EP0284858A1 - Radiant cooking oven - Google Patents

Radiant cooking oven Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0284858A1
EP0284858A1 EP88103902A EP88103902A EP0284858A1 EP 0284858 A1 EP0284858 A1 EP 0284858A1 EP 88103902 A EP88103902 A EP 88103902A EP 88103902 A EP88103902 A EP 88103902A EP 0284858 A1 EP0284858 A1 EP 0284858A1
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Prior art keywords
temperature
radiator
temperatures
door
areas
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EP88103902A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0284858B1 (en
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Franz Daub
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Franz Daub U Sohne U Co GmbH
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Franz Daub U Sohne U Co GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/06—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiation oven with an upper and a lower heatable radiator of low heat capacity, which are each provided with a temperature sensor for thermostatic control and special heating elements in the area near the door, and with a control device for the radiator temperatures.
  • the heat requirement is different in different areas of the baking room.
  • the experienced baker therefore knows that he has to start by getting the bottom heat stronger.
  • newer types of furnace US-A 2 415 768; DE-C 1 229 693
  • the high heat capacity is dispensed with and instead a higher temperature of the lower heater is set at the beginning.
  • the heat requirement within the baking room also differs in that there is greater heat loss near the opening when the door is open than further back. It is therefore known to provide special heating elements in the area close to the door (US Pat. No. 2,415,768), which can also be regulated independently of the heating elements located further back (DE-C 1 229 693) by connecting the switch via special switches or regulators Network are connected. This complicates the operation of the oven extremely, because not only the top and bottom heat must be set differently, but also the temperature in the area near the door.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a radiation oven of the type mentioned, which is easier to use.
  • the solution according to the invention consists in that the heating elements of the area near the door can be separately thermostatically controlled by means of temperature sensors provided there separately, that the temperature sensors are arranged for determining the heater temperature and that the control device is set up to control constant heater temperatures by specifying only a uniform temperature.
  • the radiator temperatures are preferably not only regulated constantly but also immediately.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that with sufficient power tuning and a sensitive measurement of the heater temperature as such (without falsification by nearby heating elements or parts of large heat capacity), the different heat requirements in different areas of the baking space can be taken into account even if the assigned heater areas do not exist the different heat demand corresponding different temperature is specified. This contradicts the previous, thermally well-founded view. Different heat requirements can of course only be taken into account by different heat flow densities. However, if - as the invention presupposes - both the heater temperatures and the product temperatures are the same everywhere at the start of the baking process, no different heat flow densities can result and therefore no different heat supply can take place zone by zone.
  • the invention has recognized that the constant temperature conditions only exist during a short time interval which is not decisive for the baking result. Very soon, different temperatures will appear on the good side, which correspond to the different heat requirements. The areas of high heat demand maintain a cooler temperature because the heat received is dissipated more quickly (this is especially true on the underside), while the areas of lower heat demand quickly reach a higher temperature because the heat received is not dissipated as quickly (primarily on the top) ). This changes the effective temperature difference and consequently also the heat flow density that depends on it. Radiators with low heat capacity are all those that are built on comparatively thin metal sheets (US Pat. No. 2,415,768) in contrast to thick plates (DE-C 392 366).
