation, the twocolumns 26 are communicated with the twocolumns 5 through theapertures 3a of theupper disk 3 and theapertures 21a of thedisk 21. In the illustrated embodiment, thecolumns 26 are each sized to receive one receptacle therewithin. - With reference to FIGS. 1 and 5, a lower
rotary casing 30 includes adisk 31 held in contact with the lower surface of thelower disk 4 and hermetically sealed by O-rings 32. Thedisk 31 has two diametrically opposite apertures 31a and at its center afixed shaft 33 journaled in thelower disk 4 of thecentral casing 2 through abearing assembly 34 and connected to amotor 35. Upon actuation of themotor 35, the lowerrotary casing 30 is rotated about theshaft 33. Twocolumns 36 extend downwardly from the lower surface of thedisk 31. Eachcolumn 36 has an upper end held in communication with the aperture 31a and a lower end closed by acover 37. In its normal operating orientation, thecolumns 36 are each communicated with thecolumns 5 through theapertures 4a of thelower disk 4 and the apertures 31a of thedisk 31. In the illustrated embodiment, thecolumns 36 are each sized to receive one receptacle therewithin. Fit within eachcolumn 36 is a support disk orplate 40 having arod 41 which extends downwardly through an aperture 37a of thecover 37. Twolifters 43 in the form of a cylinder are located under thecolumns 36 and haverods 44. Extension of therod 44, thus, causes thesupport plate 40 to move upwardly, whereas retraction of therod 44 causes reverse or downward movement of thesupport plate 40. - A
controller 50 is connected to control themotors power cylinders 11, 43 throughsuitable valve assemblies controller 50 is of conventional structure and will not be explained further. - Reference is now made to FIGS. 6 through 10 in which ten
receptacles 8A to 8J are circulated through the system 1. As shown in FIG. 7, therod 44 of the cylinder 43 (right) is extended to raise thesupport plate 40 until the top surface of thesupport plate 40 is brought into contact with the bottom of thereceptacle 8E. The holders 11 are, then, enabled to retract therods 13, so that thereceptacles 8A to 8E are all supported by thesupport plate 40. Therod 44 is lowered to place thereceptacle 8E within thecolumn 36, and therods 13 are extended into therecesses 14 of thereceptacle 8D to hold the remaining fourreceptacles 8A to 8D in position in the column 5 (see FIG. 8). Therod 44 of thelifter 43 is further lowered to place thereceptacle 8E at the bottom of thecolumn 36, and then disengaged from therod 41 of the support plate 40 (see FIG. 9). Thereafter, themotor 25 is actuated in a controlled manner to rotate theupper casing 20 through 180°, for instance in a clockwise direction, to place thereceptacle 8J on thereceptacle 8A. At the same time, themotor 35 is also actuated in a controlled manner to rotate thelower casing 30 through 180° in the same direction to move thereceptacle 8E below thereceptacle 8F (see FIG. 10). This operation is continuously effected so as to circulate thereceptacles 8A to 8J through thecolumns - As shown in FIG. 11, the
lower disk 4 of thecentral casing 2 may include anopening 4a through which thereceptacles 8 are removed from the system 1 or new receptacles are supplied into the system 1. This arrangement is advantageous in that absorbent or other agent is readily exchangeable. - As shown in FIG. 12,
ports 128, in place of theports 28, may be formed in the upper portion of thecolumns 5. In this case, theports 128 can be directly connected to a source of fluid S, and provision of the rotary joint 29 is no longer necessary. But,additional openings 115 are required in the upper portion of thecolumns 8 to communicate with theports 128. - FIGS. 13 through 16 show modifications of the receptacle shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 13, a
receptacle 108 may be formed by a plurality ofrings 110 connected by a plurality ofvertical members 112. A bag (not shown) in the form of a net is placed within thereceptacle 108, and absorbent or other agent is contained therein. Alternatively, areceptacle 208 may be constituted by two different parts: anupper section 210 in which achamber 212 is defined to contain absorbent or other agent therein, and alower section 214 havingopenings 215 through which fluid flows (see FIG. 14). As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, areceptacle 308 may include a verticalcentral shaft 310, anupper ring 312 surrounding near the upper end of theshaft 310 and connected thereto through a plurality ofradial members 314, and alower ring 316 surrounding near the lower end of theshaft 310 and connected to theshaft 310 through a plurality of radial members (not shown).Screens lower rings sheet 324, made, for example, of Teflon (TM), surrounds therings chamber 326 in which absorbent or other agent is contained. Thissheet 324 serves not only as a seal, but also as a lubricant. - With reference to FIG. 17, a plurality of
receptacles 408 in thecolumn 5 are similar in structure, but slightly larger than theupper section 210 of thereceptacle 208. Thereceptacles 408 provide larger volume of chambers. In this case, fluid may flow out of the system throughpassages 443 formed insupport plates 440 andports 445 formed incovers 437. - FIGS. 18 through 24 schematically show the system in use. In FIG. 18, suitable absorbent such as activated carbon or ion exchanger is contained in the
