EP0295558B1 - Process for periodically sooting surfaces with a burner - Google Patents
Process for periodically sooting surfaces with a burner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0295558B1 EP0295558B1 EP88109119A EP88109119A EP0295558B1 EP 0295558 B1 EP0295558 B1 EP 0295558B1 EP 88109119 A EP88109119 A EP 88109119A EP 88109119 A EP88109119 A EP 88109119A EP 0295558 B1 EP0295558 B1 EP 0295558B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sooting
- air
- burner
- combustible gas
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C23/00—Tools; Devices not mentioned before for moulding
- B22C23/02—Devices for coating moulds or cores
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for intermittent sooting of surfaces of objects with a burner, with which a fuel gas is burned with air or oxygen.
- sooting of surfaces with a burner flame at more or less regular, shorter time intervals of less than 20 seconds means that the burner flame is not extinguished after each sooting process, but continues to burn after the desired layer of soot has been produced. This results in unnecessary, polluting soot production, which can also have a disruptive effect on production, since tools and other devices are unnecessarily sooted and additionally heated.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of finding a sooting process with as little soot generation and heating during the sooting breaks, which moreover does not have the disadvantages of the methods mentioned.
- the method should also be suitable for cyclical sooting with very short cycle times.
- This object is achieved according to the invention in that the mixture ratio of fuel gas / air or fuel gas / oxygen is reduced in intervals during the sooting pauses compared to the mixing ratio in the sooting phases.
- Suitable variants of the invention are obtained if acetylene or propane is used as the fuel gas and air is added to it.
- a particularly advantageous variant of the invention is obtained using the first-mentioned fuel gas if the sooting is carried out with an acetylene-air ratio of 1: 0.1 to 1: 0.5 and the air supply is increased during the sooting pauses so that an acetylene-air ratio of 1: 5 to 1: 9, preferably 1: 7, arises.
- acetylene-air fuel gas there is a good burner flame with regard to soot formation, which, on the other hand, considerably reduces its geometrical expansion with increased air addition.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that air or oxygen is fed to the burner via two lines, one of the two lines being closed or opened depending on the working cycle.
- air or oxygen is fed to the burner via two lines, one of the two lines being closed or opened depending on the working cycle.
- An advantageous embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention with a burner, which with an acetylene or propane feed Pressure adjustment valve is connected, has two compressed air supply lines connected to the burner, which are provided with pressure adjustment valves, a controllable closure valve, for example a solenoid valve, being additionally arranged in a compressed air supply line.
- a controllable closure valve for example a solenoid valve
- the connection of a burner to two compressed air supply lines is a measure that is generally easy to implement.
- a supply from compressed gas cylinders or from a compressed air system is possible.
- the installation of pressure adjustment valves in the compressed air supply lines enables the air supply to be varied between two values as required, depending on whether the shut-off valve installed in a supply line is in the open or closed state.
- the installation of a controllable shut-off valve, e.g. of a solenoid valve makes the device particularly suitable for clocked sooting processes, e.g. in a production line.
- FIG. 1 shows a sooting device 1 and its arrangement in relation to a casting mold 2 with a conveying device 3 in the sooting phase.
- the sooting device 1 consists of a burner 4, an acetylene supply line 5 and two compressed air supply lines 6, 7.
- pressure adjustment valves 8 are arranged, and moreover in the compressed air supply line 7 a solenoid valve 9, which is in the sooting phase shown in the closed state. It can be seen that, in this operating state, an elongated, far-reaching burner flame 10 is created which applies soot to the casting mold 2.
- FIG. 2 shows the soot device 1 and the goat shape 2 after the sooting has ended.
- the solenoid valve 9 is now in the open state and thus releases the additional supply of compressed air via the feed line 7 to the burner 4.
- Suitable setting pressures for this embodiment are: Acetylene pressure 0.5 bar Compressed air supply 7 8 bar Compressed air supply 6 0.5 bar.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum taktweisen Berußen von Flächen von Gegenständen mit einem Brenner, mit dem ein Brenngas mit Luft oder Sauerstoff verbrannt wird.The invention relates to a method for intermittent sooting of surfaces of objects with a burner, with which a fuel gas is burned with air or oxygen.
