EP0293310B1 - Verfahren zum Kalibrieren eines elektronischen Drehmomentschlüssels - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Kalibrieren eines elektronischen Drehmomentschlüssels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0293310B1
EP0293310B1 EP88420167A EP88420167A EP0293310B1 EP 0293310 B1 EP0293310 B1 EP 0293310B1 EP 88420167 A EP88420167 A EP 88420167A EP 88420167 A EP88420167 A EP 88420167A EP 0293310 B1 EP0293310 B1 EP 0293310B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
couple
point
wrench
torque
force
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP88420167A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0293310A1 (de
Inventor
Georges Heyraud
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SAM Outillage SAS
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SAM Outillage SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/142—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/1422—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters
    • B25B23/1425—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters by electrical means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a calibration method for an electronic torque wrench fitted with strain gauges arranged on a part forming a sensor and supplying an electrical output voltage which, depending on the torque exerted on the key, reacts on electronic means indicating this couple.
  • FIG. 1 which partially and very schematically represents an electronic torque wrench of this type, are referenced at 1 the sensor-forming part, at 2 the hollow handle closed by a removable plug 3, and at 4 the electronic measurement circuit and display which is associated with the strain gauges 5, 6 placed on the collecting piece 1 on either side of the transverse plane 7.
  • a key is for example structurally as described in document FR-A-2,568 009.
  • the removable drive head which adapts to the part 1 to exert the torque at point A, has not been shown.
  • FIG. 2 Another case of improper use of the key has been shown in FIG. 2 attached.
  • the operator applies, in addition to the force F oriented from top to bottom and applied to point B with the four fingers of the hand except the thumb, a parasitic force F ′ equal to F but oriented from bottom to top and located at a point E closer to A.
  • the torque C applied at A is zero and it s 'exerts on this point a tangential displacement force f, applied from bottom to top.
  • the point A being fixed by definition, the equilibrium of the key results in a reaction force R in A, this force being equal and opposite to the force f.
  • the strain gauges 5 and 6 nevertheless measure a non-zero bending, so that the value of the torque displayed by the key is not zero, which should however be the case since the effective torque C to be measured is indeed zero.
  • a force F is exerted from bottom to top at point B located at the end of the key, it generates at A a torque of value C.
  • the strain gauges 5 and 6 measure bending torques C1 and C2 respectively.
  • this analog subtractor On the output 23 of this analog subtractor therefore appears a voltage representative of C1 _ C2.
  • This voltage is applied, through a manually adjustable input resistor 25 (constituted by a potentiometer), to the input terminal (_) of another differential amplifier 26.
  • This differential amplifier 26, which is mounted as an adder, is also equipped with a feedback resistor 27, connected between its output 28 and its input terminal (_).
  • the resistor 27 is in this example adjusted to give this stage a gain equal to 1. Obviously, it could be adjusted to give it a gain greater than 1 for an additional purpose of amplifying the signal.
  • the input terminal (_) of the differential amplifier 26 also receives, through an input resistor 29 of fixed value, the voltage representative of C1 which appears at 11.
  • the constant factor k is determined by adjusting the potentiometer 25 during the calibration operation which was previously defined with reference to FIG. 4.
  • this potentiometer 25 is mounted on the card electronics 4 so as to be accessible by an adjustment screwdriver, for example after removing the end plug 3 from the key.
  • the circuit of FIG. 7 constitutes only an input circuit, and it is followed by the amplification and adaptation circuits necessary to allow the display of the torque C on the screen of the digital display. of the key.
  • the signals at the output of the Weatstone bridge 8 are very weak, so that in addition to the fact previously mentioned, that the last stage 26 can also operate as an amplifier, it is possible to introduce, between the outputs 11, 12 of the bridge 8 and the input resistors 19, 20 of stage 21, an amplification stage 30, shown in detail in FIG. 8 and known per se in the field of instrumentation.
  • This stage 30 conventionally comprises two differential amplifiers 31 and 32, one per channel, with feedback resistors 33 and 34 respectively, and a gain adjustment potentiometer 35.
  • the calibration will be done by adjusting, under the conditions of FIG. 4, the value of the potentiometer 37 so that the displayed torque C is equal to 0.
