EP0290773B1 - Method for manufacturing sections by grinding, and turbine blades so manufactured - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing sections by grinding, and turbine blades so manufactured Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0290773B1
EP0290773B1 EP88105239A EP88105239A EP0290773B1 EP 0290773 B1 EP0290773 B1 EP 0290773B1 EP 88105239 A EP88105239 A EP 88105239A EP 88105239 A EP88105239 A EP 88105239A EP 0290773 B1 EP0290773 B1 EP 0290773B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
grinding
blade
per unit
time
blank
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EP88105239A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0290773A1 (en
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Ulrich Kühne
Klaus Meyer
Karlheinz Heine
Klaus Rüschmann
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B24B19/14—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding turbine blades, propeller blades or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2200/00—Mathematical features
    • F05B2200/30—Mathematical features miscellaneous
    • F05B2200/31—Mathematical features miscellaneous odd
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a profile part from a blank, in particular for producing a turbomachine blade and an associated intermediate product.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a method which enables the most economical production of profile parts, the cross-sectional profile of which, at least in some areas, differs considerably from the cross-sectional profile of the associated blank.
  • the invention relates to a turbomachine blade manufactured according to this method, and to a typical associated intermediate product.
  • a typical application example is the production of a turbomachine blade.
  • the method according to the invention also occurs a very specific intermediate product, which is explained with its individual embodiments in claims 5 to 9.
  • the process is particularly suitable for the production of small turbomachine blades.
  • the The feed is therefore controlled or regulated in such a way that the machining volume per unit of time follows a predefinable function, preferably remains approximately constant. This means that the rotation and translation are slowed down if a lot of material has to be removed from the point just processed.
  • the entire constellation of the blank, the profile to be produced and the machining state achieved can be taken into account when determining an optimal function which the machining volume per unit time is to follow.
  • Decisive for the heating of the workpiece during grinding is the heat dissipation from the grinding point. Part of the heated material is removed immediately afterwards, for example, so that this heat input is not critical.
  • the dimensions of the workpiece, its heat capacity and thermal conductivity must be taken into account (in short: heat dissipation in the vicinity of the grinding point). It generally applies that the cutting volume per unit of time should be smaller the worse the heat dissipation at the grinding point. E.g. in very thin areas of the workpiece, the machining volume per unit of time must u. U. be reduced.
  • a method with the characterizing features of claim 5 is particularly economical. By grinding all non-concave contours of the blade in just one clamping, many work steps of the previously known machining steps can be saved. Manufacturing with very low tolerances is possible because of inaccuracies due to changing clamping of the workpiece. Considerable time savings in production can also be achieved since the intermediate storage of entire batches, from partially completed blades to the conversion of a machine to new machining tools, is practically completely eliminated.
  • the intermediate product has a total length f which is greater than the length a of the blade to be manufactured.
  • the blade itself consists of a blade root 2 with webs 2.1 and 2.2 grooves; all foot shapes known in the prior art can be used.
  • the blade has a head which has a parallelogram-shaped cross section and forms a closed shroud together with other blade heads during later installation.
  • the actual blade contour has a rounded inflow side 6, a pointed outflow side 7 and a convex suction side 4.
  • the later concave pressure side 5 is not yet finished in the intermediate product shown, but only ground flat.
  • the contour of the blade root 2 is lengthened by the length b, and the contour of the blade head 3 is lengthened by the length c.
  • a cutting device can later be attached in a defined manner. Further points the intermediate product has two remnants 8, 9 at the two ends, which do not necessarily have the same lengths c and e. These remnants serve to firmly clamp the blank or intermediate product during the entire grinding process.
  • the present invention enables e.g. an economical, precise manufacture of blades for turbomachinery, whereby a very fast production run is possible by saving many different work steps.
  • the production planning is simplified because intermediate storage is no longer necessary; the manufacturing time for an entire set of blades can be significantly reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

