EP0280912A1 - Short wave antenna group - Google Patents

Short wave antenna group Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0280912A1
EP0280912A1 EP88101660A EP88101660A EP0280912A1 EP 0280912 A1 EP0280912 A1 EP 0280912A1 EP 88101660 A EP88101660 A EP 88101660A EP 88101660 A EP88101660 A EP 88101660A EP 0280912 A1 EP0280912 A1 EP 0280912A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
phase
short
transmitters
groups
wave dipole
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Granted
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EP88101660A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0280912B1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Reiche
Manfred Dipl.-Ing. Idselis
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ASEA BROWN BOVERI AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Asea Brown Boveri AG Germany
BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
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Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland, Asea Brown Boveri AG Germany, BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Priority to AT88101660T priority Critical patent/ATE80248T1/en
Publication of EP0280912A1 publication Critical patent/EP0280912A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters

Abstract

A new power supply is specified for a short-wave curtain antenna with phase-controlled rotation of the polar diagram. The power is applied by means of a plurality of transmitters (13, 14). Each transmitter (13, 14) supplies an associated dipole group (10, 11). The rotation of the polar diagram takes place by simultaneous operation of the RF transmitters (13, 14) with a different phase angle. The phase angle is adjusted by means of phase rotating members (17) which are connected upstream of the RF transmitters (14). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Kurzwellen-Dipolgruppen, beste­hend aus wenigstens zwei Dipol-Teilgruppen, die zur Schwenkung der Hauptstrahlrichtung mit Strömen unter­schiedlicher Phase und gleicher Amplitude gespeist wer­den.The invention relates to short-wave dipole groups, consisting of at least two dipole sub-groups, which are fed with currents of different phases and the same amplitude to pivot the main beam direction.

In dem Aufsatz "Rundfunk-Sendeantennen im Lang-,Mittel- und Kurzwellenbereich" von Fritz Behne in der Funkschau, Heft 26-1975, Seiten 44 bis 47, wurden Kurzwellenanten­nen beschrieben, die aus einer Vielzahl von in einer Ebene übereinander und nebeneinander angeordneter Ein­zeldipole aufgebaut sind. Die gesamte Senderenergie wird zum Fußpunkt der Antenne geführt. Dort wird die Leistung auf einzelne Gruppen der Antennen, die sogenannten bays, aufgeteilt. Die Hauptstrahlrichtung derartiger Kurzwel­len-Vorhangantennen kann in azimutaler Richtung dadurch geschwenkt werden, daß benachbarte Dipole bzw. Dipol­gruppen mit Strömen unterschiedlicher Phase und gleicher Amplitude gespeist werden. Die dazu erforderliche Verän­derung der Speisestromphase wird durch einschaltbare Umwegleitungen oder motorgetriebene Posaunen-Leitungen stufenweise oder kontinuierlich bewirkt.In the essay "Broadcasting Antennas in the Long, Medium and Shortwave Range" by Fritz Behne in the Funkschau, issue 26-1975, pages 44 to 47, shortwave antennas were described which consist of a large number of single dipoles arranged one above the other and next to one another are set up. All transmitter energy is directed to the base of the antenna. There the power is divided into individual groups of antennas, the so-called bays. The main beam direction of such short-wave curtain antennas can be pivoted in the azimuthal direction in that adjacent dipoles or dipole groups with currents of different phases and the same Amplitude are fed. The necessary change in the feed current phase is effected in stages or continuously by switchable detour lines or motor-driven trombone lines.

Die hierfür erforderlichen Schalteinrichtungen, die Um­wegleitungen bzw. die Posaunen-Leitungen sind relativ aufwendige Bauteile. Die Abstrahlleistung der Antenne ist begrenzt und hängt von der maximal möglichen Lei­stung des Hochfrequenzsenders (HF-Sender) ab.The switching devices required for this, the detour lines and the trombone lines are relatively complex components. The radiation power of the antenna is limited and depends on the maximum possible power of the high-frequency transmitter (HF transmitter).

