EP0289775B1 - Deep-drawable sheet or strip made from aluminium or aluminium alloys, and process for its manufacture - Google Patents
Deep-drawable sheet or strip made from aluminium or aluminium alloys, and process for its manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0289775B1 EP0289775B1 EP88104904A EP88104904A EP0289775B1 EP 0289775 B1 EP0289775 B1 EP 0289775B1 EP 88104904 A EP88104904 A EP 88104904A EP 88104904 A EP88104904 A EP 88104904A EP 0289775 B1 EP0289775 B1 EP 0289775B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- deep
- deep drawing
- aluminium
- honeycomb
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000951498 Brachypteraciidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B1/227—Surface roughening or texturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B1/24—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous or semi-continuous process
- B21B1/28—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous or semi-continuous process by cold-rolling, e.g. Steckel cold mill
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B2261/00—Product parameters
- B21B2261/14—Roughness
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12993—Surface feature [e.g., rough, mirror]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a deep-drawn sheet, band or the like.
- a deep-drawn sheet of the type mentioned is known from DE-A 30 08 679. Due to the roughening process used, it has an uneven micro-roughness of approximately 0.8 to 5 ⁇ m with finely distributed, mostly slender tips on the surface. The non-uniformity relates to the height and the diameter of the tips or the distance and the outline of the depressions in the surface. In conjunction with the hold-down device, the depressions should be sealed during deep drawing so that the lubricant filling absorbed remains enclosed (see column 3, lines 60 ff.).
- roller surface is roughened by sandblasting in accordance with the known method according to DE-OS 30 08 679, and the desired micro surface is thus produced by re-rolling the sheet or strip.
- the depressions for the lubricant are arranged offset from one another, but a closer examination shows that the micro-depressions are interconnected, so that the absorbed lubricant filling can flow off laterally .
- the object of the present invention is to enable hydrodynamic pressure build-up in the pinch gap between the tool surface and sheet metal roughness peaks in a deep-drawable sheet or a deep-drawable strip of the type mentioned above, and thus to improve the sliding properties in the drawing tool and to reduce the drawing force by at least 30% compared to conventional surfaces .
- a particularly favorable micro surface for avoiding wrinkles and cracks can be achieved with a honeycomb density of 10 - 250 honeycombs per mm2. In the preferred range of between 100-140 honeycombs per mm2, a particularly high drawing reserve (according to Engelhardt) of at least 28% is established, the honeycomb diameter being 20-200 ⁇ m, preferably 80-100 ⁇ m.
- the honeycomb diameter corresponds to the diameter of the circle encompassing the honeycomb structure.
- the micro surface according to the invention in a honeycomb structure is produced by appropriately prepared rolls with a degree of rolling> 6% in the last cold rolling pass.
- the aluminum sheets or strips produced in this way are suitable for deep drawing, stretching and ironing all types of aluminum alloys.
- the supporting surface of the honeycomb structure is denoted by 1 and the lubricant filling by 2. It can be seen that the honeycomb structure is designed like a lubricant pocket, in which the lubricant is enclosed on all sides.
- FIG. 2 shows the micro surface of a sheet metal surface produced by means of a sandblasted roller.
- the load-bearing roughness tips 3 are surrounded by the lubricant 4, which can flow laterally into channel-like openings. This does not result in a stable build-up of pressure, since the lubricating film is not formed with constant uniformity and tears off at the places subject to higher loads.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the deep-drawable sheet metal 5 produced according to the invention and a hold-down device 6 in the region of the deformation zone. Due to the relative movement between sheet metal and tool, a hydrodynamic pressure is built up in the gap 8 between sheet metal 5 and hold-down device 6. The squeezing flow of the lubricant is indicated by arrows 7.
- the sheet metal surfaces are given with (1) irregular for DE-OS 30 08 679, (2) honeycomb structure for the sheet treated according to the invention and (3) with finish for a sheet made by means of ground rolls.
- the second line shows the surface roughness RA according to DIN 4768, measured parallel to the rolling direction, in line three the surface roughness perpendicular to the rolling direction.