A grinding method for profiled parts, in particular turbine blades, blades manufactured accordingly and also typical associated intermediate products. In order to reduce the number of operations during manufacture and to make possible efficient production, the contours of base (2), head (3) and convex suction side (4) of a turbine blade are manufactured by deep grinding in one clamping set-up. A blank suitable for this machining has at its ends residual pieces (8, 9) which are used for the clamping and are cut off later. The entire blade contour with the exception of the pressure side is manufactured by rotation and translation of the blank relative to a rapidly rotating grinding wheel. In order to ensure an efficient grinding operation, the volume of metal removed per unit of time follows a predeterminable function during the pre-forming, which function can also be constant if need be. This possibly location-dependent and/or time-dependent function of the volume of metal removed per unit of time takes into account the heat dissipation in the workpiece in the vicinity of the respective grinding point in order to avoid thermal stresses in the surface layer. Finally, the final contour and surface finish is obtained during finish-grinding in the same clamping set-up. <IMAGE>

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Profilteiles aus einem Rohling insbesondere zur Herstellung einer Turbomaschinenschaufel und eines zugehörigen Zwischenproduktes.The present invention relates to a method for producing a profile part from a blank, in particular for producing a turbomachine blade and an associated intermediate product.

Die Herstellung von Profilteilen, z.B. Turbomaschinenschaufeln, insbesondere relativ kleinen Schaufeln, erfordert wegen deren komplizierter Form oft einen großen Bearbeitungsaufwand. Die bisher angewandten Methoden der zerspanenden Bearbeitung erfordern viele Arbeitsgänge mit unterschiedlichen Einspannungen und Bearbeitungswerkzeugen.The production of profile parts, e.g. Turbomachine blades, especially relatively small blades, often require a great deal of machining work because of their complicated shape. The previously used methods of machining require many operations with different clamps and machining tools.

Zwar ist es auch bekannt, bei der zerspanenden Bearbeitung Schleifmaschinen einzusetzen, jedoch wurde dies für die Vorformung von komplizierterer Profilteile, bei denen das herzustellende Querschnittsprofil sich erheblich vom Querschnittsprofil des Rohlings unterscheidet, bisher nicht in Betracht gezogen. Bei bekannten Schleifverfahren werden im allgemeinen lediglich ebene oder einfach geformte, z.B. runde Flächen bearbeitet, wobei eine konstante Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen Werkstück und Schleifscheibe eingehalten wird.Although it is also known to use grinding machines for machining, this has not previously been considered for the preforming of more complicated profile parts in which the cross-sectional profile to be produced differs significantly from the cross-sectional profile of the blank. In known grinding processes, generally only flat or simply shaped, e.g. machined round surfaces, while maintaining a constant relative speed between workpiece and grinding wheel.

Aus dem Artikel "Schleifen von Rohteilen mit geregeltem Zeitspanvolumen", VDI-Z Bd. 128 (1986) Nr.23/24 Dezember (I/II), S. 935 bis 939, sind Regelungsmöglichkeiten beim Fertigschleifen von Rohteilen bekannt, jedoch handelt auch dieser Artikel nur von einfachen, beispielsweise runden Profilteilen und betrifft nur das Schruppen und Schlichten als letzten Fertigungsschritt. Die Problematik, die sich beim Vorformen von Profilteilen aus einem Rohling ergibt, bei denen an manchen Bereichen des Querschnittes viel Material abgetragen werden muß und an manchen wenig, wie dies z.B. bei Turbomaschinenschaufeln der Fall ist, wird nicht angesprochen.From the article "Grinding raw parts with a controlled chip removal volume", VDI-Z Vol. 128 (1986) No. 23/24 December (I / II), pp. 935 to 939, control options are known for finish grinding raw parts, but also acts This article only deals with simple, for example round, profile parts and only concerns roughing and finishing as the last production step. The problem that arises when preforming profile parts from a blank, in some areas a lot of material has to be removed from the cross-section and little at some, as is the case with turbomachine blades, for example, is not addressed.