  • the value actually calculated thereafter will be each time equal to: VS 1 + k that is to say that the calculated value will be equal to C to the nearest other constant, equal to: 1 1 + k which in fact does not present any drawback with regard to the display by the key of the applied torque C.
  • FIG. 10 shows a first embodiment of this variant of the invention.
  • the bridge 8 of this input circuit is identical, electrically speaking to that of FIG. 7, so that it has the same references.
  • C1 a measurement substantially higher than that obtained for C2.
  • This can be obtained either by spreading the gauges 5 and 6 enough, or by making the sensor 1 with a moment of inertia lower at the level of the gauge 5 (measurement C1) than at the level of the gauge 6 (measurement C2): for example in FIG. 11, this is achieved by a longitudinal asymmetry of the sensor 1 in the vertical longitudinal section plane, and in FIG. 12, this is achieved by a longitudinal asymmetry of this sensor in the horizontal longitudinal section plane.
  • FIG. 13 shows an embodiment which gives the same analog result as the circuit of FIG. 10, but with the resistors R5 and R6 in opposite branches of the bridge 8: the realization of this figure is, compared to that of figure 10, what is the realization of figure 9 compared to that of figure 7.
  • FIG. 14 shows a simplified device which carries out the preceding equation directly in bridge 8.
  • two adjacent branches comprise the Zener diodes 13 and 14
  • a third branch comprises the resistance R5
  • the fourth branch comprises the resistance R6, in series with a potentiometer resistance 44 whose value must correspond, after calibration according to the Figure 4, to the value: k 1 + k .
  • the electronic card 4 comprises at least a microprocessor and a memory, and the key is equipped with an order input socket.
  • the calibration is carried out, under the conditions of FIG. 4, by entering, during this calibration operation where the torque C is zero, an order of calculation and storage of the constant factor k or k k + 1 . Thereafter, the microprocessor calculates at each measurement the value of the torque C using this value of k, memorized for this key once and for all.
  • the calibration also takes account of the constructive characteristics of the key, such as actual dimensions of the elements within the manufacturing tolerance ranges, various functional clearances, real moment of inertia of the section carrying the gauges. stress, sensitivity and characteristics of these gauges, actual positions of these gauges depending on the conditions of their bonding to the sensor.
  • the electronic means according to the invention make it possible to produce the key with manufacturing methods which do not require tight tolerances for the metallurgical, mechanical and electrical characteristics of its various constituent elements, without this influencing the final measurement precision, since this depends solely on the calibration of the k factor taking these data into account.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Indication And Recording Devices For Special Purposes And Tariff Metering Devices (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Verfahren zum Eichen eines elektronischen Drehmomentschlüssels, der mit wenigstens zwei Dehnungsmeßstreifen (5 und 6) ausgestattet ist, die zu beiden Seiten einer transversalen Ebene (7) an einem einen Meßfühler bildenden Teil (1) angeordnet sind und von denen jeder eine elektrische Ausgangsspannung (C1 bzw. C2) liefert, die von dem über den Schlüssel auf den Angriffspunkt (A) ausgeübten Drehmoment (C) abhängig ist und die auf einem Anzeigegerät vorgeordnete elektronische Mittel (4) einwirkt, welche den für das Drehmoment (C) repräsentativen Wert unter Berücksichtigung eines konstanten Faktors zu dem Anzeigegerät übertragen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verfahren folgende Phasen enthält:
- Durchführen einer Eichmessung, für die das auf den Angriffspunkt (A) ausgeübte Drehmoment durch eine parasitäre Kraft (F′) zu Null gemacht wird, die die entgegengesetzte Richtung der Angriffskraft (F) hat und an einem von dem Angriffspunkt (B) dieser Kraft (F) abweichenden Punkt (E) angelegt wird,
- Bestimmen und Speichern eines dem Wert Null des angezeigten Drehmoments entsprechenden konstanten Faktors (K, K/(K+1′),...) im Verlauf dieser Messung durch elektronische Mittel (4),
- Verwenden dieses konstanten Faktors bei jeder nachfolgenden Messung, um durch Anwendung der Formel
C = C1 + K (C1 _ C2)
Figure imgb0036
den Wert des an dem Angriffspunkt (A) ausgeübten Drehmoments (C) als Funktion der von den Dehnungsmeßstreifen (5 und 6) effektiv gemessenen Drehmomente (C1 und C1) zu bestimmen.
