EP0296456A1 - Pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus having a drier for abrasive powders - Google Patents

Pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus having a drier for abrasive powders Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0296456A1
EP0296456A1 EP88109433A EP88109433A EP0296456A1 EP 0296456 A1 EP0296456 A1 EP 0296456A1 EP 88109433 A EP88109433 A EP 88109433A EP 88109433 A EP88109433 A EP 88109433A EP 0296456 A1 EP0296456 A1 EP 0296456A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
abrasive
container
obturator
source
upper container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88109433A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0296456B1 (en
Inventor
Giorgio Mini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cie Dentalfarm Srl Te Turijn Italie
Original Assignee
Catella & Figli Dentalfarm
DENTALFARM SNC di CATELLA GIUSEPPE E FIGLI
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Catella & Figli Dentalfarm, DENTALFARM SNC di CATELLA GIUSEPPE E FIGLI filed Critical Catella & Figli Dentalfarm
Priority to AT88109433T priority Critical patent/ATE70761T1/en
Publication of EP0296456A1 publication Critical patent/EP0296456A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0296456B1 publication Critical patent/EP0296456B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus comprising a source of pressurized air, a reservoir containing an abrasive powder and connected to said source and discharge nozzle means connected to said reservoir.
  • the abrasive used in the micro-sandblasting process comprising pure aluminium oxides for mechanical pickling, are notably hygroscopic and thus present the problem of lump formation and possibly that of packing if the moisture content exceeds a particular value, normally less than the equilibrium value with the atmospheric humidity. Furthermore, in the use of the micro-sandblasting technique for the cleaning of precious metal castings used in dental technology for the produc­tion of dental prostheses or in gold-working for the production of necklaces and the like, it has been found that the lower the moisture content of the abrasive, the better the quality of the surface treated.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus which enables the caused by the use of an abrasive which has not been dried to be overcome, and which is simple and cheap to produce.
  • the reservoir includes an upper container into which the abrasive is introduced and which is provided with electric heating means, a pressurizable lower container connected to the source of pressurized air and to the discharge nozzle means, and valve means interposed between the containers and adapted to enable the dried abrasive to fall by gravity from the upper container to the lower container.
  • a pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus for the cleaning of precious metal castings used in dental technology is generally indicated 8.
  • the apparatus comprises a drier 10 for powdered abrasives (for instance aluminium oxides) which is installed between a compressor C and a micro-sandblasting machine M having a discharge nozzle (not illustrated).
  • the drier 10 comprises an upper cup-shaped container 12 and a lower container 14 with a shape substantially identical to the upper container 12 but in an inverted configuration.
  • the containers 12 and 14 have respective end walls 12a and 14a provided with respective central holes 12b and 14b.
  • connection between the containers 12 and 14 is achieved by means of a tubular element 16 inserted in correspondence with the holes 12b and 14b and made fast to the end walls 12a and 14a of the containers by means of a ring nut 13.
  • the upper container 12 has an upper cover 18 having a central hole 20 coaxial with the tubular element 16 on a central axis X-X of the drier 10 and a lateral aperture 22 for the loading of abrasive powder.
  • a tubular guide 24 is fixed in the central hole 20 of the upper cover 18 and, substantially in correspondence with the cover 18, has an internal annular shoulder 14a.
  • a rod 26 is slidably mounted within the tubular guide 24 and has a first end 26a to which a knob 28 is fixed and a second end 26b to which is fixed an obturator adapted to cooperate with a valve seat V defined by an end of the tubular element 16 connecting the two containers.
  • a helical spring 32 is interposed between the internal annular shoulder 24a of the tubular guide 24 and the knob 28, and is adapted to urge the obturator 30 into the closed position.
  • a resilient split ring 36 is mounted externally of the tubular guide 24 and supports a plate 38 to which are fixed the terminals 40a of an electrical resistance 40 wound in a spiral around the guide 24.
  • a spacer bush 34 coaxial with the tubular guide 24 is interposed between the support plate 38 and the upper cover 18.
  • a lower cover 44 is fixed to the bottom of the cup-shaped container 14 with the interposition of an elastomeric sealing ring 42, and has a first central aperture 46 for connection to a compressed-air inlet line A and a second aperture 48 for connection to a delivery line B to the micro-sandblasting machine M.
  • a shaped outlet tube 50 whose end 50a essentially faces the end wall 14a of the lower container 14 is fixed to the second aperture 48 of the cover 44.
  • the terminals 40a of the resistor 40 are connected to an electrical control circuit of the micro-sandblasting machine including a switch and a thermostat generally indicated E.
  • a predetermined quanti­ty of the powdered abrasive to be dried is then intro­duced into the upper container 12 through the loading aperture 22 in the upper cover 18.
  • the control of the quantity introduced is facilitated by the fact that both the upper container 12 and the lower container 14 are made of transparent plastics material, for example, polycarbonate.
  • the operator operates the switch E with the associated thermostat, so that the abrasive contained in the upper container 12 soon reaches a predeterminated temperature, normally 60-70°C.
  • a predeterminated temperature normally 60-70°C.
  • the water vapour which is liberated by the abrasive during drying is evacuated through the same loading aperture 22 of the upper cover 18.
  • the operator After a period of time (normally 1 hour) during which the abrasive is kept at the above predetermined temperature, by pushing the knob 28 downwardly the operator causes the obturator 30 to move axially away from the valve seat V to enable the dried abrasive to fall by gravity into the lower container 14 which, at this stage, is kept at ambient pressure. Compressed air is then sent to the first aperture 46 of the cover 44 and the abrasive is trans­ported with the air flow into the outlet tube 50 and subsequently into the delivery line B to the micro-sandblasting machine M.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

A pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus comprises a reservoir containing an abrasive powder. The reservoir comprises an upper container (12) into which the abrasive is supplied and which is provided with a resistor (40) and a pressurizable lower container (14) connected to a source of pressurized air and a discharge nozzle.

Description

  • The present invention relates to a pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus comprising a source of pressurized air, a reservoir containing an abrasive powder and connected to said source and discharge nozzle means connected to said reservoir.
  • The abrasive used in the micro-sandblasting process, comprising pure aluminium oxides for mechanical pickling, are notably hygroscopic and thus present the problem of lump formation and possibly that of packing if the moisture content exceeds a particular value, normally less than the equilibrium value with the atmospheric humidity. Furthermore, in the use of the micro-sandblasting technique for the cleaning of precious metal castings used in dental technology for the produc­tion of dental prostheses or in gold-working for the production of necklaces and the like, it has been found that the lower the moisture content of the abrasive, the better the quality of the surface treated. In the partic­ular case of dental prostheses, the use of alumina (Al₂O₃) with a low moisture content leads to better adhesion of the resin or ceramic to the surface treated. Moreover, with an abrasive which has a low moisture content, there are considerable advantages in the more regular delivery of the blasting sand with a reduced composition of air and abrasive powder.
  • Some attempts have been made to dry the abrasive powder by placing it in an oven (a device which is always present in a laboratory of goldsmiths or dental mechanics). This kind of drying is not effective since the dried powder out of the oven reabsorbs quickly the moisture from the atmosphere.
  • The object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus which enables the caused by the use of an abrasive which has not been dried to be overcome, and which is simple and cheap to produce.
  • According to the invention, this object is achieved by virtue of the fact that the reservoir includes an upper container into which the abrasive is introduced and which is provided with electric heating means, a pressurizable lower container connected to the source of pressurized air and to the discharge nozzle means, and valve means interposed between the containers and adapted to enable the dried abrasive to fall by gravity from the upper container to the lower container.
  • By virtue of these characteristics, it is possible to dry the abrasive to the required degree and admit it directly into the circuit for sending the compressed air to the discharge nozzle means avoiding any contact between the atmosphere and the abrasive powder which would lead to an increase of the moisture content of the powder. Moreover, only the required quantity of abrasive is dried, so that there is no waste of energy.
  • Further advantages and characteristics of the apparatus according to the invention will become clear from the following detailed description, provided purely by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
    • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus according to the invention, and
    • Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a drier according to the invention.
  • With reference to the drawings, a pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus for the cleaning of precious metal castings used in dental technology is generally indicated 8. The apparatus comprises a drier 10 for powdered abrasives (for instance aluminium oxides) which is installed between a compressor C and a micro-sandblasting machine M having a discharge nozzle (not illustrated). The drier 10 comprises an upper cup-shaped container 12 and a lower container 14 with a shape substantially identical to the upper container 12 but in an inverted configuration. The containers 12 and 14 have respective end walls 12a and 14a provided with respective central holes 12b and 14b.
  • The connection between the containers 12 and 14 is achieved by means of a tubular element 16 inserted in correspondence with the holes 12b and 14b and made fast to the end walls 12a and 14a of the containers by means of a ring nut 13.
  • The upper container 12 has an upper cover 18 having a central hole 20 coaxial with the tubular element 16 on a central axis X-X of the drier 10 and a lateral aperture 22 for the loading of abrasive powder. A tubular guide 24 is fixed in the central hole 20 of the upper cover 18 and, substantially in correspondence with the cover 18, has an internal annular shoulder 14a.
  • A rod 26 is slidably mounted within the tubular guide 24 and has a first end 26a to which a knob 28 is fixed and a second end 26b to which is fixed an obturator adapted to cooperate with a valve seat V defined by an end of the tubular element 16 connecting the two containers.
  • A helical spring 32 is interposed between the internal annular shoulder 24a of the tubular guide 24 and the knob 28, and is adapted to urge the obturator 30 into the closed position. A resilient split ring 36 is mounted externally of the tubular guide 24 and supports a plate 38 to which are fixed the terminals 40a of an electrical resistance 40 wound in a spiral around the guide 24. A spacer bush 34 coaxial with the tubular guide 24 is interposed between the support plate 38 and the upper cover 18.
  • A lower cover 44 is fixed to the bottom of the cup-shaped container 14 with the interposition of an elastomeric sealing ring 42, and has a first central aperture 46 for connection to a compressed-air inlet line A and a second aperture 48 for connection to a delivery line B to the micro-sandblasting machine M. A shaped outlet tube 50 whose end 50a essentially faces the end wall 14a of the lower container 14 is fixed to the second aperture 48 of the cover 44.
  • During installation of the drier 10, as well as its connection to the delivery and inlet lines A and B respectively, the terminals 40a of the resistor 40 are connected to an electrical control circuit of the micro-sandblasting machine including a switch and a thermostat generally indicated E. A predetermined quanti­ty of the powdered abrasive to be dried is then intro­duced into the upper container 12 through the loading aperture 22 in the upper cover 18. The control of the quantity introduced is facilitated by the fact that both the upper container 12 and the lower container 14 are made of transparent plastics material, for example, polycarbonate.
  • In order to dry the abrasive introduced, the operator operates the switch E with the associated thermostat, so that the abrasive contained in the upper container 12 soon reaches a predeterminated temperature, normally 60-70°C. The water vapour which is liberated by the abrasive during drying is evacuated through the same loading aperture 22 of the upper cover 18. After a period of time (normally 1 hour) during which the abrasive is kept at the above predetermined temperature, by pushing the knob 28 downwardly the operator causes the obturator 30 to move axially away from the valve seat V to enable the dried abrasive to fall by gravity into the lower container 14 which, at this stage, is kept at ambient pressure. Compressed air is then sent to the first aperture 46 of the cover 44 and the abrasive is trans­ported with the air flow into the outlet tube 50 and subsequently into the delivery line B to the micro-sandblasting machine M.
  • Whilst the machine M is operating, with the lower con­tainer 14 under pressure, further abrasive can be dried simultaneously in the upper container 12 so that, when the dried abrasive contained in the lower container 14 is used up, the operator can supply the abrasive dried in the upper container 12 without loss of time.