Aus der DE-A-22 43 863 ist eine Schleifvorrichtung zum Bearbeiten von Schaufeln von Strömungsmaschinen bekannt, jedoch beschäftigt sich diese Schrift nicht mit dem Vorformen eines Profils aus einem Rohling, sondern lediglich mit der abschließenden Feinbearbeitung. Überhaupt ist es für Turbinenschaufeln durchaus bekannt, bei der Endbearbeitung und auch bei einzelnen Abschnitten Schleifverfahren einzusetzen. Aus der Zeitschrift "Werkstatt und Betrieb", 118 (1985) 3, München, Deutschland, S. 149 ff. sind bereits einige Probleme, die sich beim Vollschnitt- bzw. Tiefschleifverfahren ergeben, bekannt. Hier werden auch die Probleme der Wärmeeinbringung in das Werkstück erwähnt. Allerdings beschäftigt sich diese Schrift nicht mit dem Vorformen des eigentlichen Schaufelprofils, sondern lediglich mit der Bearbeitung der Schaufelenden und der abschließenden Feinbearbeitung. Die Probleme des Abtrages von ganz unterschiedlichen Differenzen zwischen Ausgangs- und Endprofil werden nicht angesprochen.From DE-A-22 43 863 a grinding device for processing blades of turbomachines is known, but this document is not concerned with preforming a profile from a blank, but only with the final finishing. In general, it is well known for turbine blades to use grinding methods for the finishing and also for individual sections. From the magazine "Werkstatt und Betrieb", 118 (1985) 3, Munich, Germany, p. 149 ff., Some problems that result from the full cut or deep grinding process are already known. The problems of introducing heat into the workpiece are also mentioned here. However, this document does not deal with the preforming of the actual blade profile, but only with the processing of the blade ends and the final finishing. The problems of removing very different differences between the initial and final profile are not addressed.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines Verfahrens, welches eine möglichst wirtschaftliche Herstellung von Profilteilen ermöglicht, deren Querschnittsprofil sich zumindest in Teilbereichen erheblich vom Querschnittsprofil des zugehörigen Rohlings unterscheidet. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung eine nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte Turbomaschinenschaufel, sowie ein typisches zugehöriges Zwischenprodukt.The object of the present invention is to create a method which enables the most economical production of profile parts, the cross-sectional profile of which, at least in some areas, differs considerably from the cross-sectional profile of the associated blank. In particular, the invention relates to a turbomachine blade manufactured according to this method, and to a typical associated intermediate product.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen dieses Verfahrens sind in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 9 angegeben.To achieve this object, a method with the features of claim 1 is proposed. Advantageous embodiments of this method are specified in claims 2 to 9.

Als typisches Anwendungsbeispiel ist die Herstellung einer Turbomaschinenschaufel anzusehen.A typical application example is the production of a turbomachine blade.

Dabei tritt dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ferner ein ganz spezifisches Zwischenproduckt auf, welches mit seinen einzelnen Ausgestaltungen in den Ansprüchen 5 bis 9 erläutert wird. Speziell zur Herstellung von kleinen Turbomaschinenschaufeln ist das Verfahren geeignet.The method according to the invention also occurs a very specific intermediate product, which is explained with its individual embodiments in claims 5 to 9. The process is particularly suitable for the production of small turbomachine blades.