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, Kurzwellen-Dipolgruppen der eingangs genanten Art anzugeben, bei denen eine Er­höhung des Sendeleistung bei Verwendung üblicher HF-Sen­der erzielbar ist, und bei der auf die Schalteinrichtun­gen, die Umwegleitungen bzw. Posaunen-Leitungen, die der Veränderung der Speisestromphase dienen, verzichtet wer­den kann.The object of the invention is to provide short-wave dipole groups of the type mentioned, in which an increase in transmission power can be achieved when using conventional RF transmitters, and in the switching devices, the detour lines or trombone lines, the change in the feed current phase serve, can be dispensed with.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine neue Energiezuführung ge­löst, derzufolge die HF-Leistung mehrerer Sender jeweils direkt zu Teilgruppen der Kurzwellen-Dipolgruppen ge­führt werden. Die Diagrammschwenkung wird nicht mehr durch Zu- oder Abschalten von Leistungszügen erreicht, sondern durch Simultanbetrieb der Kurzwellensender mit unterschiedlicher Trägerphasenlage.This task is solved by a new energy supply, according to which the RF power of several transmitters is led directly to sub-groups of the short-wave dipole groups. The diagram swiveling is no longer achieved by switching power trains on or off, but by simultaneous operation of the short-wave transmitters with different carrier phase positions.

Um die Sender zu synchronisieren, werden sie zweck­mäßigerweise durch einen gemeinsamen Referenzoszillator gesteuert. Es werden zur Einstellung der unterschiedli­chen Phasenlagen vorzugsweise Phasendrehglieder verwen­det. Hierbei handelt es sich um elektronische Bauteile, die entsprechend eines vorgebbaren Sollwertes die Pha­senlage des Referenzoszillator-Signals drehen. Werden n HF-Sender mit unterschiedlicher Phasenlage betrieben, so sind wenigstens n-1-Phasendrehglieder einzusetzen.In order to synchronize the transmitters, they are expediently controlled by a common reference oscillator. Phase rotation elements are preferably used to set the different phase positions. These are electronic components that rotate the phase position of the reference oscillator signal in accordance with a specifiable setpoint. If n RF transmitters are operated with different phase positions, at least n-1 phase rotators must be used.

Einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung zufolge, wird die Pha­sendifferenz anhand eines Regelkreises aufrechterhalten. Durch eine Phasenvergleichseinrichtung wird die Phasen­abweichung zwischen zwei Speisestromleitungen der Dipol­gruppen gemessen. Dieser Phasen-Istwert wird in einem Komparator mit einem vorgebbaren Sollwert verglichen. Liegt eine Abweichung zwischen Soll- und Istwert vor, so beeinflußt der Komparator das Phasendrehglied derart, daß der Phasenfehler ausgeglichen wird.According to a development of the invention, the phase difference is maintained using a control loop. The phase deviation between two supply current lines of the dipole groups is measured by a phase comparison device. This actual phase value is compared in a comparator with a specifiable setpoint. If there is a discrepancy between the setpoint and actual value, the comparator influences the phase rotating element in such a way that the phase error is compensated for.

Die Befehlseingabe (Sollwertvorgabe) für die Steuerung der Phasendrehglieder übernimmt in vorteilhafter Weise ein Prozeßrechner. Dem Prozeßrechner werden die unter­schiedlichen Abstrahlwinkel (entsprechend den Sendeziel­gebieten), die im Ablauf eines Tages eingestellt werden, vorgegeben. Der Prozeßrechner berechnet zu jedem Zeit­punkt die für die Abstrahlwinkel erforderlichen Sollpha­sendifferenzen der einzelnen Dipolteilgruppen und gibt entsprechend Steuerbefehle an die Komparatoren ab.The command input (target value specification) for controlling the phase rotating elements is advantageously carried out by a process computer. The process computer is given the different radiation angles (corresponding to the transmission target areas) that are set in the course of a day. The process computer calculates the setpoint phase differences of the individual dipole subgroups required for the radiation angles at all times and issues control commands to the comparators accordingly.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung kann die der Antenne zugeführte Trägerleistung erheblich gesteigert werden, ohne daß standardisierte Baugruppen des Systems (z.B. Energieleitungen, HF-Sender) modifiziert werden müssen, da nunmehr anstelle nur eines HF-Senders mehrere HF-Sen­der die Antenne speisen. Die Schwenkung der Hauptkeule ist kontinuierlich in weiteren Winkelbereichen, z.B. plus/minus 0 und plus/minuns 30° einstellbar. Sie wird durch einen Phasenvergleich der (am Fußpunkt der Teil­gruppen ausgekoppelten) vorlaufenden Welle eingestellt. Die Phaseneinstellung erfolgt bei niedrigem Leistungspe­gel, da das Phasendrehglied jeweils vor dem HF-Sender angeordnet ist. Die mechanisch aufwendigen Umwegleitun­gen bzw. Posaunen-Leitungen können entfallen und die Umschaltzeiten können wesentlich verkürzt werden. Die Phaseneinstellung ist ferner eine elektronischen Rege­lung und einer Steuerung durch einen elektronische Da­tenverarbeitungsanlage zugänglich.By means of the solution according to the invention, the carrier power supplied to the antenna can be increased considerably without having to modify standardized components of the system (for example power lines, RF transmitters), since instead of just one RF transmitter, several RF transmitters feed the antenna. The pivoting of the main lobe can be continuously adjusted in other angular ranges, e.g. plus / minus 0 and plus / minuns 30 °. It is set by comparing the phases of the leading wave (coupled out at the base of the subgroups). The phase is set at a low power level because the phase shifter is arranged in front of the RF transmitter. The mechanically complex detour lines or trombone lines can be omitted and the switchover times can be shortened considerably. The Phase adjustment is also accessible to electronic regulation and control by an electronic data processing system.