Das Berußen von Flächen mit einer Brennerflamme in mehr oder weniger regelmäßigen, kürzeren Zeitabständen von unter 20 sec bringt bei bisherigen Verfahren mit sich, daß die Brennerflamme nicht nach jedem Berußungsvorgang gelöscht wird, sondern nach Erzeugung der gewünschten Rußschicht weiterbrennt. Dies hat eine unnötige, die Umwelt belastende Rußerzeugung zur Folge, die zudem störenden Einfluß auf die Fertigung haben kann, da Werkzeuge und auch andere Einrichtungen unnötig berußt und zusätzlich aufgeheizt werden.The sooting of surfaces with a burner flame at more or less regular, shorter time intervals of less than 20 seconds means that the burner flame is not extinguished after each sooting process, but continues to burn after the desired layer of soot has been produced. This results in unnecessary, polluting soot production, which can also have a disruptive effect on production, since tools and other devices are unnecessarily sooted and additionally heated.
Aus der US-1,535,149 ist beispielsweise bekannt, den Berußungsbrenner mittels einer schwenkbaren Vorrichtung an den zu berußenden Formen vorbeizuführen, wobei die Berußungsflamme kontinuierlich brennt.From US-1,535,149 it is known, for example, to guide the soot burner past the molds to be sooted by means of a pivotable device, the sooting flame burning continuously.
Weiterhin wird in der US-1,543,085 vorgeschlagen, die Formen auf einem um eine Vorrichtung mit verschiedenen Gasdüsen rotierenden Tisch anzubringen und diese Formen zunächst mit aus Gasdüsen austretender Druckluft zu säubern, anschließend mit verbrennendem Stadtgas zu erhitzen und schließlich mit einer Acetylenflamme zu berußen. Die Acetylenflamme verbrennt auch hier kontinuierlich so lange, bis die Formen die gewünschte Rußschicht tragen.Furthermore, it is proposed in US Pat. No. 1,543,085 to mount the molds on a table rotating around a device with different gas nozzles and to first clean these molds with compressed air emerging from gas nozzles, then to heat them with burning city gas and finally to soot them with an acetylene flame. Here too, the acetylene flame burns continuously until the molds carry the desired soot layer.
Bei kontinuierlichem Brennen der Berußungsflamme kann auch durch Ausschwenken des Brenners oder durch Abschirmen oder Absaugen der Berußungsflamme in den Berußungspausen eine ununterbrochene Rußerzeugung nicht verhindert werden. Überdies ist das Ausschwenken des Brenners oder das Einschwenken einer Abschirmung besonders bei sehr kurzen Taktzeiten nicht mehr mit vertretbarem Aufwand zu realisieren.With continuous burning of the sooting flame, uninterrupted soot generation cannot be prevented even by swiveling out the burner or by shielding or sucking off the sooting flame in the sooting pauses. In addition, swiveling out the burner or swiveling in a shield, particularly in the case of very short cycle times, can no longer be carried out with reasonable effort.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Berußungsverfahren mit möglichst geringer Rußerzeugung und Aufheizung in den Berußungspausen zu finden, das überdies nicht die Nachteile der genannten Verfahren besitzt. Insbesondere soll das Verfahren auch für das taktweise Berußen mit sehr kurzen Taktzeiten geeignet sein.The invention is therefore based on the object of finding a sooting process with as little soot generation and heating during the sooting breaks, which moreover does not have the disadvantages of the methods mentioned. In particular, the method should also be suitable for cyclical sooting with very short cycle times.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Mischungsverhältnis Brenngas/Luft oder Brenngas/Sauerstoff taktweise jeweils in den Berußungspausen gegenüber dem Mischungsverhältnis in den Berußungsphasen verkleinert wird.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the mixture ratio of fuel gas / air or fuel gas / oxygen is reduced in intervals during the sooting pauses compared to the mixing ratio in the sooting phases.