Zum prinzipiellen Verständnis des Wesens der Erfindung ist es notwendig, die unterschiedlichen technischen Gegebenheiten beim Vorformen und Fertigschleifen zu betrachten. Ausschlaggebend für die technische Realisierbarkeit eines Schleifverfahrens sind dabei auch wirtschaftliche Gesichtspunkte. Dies bedeutet, daß einerseits die Bearbeitungszeit nicht zu lang werden darf und andererseits der Verschleiß an Schleifscheiben in vernünftigen Grenzen bleiben muß. Außerdem darf die Qualität des herzustellenden Profilteiles nicht leiden. Während beim Fertigschleifen insgesamt nur noch geringe Volumina pro Zeiteinheit zerspant werden, wodurch sich kaum thermische Probleme ergeben, sind beim Vorformen große Volumina pro Zeiteinheit abzutragen, was wegen des damit verbundenen hohen Wärmeeintrages in das Werkstück und die Schleifscheibe nicht ganz unproblematisch ist. Bei komplizierten Profilteilen, wie z.B. Turbomaschinenschaufeln, gibt es Bereiche, bei denen sehr viel Material abgetragen werden muß und auch Bereiche mit nur einem geringen Materialabtrag. Dies macht eine besondere Regelung der Vorschübe von Rotation und Translation notwendig, wie dies in den Ansprüchen 2, 3 bzw. 4 beschrieben wird. Die Rotationen und Translationen des Rohlings relativ zur Schleifscheibe sind zunächst durch das herzustellende Profil im wesentlichen festgelegt. Nur die Geschwindigkeit dieser Bewegungen, im allgemeinen Vorschubgeschwindigkeit genannt, ist frei wählbar. Für ein wirtschaftliches Verfahren muß im allgemeinen diese Vorschubgeschwindigkeit möglichst groß gewählt werden. Hier sind jedoch u.a. durch den Wärmeeintrag in das Werkstück Grenzen gesetzt. In Abhängigkeit von der herzustellenden Kontur wird der Vorschub daher gerade so gesteuert oder geregelt, daß das Zerspanungsvolumen pro Zeiteinheit einer vorgebbaren Funktion folgt, vorzugsweise ungefähr konstant bleibt. D.h., daß die Rotation und Translation jeweils verlangsamt werden, wenn sehr viel Material an der gerade bearbeiteten Stelle abzutragen ist. Um einerseits in unkritischen Bereichen schnell schleifen zu können, andererseits aber schädliche Gefügeänderungen an der Oberfläche der endgültig herzustellenden Kontur zu vermeiden, kann auch in zwei oder mehreren Schritten vorgegangen werden, wobei zunächst mit einem großen Zerspanungsvolumen pro Zeiteinheit und bei Annäherung an die endgültig herzustellende Kontur oder in kritischen Bereichen mit einem geringeren Zerspanungsvolumen pro Zeiteinheit gearbeitet wird. Auf diese Weise kann der schädliche Wärmeeintrag in das Werkstück beim Vorschleifen auf die Bereiche begrenzt werden, die beim Fertigschleifen schließlich noch abgetragen werden.To understand in principle the essence of the invention, it is necessary to consider the different technical conditions during preforming and finish grinding. Economic aspects are also decisive for the technical feasibility of a grinding process. This means that on the one hand the machining time must not be too long and on the other hand the wear on grinding wheels must remain within reasonable limits. In addition, the quality of the profile part to be manufactured must not suffer. While only small volumes are machined per unit of time during finish grinding, which means that there are hardly any thermal problems, large volumes per unit of time have to be removed during preforming, which is not entirely unproblematic due to the high heat input into the workpiece and the grinding wheel. In the case of complicated profile parts, such as turbomachine blades, there are areas in which a great deal of material has to be removed and also areas with only a small amount of material removed. This makes special regulation of the feeds of rotation and translation necessary, as described in claims 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The rotations and translations of the blank relative to the grinding wheel are initially essentially determined by the profile to be produced. Only the speed of these movements, generally called the feed speed, can be freely selected. For an economical process, this feed rate must generally be chosen to be as large as possible. However, there are limits here, among other things, due to the heat input into the workpiece. Depending on the contour to be produced, the The feed is therefore controlled or regulated in such a way that the machining volume per unit of time follows a predefinable function, preferably remains approximately constant. This means that the rotation and translation are slowed down if a lot of material has to be removed from the point just processed. In order to be able to grind quickly in uncritical areas on the one hand, but on the other hand to avoid damaging structural changes on the surface of the final contour to be produced, one can also proceed in two or more steps, initially with a large machining volume per unit of time and when approaching the final contour to be produced or working in critical areas with a lower cutting volume per unit of time. In this way, the harmful heat input into the workpiece during pre-grinding can be limited to the areas that are finally removed during final grinding.