  • the arrangement of the temperature sensors in such a way that they are suitable for determining the radiator temperature requires not only their direct contact with the radiator plates but also such a great distance from the heating elements and other disruptive parts that their measurement result is not affected by them.
  • a known arrangement US Pat. No. 2,415,768 is not suitable for determining the radiator temperature because the temperature sensors are arranged directly adjacent to the heating element housing.
  • Specifying only a uniform temperature means that the temperatures or heating outputs of the individual areas (top or bottom heat; front or rear area of a radiator) need not be set separately, but rather a uniform baking temperature is specified.
  • This predetermined temperature is generally also the temperature which is to be regulated on the radiator surfaces or a specific temperature which, according to baking experience, has a fixed ratio.
  • the controller sets slightly different temperatures for different baking areas (for example slightly higher temperatures in the front areas of the radiators) if, for example, greater heat losses are to be expected there. This doesn't change anything the principle of constant temperature of the heater depends on only one temperature to be specified by the baker when the oven is set.
  • an oven contains several baking rooms (e.g. deck oven), the baking temperature of each individual baking room can be set separately. If, however, all baking rooms are intended exclusively for the same baked goods, a temperature common to them can also be provided.
  • a control device for limiting the total heating power (and thus the connected load), which is based on the fact that the controller does not readily meet every energy requirement signaled by a radiator temperature deviation, but rather forms a ranking of the areas with regard to their power requirement, which depends on the measured difference between the target and the actual temperature, with the areas of lower demand being excluded from the energy supply for the time being as far as their supply would exceed the limit mentioned.
  • This facility is particularly useful for ovens with several baking rooms, in which the staggering of the baking processes can be avoided in all baking rooms at the same time peak demand occurs, and in which the large number of areas to be served can provide a statistically appropriate compensation without affecting the baking result.
  • a cycle operation takes place in which only some of the emitters are supplied with energy.
  • the oven has a housing 1 which has an opening 2 at the front which can be closed by a door 3 which is hinged to the housing 1 by a hinge 4.
  • the oven contains an upper radiator 5 and a lower radiator 6, which are plate-shaped. Both have a front area 7 and a rear area 8, which can be heated separately.
  • a temperature sensor 10 is arranged in each of the front area 7 and the rear area 8.
  • the baking sheet 9 is held at a distance from the lower radiators and covers the rear radiator region 8 and at least that part of the front radiator region 7 which contains the temperature sensor 10.
  • the temperature sensors 10 are connected to a control device which separately controls the power supply for the upper radiator 5 and the lower radiator 6 and for the respective front and rear regions 7 and 8 of the radiators.
  • the separate heating possibility for the areas can be achieved in that these areas contain heating element arrangements which are electrically separate from one another.
  • the size of the front area in relation to the rear area depends on the geometry of the furnace and its main purpose. However, a depth has proven to be particularly expedient for the front area, which is approximately 10 to 30% of the total depth of the emitters.
  • the temperature sensors can simply be glued to the emitters so that the emitter temperature can be determined directly. Their protected arrangement within the radiator constructed from two sheet metal plates according to FIG. 2 is preferred.
  • the upper sheet metal plate 11 forms the radiation-effective surface.
  • the lower, in the manner shown, deformed sheet metal plate 12 includes trapezoidal spaces 13 for receiving the heating rods 14 with the upper sheet metal plate 11.
  • a further space 15 for accommodating the temperature sensor 16 is formed at a distance from the heating rods and the spaces 13 containing them. This can be formed by a thermocouple, a thermal resistor, one or more such elements or the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

