EP0279301B1 - Projectile - Google Patents

Projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0279301B1
EP0279301B1 EP88101728A EP88101728A EP0279301B1 EP 0279301 B1 EP0279301 B1 EP 0279301B1 EP 88101728 A EP88101728 A EP 88101728A EP 88101728 A EP88101728 A EP 88101728A EP 0279301 B1 EP0279301 B1 EP 0279301B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cartridge
case
opening
projectile
propellent charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88101728A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0279301A1 (en
Inventor
Christof Hostert
Hans Assmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oregon Etablissements fuer Patentverwertung
Original Assignee
Oregon Etablissements fuer Patentverwertung
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT318087A external-priority patent/AT389765B/en
Application filed by Oregon Etablissements fuer Patentverwertung filed Critical Oregon Etablissements fuer Patentverwertung
Publication of EP0279301A1 publication Critical patent/EP0279301A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0279301B1 publication Critical patent/EP0279301B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/10—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile with self-propelled bullet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projectile with a cartridge, wherein a passage opening of the cartridge base contains a squib which can be fired from the outside and which ignites a damaged propellant charge provided in the interior of the cartridge in a propellant charge cartridge, and the propellant charge cartridge, the diameter of which is smaller than that of the projectile, has at least one has lateral gas outlet opening in a gas pressure chamber of the cartridge.
  • Such projectiles are known for example from AT-B 371 596 and AT-B 374 583.
  • the propellant charge cartridge is screwed into an opening in the base of the cartridge and the propellant charge covered by the squib to the outside.
  • several gas outlet openings open out laterally from the propellant charge cartridge.
  • the struck detonator ignites the damn propellant charge, the gases of which escape into the gas pressure chamber, so that the bullet is released from the cartridge after a corresponding pressure has been built up. Since the gas outlet openings are removed from the burning side of the propellant charge bordering the squib, the overflowing gases entrain propellant charge particles, which thereby escape combustion.
  • the portion that is clearly visible in the cartridge after firing is relatively large. Experiments have shown that fluctuations of 15% or more can result in the launch speed, which significantly impair the target safety.
  • the propellant cartridge diameter corresponds to that of the projectile, so that a propellant charge of maximum size can be accommodated.
  • the gas outlet openings are provided in the base of the propellant charge cartridge, which open into a comparatively small gas pressure space between the base of the propellant charge cartridge and the cartridge base. The rocket propulsion eliminates the need for a constant launch speed.
  • the invention has now set itself the task of creating a projectile of the type mentioned, which is easier to manufacture, and in which a largely constant initial speed is achieved by as complete a combustion of the propellant charge and the target safety is improved.
  • the propellant charge cartridge is connected to the projectile and has a cartridge bottom which effects the insulation of the propellant charge, which touches the cartridge bottom and is provided with an ignition opening coaxial with the passage opening in the cartridge bottom.
  • the arrangement of the propellant charge cartridge on the floor significantly simplifies the manufacture of the cartridge, since these, including their very small passage opening, can be produced in a single non-cutting operation, for example by deep drawing, while the manufacture of the floor or its base part is only insignificantly complicated.
  • the pot-shaped propellant charge cartridge in particular screwed into a protruding threaded connector of the base part, preferably contains a cover which covers the ignition opening and which can be destroyed by the ignition jet of the squib. At least the area of the cartridge base surrounding the ignition opening touches the cartridge base in the area surrounding the passage opening, a small gap being present only because of production inaccuracies, so that the propellant gases are prevented from escaping through the ignition opening. Since the propellant charge burns off from the ignition opening, there is initially a strong insulation until the firing cross-section has reached the lateral gas outlet openings, which are preferably arranged near the base of the cartridge in the peripheral wall of the propellant charge cartridge.
  • a projectile of any kind such as an explosive grenade with a delay detonator or impact detonator, a smoke grenade, a practice projectile, etc. is inserted into a cartridge 3, a gas pressure chamber 10 being formed between the base part 2 of the projectile and the cartridge base 4.
  • the floor 1 is or the like with a circumferential groove 11. to form a positive connection with an edge region 12 of the cartridge 3, which, as shown, is achieved by crimping the edge 12 or by means of embossments distributed over the circumference or by means of an annular bead.
  • the cartridge 3 is deep-drawn, for example, from an aluminum alloy, and has a central passage opening 5 in an area 16 of the cartridge base 4, into which a squib 9 is inserted.
  • a threaded connector 13 is formed, in which a propellant charge cartridge 6 is inserted, which contains the propellant charge 7.
  • the propellant charge cartridge in the cartridge base 17 has a central ignition opening 15 of small diameter and lateral gas outlet openings 8, which are provided on the inside by a cover 14 made of easily destructible material, such as paper, plastic or the like. are closed to prevent the propellant charge 7 from falling out the.
  • the cartridge base 17 touches the cartridge base 4, or at most has a small distance from it that results from production inaccuracies.
  • the ignition jet of the squib 9 acted upon from the outside hits the propellant charge 7 through the openings 5 and 15, the cover 14 being destroyed.
  • the propellant charge 7 is thus ignited at the ignition opening 15, and because of the contact or the very small gap between the cartridge base 17 and the area 16 of the cartridge base 4, there is initially a high degree of insulation.
  • the developing propellant gases then exit through the lateral gas outlet openings 8 arranged near the cartridge base 17 into the gas pressure chamber 10. Propellant particles entrained by the propellant gases from the interior of the propellant charge cartridge 8 must thereby pass through the firing cross-section which extends from the ignition opening 15 so that their complete combustion is ensured.
  • the initial speed given to a projectile 1 according to the invention after the interlock 11, 12 breaks is therefore subject to only slight fluctuations, since an approximately constant gas pressure can be achieved, and the target reliability is significantly improved.