- Line four shows the drawing reserve according to Engelhardt and line five shows the pulling force in kN for the sheet in question.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein tiefziehfähiges Blech, Band o.dgl. aus Nicht-Eisenmetall oder Legierungen daraus, insbesondere aus Aluminium, mit einer für das Tiefziehen vorbehandelten Oberfläche sowie ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung.The invention relates to a deep-drawn sheet, band or the like. Made of non-ferrous metal or alloys thereof, in particular aluminum, with a surface pretreated for deep drawing and a process for its production.
Ein tiefziehfähiges Blech der eingangs genannten Art ist aus der DE-A 30 08 679 bekannt. Es weist - bedingt durch das angewandte Aufrauhverfahren - eine ungleichmäßige Mikrorauhigkeit von etwa 0,8 bis 5 µm mit an der Oberfläche fein verteilten, überwiegend schlanken Spitzen auf. Die Ungleichmäßigkeit bezieht sich auf die Höhe und den Durchmesser der Spitzen bzw. im Abstand und dem Umriß der Vertiefungen in der Oberfläche. In Verbindung mit dem Niederhalter sollen beim Tiefziehen die Vertiefungen abgedichtet werden, so daß die aufgenommene Schmiermittelfüllung eingeschlossen bleibt (s. Spalte 3, Zeile 60 ff.).A deep-drawn sheet of the type mentioned is known from DE-A 30 08 679. Due to the roughening process used, it has an uneven micro-roughness of approximately 0.8 to 5 µm with finely distributed, mostly slender tips on the surface. The non-uniformity relates to the height and the diameter of the tips or the distance and the outline of the depressions in the surface. In conjunction with the hold-down device, the depressions should be sealed during deep drawing so that the lubricant filling absorbed remains enclosed (see
Um diesen Effekt zu erreichen, wird nach dem bekannten Verfahren gemäß DE-OS 30 08 679 die Walzenoberfläche durch Sandstrahlung aufgerauht und damit die erwünschte Mikrooberfläche durch Nachwalzen des Bleches oder Bandes hergestellt.In order to achieve this effect, the roller surface is roughened by sandblasting in accordance with the known method according to DE-OS 30 08 679, and the desired micro surface is thus produced by re-rolling the sheet or strip.
Bei dem in bekannter Weise aufgerauhten, tiefziehfähigen Blech oder Band gemäß DE-OS 30 08 679 sind die Vertiefungen für den Schmierstoff zwar gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet, jedoch zeigt eine genauere Untersuchung, daß die Mikrovertiefungen untereinander verbunden sind, so daß die aufgenommene Schmiermittelfüllung seitlich abfließen kann.In the well-roughened, deep-drawable sheet or strip according to DE-OS 30 08 679, the depressions for the lubricant are arranged offset from one another, but a closer examination shows that the micro-depressions are interconnected, so that the absorbed lubricant filling can flow off laterally .
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, bei einem tiefziehfähigen Blech oder einem tiefziehfähigen Band der eingangs genannten Art einen hydrodynamischen Druckaufbau im Quetschspalt zwischen Werkzeugoberfläche und Blechrauhigkeitsspitzen zu ermöglichen und damit die Gleiteigenschaften im Ziehwerkzeug zu verbessern und die Ziehkraft um mindestens 30 % gegenüber herkömmlichen Oberflächen zu verringern.The object of the present invention is to enable hydrodynamic pressure build-up in the pinch gap between the tool surface and sheet metal roughness peaks in a deep-drawable sheet or a deep-drawable strip of the type mentioned above, and thus to improve the sliding properties in the drawing tool and to reduce the drawing force by at least 30% compared to conventional surfaces .
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Blech gelöst, das die Merkmale gemäß Patentanspruch 1 besitzt; ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung wird in Patentanspruch 5 angegeben.This object is achieved by a sheet having the features of
Eine besonders günstige Mikrooberfläche für die Vermeidung von Falten- und Rißbildung ist durch eine Wabendichte von 10 - 250 Waben pro mm² zu erzielen. Im Vorzugsbereich von zwischen 100 - 140 Waben pro mm² stellt sich eine besonders hohe Ziehreserve (nach Engelhardt) von mindestens 28 % ein, wobei der Wabendurchmesser 20 - 200 µm, vorzugsweise 80 - 100 µm beträgt. Der Wabendurchmesser entspricht dem Durchmesser des die wabenförmige Struktur unfassenden Kreises.A particularly favorable micro surface for avoiding wrinkles and cracks can be achieved with a honeycomb density of 10 - 250 honeycombs per mm². In the preferred range of between 100-140 honeycombs per mm², a particularly high drawing reserve (according to Engelhardt) of at least 28% is established, the honeycomb diameter being 20-200 µm, preferably 80-100 µm. The honeycomb diameter corresponds to the diameter of the circle encompassing the honeycomb structure.
