EP0287975A2 - Circuit arrangement with an electromagnetically controlled fault current switch device - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement with an electromagnetically controlled fault current switch device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0287975A2
EP0287975A2 EP88106079A EP88106079A EP0287975A2 EP 0287975 A2 EP0287975 A2 EP 0287975A2 EP 88106079 A EP88106079 A EP 88106079A EP 88106079 A EP88106079 A EP 88106079A EP 0287975 A2 EP0287975 A2 EP 0287975A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fault current
circuit arrangement
electromagnetically controlled
switch device
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP88106079A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0287975A3 (en
Inventor
Rolf Maeder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0287975A2 publication Critical patent/EP0287975A2/en
Publication of EP0287975A3 publication Critical patent/EP0287975A3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/12—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for biasing the electromagnet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement with a fault-current-excited, electromagnetically controllable switching element in a circuit which continuously supplies it with DC voltage via a series resistor when the switch-on contact is open and in the switched-off state.
  • Electromagnetically controllable switching elements in the form of relays or contactors in various designs have been on the market for many years. These known switching elements consist of a magnet and a contact part, in which given electrical values in the control circuit correspond to defined positions of the contact part. Further details are unlikely to be explained further given the level of awareness of such switching elements.
  • One of the many fields of application of electromagnetically controllable switching elements are control circuits in railway safety equipment for switching over power supply systems. In this case, and particularly in the case of electronic interlockings, it is particularly important that, in the event of a fault in the power supply system, a switchover process is carried out in the shortest possible time.
  • Electromagnetically controllable switching elements such as relays, which enable such switching processes through a particularly short response time, are described in the specialist book "Das Fernmelderelais" by Dr.-Ing. M. Hebel, published by R. Oldenbourg-Verlag, Kunststoff 1956, described on pages 27/28.
  • the relays In the basic position, that is to say in the switched-off state, the relays are already supplied with a low current, the so-called fault current, which, however, is not yet sufficient to respond to the relay. If the said relay is now to be switched on, it does not begin with the zero value of the current, but with a threshold value. This measure advantageously favors the tightening process in the desired manner.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a circuit arrangement of the type specified in such a way that constant threshold values for the fault current excitation can be specified independently of operationally fluctuating DC voltage supplies. According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the series resistor is connected in series with a Zener diode to the DC voltage and the relay is connected to the Zener diode via a protective diode.
  • a fault current-excited relay RL is used to trigger any switching operations at short notice, preferably to switch over power supply devices in railway safety systems.
  • the series circuit comprising a resistor R and a Zener diode Z is connected to a DC voltage supply source + UB.
  • the relay RL is excited with fault current in the switched-off state via a diode D which is connected to the Zener diode Z. If the DC voltage of the battery UB now fluctuates within predetermined limits, an essentially constant voltage value is present at the relay RL due to the parallel Zener diode Z. This means that a constant threshold value is also specified for all power supply cases.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Electromagnetically controlled fault current switch devices have the advantage that their response process is enhanced by the fault current. If the amplitude of the voltage source producing the fault current fluctuates in use, this also acts in an undesired manner on the fault current excitation. The special feature of the circuit arrangement according to the invention is that the fault current excitation of the electromagnetically controlled switch device is carried out by means of a voltage stabilised with the aid of a Zener diode. The switch devices whose response process has been enhanced in the abovementioned manner are used for controlling power supply systems in railway protection systems. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Schaltungsanordnung mit einem fehlstromerregten elektromagnetisch steuerbaren Schalt­organ in einem Stromkreis, der es bei geöffnetem Anschaltkon­takt im abgeschalteten Zustand ständig über einen Vorwider­stand mit Gleichspannung versorgt.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement with a fault-current-excited, electromagnetically controllable switching element in a circuit which continuously supplies it with DC voltage via a series resistor when the switch-on contact is open and in the switched-off state.