Gemäß Anspruch 4 kann bei der Festlegung einer optimalen Funktion, der das Zerspanungsvolumen pro Zeiteinheit folgen soll, die gesamte Konstellation von Rohling, herzustellendem Profil und erreichtem Bearbeitungszustand berücksichtigt werden. Entscheidend für die Erwärmung des Werkstückes beim Schleifen ist die Wärmeabfuhr von der Schleifstelle aus. Ein Teil des erwärmten Materials wird beispielsweise direkt anschließend abgetragen, so daß dieser Wärmeeintrag unkritisch ist. Außerdem sind die Maße des Werkstückes, seine Wärmekapazität und Wärmeleitfähigkeit zu berücksichtigen (kurz: Wärmeabfuhr in der Umgebung der Schleifstelle). Es gilt generell, daß das Zerspanungsvolumen pro Zeiteinheit um so kleiner sein sollte, je schlechter die Wärmeabfuhr an der Schleifstelle ist. Z.B. in sehr dünnen Bereichen des Werkstückes muß daher das Zerspanungsvolumen pro Zeiteinheit u. U. reduziert werden.According to claim 4, the entire constellation of the blank, the profile to be produced and the machining state achieved can be taken into account when determining an optimal function which the machining volume per unit time is to follow. Decisive for the heating of the workpiece during grinding is the heat dissipation from the grinding point. Part of the heated material is removed immediately afterwards, for example, so that this heat input is not critical. In addition, the dimensions of the workpiece, its heat capacity and thermal conductivity must be taken into account (in short: heat dissipation in the vicinity of the grinding point). It generally applies that the cutting volume per unit of time should be smaller the worse the heat dissipation at the grinding point. E.g. in very thin areas of the workpiece, the machining volume per unit of time must u. U. be reduced.

Ein Verfahren mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 5 ist besonders wirtschaftlich. Durch Schleifen aller nicht konkaven Konturen der Schaufel in nur einer Einspannung können viele Arbeitsschritte der bisher bekannten Bearbeitungsgänge eingespart werden. Eine Fertigung mit sehr geringen Toleranzen ist möglich, da Ungenauigkeiten durch wechselnde Einspannung des Werkstückes entfallen. Auch kann eine erhebliche Zeitersparnis bei der Herstellung erreicht werden, da die Zwischenlagerung ganzer Chargen von teilweise fertiggestellten Schaufeln bis zur Umrüstung einer Maschine auf neue Bearbeitungswerkzeuge praktisch völlig entfällt.A method with the characterizing features of claim 5 is particularly economical. By grinding all non-concave contours of the blade in just one clamping, many work steps of the previously known machining steps can be saved. Manufacturing with very low tolerances is possible because of inaccuracies due to changing clamping of the workpiece. Considerable time savings in production can also be achieved since the intermediate storage of entire batches, from partially completed blades to the conversion of a machine to new machining tools, is practically completely eliminated.

Ein bei Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens auf die Herstellung von Turbomaschinenschaufeln entstehendes typisches Zwischenprodukt ist mit seiner Form und seinen Größenverhältnissen zur Erläuterung in der Zeichnung dargestellt, und zwar zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Zwischenproduktes,
  • Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht und
  • Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch das Zwischenprodukt entlang der Linie III-III.
A typical intermediate product which arises when the method according to the invention is applied to the manufacture of turbomachine blades is shown with its shape and its size ratios for explanation in the drawing, namely that it shows
  • 1 is a perspective view of the intermediate product,
  • Fig. 2 is a side view and
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the intermediate along the line III-III.