Radiant cooking oven with an upper and a lower heatable radiator of low heating capacity, which are respectively provided with a temperature sensor for thermostatic regulation and special heating elements in the region close to the door. The heating elements of the region close to the door can be separately thermostatically regulated by means of temperature sensors provided separately there. The temperature sensors are arranged in such a manner that they determine the radiator temperature in an undistorted manner. The regulating device is arranged to achieve constant radiator temperatures by setting only one uniform temperature for all regions of a cooking space. These radiator temperatures are expediently identical everywhere in a cooking space. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Strahlungsbackofen mit einem oberen und einem unteren beheizbaren Strahler geringer Wärmekapazität, die jeweils mit einem Temperaturfühler für thermostatische Regelung und besonderen Heizelementen im türnahen Bereich versehen sind, sowie mit einer Regelein­richtung für die Strahlertemperaturen.The invention relates to a radiation oven with an upper and a lower heatable radiator of low heat capacity, which are each provided with a temperature sensor for thermostatic control and special heating elements in the area near the door, and with a control device for the radiator temperatures.

Nach dem Einschieben frischen Backguts auf einem Backblech in einen Backofen wird ein Wärmeschub zum Aufheizen der noch kühlen Oberflächen des Guts und des Backblechs sowie der Atmosphäre benötigt. Dem hat man bei herkömmlichen Backöfen (DE-C 392 366) dadurch Rechnung getragen, daß man die Strahler mit großer Wärmekapazität ausstattete, die eine entsprechend starke Wärmeabgabe in der Anfangsphase des Vorgangs ermöglicht.After inserting fresh baked goods on a baking sheet into an oven, a warming boost is required to heat the still cool surfaces of the baked goods and the baking sheet, as well as the atmosphere. This has been taken into account in conventional ovens (DE-C 392 366) by providing the radiators with a large heat capacity, which enables a correspondingly high heat emission in the initial phase of the process.

Der Wärmebedarf ist in unterschiedlichen Bereichen des Backraums verschieden. Infolge der hohen Wärmeeindringzahl (gute Wärmeleitung und hohes spezifisches Gewicht) des Backblechs nimmt dies anfangs besonders viel Wärme auf, und zwar vornehmlich von der Unterseite, weil die Oberseite durch das Backgut größtenteils abgedeckt ist. Der erfahrene Bäcker weiß deshalb, daß er anfangs für stärkere Unterhitze sorgen muß. Bei älteren Ofenbauarten wird diese durch höhere Wärmekapazität des unteren Strahlers dadurch bereitgestellt, daß dieser als schwerer "Herd" ausgeführt wird. Bei neueren Ofenbauarten (US-A 2 415 768; DE-C 1 229 693) verzichtet man auf die hohe Wärmekapazität und stellt stattdessen zu Beginn eine höhere Temperatur des unteren Strahlers ein.The heat requirement is different in different areas of the baking room. As a result of the high heat penetration number (good heat conduction and high specific weight) of the baking sheet, this initially absorbs a lot of heat, especially from the underside, because the top side is largely covered by the baked goods. The experienced baker therefore knows that he has to start by getting the bottom heat stronger. In older types of furnaces, this is provided by the higher heat capacity of the lower radiator in that it is designed as a heavy "stove". In newer types of furnace (US-A 2 415 768; DE-C 1 229 693) the high heat capacity is dispensed with and instead a higher temperature of the lower heater is set at the beginning.