Claims (4)

1. A pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus comprising:
- a source of pressurized air,
- a reservoir containing an abrasive powder and con­nected to said source,
- discharge nozzle means connected to said reservoir,
characterised in that the reservoir comprises
- an upper container (12) into which the abrasive is supplied and which is provided with electric heating means (40),
- a pressurizable lower container (14) connected to the source of pressurized air and to the discharge nozzle means,
- valve means (16, V, 30, 26) interposed between the containers (12, 14) and adapted to enable the dried abrasive to fall by gravity from the upper container (12) to the lower container (14).
2. An apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the upper container (12) is cup-shaped and is provided with an upper closure cover (18) with an aper­ture (22) for the loading of the abrasive powder and for the discharge of the water vapour, and in that the lower pressurizable container (14) has an inverted cup shape and is connected to the upper container (12) in corre­spondence with its end (14a) and is provided with a lower closure cover (44) having a central aperture (46) for the inlet of compressed air and an offset aperture (48) for the outlet of the air and abrasive.
3. An apparatus according to Claim 2, characterised in that the valve means comprise:
- a valve seat (V) formed in correspondence with a tubular element (16) connecting the two containers (12, 14), and
- an obturator (30) adapted to cooperate with the set (V) and operated by a rod (26) coaxial with the first cup-shaped container (12) and axially slidable relative to the upper closure cover (18), resilient means (32) being provided for keeping the obturator (30) in the closed configuration.
4. An apparatus according to Claim 3, characterised in that the electric heating means comprise an electrical resistance (40) wound on a spiral coaxial with the control rod (26) of the obturator (30).
EP88109433A 1987-06-23 1988-06-14 Pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus having a drier for abrasive powders Expired - Lifetime EP0296456B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88109433T ATE70761T1 (en) 1987-06-23 1988-06-14 PNEUMATIC MICROSAND BLASTING DEVICE WITH A DRYER FOR ABRASIVE POWDER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT5346887U 1987-06-23
IT8753468U IT210774Z2 (en) 1987-06-23 1987-06-23 DRYER FOR ABRASIVE POWDERS USED IN MICRO SANDBLASTING

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0296456A1 true EP0296456A1 (en) 1988-12-28
EP0296456B1 EP0296456B1 (en) 1991-12-27