Dies kann durch Vergrößerung der zuzugebenden Luft- oder Sauerstoffmenge und/oder durch Verkleinerung der zuzugebenden Brenngasmenge zum Brenngasgemisch erreicht werden und man erhält so eine vollständige Verbrennung der im Brenngas enthaltenen Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen und somit eine nicht rußende Flamme. Zudem ist die so erhaltene Flamme in ihrer geometrischen Ausdehnung viel kleiner, insbesondere in ihrer Reichweite viel kürzer, als die Berußungsflamme. Sie besitzt daher einen deutlichen Abstand zum Werkstück und Teilen der Fertigungseinrichtung. Es ergibt sich also in den Taktpausen keine unnötige Rußerzeugung und kein unnötiges Aufheizen von Teilen durch diese Brennerflamme. Überdies ist dadurch, daß die Umstellung von der Berußungssituation auf die Wartesituation durch Veränderung der Brenngaszusammensetzung erfolgt, ein sehr schnelles Umschalten zwischen diesen beiden Betriebszuständen möglich. Es kann ohne weiteres mit Taktzeiten bis unter 1 sec gearbeitet werden.This can be achieved by increasing the amount of air or oxygen to be added and / or by reducing the amount of fuel gas to be added to the fuel gas mixture, and this results in complete combustion of the hydrocarbon compounds contained in the fuel gas and thus a non-sooty flame. In addition, the flame obtained in this way is much smaller in its geometric extent, in particular much shorter in range, than the sooting flame. It is therefore at a clear distance from the workpiece and parts of the manufacturing facility. There is therefore no unnecessary soot generation and no unnecessary heating of parts by this burner flame in the cycle breaks. Moreover, the fact that the changeover from the sooting situation to the waiting situation takes place by changing the composition of the fuel gas is very quick Switching between these two operating states possible. It is easy to work with cycle times of less than 1 sec.
Geeignete Ausführungsvarianten der Erfindung erhält man, wenn man als Brenngas Acetylen oder Propan verwendet und diesen Luft zumischt.Suitable variants of the invention are obtained if acetylene or propane is used as the fuel gas and air is added to it.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Variante der Erfindung erhält man unter Verwendung des erstgenannten Brenngases, wenn die Berußung mit einem Acetylen-Luft-Verhältnis von 1 : 0,1 bis 1 : 0,5 durchgeführt wird, und in den Berußungspausen die Luftzufuhr so vergrößert wird, daß ein Acetylen-Luft- Verhältnis von 1 : 5 bis 1 : 9, vorzugsweise 1 : 7, entsteht. Mit Acetylen-Luft-Brenngas ergibt sich eine bezüglich der Rußbildung seht gute Brennerflamme, die andererseits ihre geometrische Ausdehnung bei vergrößerter Luftzugabe erheblich verringert.A particularly advantageous variant of the invention is obtained using the first-mentioned fuel gas if the sooting is carried out with an acetylene-air ratio of 1: 0.1 to 1: 0.5 and the air supply is increased during the sooting pauses so that an acetylene-air ratio of 1: 5 to 1: 9, preferably 1: 7, arises. With acetylene-air fuel gas, there is a good burner flame with regard to soot formation, which, on the other hand, considerably reduces its geometrical expansion with increased air addition.