Unterschiedlich ist der Wärmebedarf innerhalb des Backraums auch insofern, als nahe der Öffnung bei geöffneter Tür stärkere Wärmeverluste auftreten als weiter hinten. Es ist deshalb bekannt, im türnahen Bereich besondere Heizelemente vorzusehen (US-A 2 415 768), die auch unabhängig von den weiter hinten befindlichen Heizelementen regelbar sein können (DE-C 1 229 693), indem sie über besondere Schalter oder Regler an das Netz angeschlossen sind. Dies kompliziert die Bedienung des Ofens außerordentlich, weil nicht nur die Ober- und Unterhitze unterschiedlich eingestellt werden muß, sondern zusätzlich auch die Temperatur im türnahen Bereich.The heat requirement within the baking room also differs in that there is greater heat loss near the opening when the door is open than further back. It is therefore known to provide special heating elements in the area close to the door (US Pat. No. 2,415,768), which can also be regulated independently of the heating elements located further back (DE-C 1 229 693) by connecting the switch via special switches or regulators Network are connected. This complicates the operation of the oven extremely, because not only the top and bottom heat must be set differently, but also the temperature in the area near the door.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Strahlungs­backofen der genannten Art zu schaffen, der einfacher bedienbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide a radiation oven of the type mentioned, which is easier to use.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung besteht darin, daß die Heizele­mente des türnahen Bereichs mittels dort gesondert vorgese­hener Temperaturfühler gesondert thermostatisch regelbar sind, daß die Temperaturfühler zur Ermittlung der Strahler­temperatur angeordnet sind und daß die Regeleinrichtung zur Regelung konstanter Strahlertemperaturen unter Vorgabe lediglich einer einheitlichen Temperatur eingerichtet ist. Vorzugsweise werden die Strahlertemperaturen nicht nur konstant sondern auch gleich eingeregelt.The solution according to the invention consists in that the heating elements of the area near the door can be separately thermostatically controlled by means of temperature sensors provided there separately, that the temperature sensors are arranged for determining the heater temperature and that the control device is set up to control constant heater temperatures by specifying only a uniform temperature. The radiator temperatures are preferably not only regulated constantly but also immediately.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß bei hin­reichender Leistungsabstimmung und einer empfindlichen Messung der Strahlertemperatur als solcher (ohne Verfäl­schung durch nahegelegene Heizelemente oder Teile großer Wärmekapazität) dem unterschiedlichen Wärmebedarf in ver­schiedenen Bereichen des Backraums auch dann Rechnung getragen werden kann, wenn den zugeordneten Strahlerbe­reichen keine dem unterschiedlichen Wärmebedarf entspre­chende, unterschiedliche Temperatur vorgegeben wird. Dies steht in Widerspruch zu bisheriger, wärmetechnisch wohlbe­gründeter Auffassung. Unterschiedlichem Wärmebedarf kann selbstverständlich nur durch unterschiedliche Wärmestrom­dichte Rechnung getragen werden. Wenn aber - wie die Erfin­dung dies voraussetzt - bei Beginn des Backprozesses sowohl die Strahlertemperaturen als auch die Guttemperaturen überall gleich sind, können sich keine unterschiedlichen Wärmestromdichten ergeben und kann daher auch keine zonenweise unterschiedliche Wärmeversorgung stattfinden. Jedoch hat die Erfindung erkannt, daß die konstanten Tempe­raturverhältnisse nur während eines kurzen, für das Backer­gebnis nicht ausschlaggebenden Zeitintervals bestehen. Sehr bald stellen sich nämlich auf der Gutseite unterschiedliche Temperaturen ein, die dem unterschiedlichen Wärmebedarf entsprechen. Die Bereiche hohen Wärmebedarfs behalten eine kühlere Temperatur, weil die empfangene Wärme rascher fortgeleitet wird (dies gilt vornehmlich auf der Untersei­te), während die Bereiche geringeren Wärmebedarfs rasch eine höhere Temperatur annehmen, weil die empfangene Wärme nicht so rasch fortgeleitet wird (vornehmlich auf der Oberseite). Damit ändert sich die wirksame Temperaturdifferenz und folglich auch die davon abhängige Wärmestromdichte. Strahler mit geringer Wärmekapazität sind alle diejenigen, die auf vergleichsweise dünnen Blechen (US-A 2 415 768) im Gegensatz zu dicken Platten (DE-C 392 366) aufgebaut sind.The invention is based on the knowledge that with sufficient power tuning and a sensitive measurement of the heater temperature as such (without falsification by nearby heating elements or parts of large heat capacity), the different heat requirements in different areas of the baking space can be taken into account even if the assigned heater areas do not exist the different heat demand corresponding different temperature is specified. This contradicts the previous, thermally well-founded view. Different heat requirements can of course only be taken into account by different heat flow densities. However, if - as the invention presupposes - both the heater temperatures and the product temperatures are the same everywhere at the start of the baking process, no different heat flow densities can result and therefore no different heat supply can take place zone by zone. However, the invention has recognized that the constant temperature conditions only exist during a short time interval which is not decisive for the baking result. Very soon, different temperatures will appear on the good side, which correspond to the different heat requirements. The areas of high heat demand maintain a cooler temperature because the heat received is dissipated more quickly (this is especially true on the underside), while the areas of lower heat demand quickly reach a higher temperature because the heat received is not dissipated as quickly (primarily on the top) ). This changes the effective temperature difference and consequently also the heat flow density that depends on it. Radiators with low heat capacity are all those that are built on comparatively thin metal sheets (US Pat. No. 2,415,768) in contrast to thick plates (DE-C 392 366).