Anhand der einzigen Figur soll die Erfindung im folgen­den näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the single figure.

Die schematisch angedeutete Kurzwellen-Dipolgruppe (Kurzwellen-Vorhangantenne) besteht aus zwei Dipolteil­gruppen 10, 11, die aus jeweils zwei Dipolen aufgebaut sind. Die beiden Dipole einer Dipolteilgruppe 10,11 sind jeweils über eine Verzweigung 12 parallelgeschaltet. Jede der beiden Dipolteilgruppen 10,11 wird durch einen eigenen, zugehörigen HF-Sender 13, 14 gespeist. Die bei den HF-Sender 13,14 werden mit demselben Informations­signal eines Niederfrequenzsignalgebers 15 angesteuert.The schematically indicated short-wave dipole group (short-wave curtain antenna) consists of two dipole sub-groups 10, 11, which are each composed of two dipoles. The two dipoles of a dipole subgroup 10, 11 are each connected in parallel via a branch 12. Each of the two dipole subgroups 10, 11 is fed by its own associated RF transmitter 13, 14. The RF transmitters 13, 14 are controlled with the same information signal from a low-frequency signal transmitter 15.

Ein gemeinsamer Referenzoszillator 16, der beiden HF-­Sendern, 13, 14 vorgeschaltet ist, sorgt für den Simul­tanbetrieb beider HF-Sender 13, 14. Ein HF-Sender 13 ist unmittelbar an den Ausgang des Referenzoszillators 16 angeschlossen, während in der Verbindungsleitung zwi­schen Referenzoszillator 16 und dem anderen HF-Sender 14 ein Phasendrehglied 17 angeordnet ist. Es kann zweckmäß­ig sein, jedem HF-Sender 13, 14 ein eigenes Phasendreh­glied 17 vorzuschalten.A common reference oscillator 16, which is connected upstream of the two RF transmitters 13, 14, ensures the simultaneous operation of both RF transmitters 13, 14. An RF transmitter 13 is connected directly to the output of the reference oscillator 16, while in the connecting line between the reference oscillator 16 and the other RF transmitter 14, a phase shifter 17 is arranged. It may be expedient to connect a separate phase shifter 17 upstream of each RF transmitter 13, 14.