Abstract

1. A projectile with a case (3), wherein a through opening (5) in the bottom (4) of the case contains a firing capsule (9) which can be struck from the outside and which fires a tamped propellent charge (7) provided in the interior of the case in a propellent charge cartridge (6), and wherein the propellent charge cartridge (6), the diameter of which is less than that of the projectile (1), has at least one lateral gas outlet opening (8) into a gas pressure chamber (10) of the case (3), characterised in that the propellent charge cartridge (6) is connected to the projectile (1) and has a cartridge bottom (17) which produces the tamping of the propellent charge and which is in contact with the bottom (4) of the case and which is provided with a firing opening (15) which is coaxial with the through opening (5) in the bottom (4) of the case.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Geschoß mit einer Kartusche, wobei eine Durchtrittsöffnung des Kartuschenbodens eine von außen anschlagbare Zündpille enthält, die eine im Inneren der Kartusche in einer Treibladungspatrone vorgesehene verdämmte Treibladung zündet und wobei die Treibladungspatrone, deren Durchmesser kleiner als der des Geschoßes ist, mindestens eine seitliche Gasaustrittsöffnung in einen Gasdruckraum der Kartusche aufweist.The invention relates to a projectile with a cartridge, wherein a passage opening of the cartridge base contains a squib which can be fired from the outside and which ignites a damaged propellant charge provided in the interior of the cartridge in a propellant charge cartridge, and the propellant charge cartridge, the diameter of which is smaller than that of the projectile, has at least one has lateral gas outlet opening in a gas pressure chamber of the cartridge.