Die Anordnung der Temperaturfühler in solcher Weise, daß sie zur Ermittlung der Strahlertemperatur geeignet sind, ver­langt nicht nur deren unmittelbaren Kontakt mit den Strah­lerblechen sondern auch eine so große Entfernung von den Heizelementen und sonstigen störenden Teilen, daß ihr Meßergebnis von diesen nicht beeinträchtigt wird. So ist zum Beispiel eine bekannte Anordnung (US-A 2 415 768) zur Ermittlung der Strahlertemperatur nicht geeignet, weil die Temperaturfühler unmittelbar angrenzend an Heizelement­gehäuse angeordnet sind.The arrangement of the temperature sensors in such a way that they are suitable for determining the radiator temperature requires not only their direct contact with the radiator plates but also such a great distance from the heating elements and other disruptive parts that their measurement result is not affected by them. For example, a known arrangement (US Pat. No. 2,415,768) is not suitable for determining the radiator temperature because the temperature sensors are arranged directly adjacent to the heating element housing.

Was unter einer Regeleinrichtung zur Regelung konstanter Strahlertemperaturen zu verstehen ist, ergibt sich ohne weiteres aus der Natur der Sache. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bei geeigneter Wahl der Temperaturfühler und Wahl handelsüblicher Regler eine Temperaturkonstanz innerhalb weniger °C erreichbar ist.What is to be understood by a control device for controlling constant radiator temperatures is derived from the nature of the matter. It has been shown that with a suitable choice of temperature sensors and a choice of commercially available controllers, a constant temperature can be achieved within a few ° C.

Vorgabe lediglich einer einheitlichen Temperatur bedeutet, daß die Temperaturen oder Heizleistungen der einzelnen Bereiche (Ober- bzw. Unterhitze; vorderer bzw. hinterer Bereich eines Strahlers) nicht gesondert einzustellen ist sondern eine einheitliche Backtemperatur vorgegeben wird. Diese vorgegebene Temperatur ist im allgemeinen auch dieje­nige Temperatur, die an den Strahleroberflächen einzuregeln ist oder eine dazu in einer bestimmten, nach der backtech­nischen Erfahrung in einem festen Verhältnis stehende Temperatur. Jedoch soll (abweichend von Anspruch 2) nicht ausgeschlossen sein, daß der Regler für verschiedene Back­bereiche geringfügig unterschiedliche Temperaturen (bei­spielsweise in den vorderen Bereichen der Strahler etwas höhere Temperaturen) einstellt, wenn dort beispielsweise größere Wärmeverluste zu erwarten sind. Dies ändert nichts an dem Prinzip der Temperaturkonstanz der Strahler abhängig von nur einer einzigen bei der Einstellung des Backofens durch den Bäcker vorzugebenden Temperatur.Specifying only a uniform temperature means that the temperatures or heating outputs of the individual areas (top or bottom heat; front or rear area of a radiator) need not be set separately, but rather a uniform baking temperature is specified. This predetermined temperature is generally also the temperature which is to be regulated on the radiator surfaces or a specific temperature which, according to baking experience, has a fixed ratio. However (notwithstanding claim 2) it should not be ruled out that the controller sets slightly different temperatures for different baking areas (for example slightly higher temperatures in the front areas of the radiators) if, for example, greater heat losses are to be expected there. This doesn't change anything the principle of constant temperature of the heater depends on only one temperature to be specified by the baker when the oven is set.

Enthält ein Backofen mehrere Backräume (beispielsweise Etagenbackofen), so kann die Backtemperatur jedes einzelnen Backraums gesondert einstellbar sein. Wenn jedoch samtliche Backräume ausschließlich für dasselbe Backgut bestimmt sind, kann auch eine für sie alle gemeinsame Temperatur vorgesehen sein.If an oven contains several baking rooms (e.g. deck oven), the baking temperature of each individual baking room can be set separately. If, however, all baking rooms are intended exclusively for the same baked goods, a temperature common to them can also be provided.