Seit vielen Jahren sind elektromagnetisch steuerbare Schalt­organe in Form von Relais oder Schützen in den verschiedensten Ausführungsformen auf dem Markt. Diese bekannten Schaltorgane bestehen aus einem Magnet- und einem Kontaktteil, bei dem vor­gegebenen elektrischen Werten im Steuerkreis definierte Stel­lungen des Kontaktteils entsprechen. Weitere Einzelheiten dürften bei dem Bekanntheitsgrad derartiger Schaltorgane nicht weiter erläutert zu werden. Einer der vielen Anwendungsgebiete von elektromagnetisch steuerbaren Schaltorganen sind Steuer­schaltungen in Einrichtungen der Eisenbahnsicherungstechnik zum Umschalten von Stromversorgungsanlagen. Hierbei, und zwar besonders bei elektronischen Stellwerken, ist es besonders wichtig, daß im Störungsfall der Stromversorgungsanlage in kürzester Zeit ein Umschaltvorgang realisiert wird. Elektroma­gnetisch steuerbare Schaltorgane, z.B. Relais, die derartige Umschaltvorgänge durch besonders kurze Ansprechzeit ermögli­chen, sind im Fachbuch "Das Fernmelderelais" von Dr.-Ing. M. Hebel, erschienen im R. Oldenbourg-Verlag, München 1956, auf den Seiten 27/28 näher beschrieben. Die Relais werden in Grund­stellung, also im abgeschalteten Zustand, bereits mit einem geringen Strom gespeist, dem sogenannten Fehlstrom, der jedoch noch nicht zum Ansprechen des Relais ausreicht. Wenn nun das besagte Relais eingeschaltet werden soll, beginnt es nicht mit dem Nullwert des Stromes, sondern mit einem Schwellenwert. Diese Maßnahme begünstigt in vorteilhafter Weise den Anzugsvor­gang in gewünschter Weise.Electromagnetically controllable switching elements in the form of relays or contactors in various designs have been on the market for many years. These known switching elements consist of a magnet and a contact part, in which given electrical values in the control circuit correspond to defined positions of the contact part. Further details are unlikely to be explained further given the level of awareness of such switching elements. One of the many fields of application of electromagnetically controllable switching elements are control circuits in railway safety equipment for switching over power supply systems. In this case, and particularly in the case of electronic interlockings, it is particularly important that, in the event of a fault in the power supply system, a switchover process is carried out in the shortest possible time. Electromagnetically controllable switching elements, such as relays, which enable such switching processes through a particularly short response time, are described in the specialist book "Das Fernmelderelais" by Dr.-Ing. M. Hebel, published by R. Oldenbourg-Verlag, Munich 1956, described on pages 27/28. In the basic position, that is to say in the switched-off state, the relays are already supplied with a low current, the so-called fault current, which, however, is not yet sufficient to respond to the relay. If the said relay is now to be switched on, it does not begin with the zero value of the current, but with a threshold value. This measure advantageously favors the tightening process in the desired manner.

Wenn nun derartige fehlstromerregte elektromagnetisch steuer­bare Schaltorgane in Anlagen betrieben werden, deren Gleich­spannungsversorgung betriebsmäßig schwanken kann, muß mit un­terschiedlichen Schwellenwerten gerechnet werden. Hinzu kommen noch die unvermeidbaren Toleranzen der elektromagnetisch steu­erbaren Schaltorgane selbst, so daß betriebsmäßig mit recht un­terschiedlichen Anzugszeiten gerechnet werden muß, u.U. sogar mit Fehlschaltungen.If such fault current-excited electromagnetically controllable switching devices are operated in systems whose DC voltage supply can fluctuate during operation, different threshold values must be expected. In addition, there are the inevitable tolerances of the electromagnetically controllable switching elements themselves, so that operationally, quite different tightening times must be expected, possibly. even with incorrect switching.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schaltungsanord­nung der eingangs angegebenen Art derart weiterzubilden, daß unabhängig von betriebsmäßig schwankenden Gleichspannungsver­sorgungen konstante Schwellenwerte für die Fehlstromerregung vorgegeben werden können.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß der Vorwiderstand in Reihe mit einer Zener-Diode an der Gleich­spannung liegt und das Relais über eine Schutzdiode mit der Zener-Diode verbunden ist.The invention has for its object to develop a circuit arrangement of the type specified in such a way that constant threshold values for the fault current excitation can be specified independently of operationally fluctuating DC voltage supplies.
According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the series resistor is connected in series with a Zener diode to the DC voltage and the relay is connected to the Zener diode via a protective diode.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird nachfolgend kurz erläutert.
Zum kurzfristigen Auslösen von beliebigen Schaltvorgängen, vorzugsweise zum Umschalten von Stromversorgungseinrichtungen in Eisenbahnsicherungsanlagen, dient ein fehlstromerregtes Relais RL. Zum Erzeugen eines konstanten Fehlstromes ist an eine Gleichspannungsversorgungsquelle +UB die Reihenschaltung aus einem Widerstand R und einer Zener-Diode Z angeschlossen. Das Relais RL wird im abgeschalteten Zustand über eine Diode D, die mit der Zener-Diode Z verbunden ist, mit Fehlstrom erregt. Wenn nun die Gleichspannung der Batterie UB in vorgegebenen Grenzen schwankt, liegt am Relais RL aufgrund der parallellie­genden Zener-Diode Z ein im wesentlichen konstanter Spannungs­wert. Somit ist für alle Stromversorgungsfälle auch ein kon­stanter Schwellenwert vorgegeben.
Wenn nun das Relais RL betriebsmäßig eingeschaltet werden soll, wird ein Kontakt K geschlossen, und das Relais RL erhält die volle Gleichspannung der Batterie UB. Dies hat zur Folge, daß das Relais RL unverzüglich anzieht. Die Diode D schützt bei geschlossenem Kontakt K die Zener-Diode Z vor deren Zerstörung.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is briefly explained below.
A fault current-excited relay RL is used to trigger any switching operations at short notice, preferably to switch over power supply devices in railway safety systems. In order to generate a constant fault current, the series circuit comprising a resistor R and a Zener diode Z is connected to a DC voltage supply source + UB. The relay RL is excited with fault current in the switched-off state via a diode D which is connected to the Zener diode Z. If the DC voltage of the battery UB now fluctuates within predetermined limits, an essentially constant voltage value is present at the relay RL due to the parallel Zener diode Z. This means that a constant threshold value is also specified for all power supply cases.
If the relay RL is now to be switched on operationally, a contact K is closed and the relay RL receives the full DC voltage of the battery UB. As a consequence, that the relay RL picks up immediately. When the contact K is closed, the diode D protects the Zener diode Z from being destroyed.