Eine besonders günstige Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Brenner Luft oder Sauerstoff über zwei Leitungen zugeführt wird, wobei eine der beiden Leitungen je nach Arbeitstakt geschlossen bzw. geöffnet wird. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung ermöglicht eine einfache Durchführung des Verfahrens, da zur Herstellung der beiden Betriebszustände - Berußen und Warten - nur eine Luft- oder Sauerstoffzuleitung geschlossen oder geöffnet werden muß.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that air or oxygen is fed to the burner via two lines, one of the two lines being closed or opened depending on the working cycle. Such an embodiment enables the method to be carried out in a simple manner, since only one air or oxygen supply line has to be closed or opened in order to produce the two operating states - sooting and waiting.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit einem Brenner, der mit einer Acetylen- bzw. Propanzuleitung mit Druckeinstellventil verbunden ist, besitzt zwei an den Brenner angeschlossene Druckluftzuleitungen, die mit Druckeinstellventilen versehen sind, wobei in einer Druckluftzuleitung zusätzlich ein ansteuerbares Verschlußentil, z.B. ein Magnetventil, angeordnet ist.An advantageous embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention with a burner, which with an acetylene or propane feed Pressure adjustment valve is connected, has two compressed air supply lines connected to the burner, which are provided with pressure adjustment valves, a controllable closure valve, for example a solenoid valve, being additionally arranged in a compressed air supply line.
Der Anschluß eines Brenners an zwei Druckluftzuleitungen ist eine in der Regel einfach zu realisierende Maßnahme. Es ist eine Versorgung aus Druckgasflaschen oder aus einer Druckluftanlage möglich. Der Einbau von Druckeinstellventilen in die Druckluftzuleitungen verschafft die Möglichkeit, die Luftzufuhr nach Wunsch zwischen zwei Werten zu variieren, je nach dem ob sich das in einer Zuleitung eingebaute Verschlußventil in geöffnetem oder geschlossenem Zustand befindet. Der Einbau eines ansteuerbaren Verschlußventils, z.B. eines Magnetventils, stellt die Eignung der Vorrichtung insbesondere für getaktete Berußungsvorgänge, z.B. in einer Fertigungsstraße, her.The connection of a burner to two compressed air supply lines is a measure that is generally easy to implement. A supply from compressed gas cylinders or from a compressed air system is possible. The installation of pressure adjustment valves in the compressed air supply lines enables the air supply to be varied between two values as required, depending on whether the shut-off valve installed in a supply line is in the open or closed state. The installation of a controllable shut-off valve, e.g. of a solenoid valve, makes the device particularly suitable for clocked sooting processes, e.g. in a production line.
Im folgenden wird anhand der schematischen Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erläutert, mit dem Gießformen berußt werden sollen.In the following, an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is explained with the aid of the schematic drawings, with which casting molds are to be sooted.
Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- Anordnung mit Berußungsvorrichtung und Gießform in der Berußungsphase;
Figur 2- Anordnung mit Berußungsvorrichtung und Gießform in der Berußungspause.
- Figure 1
- Arrangement with sooting device and casting mold in the sooting phase;
- Figure 2
- Arrangement with sooting device and casting mold during the sooting break.
In Figur 1 ist eine Berußungsvorrichtung 1 und seine Anordnung bezüglich einer Gießform 2 mit Fördereinrichtung 3 in der Berußungsphase gezeigt. Die Berußungsvorrichtung 1 besteht aus einem Brenner 4, einer Acetylenzuleitung 5 und zwei Druckluftzuleitungen 6, 7. In den Zuleitungen 5, 6, 7 sind Druckeinstellventile 8 angeordnet, und überdies in der Druckluftzuleitung 7 ein Magnetventil 9, das sich in der dargestellten Berußungsphase im Schließzustand befindet. Man erkennt, daß in diesem Betriebszustand eine längliche, weitreichende Brennerflamme 10 entsteht, die die Gießform 2 mit Ruß beaufschlagt.FIG. 1 shows a sooting device 1 and its arrangement in relation to a
In Figur 2 ist die Berußungsvorrichtung 1 und die Geißform 2 nach Beendigung der Berußung dargestellt. Das Magnetventil 9 befindet sich jetzt in geöffnetem Zustand und gibt somit die zusätzliche Zufuhr von Druckluft über die Zuleitung 7 zum Brenner 4 frei. Man erhält damit eine kleine, im Querschnitt linsenförmige Brennerflamme 11, die nicht rußt. Weiters erkennt man, daß der Abstand Flamme-Gießform bzw. Fördereinrichtung jetzt so groß ist, daß die Flamme keine schädigenden Auswirkungen auf die Gießform 2 und die Fördereinrichtung 3 mehr haben kann.FIG. 2 shows the soot device 1 and the
Geeignete Einstelldrücke für dieses Ausführungsbeispiel sind:
Claims (6)
- A process for the clock-controlled sooting of surfaces of objects comprising a burner, with which a combustible gas containing carbon is burned with air or oxygen, characterised in that the mixture ratio of combustible gas / air or combustible gas / oxygen is reduced in clock-controlled fashion in the respective intervals between sooting in relation to the mixture ratio in the sooting phases.