Das Phasendrehglied 17 wird durch einen Komparator 18 gesteuert. Der Komparator 18 enthält einen Sollwertein­gang 19, an dem eine Phasensollwertvorgabe vorgenommen werden kann. Ferner enthält der Komparator einen Ist­werteingang 20. Der Istwerteingang 20 des Komparators 18 ist mit einer Phasenvergleicheinrichtung 21 verbunden, welche die Phasenunterschiede mißt, die zwischen den Strömen in den Speisestromleitungen 22,23 auftreten. Die Phasenvergleichseinrichtung 21, der Komparator 18, das Phasendrehglied 17 und der HF-Sender 14 sind als Regel­kreis geschaltet. Die Phasenvergleichseinrichtung 21 mißt den Phasenunterschied der Ströme in den Speise­stromleitungen 22, 23. Der Meßwert (Istwert) wird in dem Komparator 18 mit einem vorgebbaren Phasensollwert ver­glichen. Der Komparator 18 steuert das Phasendrehglied 17 derart, daß eine Abweichung zwischen Istwert und Sollwert ausgeglichen wird.The phase shifter 17 is controlled by a comparator 18. The comparator 18 contains a setpoint input 19, at which a phase setpoint can be specified. The comparator also contains an actual value input 20. The actual value input 20 of the comparator 18 is connected to a phase comparison device 21, which measures the phase differences that occur between the currents in the feed current lines 22, 23. The phase comparison device 21, the comparator 18, the Phase rotator 17 and the RF transmitter 14 are connected as a control loop. The phase comparison device 21 measures the phase difference of the currents in the feed current lines 22, 23. The measured value (actual value) is compared in the comparator 18 with a predefinable phase setpoint. The comparator 18 controls the phase rotating element 17 in such a way that a deviation between the actual value and the desired value is compensated for.

In der Figur sind lediglich zwei Dipolteilgruppen mit jeweils zwei Dipolen dargestellt. Prinzipiell können jedoch bei Kurzwellen-Dipolgruppen eine Vielzahl von Dipolteilgruppen angeordnet werden, wobei jede Dipol­teilgruppe einen bzw. mehrere Dipole enthält. Jede Di­polteilgruppe wird dabei über einen eigenen HF-Sender gespeist. Zur Einstellung der Phasenlage ist jedem der HF-Sender ein Phasendrehglied vorgeschaltet. Lediglich bei einem der HF-Sender kann auf das Phasendrehglied verzichtet werden (Phasenlage = null).In the figure, only two dipole subgroups, each with two dipoles, are shown. In principle, however, a large number of dipole subgroups can be arranged in the case of short-wave dipole groups, each dipole subgroup containing one or more dipoles. Each dipole subgroup is fed via its own RF transmitter. A phase shifter is connected upstream of each of the HF transmitters to adjust the phase position. The phase shifter can be dispensed with only in one of the HF transmitters (phase position = zero).

Claims (6)

1. Kurzwellen-Dipolgruppen, bestehend aus wenig­stens zwei Dipolteilgruppen, die zur Schwenkung der Hauptstrahlrichtung mit Strömen unterschiedlicher Phase gespeist werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens für zwei Teilgruppen (10,11) der Kurzwellen-Dipolgruppen jeweils ein HF-Sender (13,14) vorgeschaltet ist, und daß die HF-Sender (13,14) simultan und bei unterschiedlicher Trägerphasenlage betreibbar sind.1. Short-wave dipole groups, consisting of at least two dipole sub-groups, which are fed with currents of different phases to pivot the main beam direction, characterized in that at least for two sub-groups (10, 11) of the short-wave dipole groups, one RF transmitter (13, 14 ) is connected upstream, and that the RF transmitters (13, 14) can be operated simultaneously and with different carrier phase positions. 2. Kurzwellen-Dipolgruppen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß alle HF-Sender (13,14) durch einen gemeinsamen Referenzoszillator (16) gesteuert werden.2. Short-wave dipole groups according to claim 1, characterized in that all RF transmitters (13, 14) are controlled by a common reference oscillator (16). 3. Kurzwellen-Dipolgruppen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens einem der HF-Sen­der (14) ein Phasendrehglied (17) vorgeschaltet ist.3. Short-wave dipole groups according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the RF transmitters (14) is connected upstream of a phase shifter (17). 4. Kurzwellen-Dipolgruppen nach einem der Anprüche 2 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine Phasenvergleichseinrichtung (21) zur Messung der Speise­ströme der Dipolgruppen (10,11) vorgesehen ist und daß die unterschiedliche Trägerphasenlage durch eine Pha­senregler aufrechterhalten wird.4. Short-wave dipole groups according to one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that at least one phase comparison device (21) is provided for measuring the feed currents of the dipole groups (10, 11) and that the different carrier phase positions are maintained by a phase controller. 5. Kurzwellen-Dipolgruppen nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausgang der Phasenvergleichsein­richtung (21) mit dem Istwert-Eingang (20) eines das Phasendrehglied (17) steuernden Komparators (18) verbun­den ist.5. Short-wave dipole groups according to claim 4, characterized in that the output of the phase comparison device (21) is connected to the actual value input (20) of a comparator (18) controlling the phase rotating element (17). 6. Kurzwellen-Dipolgruppen nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Phasendrehglie­der (17) durch einen Prozeßrechner gesteuert werden.6. Short-wave dipole groups according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the phase rotating elements (17) are controlled by a process computer.
EP88101660A 1987-02-11 1988-02-05 Short wave antenna group Revoked EP0280912B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88101660T ATE80248T1 (en) 1987-02-11 1988-02-05 SHORTWAVE DIPOLES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3704201 1987-02-11
DE19873704201 DE3704201A1 (en) 1987-02-11 1987-02-11 SHORT WAVE DIPOLE GROUPS

