EP0291722B1 - Gear machine (pump or motor) - Google Patents

Gear machine (pump or motor) Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0291722B1
EP0291722B1 EP19880106482 EP88106482A EP0291722B1 EP 0291722 B1 EP0291722 B1 EP 0291722B1 EP 19880106482 EP19880106482 EP 19880106482 EP 88106482 A EP88106482 A EP 88106482A EP 0291722 B1 EP0291722 B1 EP 0291722B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
bearing bodies
bearing
gearwheels
seals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19880106482
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0291722A1 (en
Inventor
Claus Ing. grad. Jöns
Karl-Heinz Dipl.-Ing. Müller
Rudolf Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0291722A1 publication Critical patent/EP0291722A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0003Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C15/0023Axial sealings for working fluid
    • F04C15/0026Elements specially adapted for sealing of the lateral faces of intermeshing-engagement type machines or pumps, e.g. gear machines or pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gear machine according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a gear machine is known in which the shafts of two meshing gears are mounted in cylindrical bearing bodies, in particular bearing bushes. Between the circumferential surfaces of the bearing bodies and the respectively adjacent housing wall, zones are delimited in the high pressure area by sealants, in which there is low pressure, for example suction pressure or atmospheric pressure. These zones of low pressure are relieved by a channel to the low pressure side. In a machine of this type, the bearing bodies are partially relieved, but these relieves are not sufficient, in particular to sufficiently reduce the pressure effects on the housing or the housing walls.
  • the gear machine according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that extensive pressure relief of the housing and bearing bodies is achieved, whereby the efficiency and the life of the machine are further improved.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of the invention is shown in the following drawing and explained in more detail in the description.
  • the drawing shows in Figure 1 a longitudinal section through a gear pump, in Figure 2 a section along II-II of Figure 1, in Figure 3 a section along III-III of Figure 1, in Figures 4 and 5 individual parts and in Figure 6 one slight modification of a detail according to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1.
  • the gear pump has a housing 10 which is sealed on both sides by covers 11, 12.
  • the interior 13 of the housing is formed by two intersecting bores 14, 15, which results in the cross-sectional shape of approximately an eight.
  • two gears 16, 17 mesh with one another in external engagement.
  • Their shaft journals 16A, 16B and 17A, 17B are mounted in bush-shaped bearing bodies 19, 20 and 21, 22, respectively.
  • known spectacle-shaped bearing bodies can also be used, which differ only in that the parts 19, 21 and 20, 22 are formed in one piece.
  • the shaft journal 17B has an extension 23 which penetrates through a hole 24 in the cover and serves to drive the pump.
  • a shaft sealing ring 25 is arranged in the bore 24.
  • the bearing bodies 19 to 22 are brought into sealing contact with the gearwheels by their pressure-side faces 27, 28 on their gearwheel side faces.
  • the pressure fields 27, 28 have approximately the shape of a three and are each formed by a sealing body 29 and 30, respectively.
  • Such a sealing body is shown in simplified form in FIG. 4 and is otherwise known in its form and in its application and is frequently used.
  • the focus of the areas of the pressure fields is on the high pressure side of the machine; the outlet bore on the high-pressure side is designated 32, the inlet bore 33.