Family

ID=11283019

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88109433A Expired - Lifetime EP0296456B1 (en) 1987-06-23 1988-06-14 Pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus having a drier for abrasive powders

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0296456B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE70761T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3867146D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2028186T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3003386T3 (en)
IT (1) IT210774Z2 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR534652A (en) * 1921-04-27 1922-03-30 Dryer for sand and other pulverulent materials
DE454200C (en) * 1923-01-23 1928-01-02 Metallisator Berlin Akt Ges Avoiding malfunctions when using sandblasting blowers by heating the sand-air mixture
DE1913659A1 (en) * 1968-03-21 1969-10-09 Pennsait Chemicals Corp Grinding machine
US3815286A (en) * 1971-11-01 1974-06-11 Futurecraft Corp Ind Pneumatic abrasive cutting apparatus
GB2014287A (en) * 1978-02-07 1979-08-22 Blue Metal & Gravel Pty Method of and apparatus for drying particulate material

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR534652A (en) * 1921-04-27 1922-03-30 Dryer for sand and other pulverulent materials
DE454200C (en) * 1923-01-23 1928-01-02 Metallisator Berlin Akt Ges Avoiding malfunctions when using sandblasting blowers by heating the sand-air mixture
DE1913659A1 (en) * 1968-03-21 1969-10-09 Pennsait Chemicals Corp Grinding machine
US3815286A (en) * 1971-11-01 1974-06-11 Futurecraft Corp Ind Pneumatic abrasive cutting apparatus
GB2014287A (en) * 1978-02-07 1979-08-22 Blue Metal & Gravel Pty Method of and apparatus for drying particulate material

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
THE OFFICIAL GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE, vol. 74, no. 6, 11th February 1986, page 687, abstract no. 554299, Washington, US; J.E. PARKER et al.: "Sand-blast apparatus for cleaning molds" *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE70761T1 (en) 1992-01-15
DE3867146D1 (en) 1992-02-06
ES2028186T3 (en) 1992-07-01
IT8753468V0 (en) 1987-06-23
IT210774Z2 (en) 1989-01-11
EP0296456B1 (en) 1991-12-27
GR3003386T3 (en) 1993-02-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4067150A (en) Sandblast abrading apparatus
US7662211B2 (en) Dehumidification method and plant, particularly for granular materials
CA1202343A (en) Automatic pneumatic feeder
US4674922A (en) Apparatus and process for controlling a charging operation for a feed of particles of bulk material
MY108164A (en) Apparatus for transferring flowable to a receptacle and system incorporating the same
US3273943A (en) Material transporting device
JPS642930A (en) Method and device for pneumatically transporting high density powder material
US2686083A (en) Material handling apparatus
US2736288A (en) Automatic tablet coating apparatus
EP0296456A1 (en) Pneumatic micro-sandblasting apparatus having a drier for abrasive powders
EP0098861A1 (en) Means for transferring a predetermined quantity of powder or granular material, from a delivery point to a reception point
US20020020461A1 (en) Powder supply system
US3854778A (en) Material handling plants
US3940063A (en) Apparatus for spray-coating product onto an article
US2708622A (en) Process of making abrasive phenolic resin mixes
US2879809A (en) Method and equipment for measuring predetermined quantities of compacted comminuted materials or the like
US2935233A (en) Apparatus for packing of pulverulent materials
US3874560A (en) Pneumatic conveyors
US3309146A (en) Method of transporting material and device therefor
CN209192738U (en) A kind of Full-automatic quantitative packing scale
CN110345725B (en) Drying system and drying method
US2583648A (en) Powder conveying method and apparatus
US2703654A (en) Discharge mechanism for vacuum driers
US3197257A (en) Fluid conveying system
CA1213144A (en) Apparatus for feeding particulate materials

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19890601

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19901011

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 70761

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19920115

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: JACOBACCI & PERANI S.P.A.

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3867146

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19920206

ET Fr: translation filed
ITPR It: changes in ownership of a european patent

Owner name: FUSIONI;C.I.E. DENTALFARM S.R.L.

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PFA

Free format text: C.I.E. DENTALFARM S.R.L.

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: FG4A

Free format text: 3003386

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: PC2A

Owner name: C.I.E. DENTALFARM SRL.

NLS Nl: assignments of ep-patents

Owner name: C.I.E. DENTALFARM S.R.L. TE TURIJN, ITALIE.

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: TP

EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 88109433.8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19970506

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19970515

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19970515

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19970520

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19970523

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19970526

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 19970530

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19970603

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19970630

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19970630

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19971001

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980614

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980614

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980614

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980615

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980615

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980630

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980630

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980630

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980630

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: C.I.E. DENTALFARM SRL

Effective date: 19980630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990101

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19980614

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990226

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 88109433.8

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19990101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990401

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20000403

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050614