Die erfindungsgemäße Mikrooberfläche in Wabenstruktur wird durch entsprechend präparierte Walzen bei einem Abwalzgrad > 6 % im letzten Kaltwalzstich erzeugt. Die damit hergestellten Aluminiumbleche oder -bänder eignen sich für das Tief-, Streck- und Abstreckziehen aller Legierungstypen des Aluminium.The micro surface according to the invention in a honeycomb structure is produced by appropriately prepared rolls with a degree of rolling> 6% in the last cold rolling pass. The aluminum sheets or strips produced in this way are suitable for deep drawing, stretching and ironing all types of aluminum alloys.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines schematisierten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1 =
- Mikrooberfläche des erfindungsgemäßen tiefziehfähigen Bleches,
- Fig. 2 =
- Vergleichsoberfläche nach DE-OS 30 08 679,
- Fig. 3 =
- Quetschströmung zwischen Werkzeug und Blech bei einem erfindungsgemäß tiefgezogenen Blech.
- Fig. 1 =
- Micro surface of the deep-drawing sheet according to the invention,
- Fig. 2 =
- Comparison surface according to DE-OS 30 08 679,
- Fig. 3 =
- Squeezing flow between tool and sheet in a sheet that is deep-drawn according to the invention.
In Fig. 1 ist die tragende Fläche der Wabenstruktur mit 1 und die Schmierstoff-Füllung mit 2 bezeichnet. Man erkennt, daß die Wabenstruktur wie eine Schmierstoff-Tasche ausgebildet ist, bei der der Schmierstoff allseitig umschlossen ist.In Fig. 1, the supporting surface of the honeycomb structure is denoted by 1 and the lubricant filling by 2. It can be seen that the honeycomb structure is designed like a lubricant pocket, in which the lubricant is enclosed on all sides.
Fig. 2 zeigt die Mikrooberfläche einer mittels sandgestrahlter Walze herstellten Blechoberfläche. Die tragenden Rauhigkeitsspitzen 3 sind vom Schmierstoff 4 umgeben, der seitlich in kanalartigen Öffnungen abfließen kann. Ein stabiler Druckaufbau kommt dadurch nicht zustand, da der Schmierfilm nicht mit konstanter Gleichmäßigkeit ausgebildet ist und an den höherbelasteten Stellen abreißt.2 shows the micro surface of a sheet metal surface produced by means of a sandblasted roller. The load-bearing
Fig. 3 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch das erfindungsgemäß hergestellte tiefziehfähige Blech 5 und einen Niederhalter 6 im Bereich der Verformungszone. Durch die Relativbewegung zwischen Blech und Werkzeug wird ein hydrodynamischer Druck im Spalt 8 zwischen Blech 5 und Niederhalter 6 aufgebaut. Die Quetschströmung des Schmiermittels ist durch Pfeile 7 angedeutet.3 shows a cross section through the deep-
Im folgenden wird ein Vergleichsversuch zwischen dem erfindungsgemäß hergestellten tiefziehfähigen Blech mit Wabenstruktur aus der Legierung AlMg5Mn, einem Vergleichsblech nach DE-OS 30 08 679 und einem mittels geschliffenen Walzen hergestellten Blech (mill finish) gleicher Legierung durchgeführt. Die jeweilige Oberfläche wurde durch Aufnahmen mit dem Rasterelektronenmikroskop festgehalten. Es zeigen im Maßstab 1 : 100:
- Fig. 4 =
- Oberfläche des erfindungsgemäßen Bleches
- Fig. 5 =
- Oberfläche nach DE-OS 30 08 679
- Fig. 6 =
- Oberfläche eines Standardbleches (mill finish)
- Fig. 4 =
- Surface of the sheet according to the invention
- Fig. 5 =
- Surface according to DE-OS 30 08 679
- Fig. 6 =
- Standard sheet surface (mill finish)
Aus der Legierung AlMg5Mn (Norm AA 5182) wurde ein Blech mit der Dicke 1,25 mm, Zustand: weich, hergestellt. In der ersten Zeile der nachfolgenden Tabelle sind die Blechoberflächen mit (1) unregelmäßig für DE-OS 30 08 679, (2) Wabenstruktur für das erfindungsgemäß behandelte Blech und (3) mit finish für ein mittels geschliffenen Walzen hergestelltes Blech angegeben. In der zweiten Zeile sind die Oberflächenrauhigkeiten RA nach DIN 4768, gemessen parallel zur Walzrichtung, angegeben, in Zeile drei die Oberflächenrauhigkeiten senkrecht zur Walzrichtung. In Zeile vier ist die Ziehreserve nach Engelhardt angegeben und in Zeile fünf die Ziehkraft in kN für das jeweils untersuchte Blech.A sheet with a thickness of 1.25 mm, condition: soft, was produced from the alloy AlMg5Mn (standard AA 5182). In the first line of the table below, the sheet metal surfaces are given with (1) irregular for DE-OS 30 08 679, (2) honeycomb structure for the sheet treated according to the invention and (3) with finish for a sheet made by means of ground rolls. The second line shows the surface roughness RA according to DIN 4768, measured parallel to the rolling direction, in line three the surface roughness perpendicular to the rolling direction. Line four shows the drawing reserve according to Engelhardt and line five shows the pulling force in kN for the sheet in question.