Derartige Geschoße sind beispielsweise durch die AT-B 371 596 und AT-B 374 583 bekannt. Die Treibladungspatrone ist hiebei in eine Öffnung des Kartuschenbodens eingeschraubt, und die enthaltene Treibladung durch die Zündpille nach außen überdeckt. In den in der Kartusche gebildeten etwa ringförmigen Gasdruckraum, der durch das eingesetzte Geschoß geschlossen ist, münden aus der Treibladungspatrone seitlich mehrere Gasaustrittsöffnungen. Die angeschlagene Zündpille zündet die verdämmte Treibladung, deren Gase in den Gasdruckraum entweichen, sodaß sich nach Aufbau eines entsprechenden Druckes das Geschoß aus der Kartusche löst. Da die Gasaustrittsöffnungen von der an die Zündpille grenzenden Anbrennseite der Treibladung entfernt sind, reißen die überströmenden Gase Treibladungspartikel mit, die dadurch der Verbrennung entgehen. Deren nach dem Abschuß in der Kartusche deutlich sichtbarer Anteil ist relativ groß. Versuche haben ergeben, daß sich dadurch in der Abschußgeschwindigkeit Schwankungen von 15% und mehr ergeben können, die die Zielsicherheit maßgeblich verschlechtern.Such projectiles are known for example from AT-B 371 596 and AT-B 374 583. The propellant charge cartridge is screwed into an opening in the base of the cartridge and the propellant charge covered by the squib to the outside. In the approximately annular gas pressure chamber formed in the cartridge, which is closed by the inserted floor, several gas outlet openings open out laterally from the propellant charge cartridge. The struck detonator ignites the damn propellant charge, the gases of which escape into the gas pressure chamber, so that the bullet is released from the cartridge after a corresponding pressure has been built up. Since the gas outlet openings are removed from the burning side of the propellant charge bordering the squib, the overflowing gases entrain propellant charge particles, which thereby escape combustion. The portion that is clearly visible in the cartridge after firing is relatively large. Experiments have shown that fluctuations of 15% or more can result in the launch speed, which significantly impair the target safety.

Aus der US-A 3 922 967 ist ein Geschoß bekannt, an dessen Boden ebenfalls eine Treibladungspatrone angeschraubt ist.From US-A 3 922 967 a projectile is known, on the bottom of which a propellant cartridge is also screwed.

Da durch die Treibladung jedoch nicht nur der Abschuß aus der Kartusche, sondern auch ein während des Fluges anhaltender Raketenantrieb gegeben sein soll, entspricht der Durchmesser der Treibladungspatrone dem des Geschoßes, sodaß eine Treibladung mit maximaler Größe untergebracht werden kann. Weiters sind die Gasaustrittsöffnungen im Boden der Treibladungspatrone vorgesehen, die in einen vergleichsweise kleinen Gasdruckraum zwischen dem Boden der Treibladungspatrone und dem Kartuschenboden münden. Durch den Raketenantrieb wird eine möglichst konstante Abschußgeschwindigkeit entbehrlich.However, since the propellant charge should not only give the cartridge a shot, but also a rocket propulsion that lasts during flight, the propellant cartridge diameter corresponds to that of the projectile, so that a propellant charge of maximum size can be accommodated. Furthermore, the gas outlet openings are provided in the base of the propellant charge cartridge, which open into a comparatively small gas pressure space between the base of the propellant charge cartridge and the cartridge base. The rocket propulsion eliminates the need for a constant launch speed.

Die Erfindung hat es sich nun zur Aufgabe gestellt, ein Geschoß der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das einfacher herzustellen ist, und bei dem bevorzugt eine weitgehend konstante Anfangsgeschwindigkeit durch eine möglichst vollständige Verbrennung der Treibladung erreicht und die Zielsicherheit verbessert wird.The invention has now set itself the task of creating a projectile of the type mentioned, which is easier to manufacture, and in which a largely constant initial speed is achieved by as complete a combustion of the propellant charge and the target safety is improved.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe nun dadurch gelöst, daß die Treibladungspatrone mit dem Geschoß verbunden ist und einen die Verdämmung der Treibladung bewirkenden Patronenboden aufweist, der den Kartuschenboden berührt und mit einer mit der Durchtrittsöffnung im Kartuschenboden koaxialen Zündöffnung versehen ist.According to the invention, this object is now achieved in that the propellant charge cartridge is connected to the projectile and has a cartridge bottom which effects the insulation of the propellant charge, which touches the cartridge bottom and is provided with an ignition opening coaxial with the passage opening in the cartridge bottom.