  • the sealing body 29 has a U-shaped cross section, as shown in FIG. 5, and is inserted in corresponding grooves 34, 35 on the end faces of the bearing bodies facing away from the gearwheels in such a way that the bottom surface 29A rests on the base of the grooves.
  • the pressure fields are acted upon via bores 36, 37, which run parallel to the shaft axes in the bearing bodies, are connected to the high pressure side and open into the pressure fields.
  • a circumferential groove 39 or 40 which starts from the high pressure side but does not extend all the way to the low pressure side _ see in particular FIG. 2. that the circumferential groove ends a good way before the mouth of the bore 33 in the interior of the housing.
  • a seal 41 or 42 is arranged in each of these circumferential grooves. Due to the liquid pressure on the high pressure side, all bearing bodies are shifted towards the low pressure side and come into metallic contact with the wall of the interior. This results in a gap on the opposite side of the bearing body, since this with little axial and radial play in the interior of the housing are arranged.
  • relief grooves 43, 44 and 45, 46 which are connected to the low-pressure side, can be provided between the seals 41, 42 and the outer parts of the bearing bodies on the outer circumference of the same and also parallel to the circumferential grooves 39, 40. In this way, no pressure can build up there due to leaking pressure medium.
  • FIG. 3 where it can be seen that the seals 41, 42 are expediently acted upon via channels 49, 50 which are connected to the high-pressure side (outlet channel 32), as a result of which their pressing force and thus sealing force are improved.
  • the seals 41, 42 can also be arranged directly on the gear-side end of the bearing body.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Zahnradmaschine nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Nach der DE-A-24 43 600 ist eine Zahnradmaschine bekannt, bei der die Wellen zweier miteinander kämmender Zahnräder in zylindrischen Lagerkörpern, insbesondere Lagerbuchsen, gelagert sind. Zwischen den Umfangsflächen der Lagerkörper und der jeweils angrenzenden Gehäusewand sind im Hochdruckbereich durch Dichtmittel abgegrenzte Zonen angeordnet, in denen niedriger Druck herrscht, z.B. Saugdruck oder atmosphärischer Druck. Diese Zonen geringen Drucks werden durch je einen Kanal zur Niederdruckseite entlastet. Bei einer Maschine dieser Art werden zwar die Lagerkörper zum Teil entlastet, doch reichen diese Entlastungen nicht aus, insbesondere die Druckwirkungen auf das Gehäuse bzw. die Gehäusewände ausreichend zu verringern.The invention relates to a gear machine according to the preamble of the main claim. According to DE-A-24 43 600 a gear machine is known in which the shafts of two meshing gears are mounted in cylindrical bearing bodies, in particular bearing bushes. Between the circumferential surfaces of the bearing bodies and the respectively adjacent housing wall, zones are delimited in the high pressure area by sealants, in which there is low pressure, for example suction pressure or atmospheric pressure. These zones of low pressure are relieved by a channel to the low pressure side. In a machine of this type, the bearing bodies are partially relieved, but these relieves are not sufficient, in particular to sufficiently reduce the pressure effects on the housing or the housing walls.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Zahnradmaschine mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß eine weitreichende Druckentlastung von Gehäuse und Lagerkörpern erreicht wird, wodurch der Wirkungsgrad und die Lebensdauer der Maschine weiterhin verbessert werden.The gear machine according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that extensive pressure relief of the housing and bearing bodies is achieved, whereby the efficiency and the life of the machine are further improved.

Besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der nachfolgenden Zeichnung dargestellt und in der Beschreibung näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung zeigt in Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch eine Zahnradpumpe, in Figur 2 einen Schnitt längs II-II nach Figur 1, in Figur 3 einen Schnitt längs III-III nach Figur 1, in den Figuren 4 und 5 Einzelteile und in Figur 6 eine geringfügige Abwandlung einer Einzelheit nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 1.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the following drawing and explained in more detail in the description. The drawing shows in Figure 1 a longitudinal section through a gear pump, in Figure 2 a section along II-II of Figure 1, in Figure 3 a section along III-III of Figure 1, in Figures 4 and 5 individual parts and in Figure 6 one slight modification of a detail according to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Die Zahnradpumpe hat ein Gehäuse 10, das beidseitig durch Deckel 11, 12 dicht verschlossen ist. Der Innenraum 13 des Gehäuse ist gebildet durch zwei sich überschneidende Bohrungen 14, 15, wodurch sich die Querschnittsform etwa einer Acht ergibt.The gear pump has a housing 10 which is sealed on both sides by covers 11, 12. The interior 13 of the housing is formed by two intersecting bores 14, 15, which results in the cross-sectional shape of approximately an eight.

Im Gehäuse 10 kämmen zwei Zahnräder 16, 17 im Außeneingriff miteinander. Ihre Wellenzapfen 16A, 16B bzw. 17A, 17B sind in buchsenförmigen Lagerkörpern 19, 20 bzw. 21, 22 gelagert. Anstelle der buchsenförmigen Lagerkörper können auch an sich bekannte brillenförmige Lagerkörper verwendet werden, die sich lediglich dadurch unterscheiden, daß die Teile 19, 21 bzw. 20, 22 einteilig ausgebildet sind. Der Wellenzapfen 17B hat einen Fortsatz 23, der durch eine Bohrung 24 im Deckel nach außen dringt und zum Antrieb der Pumpe dient. In der Bohrung 24 ist ein Wellendichtring 25 angeordnet.In the housing 10, two gears 16, 17 mesh with one another in external engagement. Their shaft journals 16A, 16B and 17A, 17B are mounted in bush-shaped bearing bodies 19, 20 and 21, 22, respectively. Instead of the bush-shaped bearing body, known spectacle-shaped bearing bodies can also be used, which differ only in that the parts 19, 21 and 20, 22 are formed in one piece. The shaft journal 17B has an extension 23 which penetrates through a hole 24 in the cover and serves to drive the pump. A shaft sealing ring 25 is arranged in the bore 24.

Die Lagerkörper 19 bis 22 werden durch an ihren den Zahnradseitenflächen abgewandte Druckfelder 27, 28 mit ihren zahnradseitigen Stirnseiten in dichtende Berührung mit den Zahnrädern gebracht. Die Druckfelder 27, 28 haben etwa die Form einer Drei und sind gebildet durch jeweils einen Dichtkörper 29 bzw. 30. Ein solcher Dichtkörper ist in Figur 4 vereinfacht dargestellt und ist im übrigen in seiner Form und in seiner Anwendung bekannt und häufig verwendet. Der Schwerpunkt der Flächen der Druckfelder befindet sich auf der Hochdruckseite der Maschine; die Auslaßbohrung der Hochdruckseite ist mit 32 bezeichnet, die Einlaßbohrung mit 33. Diese beiden Bohrungen verlaufen achsgleich zueinander und quer zur Eingriffsachse der Zahnräder und dringen in Höhe derselben in den Gehäuseinnenraum ein.The bearing bodies 19 to 22 are brought into sealing contact with the gearwheels by their pressure-side faces 27, 28 on their gearwheel side faces. The pressure fields 27, 28 have approximately the shape of a three and are each formed by a sealing body 29 and 30, respectively. Such a sealing body is shown in simplified form in FIG. 4 and is otherwise known in its form and in its application and is frequently used. The focus of the areas of the pressure fields is on the high pressure side of the machine; the outlet bore on the high-pressure side is designated 32, the inlet bore 33. These two bores are axially aligned with one another and transversely to the engagement axis of the gears and penetrate into the interior of the housing at the same level.

Der Dichtkörper 29 hat _ wie Figur 5 zeigt _ U-förmigen Querschnitt und ist derart in entsprechende Nuten 34, 35 an den den Zahnrädern abgewandten Stirnseiten der Lagerkörper eingelegt, daß die Bodenfläche 29A am Grund der Nuten anliegt. Damit ergibt sich ein nach außen hin offenes Druckfeld 27, das von der Hochdruckseite her beaufschlagt ist und dadurch die Lagerkörper gegen die Zahnradseitenflächen drückt, und zwar mit Kraftschwerpunkt auf der Hochdruckseite. Die Beaufschlagung der Druckfelder erfolgt über Bohrungen 36, 37, die in den Lagerkörpern parallel zu den Wellenachsen verlaufen, mit der Hochdruckseite in Verbindung stehen und in die Druckfelder münden.The sealing body 29 has a U-shaped cross section, as shown in FIG. 5, and is inserted in corresponding grooves 34, 35 on the end faces of the bearing bodies facing away from the gearwheels in such a way that the bottom surface 29A rests on the base of the grooves. This results in a pressure field 27 which is open to the outside and is acted upon from the high pressure side and thereby presses the bearing bodies against the gear side surfaces, with a center of gravity on the high pressure side. The pressure fields are acted upon via bores 36, 37, which run parallel to the shaft axes in the bearing bodies, are connected to the high pressure side and open into the pressure fields.