Ohne daß dem Bäcker dies bewußt wird, wird bei herkömmlichen Backöfen (auch solchen mit geringer Wärmekapazität) vor allem zu Beginn des Backvorgangs die Wärmekapazität der den Backraum einschließenden Teile genutzt, indem diese bereichsweise auf eine erhöhte Temperatur eingestellt sind, wobei ihre Wärmeabgabe zu Beginn des Backvorgangs nicht allein aus der Heizleistung sondern zu einem wesentlichen Teil auch durch Temperaturabsenkung gespeist wird. Da diese Möglichkeit im Falle der Erfindung entfällt oder jedenfalls wesentlich weniger genutzt werden kann, wird eine entspre­chend höhere Heizleistung benötigt, die als höherer An­schlußwert nachteilig empfunden wird. Erfindungsgemäß kann deshalb vorgesehen sein, daß eine Regeleinrichtung zur Begrenzung der gesamten Heizleistung (und damit des An­schlußwerts) vorgesehen ist, die darauf beruht, daß der Regler nicht jeden durch Strahlertemperaturabweichung signalisierten Energiebedarf ohne weiteres erfüllt sondern eine Rangfolge der Bereiche hinsichtlich ihres Leistungsbe­darfs bildet, die abhängig ist von der jeweils gemessenen Differenz zwischen Soll- und Ist-Temperatur, wobei die Bereiche geringeren Bedarfsranges von der Energieversorgung einstweilen ausgeschlossen werden, soweit durch ihre Ver­sorgung die genannte Grenze überschritten würde. Diese Einrichtung ist besonders bei Backöfen mit mehreren Back­räumen sinnvoll, bei denen durch zeitliche Staffelung der Backvorgänge vermieden werden kann, daß in allen Backräumen gleichzeitig Spitzenbedarf auftritt, und in denen durch die große Anzahl der zu versorgenden Bereiche ein statistisch angemessener Ausgleich stattfinden kann, ohne daß das Backergebnis beeinträchtigt wird. Es findet dabei ein Taktbetrieb statt, in welchem jeweils nur einige der Strah­ler mit Energie versorgt werden.Without the baker being aware of this, conventional ovens (including those with low heat capacity) use the heat capacity of the parts enclosing the baking chamber, especially at the beginning of the baking process, by setting them to an elevated temperature in some areas, with their heat being released at the beginning of the Baking process is not only fed from the heating power but also to a large extent by lowering the temperature. Since this possibility does not apply in the case of the invention or can in any case be used much less, a correspondingly higher heating output is required, which is perceived as a higher connection value. According to the invention, it can therefore be provided that a control device is provided for limiting the total heating power (and thus the connected load), which is based on the fact that the controller does not readily meet every energy requirement signaled by a radiator temperature deviation, but rather forms a ranking of the areas with regard to their power requirement, which depends on the measured difference between the target and the actual temperature, with the areas of lower demand being excluded from the energy supply for the time being as far as their supply would exceed the limit mentioned. This facility is particularly useful for ovens with several baking rooms, in which the staggering of the baking processes can be avoided in all baking rooms at the same time peak demand occurs, and in which the large number of areas to be served can provide a statistically appropriate compensation without affecting the baking result. A cycle operation takes place in which only some of the emitters are supplied with energy.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden näher unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen erläutert. Darin zeigen:

  • Figur 1 einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch einen Backofen und
  • Figur 2 eine Schnittdarstellung eines Strahlers.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In it show:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic longitudinal section through an oven and
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of a radiator.

Der Backofen weist ein Gehäuse 1 auf, das vorne eine Öffnung 2 besitzt, die mit einer Tür 3 verschlossen werden kann, die mit einem Scharnier 4 am Gehäuse 1 angelenkt ist. Der Backofen enthält einen oberen Strahler 5 und einen unteren Strahler 6, die plattenförmig ausgebildet sind. Beide weisen einen vorderen Bereich 7 und einen hinteren Bereich 8 auf, die gesondert beheizbar sind. Im vorderen Bereich 7 und im hinteren Bereich 8 ist je ein Temperaturfühler 10 angeord­net. Das Backblech 9 ist in Abstand von den unteren Strah­lern gehalten und überdeckt den hinteren Strahlerbereich 8 sowie mindestens denjenigen Teil des vorderen Strahlerbe­reichs 7, der den Temperaturfühler 10 enthält.The oven has a housing 1 which has an opening 2 at the front which can be closed by a door 3 which is hinged to the housing 1 by a hinge 4. The oven contains an upper radiator 5 and a lower radiator 6, which are plate-shaped. Both have a front area 7 and a rear area 8, which can be heated separately. A temperature sensor 10 is arranged in each of the front area 7 and the rear area 8. The baking sheet 9 is held at a distance from the lower radiators and covers the rear radiator region 8 and at least that part of the front radiator region 7 which contains the temperature sensor 10.