Es wurden Näpfe mit kugelförmigem Boden, Durchmesser 125 mm, hergestellt. Die Ergebnisse der Tabelle zeigen die überraschenden Eigenschaften des erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Bleches mit einer Steigerung der Ziehreserve um 6 % und einer Verminderung der Ziehkraft um 30 kN.
Claims (5)
- A sheet, strip or the like for deep drawing, made of non-ferrous metal or alloys thereof, more particularly aluminium, and with a surface pretreated for deep drawing, characterised in that the surface has a micro-roughness of Ra = 0.1 - 0.8 µm with a uniform honeycomb structure, the honeycomb cell diameter being 20 - 200 µm, preferably 80 - 100 µm.
- A sheet for deep drawing according to claim 1, characterised in that the honeycomb structure (1) comprises a wall (8) having a constant height (H) and a thickness (D), the ratio of H to D being 0.1 - 1.2 : 1.
- A sheet for deep drawing according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the wall thickness (D), which is equal to the cell spacing, fluctuates by ± 5% over the entire honeycomb structure of the sheet.
- A sheet for deep drawing according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the honeycomb density is between 10 and 250, preferably 100 - 140 cells per mm².
- A method of producing a sheet, strip or the like suitable for deep drawing, stretch-forming and ironing according to any of the preceding claims, the fine surface structure being produced by rollers during the last pass, characterised in that the degree of compaction during the last pass through the cold rollers is > 6%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT88104904T ATE83180T1 (en) | 1987-04-25 | 1988-03-26 | DEEP-DRAWING SHEET OR STRIP OF ALUMINUM OR ALUMINUM ALLOYS AND PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873713909 DE3713909A1 (en) | 1987-04-25 | 1987-04-25 | DEEP-DRAWABLE SHEET OR STRIP MADE OF ALUMINUM OR ALUMINUM ALLOYS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| DE3713909 | 1987-04-25 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0289775A2 EP0289775A2 (en) | 1988-11-09 |
| EP0289775A3 EP0289775A3 (en) | 1990-05-23 |
| EP0289775B1 true EP0289775B1 (en) | 1992-12-09 |
Family
ID=6326304
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88104904A Expired - Lifetime EP0289775B1 (en) | 1987-04-25 | 1988-03-26 | Deep-drawable sheet or strip made from aluminium or aluminium alloys, and process for its manufacture |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4886713A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0289775B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH01111850A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR880012783A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE83180T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3713909A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2037756T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3006950T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH683188A5 (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1994-01-31 | Alusuisse Lonza Services Ag | Aluminum surfaces. |
| FR2715593B1 (en) * | 1994-02-01 | 1996-03-29 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Aluminum strips or sheets with reproducible and improved optical properties. |
| EP0690142A1 (en) * | 1994-06-09 | 1996-01-03 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Aluminium alloy sheet for auto body sheet, method for manufacturing same and method for forming same |