Am Außenumfang aller Lagerkörper verläuft in geringem Abstand zu den Zahnrädern 16, 17 und parallel zu diesen eine Umfangsnut 39 bzw. 40, die von der Hochdruckseite ausgeht, jedoch nicht ganz bis zur Niederdruckseite verläuft _ siehe hierzu insbesondere Figur 2. Dort ist zu erkennen, daß die Umfangsnut noch ein ganzes Stück vor der Mündung der Bohrung 33 in den Innenraum des Gehäuses endet. In jeder dieser Umfangsnut ist eine Dichtung 41 bzw. 42 angeordnet. Durch den Flüssigkeitsdruck auf der Hochdruckseite werden sämtliche Lagerkörper zur Niederdruckseite hin verschoben und kommen dort in metallische Berührung mit der Wandung des Innenraums. Dadurch ergibt sich auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Lagerkörper ein Spalt, da diese mit geringem axialem und radialem Spiel im Gehäuseinnenraum angeordnet sind. Wären keine besonderen Maßnahmen getroffen, so würde Druckmittel von der Auslaßbohrung 32 in diesen Spalt eindringen und die Lagerkörper über ihre gesamte Höhe, d.h. bis zu den Zahnrädern hin, beaufschlagen und auf die Gehäusewand eine sehr hohe Reaktionskraft ausüben. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung der Dichtung 41 und 42 wird dies vermieden, da das unter Hochdruck stehende Druckmittel nun nur noch bis zu diesen Dichtungen entlang der Außenseiten der Lagerkörper hochsteigen kann. Die übrigen Bereiche 47, 48 zwischen den Deckeln und den Dichtungen 41, 42 sind damit druckentlastet und damit auch der Innenraum 13 des Gehäuses. Zweckmäßigerweise können zwischen den Dichtungen 41, 42 und den außenliegenden Teilen der Lagerkörper noch am Außenumfang derselben und ebenfalls parallel zu den Umfangsnuten 39, 40 verlaufende Entlastungsnuten 43, 44 bzw. 45, 46 vorgesehen sein, die zur Niederdruckseite hin verbunden sind. Auf diese Weise kann sich dort infolge durchleckenden Druckmittels kein Druck aufbauen. Hierzu wird insbesondere auf Figur 3 verwiesen, wo zu erkennen ist, daß die Dichtungen 41, 42 zweckmäßigerweise über Kanäle 49, 50, die mit der Hochdruckseite in Verbindung stehen (Auslaßkanal 32), beaufschlagt werden, wodurch ihre Andrückkraft und damit Dichtkraft verbessert wird.On the outer circumference of all the bearing bodies runs at a short distance from the gear wheels 16, 17 and parallel to them a circumferential groove 39 or 40, which starts from the high pressure side but does not extend all the way to the low pressure side _ see in particular FIG. 2. that the circumferential groove ends a good way before the mouth of the bore 33 in the interior of the housing. A seal 41 or 42 is arranged in each of these circumferential grooves. Due to the liquid pressure on the high pressure side, all bearing bodies are shifted towards the low pressure side and come into metallic contact with the wall of the interior. This results in a gap on the opposite side of the bearing body, since this with little axial and radial play in the interior of the housing are arranged. If no special measures had been taken, pressure medium would penetrate into this gap from the outlet bore 32 and act on the bearing bodies over their entire height, ie up to the gearwheels, and exert a very high reaction force on the housing wall. This is avoided by the arrangement of the seals 41 and 42 according to the invention, since the pressure medium under high pressure can now only rise up to these seals along the outer sides of the bearing bodies. The remaining areas 47, 48 between the covers and the seals 41, 42 are thus relieved of pressure and thus also the interior 13 of the housing. Expediently, relief grooves 43, 44 and 45, 46, which are connected to the low-pressure side, can be provided between the seals 41, 42 and the outer parts of the bearing bodies on the outer circumference of the same and also parallel to the circumferential grooves 39, 40. In this way, no pressure can build up there due to leaking pressure medium. For this purpose, reference is made in particular to FIG. 3, where it can be seen that the seals 41, 42 are expediently acted upon via channels 49, 50 which are connected to the high-pressure side (outlet channel 32), as a result of which their pressing force and thus sealing force are improved.