Das Zwischenprodukt weist eine Gesamtlänge f auf, welche größer ist als die Länge a der herzustellenden Schaufel. Die Schaufel selbst besteht aus einem Schaufelfuß 2 mit Stegen 2.1 und Nuten 2.2; dabei kommen alle nach dem Stand der Technik bekannten Fußformen in Betracht. Ferner weist die Schaufel einen Kopf auf, welcher einen parallelogrammförmigen Querschnitt hat und beim späteren Einbau zusammen mit anderen Schaufelköpfen ein geschlossenes Deckband bildet. Die eigentliche Schaufelkontur weist eine gerundete Anströmseite 6, eine spitze Abströmseite 7 und eine konvexe Saugseite 4 auf. Die später konkave Druckseite 5 ist bei dem dargestellten Zwischenprodukt noch nicht fertig hergestellt, sondern nur plan geschliffen. Die Kontur des Schaufelfußes 2 ist um die Länge b verlängert, ebenso ist die Kontur des Schaufelkopfes 3 um die Länge c verlängert. Im Bereich dieser Verlängerungen b, c kann später eine Schneidvorrichtung definiert angesetzt werden. Ferner weist das Zwischenprodukt zwei Reststücke 8, 9 an den beiden Enden auf, welche die nicht notwendigerweise gleichen Längen c bzw. e haben. Diese Reststücke dienen zur festen Einspannung des Rohlings bzw. Zwischenproduktes während des gesamten Schleifvorganges.The intermediate product has a total length f which is greater than the length a of the blade to be manufactured. The blade itself consists of a blade root 2 with webs 2.1 and 2.2 grooves; all foot shapes known in the prior art can be used. Furthermore, the blade has a head which has a parallelogram-shaped cross section and forms a closed shroud together with other blade heads during later installation. The actual blade contour has a rounded inflow side 6, a pointed outflow side 7 and a convex suction side 4. The later concave pressure side 5 is not yet finished in the intermediate product shown, but only ground flat. The contour of the blade root 2 is lengthened by the length b, and the contour of the blade head 3 is lengthened by the length c. In the area of these extensions b, c, a cutting device can later be attached in a defined manner. Further points the intermediate product has two remnants 8, 9 at the two ends, which do not necessarily have the same lengths c and e. These remnants serve to firmly clamp the blank or intermediate product during the entire grinding process.

Es sei noch darauf hingewiesen, daß das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren naturgemäß auf Profile beschränkt ist, die weniger konkav sind als es der Form der kleinsten verwendeten Schleifscheiben im Neuzustand entspricht.It should also be pointed out that the method according to the invention is naturally limited to profiles which are less concave than the shape of the smallest grinding wheels used when new.

Die vorliegende Erfindung ermöglicht z.B. eine wirtschaftliche, präzise Herstellung von Schaufeln für Turbomaschinen, wobei durch Einsparung vieler verschiedener Arbeitsgänge ein sehr schneller Fertigungsdurchlauf möglich ist. Die Fertigungsplanung wird vereinfacht, da Zwischenlagerungen entfallen; die Herstellungszeit für einen ganzen Satz Schaufeln kann deutlich verkürzt werden.The present invention enables e.g. an economical, precise manufacture of blades for turbomachinery, whereby a very fast production run is possible by saving many different work steps. The production planning is simplified because intermediate storage is no longer necessary; the manufacturing time for an entire set of blades can be significantly reduced.