receptacles 8 which are circulated through the columns in a direction as indicated by the arrow A. In this example, absorption takes place in the left-hand columns whereas desorption takes place in the right-hand columns. More specifically, a sample in liquid form is first introduced into the system through theport 28 in the left-hand column 26. Specific component or groups of components are then absorbed into the absorbent, and the liquid sample flows out of the system through theport 17 in the left-hand column 5. The absorbent in thereceptacles 8 is moved to the right-hand columns and is brought into contact with desorbent liquid which is introduced into the right-hand column 5 through itsport 17. As a result, the absorbed component or components are removed from the absorbent and collected theport 28 of the right-hand column 26. When one of thereceptacles 8 is moved from the left-hand column to the top of the right-hand column, some of the non-absorbed components still remain in the receptacle. To this end, as shown in FIG. 19, after the absorbed component or components are collected through an outlet O1, the receptacle is stopped for a while or slowed, so that the non-absorbed components may be returned to the left-hand columns with the disorbent liquid. - In FIG. 20, sample liquid includes two different components J, K, the component J being greater in absorptivity than the component K. The component K is, thus, movable faster than the component J while the sample liquid flows through the left-
hand column 5. If thereceptacles 8 are moved upwards in the left-hand column faster than the component J, but slower than the component K, then the component J is absorbed into the absorbent and transferred to the right-hand column, whereas the component K is discharged from the left-hand column through an outlet O2. Absorbed component or components in the receptacle as transferred to the top of the right-hand column are then brought into contact with desorbent liquid introduced into the right-hand column 5 through theport 17 and collected through an outlet O3. At this time, non-absorbed components in the same receptacle are returned to the left-hand column with the desorbent liquid. - In FIG. 21, coffee beans, for instance, are contained in the
receptacles 8 which are circulated through the columns. Used coffee beans must be replaced with the new coffee beans. To this end, thereceptacles 8 can be removed from and again supplied to the columns through theopening 4a as shown in FIG. 11 so as to effect such replacement. When extracting liquid, such as hot water and the like, with solvent properties for one of the constituents only is introduced into the left-hand column through theport 28, specific constituent is dissolved and carried out of the system through theport 28 of the right-hand column 26. - In FIG. 22, immobilized enzyme, for instance, is contained in the
receptacles 8 which are circulated through the columns in a direction as indicated by the arrow A. When reactive liquid is introduced into the left-hand columns and is contacted with the immobilized enzyme in thereceptacles 8, reaction product is produced and then collected from the system through theport 17. At the right-hand columns, specific liquid is introduced into the columns thorugh theport 17 so as to activate the immobilized enzyme in thereceptacles 8. As shown in FIG. 23, if additional reactive liquid is supplied to the left-hand column 5 through a plurality of inlets I, more reaction product is obtainable. - With reference to FIG. 24, four of the system (only three are shown) as shown in FIG. 19 may be combined to successively separate four different components or constituents L, M, N and P.
- FIG. 25 shows a modified form of the rotary joint. The rotary joint 70 includes an
upper disk 71 having two vertically extendingpassageways lower disk 74 having two vertically extendingpassageways passageways passageways passageways passageways columns 5 while the other flowing through the other column. - FIG. 26 shows a modified form of the lower casing.
Pistons 80 are fit within columns 81 (only one is shown). Eachcolumn 81 has at its buttom anopening 82 connected to ahydraulic circuit 83. Thehydraulic circuit 83 has avalve assembly 84 which is, in turn, controllably operated by thecontroller 50. - Alternative forms of the invention are shown in FIGS. 27, 29 and 30 wherein parts similar to those shown in FIG. 1 are identified with the same reference numerals. As shown in FIG. 27, one of the
lifters 43 is operatively connected to one of thecolumns 26 of theupper casing 20 within which the receptacles are moved downwards. This arrangement is advantageous particularly when a suitable number of O-rings 86 (see FIG. 28) are fit in the outer peripheral surface of eachreceptacle 8 whereby thereceptacle 8 may not be moved downwards by its own weight due to friction. In the illustrated embodiment shown in FIG 29, avertical shaft 90 extends from thedisk 21 of theupper casing 20 to thedisk 31 of thelower casing 30 and has a lower end connected to themotor 35. With reference to FIG. 30, the system includes a fixedcentral casing 502 having upper andlower disks columns 505 extend. A rotaryupper casing 520 has adisk 521 placed in contact with theupper disk 503 of thecentral casing 502, and six circumferentially equally spacedcolumns 526 communicatable with the sixcolumns 505. Likewise, a rotarylower casing 530 has adisk 531 placed in contact with thelower disk 504 of thecentral casing 502, and six circumferentially equally spacedcolumns 536 communicatable with thecolumns 505. The upper andlower casings lower casings lower casings
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP62174004A JPH0638904B2 (en) | 1987-07-14 | 1987-07-14 | Continuously moving packed bed equipment |
JP174004/87 | 1987-07-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0299466A1 true EP0299466A1 (en) | 1989-01-18 |
EP0299466B1 EP0299466B1 (en) | 1992-12-02 |
Family
ID=15970964