Die Anordnung der Treibladungspatrone am Geschoß vereinfacht die Herstellung der Kartusche wesentlich, da diese einschließlich ihrer sehr kleinen Durchtrittsöffnung in einem einzigen spanlosen Arbeitsgang, etwa durch Tiefziehen fertigbar sind, während die Herstellung des Geschoßes bzw. dessen Bodenteiles nur unwesentlich erschwert wird.The arrangement of the propellant charge cartridge on the floor significantly simplifies the manufacture of the cartridge, since these, including their very small passage opening, can be produced in a single non-cutting operation, for example by deep drawing, while the manufacture of the floor or its base part is only insignificantly complicated.

Die topfförmige, insbesondere in einen abstehenden Gewindestutzen des Bodenteiles eingeschraubte Treibladungspatrone enthält bevorzugt eine die Zündöffnung überdeckende Abdeckung, die durch den Zündstrahl der Zündpille zerstörbar ist. Zumindest der die Zündöffnung umgebende Bereich des Patronenbodens berührt in dem die Durchtrittsöffnung umgebenden Bereich den Kartuschenboden, wobei ein geringer Spalt nur auf Grund von Produktionsungenauigkeiten vorliegt, sodaß der Austritt der Treibgase durch die Zündöffnung verhindert wird. Da die Treibladung von der Zündöffnung her abbrennt, findet vorerst eine starke Verdämmung statt, bis der Brennquerschnitt die seitlichen Gasaustrittsöffnungen erreicht hat, die bevorzugt nahe dem Patronenboden in der Umfangswand der Treibladungspatrone angeordnet sind. Nach dem Abbrennen des geringen, ersten Teiles der Treibladung passieren weitere Ladungspartikel, die von den entstehenden Gasen aus der Patrone mitgerissen werden, damit zwangsläufig die in die Tiefe der Patrone abbrennende Treibladung, sodaß sie ebenfalls verbrannt werden. Es wird damit eine praktisch vollständige Verbrennung erreicht, sodaß die erzielbare Anfangsgeschwindigkeit im wesentlichen konstant ist.The pot-shaped propellant charge cartridge, in particular screwed into a protruding threaded connector of the base part, preferably contains a cover which covers the ignition opening and which can be destroyed by the ignition jet of the squib. At least the area of the cartridge base surrounding the ignition opening touches the cartridge base in the area surrounding the passage opening, a small gap being present only because of production inaccuracies, so that the propellant gases are prevented from escaping through the ignition opening. Since the propellant charge burns off from the ignition opening, there is initially a strong insulation until the firing cross-section has reached the lateral gas outlet openings, which are preferably arranged near the base of the cartridge in the peripheral wall of the propellant charge cartridge. After the small, first part of the propellant charge has burned off, further charge particles pass through, which are entrained by the resulting gases from the cartridge, so that the propellant charge that burns down into the depth of the cartridge, so that they are also burned. A practically complete combustion is thus achieved, so that the achievable initial speed is essentially constant.

Nachstehend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung an Hand der Figur der beiliegenden Zeichnung näher beschrieben, die einen Teillängsschnitt durch ein in eine Kartusche eingesetztes Geschoß zeigt.An embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figure of the accompanying drawing, which shows a partial longitudinal section through a projectile inserted into a cartridge.