Claims (9)

1. Method for producing a profiled part (1) from a blank, whereby the cross-sectional profile of the part to be produced differs at least in some areas quantitatively and qualitatively from the cross-sectional profile of the blank so that different amounts are to be removed between starting profile and final profile, having the following features:
a) the part to be produced is pre-shaped and finishground in one chucking with at least one grinding wheel which is preferably continuously trued;
b) during pre-shaping, the blank is given approximately the desired profile by means of translation and rotation relative to the grinding wheel(s), which, if applicable, is (are) profiled, with the local grinding depths being chosen so as to be approximately equal to the amounts to be removed;
c) finish-grinding occurs completely or in sections after the pre-shaping and serves to smooth the surfaces and produce the final profile with accurate dimensions.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that during pre-shaping the feed rates of the rotation and translation of the blank necessary for the production of the desired profile are regulated or controlled relative to the grinding wheel as a function of the amounts to be removed so that the volume removed by cutting per unit of time follows a definable, if applicable, location-dependent and/or time-dependent function, in particular remains constant at least in some areas.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that during pre-shaping, a first working step, with large volume removed by cutting per unit of time with approximation to the contour finally to be produced, is followed by at least one further working step with lesser volume removed by cutting per unit of time.
4. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that during pre-shaping, the volume removed by cutting per unit of time is controlled or regulated as a function of the heat dissipation in the work piece in the vicinity of the respective grinding location.
5. Method according to one of the preceding claims for producing an intermediate product (1) for a turbo-machine blade, characterised by the following features:
a) an elongated metal block, preferably with a substantially rectangular or parallelogram-shaped cross section, the length (f) of which is 5 to 30%, preferably approximately 20%, greater than the length (a) of the blade to be produced, is chucked at its two ends;
b) by means of rotation about the longitudinal axis of the metal block and translation relative to a rapidly rotating grinding wheel, the suction-side contours (4), blade base (2) and blade head (3) are ground into the metal block, in which case there remain residual pieces (7, 8), which protrude both on the base side and on the head side, with the original cross section of the steel block;
c) the longitudinal dimensions of the base contour and the head contour slightly exceed the dimensions actually to be produced, preferably by at least the width of cut of a sawing or cutting device.
6. Method according to claim 5, characterised in that by tilting the metal block by a certain angle a radial tapering of the blade is also established without changing the chucking.
7. Method according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the projecting length (d, e) of the residual pieces (8, 9) on the base or head side amounts to at least 2 mm.
8. Method according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterised in that the excess (b, c) of the base or head contour amounts to between 0.5 and 4 mm, preferably approximately 3 mm.
9. Method according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterised in that the pressure side (5) of the blade is pre-ground at least as far as the connecting plane between leading edge and trailing edge.
EP88105239A 1987-05-04 1988-03-31 Method for manufacturing sections by grinding, and turbine blades so manufactured Expired - Lifetime EP0290773B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88105239T ATE63709T1 (en) 1987-05-04 1988-03-31 METHOD OF MAKING PROFILE PARTS BY GRINDING AND TURBO ENGINE BLADES MADE ACCORDINGLY.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3714805 1987-05-04
DE3714805 1987-05-04

Publications (2)

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EP0290773A1 EP0290773A1 (en) 1988-11-17
EP0290773B1 true EP0290773B1 (en) 1991-05-22

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EP88105239A Expired - Lifetime EP0290773B1 (en) 1987-05-04 1988-03-31 Method for manufacturing sections by grinding, and turbine blades so manufactured

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US (2) US5205081A (en)
EP (1) EP0290773B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS63288631A (en)
AT (1) ATE63709T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3862891D1 (en)

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US7676062B2 (en) 2002-09-03 2010-03-09 Automotive Technologies International Inc. Image processing for vehicular applications applying image comparisons
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DE10328310A1 (en) * 2003-06-23 2005-01-13 Alstom Technology Ltd Method of modifying the coupling geometry of shroud segments of turbine blades
DE102004021866A1 (en) * 2004-05-04 2005-12-01 Weigl Engineering Gmbh Control of a machine tool such that the volumetric removal is constant
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE63709T1 (en) 1991-06-15
EP0290773A1 (en) 1988-11-17
JPS63288631A (en) 1988-11-25
US5330326A (en) 1994-07-19
US5205081A (en) 1993-04-27
DE3862891D1 (en) 1991-06-27

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