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EP0280912A1 true EP0280912A1 (en) 1988-09-07
EP0280912B1 EP0280912B1 (en) 1992-09-02

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EP88101660A Revoked EP0280912B1 (en) 1987-02-11 1988-02-05 Short wave antenna group

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DE (2) DE3704201A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4427755A1 (en) * 1994-08-05 1996-02-08 Sel Alcatel Ag Fixed or mobile radio station for an SDMA mobile radio system

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2577668A (en) * 1944-05-15 1951-12-04 Padevco Inc Circuit stabilizer
DE1516041B2 (en) * 1966-02-24 1972-06-29 Telefunken Patentverwertungsgesellschaft Mbh, 7900 Ulm SEND ARRANGEMENT FOR LONG OR LONGEST WAVES
JPS5526708A (en) 1978-08-15 1980-02-26 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Integrated antenna unit
DE8200770U1 (en) * 1982-01-12 1982-09-02 Merrettig, Rolf, 1000 Berlin VERTICAL TRANSMITTER / RECEIVER DIRECTIONAL ANTENNA FOR THE SHORT WAVE AMATEUR RADIO
EP0203777A2 (en) * 1985-05-28 1986-12-03 AT&T Corp. Space amplifier

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DE337850C (en) * 1919-01-17 1921-06-08 Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co Method and device for wireless telegraphy
GB1155603A (en) * 1965-11-10 1969-06-18 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Automatic Phase Control for Radio Transmitters
DE2059722A1 (en) * 1970-12-04 1972-06-08 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Phase comparison device
CH615783A5 (en) * 1977-06-15 1980-02-15 Patelhold Patentverwertung
GB2056781B (en) * 1979-08-10 1983-08-24 Marconi Co Ltd Antenna arrangements

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2577668A (en) * 1944-05-15 1951-12-04 Padevco Inc Circuit stabilizer
DE1516041B2 (en) * 1966-02-24 1972-06-29 Telefunken Patentverwertungsgesellschaft Mbh, 7900 Ulm SEND ARRANGEMENT FOR LONG OR LONGEST WAVES
JPS5526708A (en) 1978-08-15 1980-02-26 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Integrated antenna unit
DE8200770U1 (en) * 1982-01-12 1982-09-02 Merrettig, Rolf, 1000 Berlin VERTICAL TRANSMITTER / RECEIVER DIRECTIONAL ANTENNA FOR THE SHORT WAVE AMATEUR RADIO
EP0203777A2 (en) * 1985-05-28 1986-12-03 AT&T Corp. Space amplifier

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
FRITZ BEHNE: "Rundfunk-Sendeantennen im Lang-, Mittel-und Kurzwellenbereich", FUNKSCHAU, vol. 26, 1975, pages 44 - 47
FUNKSCHAU 75, Heft 26, Seiten 44-47; F. BEHNE: "Rdfk-Sendantennen im Lang-, Mittel- und Kurzwellenbereich" *
PATENT ABSTRACT OF JAPAN, vol. 4, no. 56,25, April 1980 (1980-04-01), pages E8 - 538
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 4, Nr. 56, 25. April 1980 (E8-538); & JP-A-55 026 708 (NIPPON DENSHIN DENWA KOSHA) 26.02.1980 *

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Publication number Publication date
DE3704201A1 (en) 1988-09-01
ATE80248T1 (en) 1992-09-15
EP0280912B1 (en) 1992-09-02
DE3874167D1 (en) 1992-10-08

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