Claims (1)

Schaltungsanordnung mit einem fehlstromerregten elektromagne­tisch steuerbaren Schaltorgan in einem Stromkreis, der es bei geöffnetem Anschaltkontakt im abgeschalteten Zustand ständig über einen Vorwiderstand mit Gleichspannung versorgt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vor­widerstand (R) in Reihe mit einer Zener-Diode (Z) an der Gleichspannung (+UB) liegt und das Relais (RL) über eine Schutzdiode (D) mit der Zener-Diode (Z) verbunden ist.Circuit arrangement with a fault-current-excited, electromagnetically controllable switching element in a circuit which, when the switch-on contact is open, continuously supplies it with direct voltage via a series resistor,
characterized in that the series resistor (R) is connected in series with a Zener diode (Z) to the DC voltage (+ UB) and the relay (RL) is connected to the Zener diode (Z) via a protective diode (D).
EP88106079A 1987-04-21 1988-04-15 Circuit arrangement with an electromagnetically controlled fault current switch device Ceased EP0287975A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3713393 1987-04-21
DE19873713393 DE3713393A1 (en) 1987-04-21 1987-04-21 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT WITH A ELECTROMAGNETICALLY CONTROLLABLE SWITCHING ORGAN

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0287975A2 true EP0287975A2 (en) 1988-10-26
EP0287975A3 EP0287975A3 (en) 1990-06-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88106079A Ceased EP0287975A3 (en) 1987-04-21 1988-04-15 Circuit arrangement with an electromagnetically controlled fault current switch device

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EP (1) EP0287975A3 (en)
DE (1) DE3713393A1 (en)
DK (1) DK213788A (en)
ZA (1) ZA882766B (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1196061A (en) * 1968-02-13 1970-06-24 Davies & Metcalfe Improvements in or relating to the Operation of Electro-Magnetic Coils.
DE2036110A1 (en) * 1970-07-21 1972-01-27 Allg Ind Commerz Walter Von We Fast-switching magnet system for force magnets or solenoid valves
GB2031681A (en) * 1978-09-15 1980-04-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Method and apparatus for switching an actuator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1196061A (en) * 1968-02-13 1970-06-24 Davies & Metcalfe Improvements in or relating to the Operation of Electro-Magnetic Coils.
DE2036110A1 (en) * 1970-07-21 1972-01-27 Allg Ind Commerz Walter Von We Fast-switching magnet system for force magnets or solenoid valves
GB2031681A (en) * 1978-09-15 1980-04-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Method and apparatus for switching an actuator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK213788A (en) 1988-10-22
DK213788D0 (en) 1988-04-20
EP0287975A3 (en) 1990-06-13
DE3713393A1 (en) 1988-11-10
ZA882766B (en) 1988-10-21

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