Wie die Figur 6 zeigt, können die Dichtungen 41, 42 auch unmittelbar am zahnradseitigen Ende der Lagerkörper angeordnet sein.As FIG. 6 shows, the seals 41, 42 can also be arranged directly on the gear-side end of the bearing body.

Zur Entlastung des Gehäuseinnenraums ist es auch möglich, den Außenumfang der Lagerkörper zu reduzieren _ siehe hierzu Figur 3, die Eindrehung 53, welche mit der Niederdruckseite verbunden ist. Es ist außerdem möglich, nur an einer deckelseitigen Stirnseite der Lagerkörper ein axial wirkendes Druckfeld anzubringen _ derartige Konstruktionen sind jedoch an sich bekannt.To relieve the pressure on the interior of the housing, it is also possible to reduce the outer circumference of the bearing body - see FIG. 3, the recess 53, which is connected to the low-pressure side. It is also possible to apply an axially acting pressure field only to one end face of the bearing body on the cover side _ However, such constructions are known per se.

Claims (3)

1. Gear machine (pump or motor) with two externally engaging gearwheels (16, 17) whose trunnions are supported in bearing bodies (19 to 22) (bushes or "spectacle frames") which can be moved slightly axially and radially, of which bearing bodies at least the bearing body or bearing bodies on one side of the gearwheels is/are pressed by an axial pressure field (27, 28) into sealing contact with the gearwheel side surfaces, which axial pressure field is determined by a shaped sealing body (29, 30) and is subjected to pressure from the high-pressure side via a duct (36, 37), the geometrical centre of the pressure field being located on the high-pressure side of the machine, characterised by the following features:
a) a seal (41, 42) extending parallel to the gearwheels is located on the outer periphery of the bearing bodies (19, 20) near the gearwheel side surfaces;
b) the seals (41, 42) on the outer periphery of the bearing bodies extend from the high-pressure region (casing hole 32) but end before the low-pressure region (casing hole 33);
c) the (side) seals (41, 42) on the bearing bodies are subjected to high pressure via ducts (49, 50).
2. Machine according to claim 1 characterised in that the bearing bodies are somewhat reduced in diameter in the regions (53, 54) facing towards the cover.
3. Machine according to claim 1 and/or 2 characterised in that the seal (41, 42) extending externally on the bearing bodies is located directly on the gearwheel side surfaces.
EP19880106482 1987-05-18 1988-04-22 Gear machine (pump or motor) Expired - Lifetime EP0291722B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3716605 1987-05-18
DE19873716605 DE3716605A1 (en) 1987-05-18 1987-05-18 GEAR MACHINE (PUMP OR MOTOR)

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0291722A1 EP0291722A1 (en) 1988-11-23
EP0291722B1 true EP0291722B1 (en) 1991-04-24

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880106482 Expired - Lifetime EP0291722B1 (en) 1987-05-18 1988-04-22 Gear machine (pump or motor)

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0291722B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3716605A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT224734Z2 (en) * 1991-05-07 1996-06-27 GEAR MACHINE OPERATING AS A PUMP OR MOTOR.
DE102016213696B4 (en) 2016-07-26 2020-06-04 Eckerle Industrie-Elektronik Gmbh Gear fluid machine

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1910376U (en) * 1962-06-09 1965-02-18 Westinghouse Bremsen Gmbh EYEGLASSES GEAR PUMP.
FR1380759A (en) * 1963-10-25 1964-12-04 Sigma Improvements to gear pumps
US3664777A (en) * 1968-12-26 1972-05-23 Komatsu Mfg Co Ltd High pressure gear pump
DE2443600A1 (en) * 1974-09-12 1976-03-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert GEAR MACHINE
DE2847711A1 (en) * 1978-11-03 1980-05-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert GEAR MACHINE (PUMP OR HYDROMOTOR)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0291722A1 (en) 1988-11-23
DE3716605A1 (en) 1988-12-08
DE3862517D1 (en) 1991-05-29

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