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88111287A Expired - Lifetime EP0299466B1 (en) | 1987-07-14 | 1988-07-14 | Separator with movable receptacles |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4851115A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0299466B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0638904B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3876323T2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0428800A1 (en) * | 1988-05-25 | 1991-05-29 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Bioreactor |
FR2693917A1 (en) * | 1992-07-24 | 1994-01-28 | Codif International | Extn. of water sol. components from algae, esp. marine algae - by lyophilising algae, re-hydrating to original water content, and leaching, using demineralised water |
WO2008094182A2 (en) * | 2006-07-10 | 2008-08-07 | Sicor, Inc. | Apparatus for the separation of a resin from a reaction mixture |
CN113117381A (en) * | 2021-04-17 | 2021-07-16 | 宁波海关技术中心 | Quick solid phase extraction instrument |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1068236C (en) * | 1994-02-15 | 2001-07-11 | 莱利工业公司 | Desorption process and apparatus |
BR112012001843A2 (en) | 2009-07-30 | 2016-03-15 | Hoffmann La Roche | mobile chromatography column separator |
CA2824218C (en) * | 2011-02-02 | 2019-12-03 | Andreas Blaschyk | Chromatography column support |
JP5826051B2 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2015-12-02 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Continuous fixed bed catalytic reactor and catalytic reaction method using the same |
JP5783919B2 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2015-09-24 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Continuous fixed bed catalytic reactor and catalytic reaction method using the same |
JP5762318B2 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2015-08-12 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Continuous fixed bed catalytic reactor and catalytic reaction method using the same |
CN104080527B (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2016-04-27 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | The catalytic reaction method of continous way fixed-bed catalytic reactor and this device of use |
DE102017007418B4 (en) | 2017-08-05 | 2021-11-04 | Audi Ag | Motor vehicle with at least one vehicle seat |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE1642809A1 (en) * | 1967-08-04 | 1971-04-29 | Akad Wissenschaften Ddr | Process and device for continuous material separation by solid-liquid countercurrent exchange |
Family Cites Families (11)
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CA833339A (en) * | 1970-02-03 | Universal Oil Products Company | Continuous solid-fluid contacting process | |
US2323830A (en) * | 1941-01-27 | 1943-07-06 | Shell Dev | Catalytic conversion process |
US3306006A (en) * | 1964-03-23 | 1967-02-28 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Separation of gas mixtures utilizing plural sorbent zones in series and parallel |
GB1052157A (en) * | 1964-04-17 | |||
US3404780A (en) * | 1965-05-25 | 1968-10-08 | Centraia Automationslaboratori | Automatic filter |
JPS54138869A (en) * | 1978-04-21 | 1979-10-27 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Gas separating and refining apparatus |
JPS5615820A (en) * | 1979-07-20 | 1981-02-16 | Nippon Steel Corp | Separator for mixed gases |
JPS5645727A (en) * | 1979-09-20 | 1981-04-25 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Adsorption column |
JPS5974993A (en) * | 1982-10-21 | 1984-04-27 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Method for continuous fermentation using immobilized microorganism |
EP0164206B1 (en) * | 1984-05-02 | 1988-11-02 | Brendan James Hamill | An apparatus for the chemical synthesis of oligonucleotides |
US4522726A (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1985-06-11 | Progress Equities Incorporated | Advanced separation device and method |
-
1987
- 1987-07-14 JP JP62174004A patent/JPH0638904B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-07-13 US US07/218,727 patent/US4851115A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-07-14 EP EP88111287A patent/EP0299466B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-14 DE DE8888111287T patent/DE3876323T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1642809A1 (en) * | 1967-08-04 | 1971-04-29 | Akad Wissenschaften Ddr | Process and device for continuous material separation by solid-liquid countercurrent exchange |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0428800A1 (en) * | 1988-05-25 | 1991-05-29 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Bioreactor |
US5143847A (en) * | 1988-05-25 | 1992-09-01 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Enzyme-fixed bioreactor |
FR2693917A1 (en) * | 1992-07-24 | 1994-01-28 | Codif International | Extn. of water sol. components from algae, esp. marine algae - by lyophilising algae, re-hydrating to original water content, and leaching, using demineralised water |
WO2008094182A2 (en) * | 2006-07-10 | 2008-08-07 | Sicor, Inc. | Apparatus for the separation of a resin from a reaction mixture |
WO2008094182A3 (en) * | 2006-07-10 | 2009-01-08 | Sicor Inc | Apparatus for the separation of a resin from a reaction mixture |
CN113117381A (en) * | 2021-04-17 | 2021-07-16 | 宁波海关技术中心 | Quick solid phase extraction instrument |
CN113117381B (en) * | 2021-04-17 | 2022-05-17 | 宁波海关技术中心 | Quick solid phase extraction instrument |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3876323D1 (en) | 1993-01-14 |
DE3876323T2 (en) | 1993-04-01 |
JPS6418438A (en) | 1989-01-23 |
JPH0638904B2 (en) | 1994-05-25 |
EP0299466B1 (en) | 1992-12-02 |
US4851115A (en) | 1989-07-25 |
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