Die Temperaturfühler 10 sind mit einer Regeleinrichtung verbunden, die für den oberen Strahler 5 und den unteren Strahler 6 sowie für die jeweiligen vorderen und hinteren Bereiche 7 und 8 der Strahler die Stromzufuhr getrennt regelt. Die getrennte Heizmöglichkeit für die Bereiche kann man dadurch erreichen, daß diese Bereiche voneinander elektrisch getrennte Heizstabanordnungen enthalten.The temperature sensors 10 are connected to a control device which separately controls the power supply for the upper radiator 5 and the lower radiator 6 and for the respective front and rear regions 7 and 8 of the radiators. The separate heating possibility for the areas can be achieved in that these areas contain heating element arrangements which are electrically separate from one another.

Wie groß der vordere Bereich im Verhältnis zum hinteren Bereich gewählt wird, hängt von der Geometrie des Ofens und seinem hauptsächlichen Verwendungszweck ab. Es hat sich aber eine Tiefe als besonders zweckmäßig für den vorderen Bereich erwiesen, die ungefähr 10 bis 30 % der Gesamttiefe der Strahler beträgt.The size of the front area in relation to the rear area depends on the geometry of the furnace and its main purpose. However, a depth has proven to be particularly expedient for the front area, which is approximately 10 to 30% of the total depth of the emitters.

Die Temperaturfühler können einfach auf die Strahler geklebt werden, um auf diese Weise direkt die Strahlertemperatur ermitteln zu können. Bevorzugt wird ihre geschützte Anord­nung innerhalb der aus zwei Blechplatten gemäß Fig. 2 aufgebauten Strahler. Die obere Blechplatte 11 bildet die strahlungswirksame Fläche. Die untere, in der dargestellten Weise verformte Blechplatte 12 schließt mit der oberen Blechplatte 11 trapezförmige Räume 13 zur Aufnahme der Heizstäbe 14 ein. In Abstand von den Heizstäben und den sie enthaltenden Räumen 13 ist ein weiterer Raum 15 zur Aufnahme des Temperaturfühlers 16 gebildet. Dieser kann von einem Thermoelement, einem Thermowiderstand, einem oder mehreren solcher Elemente oder dergleichen gebildet sein.The temperature sensors can simply be glued to the emitters so that the emitter temperature can be determined directly. Their protected arrangement within the radiator constructed from two sheet metal plates according to FIG. 2 is preferred. The upper sheet metal plate 11 forms the radiation-effective surface. The lower, in the manner shown, deformed sheet metal plate 12 includes trapezoidal spaces 13 for receiving the heating rods 14 with the upper sheet metal plate 11. A further space 15 for accommodating the temperature sensor 16 is formed at a distance from the heating rods and the spaces 13 containing them. This can be formed by a thermocouple, a thermal resistor, one or more such elements or the like.