- A process as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that acetylene, to which air is admixed, is used as combustible gas.
- A process as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that propane, to which air is admixed, is used as combustible gas.
- A process as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that the sooting is carried out with an acetylene-air ratio of 1 : 0.1 to 1 : 0.5, and in the intervals between sooting the supply of air is increased in such manner that an acetylene-air ratio of 1 : 5 to 1 : 9, preferably 1 : 7 is produced.
- A process as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that air or oxygen is supplied to the burner via two lines, where one of the lines is closed or opened in accordance with the operating phase.
- A device for the implementation of the process claimed in one of Claims 1 to 5, comprising a burner which is connected to a combustible gas supply line with pressure adjusting valve, characterised in that the burner is connected to two compressed air supply lines which are provided with pressure adjusting valves, where a driven closing valve, e.g. a magnet valve, is additionally arranged in a compressed air supply line.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT88109119T ATE83407T1 (en) | 1987-06-16 | 1988-06-08 | PROCESS FOR CYCLING SOOTING OF SURFACES WITH A BURNER. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873720181 DE3720181A1 (en) | 1987-06-16 | 1987-06-16 | METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY BURNING SURFACES WITH A BURNER |
| DE3720181 | 1987-06-16 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0295558A2 EP0295558A2 (en) | 1988-12-21 |
| EP0295558A3 EP0295558A3 (en) | 1989-12-27 |
| EP0295558B1 true EP0295558B1 (en) | 1992-12-16 |
Family
ID=6329845
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88109119A Expired - Lifetime EP0295558B1 (en) | 1987-06-16 | 1988-06-08 | Process for periodically sooting surfaces with a burner |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0295558B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE83407T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3720181A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2036237T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3912988A1 (en) * | 1989-04-20 | 1990-10-25 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | METHOD FOR BOTTOMING AREAS OF OBJECTS WITH A BURNER |
| DE4311773C2 (en) * | 1993-04-08 | 2001-05-03 | Linde Gas Ag | Method and device for coating surfaces with soot by means of combustion |
| DE19945461A1 (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2001-04-19 | Linde Gas Ag | Process for improving the magnesium die casting process |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1495728A (en) * | 1922-06-15 | 1924-05-27 | George M Holley | Automatic cleaning and application of lampblack to metal molds |
| US1535149A (en) * | 1922-09-27 | 1925-04-28 | Earl Holley | Automatic application of lampblack to metal molds |
| US1543085A (en) * | 1924-03-26 | 1925-06-23 | Earl Holley | Mold cleaning, heating, and lampblacking device |
| DE3310758C2 (en) * | 1983-03-24 | 1985-06-13 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Process for coating surfaces with soot and a burner system for carrying out the process |
-
1987
- 1987-06-16 DE DE19873720181 patent/DE3720181A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1988
- 1988-06-08 DE DE8888109119T patent/DE3876691D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-06-08 ES ES198888109119T patent/ES2036237T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-06-08 AT AT88109119T patent/ATE83407T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-06-08 EP EP88109119A patent/EP0295558B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2036237T3 (en) | 1993-05-16 |
| DE3720181A1 (en) | 1989-01-05 |
| ATE83407T1 (en) | 1993-01-15 |
| EP0295558A3 (en) | 1989-12-27 |
| EP0295558A2 (en) | 1988-12-21 |
| DE3876691D1 (en) | 1993-01-28 |
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