2. Verfahren zum Eichen eines elektronischen Drehmomentschlüssels nach Anspruch l, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektronischen Meß-, Speicherund Rechenmittel von ein und derselben analogen Schaltung (10 bis 28, 10 bis 43) gebildet sind, die so beschaffen ist, daß sie das Drehmoment (C) nach der Formel
C = C1 + K (C1 _ C2)
Figure imgb0037
berechnet.
3. Verfahren zum Eichen eines elektronischen Drenmomentschlüssels nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die analoge Schaltung aufweist:
- eine Wheatstone-Brücke (8), die in zweien ihrer Zweige die Dehnungsmeßstreifen (5 und 6) enthält und deren beiden anderen Zweige Widerstände (17 und 18) enthalten, deren ohmsche Werte jeweils gleich denen der Leerlaufwiderstände (R5 bzw. R6) der Dehnungsmeßstreifen (5 und 6) sind, so daß die Brücke (8) sich im Gleichgewicht befindet, wenn kein Drehmoment (C) vorhanden ist, und
- im Ausgangskreis der Brücke (8) wenigstens zwei Addier- bzw. Subtrahierverstärker (26, 30, 31 bzw. 21), von denen der eine mit einem Potentiometer-Widerstand (25, 37, 39) verbunden ist, der zur Nullpunkteinstellung der Anzeige dient, die der Schlüssel liefert, wenn sein Drehmoment (C) durch Anlegen der parasitären Kraft (F′) auf Null gebracht ist, wobei das Einstellen des Widerstandswerts des Potentiometers den konstanten Faktor (K, K/(K+1′),...) bestimmt und speichert.
4. Verfahren zum Eichen eines elektronischen Drehmomentschlüssels nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die analoge Schaltung eine Wheatstone-Brücke (8) umfaßt, die in zweien ihrer Zweige Zenerdioden (13-14) und in einem dritten Zweig den Dehnungsmeßstreifen (5) mit dem ohmschen Wert (R5) enthält, während der vierte Zweig in Reihe mit dem Dehnungsmeßstreifen (6) einen veränderlichen Widerstand (44) enthält zur Nullpunkteinstellung der Anzeige, die der Schlüssel liefert, wenn sein Drehmoment (C) durch Anlegen der parasitären Kraft (F′) auf Null gebracht ist.
5. Verfahren zum Eichen eines elektronischen Drehmomentschlüssels nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Speicher- und Rechenmittel digitale Mittel sind und daß der Schlüssel einen Anschluß aufweist für die Eingabe des bei dem Eichvorgang anzuwendenden Befehls zum Berechnen und Speichern des konstanten Faktors (K, K/(K+1′),...).
6. Verfahren zum Eichen eines elektronischen Drehmomentschlüssels nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Meßfühler (1) und/oder die Dehnungsmeßstreifen (5, 6) so angeordnet sind, daß sie Meßspannungen liefern, von denen diejenige, die das Drehmoment (C1) repräsentiert, merklich größer als diejenige, die das Drehmoment (C2) repräsentiert.
EP88420167A 1987-05-27 1988-05-26 Verfahren zum Kalibrieren eines elektronischen Drehmomentschlüssels Expired - Lifetime EP0293310B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88420167T ATE63251T1 (de) 1987-05-27 1988-05-26 Verfahren zum kalibrieren eines elektronischen drehmomentschluessels.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8707833 1987-05-27
FR8707833A FR2615948B1 (fr) 1987-05-27 1987-05-27 Cle dynamometrique electronique

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EP0293310A1 EP0293310A1 (de) 1988-11-30
EP0293310B1 true EP0293310B1 (de) 1991-05-08

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US (1) US4864841A (de)
EP (1) EP0293310B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE63251T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3862682D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2022688B3 (de)
FR (1) FR2615948B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (19)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4982612A (en) * 1988-10-03 1991-01-08 Snap-On Tools Corporation Torque wrench with measurements independent of hand-hold position
FR2707395B1 (fr) * 1993-07-09 1995-10-06 Facom Outil de mesure d'un couple, tel qu'une clé dynamométrique électronique.