Ein Geschoß, beliebiger Art, etwa eine Sprenggranate mit Verzögerungszünder oder Aufschlagzünder, eine Rauchgranate, ein Übungsgeschoß, usw. ist in eine Kartusche 3 eingesetzt, wobei zwischen dem Bodenteil 2 des Geschoßes, und dem Kartuschenboden 4 ein Gasdruckraum 10 gebildet ist. Das Geschoß 1 ist mit einer Umfangsrille 11 od.dgl. zur Ausbildung eines Formschlusses mit einem Randbereich 12 der Kartusche 3 versehen, der wie dargestellt, mittels einer Einbördelung des Randes 12 bzw. mittels über den Umfang verteilter Prägungen oder mittels einer ringförmigen Sicke erzielt wird.A projectile of any kind, such as an explosive grenade with a delay detonator or impact detonator, a smoke grenade, a practice projectile, etc. is inserted into a cartridge 3, a gas pressure chamber 10 being formed between the base part 2 of the projectile and the cartridge base 4. The floor 1 is or the like with a circumferential groove 11. to form a positive connection with an edge region 12 of the cartridge 3, which, as shown, is achieved by crimping the edge 12 or by means of embossments distributed over the circumference or by means of an annular bead.

Die Kartusche 3 ist beispielsweise aus einer Aluminiumlegierung tiefgezogen, und weist eine mittlere Durchtrittsöffnung 5 in einem Bereich 16 des Kartuschenbodens 4 auf, in die eine Zündpille 9 eingesetzt ist. Am Bodenteil 2 des Geschoßes 1 ist ein Gewindestutzen 13 angeformt, in den eine Treibladungspatrone 6 eingesetzt ist, die die Treibladung 7 enthält. Die Treibladungspatrone weist im Patronenboden 17 eine mittige Zündöffnung 15 geringen Durchmessers und seitliche Gasaustrittsöffnungen 8 auf, die an der Innenseite durch eine Abdeckung 14 aus leicht zerstörbarem Material, beispielsweise aus Papier, Kunststoff od.dgl. verschlossen sind, um das Herausfallen der Treibladung 7 zu verhindem. Der Patronenboden 17 berührt den Kartuschenboden 4, bzw. weist höchstens einen durch Produktionsungenauigkeiten sich ergebenden geringen Abstand dazu auf. Der Zündstrahl der von außen beaufschlagten Zündpille 9 trifft durch die Öffnungen 5 und 15 auf die Treibladung 7, wobei die Abdeckung 14 zerstört wird. Die Treibladung 7 wird somit an der Zündöffnung 15 gezündet, wobei aufgrund der Berührung bzw. des sehr geringen Spaltes zwischen dem Patronenboden 17 und dem Bereich 16 des Kartuschenbodens 4 vorerst eine starke Verdämmung gegeben ist. Die sich entwickelnden Treibgase treten dann durch die seitlichen, nahe dem Patronenboden 17 angeordneten Gasaustrittsöffnungen 8 in den Gasdruckraum 10 aus. Von den Treibgasen mitgerissene Treibladungspartikel aus dem Inneren der Treibladungspatrone 8 müssen dadurch den von der Zündöffnung 15 in die Tiefe sich ausbreitenden Brennquerschnitt passieren, sodaß deren restlose Verbrennung sichergestellt ist.The cartridge 3 is deep-drawn, for example, from an aluminum alloy, and has a central passage opening 5 in an area 16 of the cartridge base 4, into which a squib 9 is inserted. On the bottom part 2 of the floor 1, a threaded connector 13 is formed, in which a propellant charge cartridge 6 is inserted, which contains the propellant charge 7. The propellant charge cartridge in the cartridge base 17 has a central ignition opening 15 of small diameter and lateral gas outlet openings 8, which are provided on the inside by a cover 14 made of easily destructible material, such as paper, plastic or the like. are closed to prevent the propellant charge 7 from falling out the. The cartridge base 17 touches the cartridge base 4, or at most has a small distance from it that results from production inaccuracies. The ignition jet of the squib 9 acted upon from the outside hits the propellant charge 7 through the openings 5 and 15, the cover 14 being destroyed. The propellant charge 7 is thus ignited at the ignition opening 15, and because of the contact or the very small gap between the cartridge base 17 and the area 16 of the cartridge base 4, there is initially a high degree of insulation. The developing propellant gases then exit through the lateral gas outlet openings 8 arranged near the cartridge base 17 into the gas pressure chamber 10. Propellant particles entrained by the propellant gases from the interior of the propellant charge cartridge 8 must thereby pass through the firing cross-section which extends from the ignition opening 15 so that their complete combustion is ensured.