| US6290632B1 (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2001-09-18 | Alcoa Inc. | Ultrafine matte finish roll for treatment for sheet products and method of production |
| CA2407178A1 (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2003-04-09 | Errol Sambuco Jr. | Method of applying a surface finish on a metal substrate and method of preparing work rolls for applying the surface finish |
| DE10221515C1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-11-13 | Hydro Aluminium Deutschland | Aluminium tube manufacturing method using dressing rollers for texturing outer surface of aluminium tube |
| US20060141219A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Benson Olester Jr | Roll of a uniaxially oriented article having a structured surface |
| US20060141220A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Merrill William W | Uniaxially oriented article having a structured surface |
| US20060138702A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Biernath Rolf W | Method of making uniaxially oriented articles having structured surfaces |
| US20060141218A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-29 | Biernath Rolf W | Uniaxially oriented articles having structured surface |
| US7418202B2 (en) | 2005-08-04 | 2008-08-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Article having a birefringent surface and microstructured features having a variable pitch or angles for use as a blur filter |
| US20070199627A1 (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-08-30 | Blejde Walter N | Low surface roughness cast strip and method and apparatus for making the same |
| US9134471B2 (en) | 2006-06-28 | 2015-09-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Oriented polymeric articles and method |
| DE102016103539B4 (en) | 2016-02-29 | 2018-09-20 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Process for producing a multi-dimensional microstructured deep-drawable flat metal product and flat metal product |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3619881A (en) * | 1969-01-17 | 1971-11-16 | United States Steel Corp | Cold rolling work roll |
| FR2290623A1 (en) * | 1974-11-06 | 1976-06-04 | Lorraine Laminage | SHEET FOR DEEP OR EXTRA-DEEP STAMPING AND PROCESS FOR OBTAINING SUCH SHEET |
| JPS5431069A (en) * | 1977-08-12 | 1979-03-07 | Kawasaki Steel Co | Surface finishing of cold rolled steel plate |
| GB2047274B (en) * | 1979-03-29 | 1983-05-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Support for lithographic printing plates and process for their production |
| DE3008679C2 (en) * | 1980-03-06 | 1983-08-18 | Vereinigte Metallwerke Ranshofen-Berndorf AG, 5282 Braunau am Inn, Oberösterreich | Deep-drawable sheet metal or strip made of non-ferrous metal or an alloy thereof, in particular made of aluminum, as well as a method for its production |
| JPS6171109A (en) * | 1984-09-14 | 1986-04-12 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Aluminum and aluminum alloy sheet used for deep drawing |
-
1987
- 1987-04-25 DE DE19873713909 patent/DE3713909A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1988
- 1988-03-26 AT AT88104904T patent/ATE83180T1/en active
- 1988-03-26 EP EP88104904A patent/EP0289775B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-26 ES ES198888104904T patent/ES2037756T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-26 DE DE8888104904T patent/DE3876484D1/en not_active Revoked
- 1988-04-22 JP JP63098460A patent/JPH01111850A/en active Pending
- 1988-04-25 KR KR1019880004725A patent/KR880012783A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-04-25 US US07/185,537 patent/US4886713A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-01-29 GR GR930400191T patent/GR3006950T3/el unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3876484D1 (en) | 1993-01-21 |
| KR880012783A (en) | 1988-11-29 |
| DE3713909A1 (en) | 1988-11-10 |
| GR3006950T3 (en) | 1993-06-30 |
| ES2037756T3 (en) | 1993-07-01 |
| US4886713A (en) | 1989-12-12 |
| JPH01111850A (en) | 1989-04-28 |
| EP0289775A3 (en) | 1990-05-23 |
| ATE83180T1 (en) | 1992-12-15 |
| EP0289775A2 (en) | 1988-11-09 |
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