Claims (3)

1. Strahlungsbackofen mit einem oberen und einem unteren beheizbaren Strahler (5, 6) geringer Wärmekapazität, die jeweils mit einem Temperaturfühler (10) für thermostatische Regelung und besonderen Heizelementen im türnahen Bereich versehen sind, sowie mit einer Regel­einrichtung für die Strahlertemperarturen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizelemente des türnahen Bereichs (7) mittels dort gesondert vorgesehener Tempe­raturfühler (10) gesondert thermostatisch regelbar sind, die Temperaturfühler (10) zur Ermittlung der Strahler­temperatur angeordnet sind und die Regeleinrichtung zur Regelung konstanter Strahlertemperaturen und zur Vorgabe lediglich einer einheitlichen Temperatur eingerichtet ist.1. radiation oven with an upper and a lower heatable radiator (5, 6) of low heat capacity, which are each provided with a temperature sensor (10) for thermostatic control and special heating elements in the area near the door, and with a control device for the radiator temperatures, characterized in that that the heating elements of the area near the door (7) can be separately thermostatically controlled by means of temperature sensors (10) provided there, the temperature sensors (10) are arranged to determine the heater temperature and the control device is set up to control constant heater temperatures and to specify only a uniform temperature. 2. Strahlungsbackofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Regeleinrichtung zur Regelung gleicher Strahlertemperaturen eingerichtet ist.2. Radiation oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device is set up to control the same lamp temperatures. 3. Strahlungsbackofen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Einrichtung vorgesehen ist, die beim Erreichen einer vorbestimmten Grenze der gesamten Leistungsaufnahme eine Rangfolge des Leistungsbedarfs der zu versorgenden Bereiche (5, 6, 7, 8) abhängig von deren Differenz zwischen Soll- und Ist-Temperatur fest­stellt und die Bereiche geringeren Bedarfsranges, soweit durch ihre Versorgung die genannte Grenze überschritten wurde, von der Versorgung einstweilen ausschließt.3. Radiation oven according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a device is provided which, when reaching a predetermined limit of the total power consumption, a ranking of the power requirements of the areas to be supplied (5, 6, 7, 8) depending on their difference between the target - Determines and actual temperature and for the time being excludes the areas of lower demand, insofar as their supply has exceeded the specified limit.
EP88103902A 1987-03-12 1988-03-11 Radiant cooking oven Expired - Lifetime EP0284858B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8703748U DE8703748U1 (de) 1987-03-12 1987-03-12 Strahlungsbackofen
DE8703748U 1987-03-12

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EP0284858A1 true EP0284858A1 (en) 1988-10-05
EP0284858B1 EP0284858B1 (en) 1991-01-23

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EP88103902A Expired - Lifetime EP0284858B1 (en) 1987-03-12 1988-03-11 Radiant cooking oven

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5790750A (en) * 1993-10-29 1998-08-04 Applied Materials, Inc. Profiled substrate heating utilizing a support temperature and a substrate temperature

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2919918A1 (en) * 2007-08-09 2009-02-13 Eurofours Sa VENTILATED OVEN FOR COOKING FOOD

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE392366C (en) * 1921-12-08 1924-03-20 Aeg Electrically heated oven
CH216934A (en) * 1940-10-08 1941-09-30 Backofenfabrik Tschann Electrically heated oven for baking and drying.
US2415768A (en) * 1942-10-05 1947-02-11 Harold N Shaw Electric oven
DE1229693B (en) * 1957-04-08 1966-12-01 Elektro Dahlen Preferably electrically heated baking and roasting oven
US4215266A (en) * 1978-12-21 1980-07-29 Smith Gilbert L Baking oven

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE392366C (en) * 1921-12-08 1924-03-20 Aeg Electrically heated oven
CH216934A (en) * 1940-10-08 1941-09-30 Backofenfabrik Tschann Electrically heated oven for baking and drying.
US2415768A (en) * 1942-10-05 1947-02-11 Harold N Shaw Electric oven
DE1229693B (en) * 1957-04-08 1966-12-01 Elektro Dahlen Preferably electrically heated baking and roasting oven
US4215266A (en) * 1978-12-21 1980-07-29 Smith Gilbert L Baking oven

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5790750A (en) * 1993-10-29 1998-08-04 Applied Materials, Inc. Profiled substrate heating utilizing a support temperature and a substrate temperature

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3861604D1 (en) 1991-02-28
DE8703748U1 (de) 1987-09-10
EP0284858B1 (en) 1991-01-23

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