Die einem erfindungsgemäßen Geschoß 1 nach Bruch des Formschlusses 11, 12 erteilte Anfangsgeschwindigkeit unterliegt somit nur geringen Schwankungen, da ein annähernd konstanter Gasdruck erzielbar ist, und die Zielsicherheit wird deutlich verbessert.The initial speed given to a projectile 1 according to the invention after the interlock 11, 12 breaks is therefore subject to only slight fluctuations, since an approximately constant gas pressure can be achieved, and the target reliability is significantly improved.

Claims (4)

1. A projectile with a case (3), wherein a through opening (5) in the bottom (4) of the case contains a firing capsule (9) which can be struck from the outside and which fires a tamped propellent charge (7) provided in the interior of the case in a propellent charge cartridge (6), and wherein the propellent charge cartridge (6), the diameter of which is less than that of the projectile (1), has at least one lateral gas outlet opening (8) into a gas pressure chamber (10) of the case (3), characterised in that the propellent charge cartridge (6) is connected to the projectile (1) and has a cartridge bottom (17) which produces the tamping of the propellent charge and which is in contact with the bottom (4) of the case and which is provided with a firing opening (15) which is coaxial with the through opening (5) in the bottom (4) of the case.
2. A projectile according to claim 1 characterised in that the firing opening (15) is smaller than the through opening (5) in the bottom (4) of the case.
3. A projectile according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that the lateral gas outlet openings (8) are arranged adjacent the cartridge bottom (17) in the peripheral wall of the propellent charge cartridge (6).
4. A projectile according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the firing opening (15) is provided with a cover (14) which can be destroyed by the firing jet.
EP88101728A 1987-02-11 1988-02-06 Projectile Expired - Lifetime EP0279301B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT28487 1987-02-11
AT284/87 1987-02-11
AT3180/87 1987-12-03
AT318087A AT389765B (en) 1987-12-03 1987-12-03 Projectile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0279301A1 EP0279301A1 (en) 1988-08-24
EP0279301B1 true EP0279301B1 (en) 1990-06-13

Family

ID=25592172

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88101728A Expired - Lifetime EP0279301B1 (en) 1987-02-11 1988-02-06 Projectile

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0279301B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE53656T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3860233D1 (en)
MY (1) MY101488A (en)
NO (1) NO163831C (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8812000U1 (en) * 1988-09-22 1990-02-08 Rheinmetall Gmbh, 4000 Duesseldorf, De
ES2046044T3 (en) * 1990-01-15 1994-01-16 Udo Winter CARTRIDGE, ESPECIALLY POMEGRANATE CARTRIDGE.
US9557150B2 (en) * 2013-06-20 2017-01-31 Atlantis Manufacturing Management Services Proprietary Limited Grenade round

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR835605A (en) * 1938-02-22 1938-12-27 Anciens Etablissements Marga Bullet and cartridge equipped with this bullet
US3922967A (en) * 1974-03-29 1975-12-02 Avco Corp Closed-breech-gun-fired rocket-assisted projectile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO163831C (en) 1990-07-25
EP0279301A1 (en) 1988-08-24
ATE53656T1 (en) 1990-06-15
NO880581D0 (en) 1988-02-10
NO163831B (en) 1990-04-17
DE3860233D1 (en) 1990-07-19
NO880581L (en) 1988-08-12
MY101488A (en) 1991-11-18

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