GB9401332D0 (en) * 1994-01-25 1994-03-23 Dawood Andrew J S An apparatus for testing the passive fit of screw retained structures
US6070506A (en) * 1998-07-20 2000-06-06 Snap-On Tools Company Ratchet head electronic torque wrench
US6968759B2 (en) * 2001-11-14 2005-11-29 Snap-On Incorporated Electronic torque wrench
US6784799B2 (en) * 2002-08-07 2004-08-31 Chih-Ching Hsien Tension meter and wrench arrangement
US6796190B2 (en) * 2003-02-19 2004-09-28 Snap-On Incorporated Electronic torque wrench with flexible head
US7392712B2 (en) * 2003-06-25 2008-07-01 Chih-Ching Hsieh Electronic torsional tool
US7107884B2 (en) * 2003-10-03 2006-09-19 Snap-On Incorporated Ergonomic electronic torque wrench
US20060027058A1 (en) * 2004-08-04 2006-02-09 Chih-Ching Hsien Electronic torque wrench
US7448284B2 (en) * 2006-05-23 2008-11-11 Chih-Ching Hsieh Spanner with strain alarm function
US20080127711A1 (en) * 2006-12-04 2008-06-05 Farag Tarek A Z Force and Torque Measurements with Calibration and Auto Scale
DE202008002913U1 (de) * 2008-02-29 2008-05-08 Eduard Wille Gmbh & Co. Kg Betätigungsvorrichtung zum Kalibrieren von Drehmomentschlüsseln
ITMI20090225A1 (it) 2009-02-19 2010-08-20 Studio A I P S R L Dispositivo avvitatore per applicazioni medicali, in particolare per implantologia endossea
US8844381B2 (en) * 2009-04-03 2014-09-30 Apex Brands, Inc. Electronic torque wrench with dual tension beam
US8714057B2 (en) * 2010-01-04 2014-05-06 Apex Brands, Inc. Ratcheting device for an electronic torque wrench
US10987785B2 (en) 2016-08-15 2021-04-27 Gauthier Biomedical, Inc. Electronic torque wrench with transducer check function
IT201900013089A1 (it) * 2019-07-26 2021-01-26 Scs Concept S R L Chiave dinamometrica elettronica con rilevamento ostacoli
CN113758618B (zh) * 2020-06-04 2024-05-28 威海北洋电气集团股份有限公司 基于双通路信号校正的数字式扭矩测量装置和方法

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US3970155A (en) * 1974-01-14 1976-07-20 Jo-Line Tools, Inc. Electronic torque wrench
GB1492984A (en) * 1974-02-26 1977-11-23 Loughborough Consult Ltd Tools for tightening threaded fastenings
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DE3139374A1 (de) * 1981-10-03 1983-04-14 Dr. Staiger, Mohilo + Co GmbH, 7060 Schorndorf Mechanischer drehmementschluessel (drehmomentmessung ausserhalb des angriffszentrums)
DE3228086A1 (de) * 1982-07-28 1984-02-16 Dipl.-Ing. Peter Pohl GmbH, 4010 Hilden Drehmomentschluessel mit elektronischer messung, auswertung und anzeige
FR2538741A1 (fr) * 1982-12-30 1984-07-06 Facom Cle dynamometrique a extensometres electriques
FR2568009B1 (fr) * 1984-07-23 1986-12-26 Stephanoises Forges Structure de cle dynamometrique electronique
FR2568010B1 (fr) * 1984-07-23 1987-05-15 Stephanoises Forges Cle dynamometrique electronique
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FR2584330B1 (fr) * 1985-07-02 1990-06-08 Renault Ets G Nouvelle cle de serrage dynamometrique du type a elements deformants de flexion

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Publication number Publication date
EP0293310A1 (de) 1988-11-30
FR2615948A1 (fr) 1988-12-02
ATE63251T1 (de) 1991-05-15
US4864841A (en) 1989-09-12
FR2615948B1 (fr) 1989-10-27
DE3862682D1 (de) 1991-06-13
ES2022688B3 (es) 1991-12-01

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